TW201736101A - 複合體及其製備方法 - Google Patents
複合體及其製備方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201736101A TW201736101A TW105112735A TW105112735A TW201736101A TW 201736101 A TW201736101 A TW 201736101A TW 105112735 A TW105112735 A TW 105112735A TW 105112735 A TW105112735 A TW 105112735A TW 201736101 A TW201736101 A TW 201736101A
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- Prior art keywords
- plastic
- metal
- inorganic non
- bonding layer
- metal member
- Prior art date
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 53
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
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- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N CuO Inorganic materials [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910010038 TiAl Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010165 TiCu Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910008599 TiW Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO Inorganic materials [Zr]=O GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
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- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- LLLVZDVNHNWSDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylidene-3,5-dioxabicyclo[5.2.2]undeca-1(9),7,10-triene-2,6-dione Chemical compound C1(C2=CC=C(C(=O)OC(=C)O1)C=C2)=O LLLVZDVNHNWSDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002973 irritant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一種複合體，其包括無機非金屬件、與該無機非金屬件相連接的塑膠件、及位於該無機非金屬件與塑膠件之間用於將該無機非金屬件與塑膠件結合在一起的結合層，該結合層具有一結合於所述塑膠件的第一表面，該第一表面具有凹凸不平的結構和/或多孔的結構。另，本發明還提供一種上述複合體的製備方法。
Description
本發明涉及一種複合體及其製備方法，尤其涉及一種無機非金屬件與塑膠件的複合體及該複合體的製備方法。
玻璃、陶瓷、藍寶石等硬質無機非金屬材料因具有獨特的質感與特性而被廣泛應用於3C電子產品等產品的外觀件及結構件中。然，非金屬材料因韌性及延展性差而無法設計成可與其它部件結合的卡扣結構，故，無機非金屬件一般需要先與塑膠件結合，借助於塑膠件形成可與其它部件結合的結構件或外觀件。
目前，無機非金屬件與塑膠件的結合方法通常為黏接法和機械法。黏接法是指利用膠黏劑作為中間的介面材料，將無機非金屬件與塑膠件結合於一體的方法，然，黏接法雖然可以實現無機非金屬件與塑膠件之間的連接，但其存在以下缺點：黏結強度不夠高，其結合力一般小於10兆帕（MPa）；難以自動化，受操作者熟練程度影響；工作溫度受膠黏劑性能影響，一般只能在-50攝氏度（℃）~100℃的溫度範圍內正常工作；在環境光、熱、濕氣等因素下，膠黏劑會產生老化斷裂等現象；大部分膠黏劑有毒，操作過程中會散發有刺激性的氣體，危害人體健康；無法對無機非金屬件的結構複雜和/或尺寸小的部位進行黏結。所述機械法是指藉由結構設計將無機非金屬件嵌入塑膠件中的方法，機械法雖也可以實現無機非金屬件與塑膠件之間的連接，但不適用於結構複雜的無機非金屬件與塑膠件的結合。
有鑑於此，有必要提供一種新的無機非金屬件與塑膠件的複合體，以解決上述問題。
另，還有必要提供一種上述複合體的製備方法。
一種複合體，其包括無機非金屬件、與該無機非金屬件相連接的塑膠件、及位於該無機非金屬件與塑膠件之間用於將該無機非金屬件與塑膠件結合在一起的結合層，該結合層具有一結合於所述塑膠件的第一表面，該第一表面具有凹凸不平的結構及多孔的結構中的一種或兩種。
一種複合體的製備方法，其包括如下步驟：
提供無機非金屬件；
在所述無機非金屬件的表面形成結合層，該結合層具有一遠離所無機非金屬件的第一表面；
對所述第一表面進行表面處理，在該第一表面上形成凹凸不平的結構及多孔的結構中一種或兩種，得到中間體；
提供一注塑成型模具，將所述中間體置於該注塑成型模具內，注塑塑膠於該中間體上以形成塑膠件，該塑膠件結合於所述結合層的第一表面上。
所述複合體藉由在無機非金屬件的表面形成結合層，並在結合層的第一表面形成凹凸不平的結構和/或多孔結構，然後藉由注塑成型的方法在該第一表面上形成塑膠件。該第一表面上的凹凸不平的結構和/或多孔的結構不僅可以提高塑膠件與結合層之間的結合面積，還可以使塑膠件與結合層在結合過程中產生機械咬合，從而有效的提高塑膠件與結合層之間的結合力，進而提高複合體中的無機非金屬件與塑膠件之間的結合力。
圖1為本發明較佳實施方式的複合體的剖視示意圖。
圖2為本發明較佳實施方式的中間體的剖視示意圖。
圖3為本發明較佳實施方式的結合層的第一表面的掃描電鏡圖。
圖4為本發明較佳實施方式的注塑成型模具內注塑形成結合於中間體的塑膠件的示意圖。
請參閱圖1，本發明一較佳實施方式的複合體100，其可以為電子產品的外殼，也可為建築用件、醫療器件及汽車等交通工具的零部件等。該複合體100包括無機非金屬件10、與該無機非金屬件10相連接的塑膠件30、及位於該無機非金屬件10與塑膠件30之間用於將所述無機非金屬件10與塑膠件30結合在一起的結合層20。
所述無機非金屬件10的材質為玻璃、陶瓷、藍寶石等硬質無機非金屬材料。
請進一步參閱圖2~3，所述結合層20具有一第一表面21。該第一表面21具有凹凸不平的結構和/或多孔的結構。所述塑膠件30結合於該第一表面21上，該塑膠件30部分填充於該凹凸不平的結構和/或多孔的結構內。該凹凸不平的結構和/或多孔的結構不僅可以提高塑膠件30與結合層20之間的結合面積，還可以使塑膠件30與結合層20在結合過程中產生機械咬合，從而有效的提高塑膠件30與結合層20之間的結合力。當該第一表面21具有凹凸不平的結構時，該第一表面21的粗糙度Ra的範圍優選為1納米（nm）~1微米（µm）。當該第一表面21具有多孔的結構的時候，該孔的孔徑範圍優選為10nm~50µm。該結合層20的厚度優選為1nm~1mm。可以理解，該粗糙度範圍、孔徑範圍及結合層20的厚度可以為任意的其它數值，只要有利於結合層20與塑膠件30結合在一起即可。
所述結合層20可以僅包括一個薄膜層，也可以同時包括多個依次層疊在一起的薄膜層。該結合層20可採用習知的薄膜形成方法形成於所述無機非金屬件10的表面。該結合層20的第一表面21上的凹凸不平的結構和多孔的結構可以為薄膜形成過程中形成的，或者凹凸不平的結構和多孔的結構是薄膜形成後對薄膜進行表面粗化處理或表面成孔處理後形成。該薄膜形成方法可以為化學沉積、濺鍍、蒸鍍、電鍍、印刷燒附、噴塗、溶膠-凝膠等習知的薄膜形成方法。該表面粗糙化處理或表面成孔處理可以為化學蝕刻、電化學蝕刻、鐳射等本領域習知的表面粗糙化或表面成孔的方法。
所述結合層20的材質包括但不限於金屬單質、合金、金屬氧化物、金屬碳化物及金屬氮化物中的一種或幾種。所述金屬單質包括但不限於Ti、Ni、Al、Ag、Pd、Au、Cu、Cr、Zr中的一種或幾種。所述合金包括但不限於TiAl、 TiW、TiCu、NiCr、NiW中的一種或幾種。所述金屬氧化物包括但不限於TiO2
、Al2
O3
、CuO、ZrO2
中的一種或幾種。所述金屬碳化物包括但不限於TiC、Cr4
C3
、ZrC、WC中的一種或幾種。所述金屬氮化物包括但不限於AlN、TiN、Cr2
N中的一種或幾種。
所述塑膠件30以模內注塑的方式結合於所述結合層20的第一表面21。該塑膠件30的主要材質為塑膠，該塑膠可以為具有高流動的結晶型熱塑性塑膠，如聚苯硫醚（PPS）塑膠、聚醯胺（PA）塑膠、聚對苯二甲酸丁二醇酯（PBT）塑膠、聚碳酸酯（PC）、對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）塑膠等。可以理解的，為了提高該塑膠件20的耐衝擊性、耐熱性及其它的機械性能，還可於該塑膠中添加玻璃纖維或碳纖維等增強材料。優選的，該增強材料為玻璃纖維。該玻璃纖維的添加還可以縮小結合層20與塑膠件30之間的膨脹係數，可有效防止塑膠件30發生收縮、翹起或脫落，進而提高塑膠件30與結合層20之間的結合力，進而提高該塑膠件30與無機非金屬件10之間的結合力。
可以理解，所述結合層20可覆蓋所述無機非金屬件10的整個表面，也可僅覆蓋所述無機非金屬件10的局部表面。所述結合層20可覆蓋所述塑膠件30的整個表面，也可僅覆蓋所述塑膠件30的局部表面。
請結合參閱圖1至4，一種上述複合體100的製備方法，其包括如下步驟：
步驟S1：提供無機非金屬件10，該無機非金屬件10的材質為玻璃、陶瓷、藍寶石等硬質無機非金屬材料。
步驟S2：對所述無機非金屬件10進行表面預處理。
該表面預處理可以為習知的脫脂除油處理，以去除該無機非金屬件10表面的油脂等污垢，使該無機非金屬件10的表面清潔。該脫脂除油處理的工藝為：使用清洗劑對該無機非金屬件10進行超聲波清洗。該清洗劑為酒精、丙酮等常規用於去除油脂的清洗劑。該超聲波清洗的時間為2~10min。
步驟S3：在所述無機非金屬件10的表面形成一結合層20。該結合層20包括至少一個薄膜層。該薄膜層的材質包括但不限於金屬單質、合金、金屬氧化物、金屬碳化物及金屬氮化物中的一種或幾種。該結合層20具有一遠離所無機非金屬件10的第一表面21。該結合層20的厚度範圍優選為1nm~1mm。
在一實施方式中，採用濺鍍的方法形成所述薄膜層。該濺鍍的工藝為：將經表面預處理後的無機非金屬件10放入等離子輔助沉積鍍膜機的鍍膜室中，遮蔽無機非金屬件10的不需要形成結合層20的表面，裝入鈦靶作為靶材，將該鍍膜室抽真空至真空度為1.0×10-4
Pa；持續通入氬氣作為工作氣體，該氬氣的流量為30-50sCCm(標準毫升每分)；開啟鍍膜機的電源，對無機非金屬件10未被遮蔽的表面進行濺鍍。該鈦靶的功率為500~800W ，濺鍍的時間可為5~120分鐘。
可以理解，還可以採用習知的化學沉積、蒸鍍、印刷燒附、噴塗、溶膠-凝膠等薄膜形成方法在所述無機非金屬件10的表面形成所述結合層20。
步驟S4：對所述結合層20的第一表面21進行表面粗糙化處理和/或表面成孔處理，以使該第一表面21具有凹凸不平的結構和/或多孔的結構，得到一中間體200。當該第一表面21具有凹凸不平的結構時，該第一表面21的粗糙度Ra的範圍優選為1納米（nm）~1微米（µm）。當該第一表面21具有多孔的結構的時候，該孔的孔徑範圍優選為10nm~50µm。
在一實施方式中，採用電化學蝕刻的方法對該第一表面21進行表面粗糙化處理和/或表面成孔處理。該電化學蝕刻的具體工藝為：將所述結合有結合層20的無機非金屬件10浸入電解液中進行電化學蝕刻，該電解液包括但不限於硫酸溶液、鹽酸溶液、磷酸溶液及硝酸溶液中的一種或幾種，該電解液中氫離子（H+
）的摩爾濃度為0.1~5mol/L，該電化學蝕刻的電流為0.1~3安培每平方分米（A/dm2
），處理時間1~20min。
可以理解，還可以採用化學蝕刻、鐳射等本領域習知的表面粗糙化處理或表面成孔處理的方法對所述第一表面21進行表面粗糙化處理和/或表面成孔處理，以在該第一表面21上形成凹凸不平的結構和/或多孔的結構。
步驟S5：請進一步參閱圖4，提供一注塑成型模具300，將所述中間體200置於該注塑成型模具300中。該注塑成型模具300包括上模301及下模302。上模301設置有若干澆口3011及一第一模穴3012，該第一模穴3012用於形成所述塑膠件30。下模302形成有可容置所述中間體200的第二模穴3021。將所述中間體200置於該第二模穴3021中，經由若干澆口3011注塑塑膠於第一模穴3012中，冷卻後即形成塑膠件30，製得所述複合體100。其中，該塑膠件30部分填充於所述結合層20的第一表面21的凹凸不平的結構和/或多孔的結構內。
對所述複合體100進行剪切強度測試，測試結果表明所述複合體100中無機非金屬件10與塑膠件30之間的結合強度大於20MPa。
本發明的複合體100藉由在無機非金屬件10的表面形成結合層20，並在結合層20的第一表面21形成凹凸不平的結構和/或多孔的結構，然後藉由注塑成型的方法在該第一表面21上形成塑膠件30。該第一表面21上的凹凸不平的結構和/或多孔的結構不僅可以提高塑膠件30與結合層20之間的結合面積，還可以使塑膠件30與結合層20在結合過程中產生機械咬合，從而有效的提高塑膠件30與結合層20之間的結合力，進而提高複合體100中的無機非金屬件10與塑膠件30之間的結合力，使複合體100的無機非金屬件10與塑膠件30之間具有較高的結合強度。
另，對於本領域的普通技術人員來說，可以根據本發明的技術構思做出其它各種相應的改變與變形，而所有這些改變與變形都應屬於本發明申請專利範圍的保護範圍。
100‧‧‧複合體
10‧‧‧無機非金屬件
20‧‧‧結合層
21‧‧‧第一表面
30‧‧‧塑膠件
200‧‧‧中間體
300‧‧‧注塑成型模具
301‧‧‧上模
3011‧‧‧澆口
3012‧‧‧第一模穴
302‧‧‧下模
3021‧‧‧第二模穴
無
100‧‧‧複合體
10‧‧‧無機非金屬件
20‧‧‧結合層
21‧‧‧第一表面
30‧‧‧塑膠件
Claims (10)
- 一種複合體，其改良在於，該複合體包括無機非金屬件、與該無機非金屬件相連接的塑膠件、及位於該無機非金屬件與塑膠件之間用於將該無機非金屬件與塑膠件結合在一起的結合層，該結合層具有一結合於所述塑膠件的第一表面，該第一表面具有凹凸不平的結構及多孔的結構中的一種或兩種。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的複合體，其中，所述塑膠件部分填充於該凹凸不平的結構及多孔的結構內。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的複合體，其中，所述無機非金屬件的材質為玻璃、陶瓷或藍寶石。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的複合體，其中，所述結合層包括至少一薄膜層，該結合層的材質選自金屬單質、合金、金屬氧化物、金屬碳化物及金屬氮化物中的一種或幾種。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項所述的複合體，其中，所述金屬單質選自Ti、Ni、Al、Ag、Pd、Au、Cu、Cr、Zr中的一種或幾種；所述合金選自TiAl、TiW、TiCu、NiCr、NiW中的一種或幾種；所述金屬氧化物選自TiO2 、Al2 O3 、CuO、ZrO2 中的一種或幾種；所述金屬碳化物選自TiC、Cr4 C3 、ZrC、WC中的一種或幾種；所述金屬氮化物選自AlN、TiN、Cr2 N中的一種或幾種。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的複合體，其中，所述塑膠件的材質為結晶型熱塑性塑膠，該結晶型熱塑性塑膠為聚苯硫醚塑膠、聚醯胺塑膠、聚對苯二甲酸丁二醇酯塑膠或聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯塑膠。
- 如申請專利範圍第6項所述的複合體，其中，所述結晶型熱塑性塑膠中添加有玻璃纖維及碳纖維中的一種或兩種。
- 一種如申請專利範圍第1至7項中任意一項所述的複合體的製備方法，其包括如下步驟：
提供無機非金屬件；
在所述無機非金屬件的表面形成結合層，該結合層具有一遠離所無機非金屬件的第一表面；
對所述第一表面進行表面處理，在該第一表面上形成凹凸不平的結構及多孔的結構中一種或兩種，得到中間體；
提供一注塑成型模具，將所述中間體置於該注塑成型模具內，注塑塑膠於該中間體上以形成塑膠件，該塑膠件結合於所述結合層的第一表面上。 - 如申請專利範圍第8項所述的複合體的製備方法，其中，所述形成結合層的方法為化學沉積、濺鍍、蒸鍍、印刷燒附、噴塗或溶膠-凝膠。
- 如申請專利範圍第8項所述的複合體的製備方法，其中，所述表面處理包括表面粗糙化處理及表面成孔處理中的一種或兩種，該表面處理為化學蝕刻、電化學蝕刻或鐳射。
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| TWI692684B (zh) * | 2017-11-16 | 2020-05-01 | 大陸商比亞迪股份有限公司 | 一種電子裝置的殼體及其製備方法和電子裝置 |
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| CN109910226B (zh) * | 2017-12-12 | 2021-05-14 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 金属基体的表面处理方法和金属基体及金属树脂复合体及其制造方法 |
| TWI645978B (zh) * | 2017-12-13 | 2019-01-01 | 財團法人工業技術研究院 | 異質複合結構 |
| JP7215163B2 (ja) * | 2017-12-28 | 2023-01-31 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 金属－繊維強化樹脂材料複合体 |
| CN110271136A (zh) * | 2018-03-15 | 2019-09-24 | 深圳市裕展精密科技有限公司 | 非导体材料与树脂的复合体及其制备方法 |
| CN109016332B (zh) * | 2018-07-12 | 2020-08-25 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | 无机非金属与塑料的结合体及其制备方法 |
| CN111216305A (zh) * | 2018-11-23 | 2020-06-02 | 华孚精密科技(马鞍山)有限公司 | 金属与塑胶结合方法及其产品 |
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| TWI692684B (zh) * | 2017-11-16 | 2020-05-01 | 大陸商比亞迪股份有限公司 | 一種電子裝置的殼體及其製備方法和電子裝置 |
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