TW202313716A - 耐油劑及紙製品 - Google Patents
耐油劑及紙製品 Download PDFInfo
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- TW202313716A TW202313716A TW111121283A TW111121283A TW202313716A TW 202313716 A TW202313716 A TW 202313716A TW 111121283 A TW111121283 A TW 111121283A TW 111121283 A TW111121283 A TW 111121283A TW 202313716 A TW202313716 A TW 202313716A
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L29/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L29/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
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- B65D65/38—Packaging materials of special type or form
- B65D65/42—Applications of coated or impregnated materials
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of oxygen-containing monomers as defined in group C08F16/00
- C08F261/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of oxygen-containing monomers as defined in group C08F16/00 on to polymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08F261/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of oxygen-containing monomers as defined in group C08F16/00 on to polymers of unsaturated alcohols on to polymers of vinyl alcohol
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
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- C08F8/14—Esterification
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
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- C08F8/30—Introducing nitrogen atoms or nitrogen-containing groups
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/71—Monoisocyanates or monoisothiocyanates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D151/00—Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D151/003—Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D201/00—Coating compositions based on unspecified macromolecular compounds
- C09D201/02—Coating compositions based on unspecified macromolecular compounds characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. terminal or pendant functional groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/65—Additives macromolecular
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/36—Polyalkenyalcohols; Polyalkenylethers; Polyalkenylesters
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/37—Polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. polyacrylates
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
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- D21H17/54—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen
- D21H17/56—Polyamines; Polyimines; Polyester-imides
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- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/10—Coatings without pigments
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- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
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- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/10—Coatings without pigments
- D21H19/14—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12
- D21H19/20—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12 comprising macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/10—Coatings without pigments
- D21H19/14—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12
- D21H19/20—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12 comprising macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H19/22—Polyalkenes, e.g. polystyrene
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
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- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
- D21H27/10—Packing paper
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F216/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical
- C08F216/02—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical by an alcohol radical
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Landscapes
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Wrappers (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Abstract
一種耐油劑,其係含有聚合物(A),該聚合物(A)係對具有選自由羥基及胺基所組成之群組中的至少一種聚合物(a1)用碳數1至40的脂肪族烴基(a2)修飾而成者;藉此耐油劑,係賦予紙製品對液體油的耐油性。
Description
本揭示係有關耐油劑,尤其係適合利用於紙製品的耐油劑。
近年來,期待有紙製包裝材及容器作為一次性(拋棄式)之塑膠製包裝材及容器的替代品。對於紙製的食品包裝材及食品容器係有防止食品的水分及油分滲出之要求,而耐油劑可藉由內部添加或外部添加而應用於紙。
作為撥水性優良的撥水劑,專利文獻1揭露一種撥水劑,其係(a)具有選自由羥基、胺基及亞胺基所組成之群組中的至少一種取代基的乙烯系聚合物及(b)具有碳數8以上的脂肪族基的異氰酸酯之加成物。
[先前技術文獻]
[專利文獻]
[專利文獻1]WO/2020/022367
專利文獻1中並未記載賦予紙製品對液體油的耐油性。紙製品對液體油的耐油性對於意欲使用於食品用的用途之紙製品(例如食品包裝材)而言為重要的特性。本揭示的目的係提供一種耐油劑,其可賦予紙製品對液體油的耐油性。
本揭示的較佳型態係如下述。
〔第1項〕一種耐油劑,其係包含聚合物(A),該聚合物(A)係對具有選自由羥基及胺基所組成之群組中的至少一種之聚合物(a1)用碳數1至40的脂肪族烴基(a2)修飾而成者。
〔第2項〕如第1項所述之耐油劑,其中,前述脂肪族烴基(a2)的碳數係7以上。
〔第3項〕如第1或2項所述之耐油劑,其中,前述聚合物(a1)和前述脂肪族烴基(a2)係以選自由胺酯(urethane)鍵、脲鍵、酯鍵、醯胺鍵及醚鍵所組成之群組中的至少一種鍵而鍵結。
〔第4項〕如第1至3項中任一項所述之耐油劑,其中,前述聚合物(a1)係選自由聚乙烯醇、乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物、乙酸乙烯酯-乙烯醇共聚物、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯-乙烯醇共聚物、聚乙烯胺及乙烯胺-乙烯醇共聚物所組成之群組中的至少一種。
〔第5項〕如第1至4項中任一項所述之耐油劑,其中,前述聚合物(a1)的所有重複單元中之乙烯醇單元及乙烯胺單元的合計量係40莫耳%以上。
〔第6項〕如第1至5項中任一項所述之耐油劑,其中,相對於前述聚合物(a1)具有的烴基及胺基之合計量,前述聚合物(A)中之前述脂肪族烴基(a2)的修飾率係25莫耳%以上100莫耳%以下。
〔第7項〕如第1至6項中任一項所述之耐油劑,其中,聚合物(A)係非氟聚合物。
〔第8項〕如第1至7項中任一項所述之耐油劑,係進一步包含水、有機溶劑、或水和有機溶劑的混合物之分散液或溶液。
〔第9項〕如第1至8項中任一項所述之耐油劑,係進一步包含選自由多醣類、紙力強化劑、凝聚劑、產率提升劑及凝結劑所組成之群組中的至少一種。
〔第10項〕如第1至9項中任一項所述之耐油劑,該耐油劑用於紙製品。
〔第11項〕如第10項所述之耐油劑,其中,前述紙製品係食品用包裝材或食品用容器。
〔第12項〕一種紙製品,係經第1至11項中任一項所述之耐油劑處理的紙製品。
〔第13項〕如第12項所述之紙製品,係食品用包裝材或食品用容器。
〔第14項〕一種耐油劑,其係包含聚合物(A),該聚合物(A)係對具有選自由羥基及胺基所組成之群組中的至少一種之聚合物(a1)用碳數1至40的脂肪族烴基(a2)修飾而成者;其中,前述聚合物(a1)和前述脂肪族烴基(a2)係以酯鍵而鍵結。
本揭示中的耐油劑係可賦予紙製品對液體油的耐油性。
<耐油劑>
耐油劑係藉由處理基材而賦予基材耐油性。經賦予耐油性的基材係具有防止油污的性質,此外,亦可具有撥油性或防污性等。此處的油,係指油脂或有機溶劑,油脂可列舉:食用油脂(植物性脂肪油、動物性脂肪油、植物性脂肪、動物性脂肪)、工業油脂,就食用油脂而言,可列舉:沙拉油、玉米油、芝麻油、菜籽油、橄欖油,就工業油脂而言,可列舉蓖麻油,有機溶劑可為極性溶劑,亦可為非極性溶劑,就非極性溶劑而言,可列舉己烷、十六烷等,但並不侷限於此等。油可至少包含油脂。耐油劑可係藉由處理基材而賦予基材耐水性、及/或撥水性。
耐油劑除了包含聚合物(A)(例如可為非氟聚合物),亦可包含液體介質(水、有機溶劑或此等的混合溶液)。耐油劑也可以進一步包含選自由界面活性劑、分散劑及添加劑所組成之群組中的至少一種。
〔聚合物(A)〕
本揭示中的耐油劑係含有聚合物(A)。聚合物(A)係將含有羥基或胺基的聚合物(a1)以碳數1至40的脂肪族烴基(a2)修飾而成者。此處,以脂肪族烴基(a2)修飾聚合物(a1),係指使脂肪族烴基(a2)化學鍵結於聚合物(a1)。亦即,聚合物(A)係聚合物(a1)與脂肪族烴基(a2)化學鍵合而成者。
(聚合物(a1))
聚合物(a1)具有選自由羥基及胺基所組成之群組中的至少一者。聚合物(a1)可係僅具有羥基、僅具有胺基或是具有羥基與胺基兩者,亦可更具有羧基等官能基。聚合物(a1)可為合成高分子或天然高分子,可列舉例如:將具有乙
烯基CH2=CH-或亞乙烯基CH2=C=的單體聚合而得到的乙烯聚合物。聚合物(a1)可為具有由丙烯酸單體衍生的重複單元之丙烯酸聚合物,亦可非丙烯酸聚合物。聚合物(a1)係熱硬化性樹脂或熱塑性樹脂,係以熱塑性樹脂為佳。
聚合物(a1)可為具有乙烯醇單元的聚乙烯醇。乙烯醇單元係下式所呈示的重複單元:
-(-CH2-CHOH-)-。
聚乙烯醇能夠藉由例如聚乙酸乙烯酯的皂化而製造。
聚合物(a1)可具有乙酸乙烯酯單元。乙酸乙烯酯單元係下式所呈示的重複單元:
-(-CH2-CH(OCOCH3)-)-。
聚合物(a1)係可具有乙烯醇單元和乙酸乙烯酯單元雙方,亦可為乙酸乙烯酯-乙烯醇共聚物。
聚合物(a1)所具有的重複單元並不侷限於乙烯醇單元、乙酸乙烯酯單元,也可以具有伸乙基單元、乙烯基胺單元等。就其他而言,,並未限制聚合物(a1)可具有的重複單元,而可具有衍生自其他乙烯基單體或丙烯酸單體的重複單元。
聚合物(a1)的所有重複單元中之乙烯醇單元的量,可為10莫耳%以上、20莫耳%以上、30莫耳%以上、40莫耳%以上、50莫耳%以上、60莫耳%以上、70莫耳%以上、80莫耳%以上、90莫耳%以上或95莫耳%以上,而以60莫耳%以上為佳。聚合物(a1)的所有重複單元中之乙烯醇單元的量,可為100莫耳%以下、95莫耳%以下、85莫耳%以下、75莫耳%以下、65莫耳
%以下、55莫耳%以下、45莫耳%以下、35莫耳%以下、25莫耳%以下、15莫耳%以下或10莫耳%以下。
聚合物(a1)之皂化度(乙烯醇單元數/乙烯醇單元及乙酸乙烯酯單元的合計數)可為10莫耳%以上、20莫耳%以上、30莫耳%以上、40莫耳%以上、50莫耳%以上、60莫耳%以上、70莫耳%以上、80莫耳%以上、90莫耳%以上或95莫耳%以上,以60莫耳%以上為佳。聚合物(a1)之皂化度可為100莫耳%以下、95莫耳%以下、85莫耳%以下、75莫耳%以下、65莫耳%以下、55莫耳%以下、45莫耳%以下、35莫耳%以下、25莫耳%以下、15莫耳%以下或10莫耳%以下。
聚合物(a1)的所有重複單元中之乙烯單元之量,可為5莫耳%以上、10莫耳%以上、15莫耳%以上、20莫耳%以上、25莫耳%以上、30莫耳%以上、35莫耳%以上、40莫耳%以上、45莫耳%以上或50莫耳%以上。聚合物(a1)的所有重複單元中之乙烯單元之合計量,可為60莫耳%以下、55莫耳%以下、50莫耳%以下、45莫耳%以下、40莫耳%以下、35莫耳%以下、30莫耳%以下、25莫耳%以下、20莫耳%以下、15莫耳%以下或10莫耳%以下。
聚合物(a1)的所有重複單元中之乙烯胺單元之量,可為5莫耳%以上、10莫耳%以上、15莫耳%以上、20莫耳%以上、25莫耳%以上、30莫耳%以上、35莫耳%以上、40莫耳%以上、45莫耳%以上或50莫耳%以上。聚合物(a1)的所有重複單元中之乙烯單元之合計量,可為60莫耳%以下、55莫耳%以下、50莫耳%以下、45莫耳%以下、40莫耳%以下、35莫耳%以下、
30莫耳%以下、25莫耳%以下、20莫耳%以下、15莫耳%以下或10莫耳%以下。
聚合物(a1)的所有重複單元中之乙烯醇單元及乙烯胺單元之合計量,可為10莫耳%以上、20莫耳%以上、30莫耳%以上、40莫耳%以上、50莫耳%以上、60莫耳%以上、70莫耳%以上、80莫耳%以上、90莫耳%以上或95莫耳%以上,以40莫耳%以上為佳。聚合物(a1)的所有重複單元中之乙烯醇單元及乙烯胺單元之合計量,可為100莫耳%以下、95莫耳%以下、85莫耳%以下、75莫耳%以下、65莫耳%以下、55莫耳%以下、45莫耳%以下、35莫耳%以下、25莫耳%以下、15莫耳%以下或10莫耳%以下。
聚合物(a1)的具體例可列舉:聚乙烯醇、乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物、乙酸乙烯酯-乙烯醇共聚物、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯-乙烯醇共聚物、聚乙烯胺及乙烯胺-乙烯醇共聚物等。
聚合物(a1)的重量平均分子量可為1,000以上、3,000以上、5,000以上、7,500以上、10,000以上、30,000以上、100,000以上、300,000以上或500,000以上。聚合物(a1)的重量平均分子量可為10,000,000以下、7,500,000以下、5,000,000以下、3,000,000以下、1,000,000以下、750,000以下、500,000以下、300,000以下、100,000以下、75,000以下或50,000以下。
(脂肪族烴基(a2))
脂肪族烴基(a2)的碳數可為1以上、3以上、5以上、7以上、10以上、12以上、14以上、16以上、18以上或20以上,較佳為7以上、10以上或12以上。脂肪族烴基(a2)的碳數可為40以下、35以下、30以下、25以下、22以下、20以下或18以下。較佳為30以下。
脂肪族烴基(a2)係以一價的脂肪族烴基為佳。脂肪族烴基(a2)可為直鏈狀、分枝鏈狀或環狀,以直鏈狀為佳。脂肪族烴基(a2)可為不飽和(例如,一價不飽和、二價不飽和、三價不飽和、四價不飽和或多價不飽和)或飽和,例如為烷基。
脂肪族烴基(a2)的具體例可列舉:正丙基、異丙基、正丁基、第三丁基、新戊基、辛基、十三烷基、十四烷基、十五烷基、月桂基、棕櫚基、十七烷基、硬脂基、二十二烷基、2-乙基己基、異硬脂基等烷基;油基、棕櫚醯基、二十烯基等烯基等。
(聚有機矽氧烷基(a3))
亦可使用聚有機矽氧烷基(a3)來取代脂肪族烴基(a2)、或與脂肪族烴基(a2)組合。聚有機矽氧烷基(a3)係聚有機矽氧烷鍵結於聚合物(a1)而生成的基,以一價的基為佳。使聚有機矽氧烷和聚合物鍵合的方法並無特別的限制,可經由聚有機矽氧烷所具有的反應基而鍵合。
聚有機矽氧烷可具有下述式呈示的化學結構;
-(R2SiO)n-〔式中,各R係獨立地為一價有機基,n為1至10,000〕。R可為具有碳數1至12(例如碳數1至4)的烷基或官能基(例如:羥基、胺基、巰基、環氧基、羧基、鹵素取代烷基、乙烯基、(甲基)丙烯酸酯基及(甲基)丙烯醯胺基等)的有機基。n可為1以上、2以上、10以上、30以上、或100以上,可為10,000以下、5,000以下、1,000以下或500以下。聚有機矽氧烷的末端結構可為氫原子、烷基、羥基、矽醇基或三烷基矽基。
〔聚合物(A)的組成等〕
相對於聚合物(a1)所具有的羥基及胺基之合計量,聚合物(A)中的脂肪族烴基(a2)之修飾率可為5莫耳%以上、10莫耳%以上、15莫耳%以上、20莫耳%以上、25莫耳%以上、30莫耳%以上、35莫耳%以上、40莫耳%以上、45莫耳%以上或50莫耳%以上,以25莫耳%以上為佳。相對於聚合物(a1)所具有的羥基及胺基之合計量,聚合物(A)中的脂肪族烴基(a2)之修飾率可為100莫耳%以下、90莫耳%以下、80莫耳%以下、70莫耳%以下、60莫耳%以下或50莫耳%以下。
聚合物(A)係具有聚有機矽氧烷基(a3)來取代脂肪族烴基(a2)時,相對於聚合物(a1)所具有的羥基及胺基之合計量,聚有機矽氧烷基(a3)之修飾率可為0.1莫耳%以上、1莫耳%以上、3莫耳%以上、5莫耳%以上、10莫耳%以上或25莫耳%以上;相對於聚合物(a1)所具有的羥基及胺基之合計量,聚有機矽氧烷基(a3)之修飾率可為50莫耳%以下、30莫耳%以下、15莫耳%以下、10莫耳%以下或5莫耳%以下。當聚合物(A)具有脂肪族烴基(a2)和聚有機矽氧烷基(a3)之兩者時,聚有機矽氧烷基(a3)的修飾率可為脂肪族烴基(a2)的修飾率之0.01倍以上、0.1倍以上或0.3倍以上,脂肪族烴基(a2)之修飾率的3倍以下、1倍以下或0.5倍以下。
聚合物(A)可不具有碳數1以上、3以上、6以上或8以上的氟烷基(尤其是全氟烷基)。聚合物(A)亦可為不具有氟原子的非氟聚合物。本揭示中的耐油劑即便不使用具有氟烷基或氟原子的聚合物,也能夠顯現良好的耐油性。
聚合物(A)的重量平均分子量可為1,000以上、3,000以上、5,000以上、7,500以上、10,000以上、30,000以上、100,000以上、300,000以上或
500,000以上。聚合物(A)的重量平均分子量可為10,000,000以下、7,500,000以下、5,000,000以下、3,000,000以下、1,000,000以下、750,000以下、500,000以下、300,000以下、100,000以下、75,000以下或50,000以下。
〔聚合物(A)的特性〕
對於聚合物(A),正十六烷的接觸角(玻璃基板上)可為5°以上、10°以上或15°以上,以20°以上、25°以上或30°以上為佳,以35°以上、40°以上或45°以上為更佳。從耐油性的觀點等來看,因為藉由正十六烷的接觸角於上述範圍,可使耐油劑的撥液性優良,故為較佳。此處,接觸角可為依實施例所記載的方法測得者。具體而言,可為將聚合物(A)濃度1.0%的氯仿溶液旋轉塗佈在貼附有玻璃紙膜(cellophane film)的玻璃基板上,將2μL的十六烷(HD)滴在所得的塗膜上,測定滴附1秒後的接觸角而得之靜態接觸角。
聚合物(A)的熔點係以40℃以上、50℃以上、60℃以上、70℃以上、80℃以上、90℃以上、100℃以上、120℃以上或140℃以上為佳。此外,聚合物(A)的熔點係以200℃以下、180℃以下或160℃以下為佳。從耐油性的觀點等來看,藉由聚合物(A)的熔點於上述範圍,會提高處理纖維製品時的塗佈性和耐溫度性,因而特別良好。
聚合物(A)的玻璃轉移溫度係以30℃以上、40℃以上、50℃以上、60℃以上、70℃以上、80℃以上、90℃以上或100℃以上為佳。此外,聚合物(A)的玻璃轉移溫度係以140℃以下、130℃以下或120℃以下為佳。從耐油性的觀點等來看,藉由聚合物(A)的玻璃轉移溫度為上述範圍,會提高處理纖維製品時的塗佈性和耐溫度性,因而特別良好。
〔聚合物(A)之量〕
相對於耐油劑,聚合物(A)之量可為0.1重量%以上、1重量%以上、3重量%以上、5重量%以上、10重量%以上、25重量%以上、50重量%以上或75重量%以上。相對於耐油劑,聚合物(A)之量可為100重量%以下、95重量%以下、75重量%以下、50重量%以下或25重量%以下。
〔聚合物(A)的製造方法〕
聚合物(A)可藉由脂肪族烴基(a2)對聚合物(a1)進行修飾而製造。脂肪族烴基(a2)對聚合物(a1)進行修飾之方法並無特別的限制。例如可使用:胺酯鍵形成反應、脲鍵形成反應、酯鍵形成反應、醯胺鍵形成反應及醚鍵形成反應等的方法。亦即,可使聚合物(a1)和脂肪族烴基(a2)以選自由脲鍵、胺酯鍵、酯鍵、醯胺鍵及醚鍵所組成之群組中的至少一個鍵而鍵結。鍵形成反應中,可適合使用醯化劑、縮合劑、觸媒等。
脂肪族烴基(a2)對聚合物(a1)的修飾係可藉由使聚合物(a1)之官能基(羥基或胺基)和含有脂肪族烴基的反應物反應而進行。此處,「含有脂肪族烴基的反應物」係指具有脂肪族烴基(a2)及聚合物(a1)的官能基反應而得之基的化合物。
含有脂肪族烴基的反應物之例係如下述。
H2N-R
HO-R
HO(O=)C-R
X(O=)C-R
RC(=O)OC(=O)R
O=C=N-R
S=C=N-R
(CH2OCH)CH2OR
X-R
[式中,各個R係獨立地為脂肪族烴基(a2),X係F、Cl、Br或I。]
(胺酯鍵的形成)
聚合物(A)中,可使聚合物(a1)和脂肪族烴基(a2)以胺酯鍵而鍵結。聚合物(A)中的胺酯鍵,例如可係藉由使含有羥基的聚合物(a1)與含有脂肪族烴基的異氰酸酯反應而形成。反應時可使用錫觸媒或胺作為觸媒。例如,若是在有機溶劑中使含有羥基的聚合物(a1)與含有脂肪族烴基的異氰酸酯反應一定時間,便可使聚合物(a1)與脂肪族烴基(a2)以胺酯鍵鍵合而得到聚合物(A)。
(脲鍵的形成)
聚合物(A)中,聚合物(a1)和脂肪族烴基(a2)可藉由脲鍵而鍵合。聚合物(A)中的脲鍵,例如可藉由使含有胺基的聚合物(a1)和含有脂肪族烴基的異氰酸酯反應而形成。反應時可適當利用觸媒。例如,只要在有機溶劑中使含有胺基的聚合物(a1)和含有脂肪族烴基的異氰酸酯反應數小時,則可使胺基與異氰酸酯基反應,而能夠藉由使聚合物(a1)和脂肪族烴基(a2)以脲鍵鍵合而得到聚合物(A)。
(酯鍵的形成)
聚合物(A)中,聚合物(a1)和脂肪族烴基(a2)可藉由酯鍵而鍵合。聚合物(A)中的酯鍵,可為例如使含有羥基的聚合物(a1)與含有脂肪族烴基的羧酸反應而形成。反應時亦可利用醯化觸媒和縮合劑等。例如,只要在有機溶劑
中使含有羥基的聚合物(a1)與含有脂肪族烴基的羧酸反應數小時,即可使羥基與羧酸反應,使聚合物(a1)與脂肪族烴基(a2)以酯鍵鍵合而得到聚合物(A)。
(醯胺鍵的形成)
聚合物(A)中,可使聚合物(a1)和脂肪族烴基(a2)以醯胺鍵鍵合。聚合物(A)中的醯胺鍵,例如可係藉由使含有胺基的聚合物(a1)與含有脂肪族烴基的羧酸反應而形成。反應時,可利用醯化觸媒和縮合劑等。例如,只要在有機溶劑中使含有胺基的聚合物(a1)與含有脂肪族烴基的羧酸反應數小時,胺基便會與羧酸反應,使聚合物(a1)與脂肪族烴基(a2)以醯胺鍵鍵合而得到聚合物(A)。
(醚鍵的形成)
聚合物(A)中,可使聚合物(a1)與脂肪族烴基(a2)以醚鍵鍵合。聚合物(A)中的醚鍵,可為例如使含有羥基的聚合物(a1)與含有脂肪族烴基的醇反應而形成。反應時可利用酸觸媒、鹼觸媒等。例如,若是在有機溶劑中將含有羥基的聚合物(a1)與含有脂肪族烴基的醇於觸媒存在下加熱而進行反應,則含有脂肪族烴基的醇會發揮作為親核劑之作用,聚合物(a1)與脂肪族烴基(a2)會以醚鍵結合而得到聚合物(A)。
〔液態介質〕
耐油劑可含有液態介質。液態介質可單獨為水、單獨為有機溶劑,或為水與有機溶劑的混合物,而以單獨為水或是水與有機溶劑的混合物為佳。
有機溶劑之例子可為:酯(例如,碳數2至30的酯,具體上係乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯)、酮(例如,碳數2至30的酮,具體上係甲基乙基酮、二異丁基酮)、醇(例如,碳數1至30的1至3價之醇,具體上係異丙醇)、醚、
烷烴、甲苯系溶劑、鹵化碳等。其他溶劑的具體例可列舉:丙酮、異丙醇、氯仿、HCHC225、戊烷、己烷、庚烷、辛烷、環己烷、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、石油醚、四氫呋喃、1,4-二噁烷、甲基乙基酮、甲基異丁酮、二異丁酮、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、1,1,2,2-四氯乙烷、1,1,1-三氯乙烷、三氯乙烯、過氯乙烯、四氯二氟乙烷、三氯三氟乙烷及此等的混合溶劑等。此等溶劑可單獨使用,或可將二個以上合併使用。
相對於耐油劑,液態介質之量可為30重量%以上、50重量%以上、60重量%以上、75重量%以上或90重量%以上。相對於耐油劑,液態介質之量可為95重量%以下、75重量%以下或50重量%以下。
液態介質為水和有機溶劑的混合物時,相對於液態介質,有機溶劑之量可為3重量%以上、10重量%以上、30重量%以上、50重量%以上或75重量%以上。相對於液態介質,有機溶劑之量可為90重量%以下、50重量%以下、30重量%以下或10重量%以下。
〔界面活性劑或分散劑〕
耐油劑可含有或不含界面活性劑(乳化劑)或分散劑。通常來說,為了聚合物(A)的水分散體之穩定化,相對於聚合物(A)100重量份,係可添加界面活性劑或分散劑0.01至100重量份、0.01至80重量份、0.01至60重量份、0.01至40重量份、0.01至30重量份或0.01至15重量份。界面活性劑或分散劑可以是在聚合物(A)的粉末與水混合時進行添加,也可以是在藉由將聚合物(A)強制乳化、相轉移乳化而製作水分散體時進行添加。
耐油劑中,界面活性劑係以含有選自非離子性界面活性劑、陽離子性界面活性劑、陰離子性界面活性劑及兩性界面活性劑中的一種以上之界面活性劑為佳。以使用非離子性界面活性劑與陽離子性界面活性劑的組合為佳。
非離子性界面活性劑、陽離子性界面活性劑及兩性界面活性劑之各者可為一種或二種以上之組合。
分散劑可列舉高分子分散劑。高分子分散劑可列舉:苯乙烯/順丁烯二酸酐共聚物、聚苯乙烯磺酸鹽、聚丙烯酸、聚丙烯酸鹽、聚丙烯醯胺、丙烯醯胺/丙烯酸共聚物、聚乙烯醇、羧基甲基纖維素等。
相對於聚合物(A)100重量份,界面活性劑或分散劑之量可為0.01至100重量份、0.01至80重量份、0.01至60重量份、0.01至40重量份、0.01至30重量份或0.01至15重量份。通常來說,若是添加界面活性劑或分散劑,會改善水分散體的穩定性和對纖維製品的滲透性。
〔其他添加劑〕
耐油劑也可含有其他的添加劑。其他添加劑之例可列舉:多醣類、紙力強化劑、凝聚劑、產率提升劑、凝結劑、黏合劑樹脂、分散劑、耐水劑、耐油劑、撥水劑、撥油劑、乾燥速度調整劑、交聯劑、助成膜劑、相溶化劑、抗凍劑、黏度調整劑、紫外線吸收劑、抗氧化劑、pH調整劑、消泡劑、質感調整劑、滑動性調整劑、抗靜電劑、親水化劑、抗菌劑、防腐劑、防蟲劑、芳香劑、阻燃劑、上漿劑、紙力強化劑等。相對於聚合物(A)100重量份,其他添加劑之量可分別係0.1至100重量份、0.1至80重量份、0.1至60重量份、0.1至40重量份、0.1至20重量份或0.1至10重量份。其中,耐油劑係以包含選自由多醣類、紙力強化劑、凝聚劑、產率提升劑及凝結劑所組成之群組中的至少一種為佳。
多醣類之例可列舉:澱粉、三仙膠、刺梧桐膠(karaya gum)、威蘭膠(welan gum)、瓜爾膠、果膠、羅望子膠(tamarind gum)、角叉菜膠、幾丁聚糖、阿拉伯膠、刺槐豆膠、纖維素、海藻酸、瓊脂、葡聚醣及聚三葡萄糖等。多醣類可為取代的改質多醣類,尤其可為經導入羥基或陽離子性基的改質多醣類。
紙力強化劑、凝聚劑、產率提升劑或凝結劑之例可列舉:苯乙烯系聚合物(苯乙烯/順丁烯二酸系聚合物、苯乙烯/丙烯酸系聚合物)、尿素-甲醛聚合物、聚乙烯亞胺、三聚氰胺-甲醛聚合物、聚醯胺基胺-環氧氯丙烷聚合物、聚丙烯醯胺系聚合物、多胺系聚合物、聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化銨、烷基胺/環氧氯丙烷縮合物、伸烷二氯化物(alkylene dichloride)與聚伸烷多胺的縮合物、二氰二醯胺/甲醛縮合物、二甲基二烯丙基氯化銨聚合物及烯烴/順丁烯二酸酐聚合物等。
〔耐油劑的用途〕
耐油劑並不侷限於使用作為耐油劑,而可使用作為耐水劑、撥水劑、撥油劑、防污劑、去污劑、剝離劑或離型劑等各種劑或其成分。耐油劑可使用作為外部處理劑(表面處理劑)或是內部處理劑或其成分。
藉由耐油劑處理基材,能夠使聚合物(A)在基材表面形成表面塗層結構。「處理」係指藉由浸泡、噴霧、塗佈等而將處理劑應用於被處理物。藉由處理,將耐油劑的有效成分之聚合物(A)滲透至被處理物的內部及/或附著在被處理物的表面。
為了使經處理的被處理物(基材)顯現耐油性,宜使其乾燥,較佳為以例如共聚物的Tg以上之溫度(例如100℃至200℃)加熱。藉由以共聚物
的Tg以上之溫度進行處理,可使基材表面被覆共聚物,並進一步引發側鏈的排列。藉此,能夠形成耐油性優良的表面塗層結構。
表面塗層結構可係藉由傳統已知的方法將耐油劑應用於被處理物(基材),藉此使聚合物(A)附著於基材表面而形成。通常而言,係採用:將耐油劑分散在有機溶劑或水中稀釋,並藉由如浸泡塗佈、噴霧塗佈、泡沫塗佈等已知的方法來使其附著於被處理物的表面,並予以乾燥之方法。此外,若有需要,亦可一併應用適當的交聯劑(例如,嵌段異氰酸酯化合物)來進行硬化(curing)。此外,亦可在耐油劑中添加而併用防蟲劑、柔軟劑、抗菌劑、阻燃劑、抗靜電劑、塗料固定劑、防皺劑、上漿劑、紙力強化劑等。
就可用本揭示的耐油劑處理之基材而言,可列舉:布製品或紙製品等纖維製品、石材、過濾器(例如,靜電過濾器)、防塵罩、燃料電池的構件(例如,氣體擴散電極及氣體擴散支撐體)、玻璃、木、皮革、毛皮、石棉、磚、水泥、金屬及氧化物、窯業製品、塑膠、塗裝面及石膏(plaster)等。其中,為了使含在本揭示的耐油劑所包含之聚合物(A)良好地附著(物理性或化學鍵合)於紙基材,用本揭示的耐油劑處理之基材係以紙製品為佳。亦即,本揭示的耐油劑適合應用作為紙製品用耐油劑。
紙製品之例可列舉:由牛皮紙漿或硫化紙漿等之漂白或未漂白的化學紙漿,碎木漿、機械漿或熱磨機械漿(thermomechanical pulp)等之漂白或未漂白的高產率紙漿,舊報紙、舊雜誌紙、舊紙板或脫墨舊紙等舊紙漿等所形成的紙;紙製容器、紙製成形體等。紙製品的具體例有:食品用包裝紙、食品用容器、石膏板原紙、塗佈原紙、中等品質紙、一般裱紙和芯紙、中性純白捲紙、中性裱紙、防銹裱紙及金屬襯紙、牛皮紙、中性印刷書寫用紙、中性塗佈原紙、中性
PPC用紙、中性感熱用紙、中性感壓原紙、中性噴墨用紙及中性資訊用紙、模塑紙(模塑容器)等。因為本揭示的耐油劑之耐油性優良,故適合應用於食品用途(食品用包裝材或食品用容器)。
耐油劑可藉由任何已知的以液體處理纖維製品用的方法而應用於纖維狀基材。處理可為外部添加處理,也可為內部添加處理。纖維製品為布時,可將布浸泡在溶液,也可將溶液附著或噴霧在布上。纖維製品為紙時,可係塗佈於紙,或是可使溶液附著或噴霧於紙,或者,也可以是與抄製之前的紙漿漿液混合而進行處理。耐油劑可應用在預先形成的纖維製品(特別是紙、布等),或者亦可應用在造紙的各種階段中,例如,可應用在紙的乾燥期間。耐油劑可藉由清潔(cleaning)方法而應用於纖維製品,例如可應用於洗滌或以乾洗等而應用於纖維製品。
就紙用耐油劑之量而言,在內部添加中,相對於聚合物(A)的固形分量為紙漿100重量份,紙用耐油劑之量可係成為0.1重量份以上、0.5%重量份以上、1重量份以上、5重量份以上、10重量份以上、20重量份以上或30重量份以上之量。相對於聚合物(A)的固形分量為紙漿100重量份,紙用耐油劑之量可係成為80重量份以下、60%重量份以下、40重量份以下、20重量份以下或10重量份以下之量。在外部添加中,耐油層所含的聚合物(A)之量可為0.01g/m2以上、0.03g/m2以上、0.05g/m2以上、0.10g/m2以上、0.30g/m2以上或0.50g/m2以上。耐油層所含的聚合物(A)之量可為5g/m2以下、3g/m2以下、2g/m2以下、1.5g/m2以下、0.30g/m2以下或0.50g/m2以下。
將聚合物(A)溶液(或耐油劑)(濃度14.8mg/mL)用設定成0mil的貝克式塗佈器(Baker applicator)塗佈在紙密度為0.58g/cm3的基重45g/
m2之紙的原紙,並乾燥,重複進行前述操作3次,並以70℃進行退火(annealing)10分鐘,藉此製作成的處理紙之透氣度係200s/100cc以上、300s/100cc以上、500s/100cc以上、700s/100cc以上,或者為較佳的1,000s/100cc以上。因為處理紙的透氣度為上述值以上,故可阻塞纖維間的空隙,而尤其能夠提高耐油性。
以上雖然說明了實施型態,但應理解為在不脫離申請專利範圍之主旨及範圍的情況下可就形態和細節作各種的改變。
〔實施例〕
其次,列舉實施例以具體地說明本揭示。但是,本揭示並不侷限於此等實施例所說明者。
以下所使用的試驗方法係如下述。
〔處理紙的作成〕
調製重量比率為60重量%和40重量%的LBKP(闊葉木漂白牛皮紙漿)和NBKP(針葉木漂白牛皮紙漿),而且紙漿的濾水度為400ml(加拿大標準游離度,Canadian Standard Freeness)的紙漿漿料,以作為木材紙漿,在此漿料中加入濕潤紙力劑和上漿劑,並藉由長網造紙機,將紙密度0.58g/cm3的基重45g/m2之紙使用作為外部添加處理(施膠(size press)處理)的原紙。此原紙的耐油性(KIT值)為0、耐水性(Cobb值)為52g/m2。對於此原紙,將下述實施例或比較例所規定的聚合物濃度為14.9mg/cm3之聚合物溶液以間隙設定為0mil的貝克式塗佈器進行塗佈,並乾燥,重複進行前述操作3次上,,並以70℃退火10分鐘,藉此作成處理紙。
〔KIT試驗(耐油性)〕
以3M套組(3M KIT)測試(TAPPI T-559cm-02)進行測定。3M套組測試法係將調配有蓖麻油、甲苯和庚烷的試驗油放在處理紙的表面,而在15秒後擦拭試驗油時,依據是否有對處理紙造成油污來進行評估。使用套組編號1至6的試驗油進行試驗,並將未觀察到污漬的最大套組編號作為耐油性之評估結果。
〔撥液性(靜態接觸角)〕
撥液性係將下述實施例或比較例中所規定的聚合物濃度1.0%之氯仿溶液旋轉塗佈在貼附有玻璃紙膜的玻璃基板上,測定靜態接觸角。靜態接觸角係將2μL的十六烷(HD)滴至塗膜,並測定滴附1秒後的接觸角而得。
〔透氣度〕
使用安田精機製作所股份有限公司製造的自動GURLEY式透氣度試驗機(gurley-type-densometer)(產品編號323-AUTO,通氣孔徑直徑28.6±0.1mm),依據JIS P8117(2009)而測定處理紙的透氣度(阻氣度(air resistance))。
(實施例1)
在具備回流冷卻器及導氮管的反應容器中,加入攪拌子、聚乙烯醇(皂化度87.8莫耳%、羥基含有率87.8莫耳%)0.98g,在80℃中進行減壓乾燥1小時。加入甲苯60mL、異氰酸十八烷酯5.9g(相對於重複單元的OH為115莫耳%),在75℃中攪拌1小時。然後,回到室溫,加入二月桂酸二丁基錫0.1g。將溫度變更為120℃,攪拌20小時。將反應容器冷卻至室溫,將反應混合液滴入甲醇中,使固體析出。將抽氣過濾而析出的固體回收,用甲醇洗淨1次,用丙酮洗淨1次。使用氯仿作為良溶劑、甲醇作為貧溶劑,將回收的固體進行再沉澱,獲得聚乙烯醇經異氰酸十八烷酯修飾的聚合物。使用此聚合物,進行撥液性、KIT試驗、透氣度的評估。將結果呈示於表1中。
(實施例2)
除了將添加的異氰酸十八烷酯量變更為3.0g(相對於重複單元的OH為57莫耳%),並將反應溶劑變更為二甲基亞碸以外,進行和實施例1相同的反應、處理。將結果呈示於表1中。
(實施例3)
在具備回流冷卻器及導氮管的反應容器中,加入攪拌子、乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物(乙烯含有率38莫耳%、羥基含有率62莫耳%)0.76g,在80℃中進行減壓乾燥1小時。加入二甲基亞碸45mL、異氰酸十八烷酯3.7g(相對於重複單元的OH為100莫耳%),在75℃中攪拌1小時。然後,回到室溫,加入二月桂酸二丁基錫0.1g。將溫度變更為140℃,攪拌20小時。將反應容器冷卻至室溫,將反應混合液滴入甲醇中,使固體析出。將抽氣過濾而析出的固體回收,用甲醇洗淨1次,用丙酮洗淨1次。使用氯仿作為良溶劑、甲醇作為貧溶劑,將回收的固體再沉澱,獲得乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物經異氰酸十八烷酯修飾的聚合物。使用此聚合物,進行撥液性、KIT試驗、透氣度的評估。將結果呈示於表1中。
(實施例4)
除了將添加的異氰酸十八烷酯量變更為1.8g(相對於重複單元的OH為50莫耳%)以外,進行和實施例3相同的反應、處理。將結果呈示於表1中。
(實施例5)
在具備回流冷卻器及導氮管的反應容器中,加入攪拌子、聚乙烯醇(皂化度87.8莫耳%、羥基含有率87.8莫耳%)0.98g,在80℃中進行減壓乾燥1小時。加入二甲基亞碸30mL,並使其在80℃中溶解之後,加入硬脂酸乙烯酯6.2g(相對於重複單元的OH為115莫耳%)、乙酸鈉0.002g,在80℃中攪拌48小時。
將反應容器冷卻至室溫,將反應混合液滴入甲醇中,使固體析出。將抽氣過濾而析出的固體回收,用甲醇洗淨1次,用丙酮洗淨1次。使用氯仿作為良溶劑、甲醇作為貧溶劑,將回收的固體進行再沉澱,獲得聚乙烯醇經硬脂酸乙烯酯修飾的聚合物。使用此聚合物,進行撥液性、KIT試驗、透氣度的評估。將結果呈示於表1中。
(實施例6)
除了將添加的硬脂酸乙烯酯量變更為3.1g(相對於重複單元的OH為57莫耳%)以外,進行和實施例5相同的反應、處理。將結果呈示於表1中。
(實施例7)
除了將聚乙烯醇變更為乙烯-乙烯醇聚合物(乙烯含有率38莫耳%、羥基含有率62莫耳%)、硬脂酸乙烯酯6.2g變更為5.0g(相對於重複單元的OH為100莫耳%)以外,進行和實施例5相同的反應、處理。將結果呈示於表1中。
(實施例8)
除了將聚乙烯醇變更為乙烯-乙烯醇聚合物(乙烯含有率38莫耳%)、硬脂酸乙烯酯6.2g變更為2.5g(相對於重複單元的OH為50莫耳%)以外,進行和實施例5相同的反應、處理。將結果呈示於表1中。
(比較例1)
使用聚乙烯醇(皂化度87.8莫耳%),評估撥液性、KIT試驗、透氣度。將結果呈示於表1中。
Claims (14)
- 一種耐油劑,其係包含聚合物(A),該聚合物(A)係對具有選自由羥基及胺基所組成之群組中的至少一種之聚合物(a1)用碳數1至40的脂肪族烴基(a2)修飾而成者。
- 如請求項1所述之耐油劑,其中,前述脂肪族烴基(a2)的碳數係7以上。
- 如請求項1或2所述之耐油劑,其中,前述聚合物(a1)和前述脂肪族烴基(a2)係以選自由胺酯鍵、脲鍵、酯鍵、醯胺鍵及醚鍵所組成之群組中的至少一種鍵而鍵結。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項所述之耐油劑,其中,前述聚合物(a1)係選自由聚乙烯醇、乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物、乙酸乙烯酯-乙烯醇共聚物、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯-乙烯醇共聚物、聚乙烯胺及乙烯胺-乙烯醇共聚物所組成之群組中的至少一種。
- 如請求項1至4中任一項所述之耐油劑,其中,前述聚合物(a1)的所有重複單元中之乙烯醇單元及乙烯胺單元的合計量係40莫耳%以上。
- 如請求項1至5中任一項所述之耐油劑,其中,相對於前述聚合物(a1)具有的烴基及胺基之合計量,前述聚合物(A)中之前述脂肪族烴基(a2)的修飾率係25莫耳%以上100莫耳%以下。
- 如請求項1至6中任一項所述之耐油劑,其中,聚合物(A)係非氟聚合物。
- 如請求項1至7中任一項所述之耐油劑,係進一步包含水、有機溶劑、或水和有機溶劑的混合物之分散液或溶液。
- 如請求項1至8中任一項所述之耐油劑,係進一步包含選自由多醣類、紙力強化劑、凝聚劑、產率提升劑及凝結劑所組成之群組中的至少一種。
- 如請求項1至9中任一項所述之耐油劑,該耐油劑用於紙製品。
- 如請求項10所述之耐油劑,其中,前述紙製品係食品用包裝材或食品用容器。
- 一種紙製品,係經請求項1至11中任一項所述之耐油劑處理的紙製品。
- 如請求項12所述之紙製品,係食品用包裝材或食品用容器。
- 一種耐油劑,其係包含聚合物(A),該聚合物(A)係對具有選自由羥基及胺基所組成之群組中的至少一種之聚合物(a1)用碳數1至40的脂肪族烴基(a2)修飾而成者;其中,前述聚合物(a1)和前述脂肪族烴基(a2)係以酯鍵而鍵結。
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