TW470687B - Chemical-mechanical polishing apparatus and method - Google Patents

Chemical-mechanical polishing apparatus and method Download PDF

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Publication number
TW470687B
TW470687B TW088119654A TW88119654A TW470687B TW 470687 B TW470687 B TW 470687B TW 088119654 A TW088119654 A TW 088119654A TW 88119654 A TW88119654 A TW 88119654A TW 470687 B TW470687 B TW 470687B
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
gap
injecting
under pressure
polishing
fluid
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TW088119654A
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English (en)
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Alvaro Maury
Arun Kumar Nanda
Jose Omar Rodriguez
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Lucent Technologies Inc
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/04Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
    • H01L21/18Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
    • H01L21/30Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
    • H01L21/302Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to change their surface-physical characteristics or shape, e.g. etching, polishing, cutting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B37/00Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
    • B24B37/27Work carriers
    • B24B37/30Work carriers for single side lapping of plane surfaces
    • B24B37/32Retaining rings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B57/00Devices for feeding, applying, grading or recovering grinding, polishing or lapping agents
    • B24B57/02Devices for feeding, applying, grading or recovering grinding, polishing or lapping agents for feeding of fluid, sprayed, pulverised, or liquefied grinding, polishing or lapping agents

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)

Description

470637 A7 _____ B7_____五、發明説明(1 ) 發明領域 本發明係關於一種化學機械式之拋光(chemical-mechanical polishing CMP) 的裝置 及方法 ,主 要係用 於處理 半導體之基材。 背景及習知技術 在某些特定技術中,如積體電路製造、光學裝置製造 等,該裝置中之工件平整的程度通常係相當重要》 通常稱之為"機械拋光”係以具有細緻磨擦顆粒,具形狀 相同之拋光墊磨光以得平整之平面。當化學蝕刻物質加入 該磨擦物質之中時,則可稱化學機械式拋光(CMP)。用於 製造半導體'晶圓之CMP技術通常係相同的。 CMP製程中一重覆發生問題係易於在晶圓的端緣產生過 度拋光的現象。該問題係肇因於橫越該晶圓之正向應力不 均’此乃係自為該拋光墊在晶圓邊緣時該拋光力量使之變 形。此種"邊際效應"使晶圓所製造之裝置產量減少。在美 國專利第5,584,751及5,795,215號中有充份之說明,在此列 為參考。 CMP裝置係被廣泛使用於半導體工業中,早期之CMP裝 置特徵係如圖1以簡圖所示之裝置10。其中,環形板12具 有一柔軟拋光墊14固定於該環形板12之頂面,並由一馬達 (圖未示)帶動轉動之。一晶圓載具16係固持一半導體晶圓 18並置面對該抛光整14。晶圓18通常係由—載具膠片(圖 -4 ** 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X 297公釐) 470687 A7 __ _ _ B7 五、兑明(2 ) 一 —·~~- 未示)加以固持,載具膠片之一側一般係貼附於該載具 之底部,而另一側則贴附於晶圓18之頂部,並以吸附裝 置,如真空吸嘴,吸附於載具16,晶圓18或可藉由黏著物 或蠟貼附於該載具16。一種化學機械拋光漿2〇係自拋光漿 儲槽中以導管22導引至該轉動墊14之中央表面區域,並^ 離心力分佈於該墊14。該晶圓載具16係同時以相同該環形 板12轉動方向沿其轴轉動之。 ΒΘ圓邊緣咼拋光率,以及有時外環部份相較中心部份較 少的抛光率所造成拋光墊的變形問题已早為人所發現。藉 由改變該晶圓載具16的結構可以部份解決此種問題,係包 括—固定的固持環23以及一可移動式之固持環24。該固定 之固持環23係貼靠於該載具16之周緣,且於該晶圓18上端 之底下延伸之,以防止該晶圓18在拋光過程中滑動。該可 移動之固持澡24(如圖2)係間隔於該載具16之周緣且/或該 固疋固持環23,以形成一間隙26介於該可移動之固持環24 與該晶圓載具之外牆間《晶圓固定器一詞當無固定之固持 環時’或固定之固持環與與載具合為一體時則定義為一單 獨之載具。施加於該可移動之固持環24之壓力係可單獨調 整並施於該載具16 ’前述與習知技術相關之專利則對此有 相當詳細之教示。然而當用以削減此種邊緣效應之設計只 成減輕程度’但無法解決此一問題。已發現邊緣效應在間 隙26之寬度縮減時可極小化。惟,該間隙不可太窄,因為 -5- ^ 張尺度it 财 i S 家―^^21() x -9?S) 470637 A7 _____ B7__ 五、發明説明(3 ) 該可移動之環24不可磨擦該晶圓固定器,以確保避免與該 環24連結。且,加寬該間隙26可使該拋光墊14向内變形, 進而再一次增加其邊緣效應。 發明概要 本發明之目的係在於提供一種方法及裝置,用以進一步 限制或減少由以拋光墊平整一區域時會造成變形之邊緣效 應。 本發明係在壓力下加入流體,一般係拋光漿,至該介於 該可移動之固持環與該晶圓固定器間間隙區域中之拋光墊 上。當流體以施加足夠之壓力時,通常壓力係介於1至10 psi ’其將使·晶圓端緣附近區域之拋光墊平整之,以減少邊 緣效應。 本發明係以一種CMP裝置實現,其包含一種提供加壓之 拋光漿之導營,使該拋光漿自該加壓源注入該可移動之固 持及晶圓間之間隙中。該流體可交互地變為氣流或流體, 其具有或不具化學拋光介質。 請注意’本發明雖然係以半導體晶圓之拋光做為說明, 其仍可等效地用以拋光各種型式之基材,在此晶圓則係包 含所有拋光之基材。 圖式說明 圖1係習知技術中CMP裝置之示意圖。 圖2係習知技術之示意圖,圖1所示之改良後晶圓載具 -6- 本紙張尺度逋用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公愛) 4706S7 A7 B7 五、發明説明(4 ) 則進一步顯示拋光墊變形的問題。 圖3係本發明實施例之剖視圖,其中拋光漿導管係裝置 於該可移式之固持環。 圖4係本發明另一實施例之剖視圖,其中該拋光漿導管 係裝置於該晶圓載具中。 圖5係本發明又一實施例之側視圖,其中該拋光漿係注 入該晶圓載具與固持環之間的間隙上方。 主要元件代號表 10 化學機械拋光裝置 23 固定固持環 12 環形'板 24 可移動固持環 14 拋光墊 26 間隙 16 晶圓載具 28 導管 18 晶圓_ 30 流體供應管 20 化學機械抛光漿 32 彈性間隙封隔膜 22 導管 34 主管部 本發明之詳細說明 根據本發明,具有造成邊緣效應變形的不平整拋光墊之 習知CMP裝置包括一轉盤其頂面上具有一拋光墊,一晶圓 固定器用以固持鄰接該拋光墊之半導體晶圓,一可移動之 晶圓固持環係圍繞於該晶圓固定器之外部周緣並與之間 -7 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X 297公釐) 470637 A7 ______B7 五、發明説明(5 ) 隔,藉以造成-狹小之間隙與該固定環與晶圓固定器之 間,以及拋光漿導引管用以提供CMp之拋光装至該拋光墊 之表面’其所造成之邊緣效應變形即藉由導引拋光漿至固 持環與晶tSSl定器間之間隙加以減少或消^之,在足夠之 塵力下以提供据光過程中實質上為平整之_㈣表面於晶 圓之周緣。因為該拋光墊之變形量將取決於各種製程變 數’諸如轉盤或晶圓之轉速、溫度、晶圓對該拋光墊之壓 力等。其中該拋光漿的壓力係為可調整較佳,如此可在特 定條件下得最佳之平整度。以上均可以習知技術完成導引 加壓之流體,如:氣壓導引系統或一注射型之導引系統, 其中氣壓導引系統係在流體上方的空氣壓力以及噴嘴的尺 寸係決定壓力,在此條件下以一定速率注入。 如圖3所示,係本發明之一簡化後之實施例,其中流 體,如CMP拖光漿係經由一或多個通過該可移動之固定環 24之通道或導管28注入間隙26之中。該流體係經由一與導 管28連接之流體供應管3〇導入該導管28之中。一般而言, 流體自導管28注入該間隙26時係以朝下之方向為佳,藉以 向下施加力於該拋光墊14。同時,其係包括一彈性之間隙 封隔膜32固.定於該晶圓固定器以及該可移動之固定環24, 以防止該拋光液在壓力仍做用於該固定環24以單獨調整該 載具16之壓力時,自該間隙之頂部外漏。 圖4係本發明之另一實施例,其中該導管28係通過該晶 -8 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4规格(210X297公釐)

Claims (1)

  1. A B c D 470687 R、申請專利範圍 1 ·—種化學機械式拋光一基材之方法,其係利用一裝置 達成’該裝置包括一基材固定器及一固持環,該固持 環係間隔設置並環繞於該固定器之週邊,藉此以使產 生一間隙於該固定器與該環之間,以及包括一拋光塾 於一平板上;該方法包括以下之步驟:在壓力下注入 —種流體於該間隙中,該壓力在拋光基材過程中係保 持該拋光墊之平整度。 2 .如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中所謂在壓力下注 入一流體係包括在壓力下注入一化學機械式拋光漿。 3.如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中所謂在壓力下注 入一流體係包括在壓力下注入一流體以便在拋光塾上 造成一在1 p s i到1 Ο p s i間之壓力。 4·如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中所謂在壓力下注 入一流體孫包括注入一流體經由一或多個導管通過該 固持環導入該間隙中。 5 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中所謂在壓力下注 入一流體係包括注入一流體經由一或多個導管通過該 基材固定器導入該間隙中。 6 .如申請專利範圍第1項之方法’其中所謂在壓力下注 入一流體係包括注入一流體經由一或多個供應管導入 該間隙中,該管之終端係在該間隙中或恰在該間隙之 上方。 -10- 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)八4規格(210X 297公釐)
TW088119654A 1998-12-24 1999-11-10 Chemical-mechanical polishing apparatus and method TW470687B (en)

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