TW201531560A - 一種捲曲乳桿菌(lactobacillus crispatus)及其應用 - Google Patents
一種捲曲乳桿菌(lactobacillus crispatus)及其應用 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201531560A TW201531560A TW103138792A TW103138792A TW201531560A TW 201531560 A TW201531560 A TW 201531560A TW 103138792 A TW103138792 A TW 103138792A TW 103138792 A TW103138792 A TW 103138792A TW 201531560 A TW201531560 A TW 201531560A
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- lactobacillus
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Abstract
本發明揭示一種捲曲乳桿菌(Lactobacillus crispatus)262-1及包含該菌株之菌劑及其應用,該捲曲乳桿菌262-1為捲曲乳桿菌屬之新菌株,在中國微生物菌種寄存管理委員會普通微生物中心之寄存編號為CGMCC No.6469,具體之該捲曲乳桿菌262-1為陰道之優勢菌,具有較強的產酸、產H2O2能力、及與陰道上皮細胞黏附之能力,抵抗細菌性陰道病及各種陰道感染效果顯著,且安全無毒、穩定性好、可長期保存。本發明還涉及其用途,其用於製備預防及/或治療婦科疾病之藥物中,可應用於婦女保健產品,例如醫療器械、消毒產品或者化妝品。
Description
本發明係關於一種乳桿菌屬之新菌株及其應用,具體係關於一種捲曲乳桿菌(Lactobacillus crispatus),其在調節陰道微環境、抑制陰道加德納菌(BV致病菌)的同時,具有明顯抑制白色念珠菌及病原菌之作用,在應用於製備治療臨床最為常見之細菌性陰道炎合併真菌感染的藥物及日常婦女保健產品上具有巨大優勢及潛力。
健康婦女陰道內存在多種微生物,其與宿主、環境之間構成了相互制約、相互協調、動態平衡之陰道微生態系統。健康婦女之陰道菌群主要由乳桿菌構成,包括捲曲乳桿菌、詹氏乳桿菌及格氏乳桿菌等。正常情況下乳桿菌對陰道可起保護作用,而以乳桿菌佔優勢的陰道微生態之紊亂可能導致陰道炎。
細菌性陰道病(BV)之發生係由於陰道菌群失調,寄主自身之乳桿菌減少而導致其他條件性病原微生物如加德納菌、各種厭氧菌、彎曲弧菌等的大量繁植,BV實際上為以加德納菌為主之一種混合感染。應用抗生素治療,雖然可暫時緩解BV的症狀,但亦使本已減少之乳桿菌進一步減少,加重陰道微生態失調,從而使BV反覆復發。如何控制復發、澈底根治細菌性陰道病為婦產科醫生亟需解決之棘手問題。
同樣,由於女性陰道為非常易感染之地方,生活中很多女性使用婦科消毒產品、護理產品及保養產品來預防疾病、保持衛生或保養,
然而亦經常出現各種各樣的問題。正常情況下,陰道內生存著大量對人有益之桿菌,其將陰道表皮細胞中貯存之糖元分解成乳酸,以維持陰道之酸度,構成一道防禦致病菌在陰道內繁殖之天然防線。使用消毒劑沖洗或坐浴浸泡可能破壞陰道之防禦功能,各種致病菌乘虛而入,在陰道內大量繁殖而引起多種婦科疾病。對於陰部用化妝品,同樣存在上述問題,如果護理不當,很容易變成細菌滋生之溫床,導致發癢、發炎甚至婦科炎症發生。
另一方面,醫療器械作為近代科學技術之產品己廣泛應用於疾病之預防、診斷、治療、保健及康復過程中,成為現代醫學領域中之重要診療手段。但是,與藥品一樣,使用醫療器械由於受設計因素、材料因素、臨床應用因素等之影響,亦具有一定風險。在婦科疾病的檢查及診治過程中,如果檢查之器械材料成分欠合理、器械不乾淨或應用人群過於敏感,則會引發感染。因此改善婦科醫療器械之材料、成分、與人體接觸面成分從而增強器械之生物相容性、降低引發感染之概率、保證檢查之安全性顯得尤為重要。
健康婦女陰道內存在多種乳桿菌,具有個體差異性,且乳桿菌各株間抗致病菌能力差異明顯。選擇乳桿菌益生菌時,需要綜合考慮乳桿菌之種類、其產酸、產H2O2能力、及與陰道上皮細胞黏附之能力,其中乳桿菌能否在陰道成功定植為乳桿菌及其以乳桿菌為活性成分之菌劑持續作用的基礎,亦為乳桿菌發揮療效之關鍵因素。研究表明:產H2O2之乳桿菌為健康婦女陰道內之優勢菌,為保護女性陰道免受病原體感染之重要因素,另外乳桿菌代謝產生之酸及一些抗微生物因子亦可有效地抑制其他細菌之生長繁植。目前市面已有製品並非我國婦女陰道優勢菌群,定植能力較差,亦不能維持穩定之活菌含量,不能滿足婦科臨床之需求。
綜上可見,分離篩選適合我國女性陰道健康之菌群,且研究、開
發相應之藥品、保健品、化妝品及醫療器械將對我國女性帶來福音。
本發明要解決之技術問題為提供一種篩選於健康人體、具有活躍穩定之生物學特性、抑菌能力強的捲曲乳桿菌及其應用。
為解決上述技術問題,本發明採用之技術方案為:一種分離之捲曲乳桿菌,該捲曲乳桿菌命名為捲曲乳桿菌(Lactobacillus crispatus)262-1,在中國微生物菌種寄存管理委員會普通微生物中心之寄存編號為CGMCC No.6469。
上述捲曲乳桿菌262-1從中國健康育齡婦女陰道分泌物中篩選得來,已於2012年8月22日寄存於中國微生物菌種寄存管理委員會普通微生物中心(簡稱CGMCC),寄存單位地址為:北京市朝陽區北辰西路1號院3號,中國科學院微生物研究所,寄存登記號為CGMCC No.6469,該菌株之分類命名為捲曲乳桿菌(Lactobacillus crispatus)。
一種分離之DNA分子,該DNA分子提取自上述分離之捲曲乳桿菌262-1 CGMCC No.6469,其鹼基序列借助BLAST程序進行序列相似性比較分析,與GenBank數據庫中捲曲乳桿菌鹼基序列最高同源性分值大於98%。
該捲曲乳桿菌262-1之用途,其用於製備用於抑制陰道致病菌之藥品中。
該捲曲乳桿菌262-1之用途,其用於製備用於預防及/或治療陰道疾病之藥品中。
該捲曲乳桿菌262-1之用途,其用於製備調節陰道菌群平衡之藥品中
該捲曲乳桿菌262-1之用途,其用於製備具有陰道上皮細胞黏附功能之藥品中。
該捲曲乳桿菌262-1之用途,其用於婦科醫療器械中。
所述的捲曲乳桿菌262-1之用途,其用於婦科消毒產品中。
所述的捲曲乳桿菌262-1之用途,其用於女性陰部用化妝品中。
本發明之菌株捲曲乳桿菌(Lactobacillus crispatus)262-1從中國健康育齡婦女陰道分泌物中篩選而來,經大量實驗證明,其具有較強的產酸、產H2O2能力、及與陰道上皮細胞黏附之能力,在上述抑制陰道致病菌之藥品、預防及/或治療陰道疾病之藥品、調節陰道菌群平衡之藥品、具有陰道上皮細胞黏附功能之藥品中及婦科保健產品,如婦科醫療器械、婦科消毒產品、女性陰部用化妝品中,均能發揮其因自身特性而具有之功能。
一種利用上述之捲曲乳桿菌262-1製成的菌劑,該菌劑活性成分為捲曲乳桿菌262-1。
以捲曲乳桿菌262-1為活性成分製成菌劑,該菌劑形態為液態或固態或凝膠態,其中固態菌劑之劑型如膠囊或片劑或粉劑,相應的,該菌劑同樣具有與捲曲乳桿菌262-1相同或相近之各類用途。
採用上述技術方案產生之有益效果在於:(1)本發明之捲曲乳桿菌262-1菌株可長期保存,且抵抗細菌性陰道病及各種陰道感染,包括白色念珠菌性陰道炎、淋病、病毒性陰道炎以及泌尿道感染等。(2)本發明之菌株直接採集於健康人體,具有活躍穩定之生物學特性,無需馴化及復壯製程,直接進入製劑製程即可,製劑凍乾粉4℃條件下保存6個月活菌率高。(3)本發明之菌株及菌劑的活性成分具有抑制加德納菌、阿托波菌、白色念珠菌、金黃色葡萄球菌、大腸埃希氏菌,銅綠假單胞菌及沙門氏菌之作用,與市售對照菌相比較,其陰道上皮細胞黏附力,靈長類陰道定殖之能力更具優勢;在婦科醫療器械、婦科消毒產品、女性陰部用化妝品中有巨大應用潛力。
圖1A、1B分別為本發明之捲曲乳桿菌262-1菌落形態的正面、反
面照片;圖2為本發明之捲曲乳桿菌262-1的革蘭氏染色鏡檢照片;圖3A、3B、3C、3D為本發明之捲曲乳桿菌262-1放大不同倍數的電鏡照片;圖4為本發明之捲曲乳桿菌262-1 T0、T30、T50的16SrDNA基因PCR擴增產物的電泳圖;圖5為本發明之捲曲乳桿菌262-1過氧化氫產生反應0min、5min、10min結果圖片;圖6為本發明之捲曲乳桿菌262-1 T0、T30、T50之菌落形態的正面、反面照片;圖7為本發明之捲曲乳桿菌262-1 T0、T30、T50的革蘭氏染色鏡檢照片;圖8為本發明之捲曲乳桿菌262-1 T0、T30、T50的過氧化氫產生反應0min、5min、10min結果圖片;圖9為本發明之捲曲乳桿菌262-1(左)及德氏乳桿菌(右)對陰道加德納菌的抑菌效果照片;圖10為本發明之捲曲乳桿菌262-1及德氏乳桿菌在不同濃度(OD600分別為0.05、0.1、0.2及0.3)下對阿托波菌的抑菌效果照片,其中各濃度之實驗培養皿中右欄兩個為捲曲乳桿菌262-1抑菌效果照片,左欄一個為德氏乳桿菌抑菌效果照片;圖11為本發明之捲曲乳桿菌262-1(左)及德氏乳桿菌(右)對白色念珠菌的抑菌效果照片;圖12為本發明之捲曲乳桿菌262-1定植恆河猴陰道後恆河猴陰道微生物區部分菌株16SrDNA片段PCR擴增產物的電泳圖;圖13為本發明之捲曲乳桿菌262-1在受試動物定植後檢出捲曲乳桿菌262-1數量,其中縱軸為捲曲乳桿菌262-1之CFU值,橫軸表示各
個動物之5個取樣時間點;第1天代表定植後第1天,以此類推。
本發明之捲曲乳桿菌(Lactobacillus crispatus)262-1,已於2012年8月22日寄存於中國微生物菌種寄存管理委員會普通微生物中心(簡稱CGMCC),寄存單位地址為:北京市朝陽區北辰西路1號院3號,中國科學院微生物研究所,寄存登記號為CGMCC No.6469,該菌株之分類命名為捲曲乳桿菌(Lactobacillus crispatus)。
下述實施例中所使用之實驗方法若無特殊說明,則均為常規方法;所用之材料、試劑等若無特殊說明,則均可從商業途徑得到;T0、T30、T50分別表示第0代、第30代、第50代之捲曲乳桿菌。
細菌培養基配製:
1.捲曲乳桿菌262-1選擇性培養基(Rogosa SL)配製:(1)將瓊脂粉配成溶液,1.5g/100ml去離子水,密封;(2)放入高壓鍋,1.0MPa蒸20分鐘;打開超淨台,紫外線照射20分鐘以上;(3)待高壓鍋無壓力後取出瓊脂溶液,加入乳桿菌選擇性培養基(Rogosa SL Broth)5.97g/100ml瓊脂溶液;(4)加入冰醋酸0.132ml/100ml瓊脂溶液,密封後於微波爐煮沸2.3分鐘;(5)待培養基溫度降至室溫後倒入培養皿,根據培養皿大小約10毫升/個或20毫升/個;(6)步驟(3)-(5)於超淨台內操作。冷卻後成瓊脂狀,標記培養基名稱及配製日期,放於4℃冰箱待用。
2.肉湯固體培養基(MRs)配製:(1)將瓊脂粉配成溶液,1.5g/100ml去離子水;
(2)加入MRS Broth 17.91g/100ml瓊脂溶液,混勻;(3)放入高壓鍋,1.0MPa蒸20分鐘;(4)同上述步驟(5)、(6)。
3.肉湯液體培養基(MRS)配製:(1)將MRS Broth加入去離子水,比例為17.91g/100ml;(2)放入高壓鍋,1.0MPa蒸20分鐘;(3)待高壓鍋無壓力後取出,分裝至EP管中,每個1.0ml。標記培養基名稱及配製日期,放於4℃冰箱待用。
4.過氧化氫(H2O2)鑑定培養基配製:(1)同肉湯固體培養基(MRS)配製步驟(1)至(4);(2)待高壓鍋無壓力後取出,稍冷卻,但仍為液體狀態時於超淨台內加入TMB(終濃度0.25mg/ml)、HRP(終濃度0.01mg/ml),混勻;(3)待培養基溫度降至室溫後倒入培養皿,冷卻後成瓊脂狀,標記培養基名稱及配製日期,放於4℃冰箱待用。
一、捲曲乳桿菌262-1菌群之分離及接種:樣品收集採用美國BD公司之Port.A-Cd系統。用兩個無菌棉拭子採集個體陰道側壁上1/3之分泌物,24小時內以不同濃度接種於裝有配製好之Rogosa SL培養基的培養皿,且標記信息,將培養皿置於厭氧罐中,且放入CO2產氣袋,置於37℃培育箱,培育48h以上。
二、捲曲乳桿菌262-1菌株之純化、增菌培養:按照菌落不同形態(表面、邊緣等)、大小分別計數,形態相同、大小一致者記為一種,接種環挑取單個菌落中少許細菌,按「斜線法」接種至MRS固體培養基以得到分離純化之單菌落;菌牙籤挑取MRS固體培養基上之單菌落少許細菌,接種至MRS液體培養基,置於37℃培育箱,厭氧培養
24h-72h。篩選出新菌株,命名為捲曲乳桿菌(Lactobacillus crispatus)262-1。
一、培養特性、染色鏡檢及形態學特徵:培養後得到之菌落如圖1,菌落呈灰白色圓形,中間飽滿,周圍瀰漫,不規則;取該菌純培養物塗片進行革蘭氏染色,結果如圖2,呈現革蘭氏陽性,短桿裝,可連成長鏈;電鏡分析結果見圖3,電鏡下該菌株無芽孢,無鞭毛,無莢膜,菌株大小為26.824×6.667μm。結果表明:所分離菌株初步判定為乳桿菌屬。
二、16SrDNA基因序列鑑定:以細菌基因組DNA提取套組進行DNA提取,且採用引子對8F(5'-AGA GTT TGATCC TGG CTC AG-3'),926R(5'-CCG TCAATT CCTTTR AGTTT-3'),其中R代表G或A,進行PCR擴增,取PCR產物進行凝膠電泳,確定16SrDNA基因片段,滿意之結果為於950bp處得到單一清晰之PCR產物條帶,見圖4中T0欄,將滿意之PCR產物進行純化及DNA序列測定,採用Sanger測序法,測序引子對為8F/926R,測序儀器ABI3730,通過GenBank數據庫中之BLAST程序進行序列相似性比較分析,根據最高同源性分值大於98%,確定為乳桿菌之種屬。16SrDNA之部分序列見序列表SEQ ID NO:1,8F序列見序列表SEQ ID NO:4,926R序列見序列表SEQ ID NO:5。
三、生理生化特徵:通過七葉苷水解試驗、甲基紅試驗(MR試驗)、乙醯甲基甲醇試驗(VP試驗)、靛基質試驗、三糖鐵試驗、克氏雙糖鐵試驗、尿素酶試驗、苯丙胺酸脫胺酶試驗、胺基酸脫羧酶試驗、明膠液化試驗、丙二酸鈉試驗、檸檬酸鹽實驗(構櫞酸鹽實驗)、硝酸鹽還原試驗、石蕊牛奶試驗、細菌動力試驗測定菌株生理生化反應,獲得如下結果:捲曲乳桿菌菌株262-1能夠水解七葉苷生成葡萄
糖及七葉素;MR試驗呈陽性,說明代謝葡萄糖產生有機酸;VP試驗呈陰性,說明代謝葡萄糖不產生丙酮酸;靛基質試驗試驗結果為該菌不分解蛋白腖中色胺酸而產生吲哚;三糖鐵試驗說明代謝乳糖葡萄糖不產生H2S;克氏雙糖鐵試驗說明代謝乳糖不產生H2S;尿素酶試驗、苯丙胺酸脫胺酶試驗、胺基酸脫羧酶試驗、明膠液化試驗均呈陰性,說明該菌不產生尿素酶、苯丙胺酸脫胺酶、胺基酸脫羧酶、明膠酶;丙二酸鈉試驗、檸檬酸鹽實驗(構櫞酸鹽實驗)、硝酸鹽還原試驗均呈陰性,說明該菌不利用丙二酸鈉作為碳源、不利用構櫞酸鹽作為氮源及碳源、不還原硝酸鹽成亞硝酸鹽;石蕊牛奶試驗發現該菌可使牛奶醱酵但不凝固,說明該菌生長旺盛、不產凝乳酶;細菌動力試驗呈陰性。採用法國梅里埃公司生產之API 50 CHL乳桿菌鑑定系統對菌株進行生化鑑定,鑑定結果為24h、48h時,可使半乳糖、葡萄糖、果糖、甘露糖、N-乙醯-葡糖胺、苦杏仁苷、熊果苷、七葉靈、柳醇、纖維二糖、麥芽糖、乳糖、蔗糖、澱粉醱酵,反應中呈陽性;甘油、赤蘚醇、D-阿拉伯糖、L-阿拉伯糖、核糖、D-木糖、L-木糖、阿東醇、β-甲基-D-木糖苷、山梨糖、鼠李糖、衛茅糖、肌醇、甘露醇、山梨醇、α-甲基-D-甘露糖苷、α-甲基-D-葡萄糖苷、蜜二糖、菊糖、松三糖、木糖醇、攏牛兒糖、D-松二糖、D-來蘇糖、D-塔格糖、D-岩糖、L-岩糖、D-阿拉伯糖醇、L-阿拉伯糖醇、葡萄糖酸鹽、2-酮基-葡萄糖酸鹽、5-酮基-葡萄糖酸鹽不醱酵,反應中呈陰性;海藻糖、棉子糖、糖原呈弱陽性,其中底物空白時反應均為陰性,由此生化圖譜判定菌株生化特性符合捲曲乳桿菌之生化特性。
四、捲曲乳桿菌262-1之寄存
本發明之捲曲乳桿菌(Lactobacillus crispatus)262-1,已於2012年8月22日寄存於中國微生物菌種寄存管理委員會普通微生物中心(簡稱CGMCC),寄存單位地址為:北京市朝陽區北辰西路1號院3號,中國
科學院微生物研究所,寄存登記號為CGMCC No.6469,該菌株之分類命名為捲曲乳桿菌(Lactobacillus crispatus)。
一.捲曲乳桿菌262-1代謝產物中乳酸含量測定:D-乳酸檢測套組測定該菌株D-乳酸之產量,結果測得為6.213g/L;傳感分析儀測得L-乳酸之含量為3.789g/L,結果見下表1中T0組數據。
二.捲曲乳桿菌262-1代謝產物中過氧化氫含量測定:按Mcgroarty等之過氧化物酶法進行過氧化氫半定量測定,將已分離鑑定之捲曲乳桿菌接種於MRS-TMB平板,37℃厭氧培養24h後,取出平板,在空氣中暴露菌體。產H2O2乳桿菌菌落將變為藍色,而不產H2O2菌落不變色,根據變色時間對產生之H2O2進行半定量,結果見圖5,圖中5min時菌落己有微藍色顯現,10min時大量藍色明顯出現,根據表2所示判定標準,該菌株代謝產生過氧化氫,半定量級別為+++級。
以上結果說明本發明捲曲乳桿菌262-1能產生乳酸及過氧化氫,有助於維持陰道微生態平衡。
按照2010年版藥典第三部微生態活菌製品總論中抗生素敏感性試
驗之要求,採用瓊脂擴散紙片法測定菌株對抗生素之敏感性,根據抑菌圈之大小判斷菌株對抗生素敏感性級別,測定結果如下表3,根據藥敏試驗紙片法之抑菌範圍解釋標準判定該捲曲乳桿菌株對滅滴靈(甲硝唑)、慶大黴素、桿菌肽、卡那黴素耐藥,對安比西林、頭孢曲松、氯黴素、克林黴素、亞胺培南、紅黴素、哌拉西林、四環素、阿奇黴素、阿莫西林、萬古黴素敏感,對青黴素、苯唑西林中介。
5隻SPF級昆明種小鼠,每隻小鼠腹腔注射0.3ml新鮮之捲曲乳桿菌262-1懸浮菌液(大於1×109CFU/隻鼠)。按2010版中國藥典要求,每天測量每隻小鼠體重,且觀察、記錄每隻小鼠注射前後之行為及生理等變化。結果顯示7天內所有動物體重均有增加,未見明顯中毒症狀,活動行為無異常,無動物死亡,認為該菌株屬於無毒類菌株。
該實施例從生長特性、形態學、生化特點、代謝物成分、抗生素敏感特性、遺傳特性以及毒性測試各方面對該捲曲乳桿菌菌株262-1進行了傳代30代(T30)、50代(T50)之穩定性考察。
一、捲曲乳桿菌262-1分離純化、菌落形態觀察、染色鏡檢及生化特性檢測方法同實施例1及實施例2之第一部分。結果表明:經過傳代,菌落形態見圖6,可見未發生顯著變化,傳代穩定;革蘭氏染色呈現為革蘭氏陽性桿菌,染色鏡檢照片如圖7所示;生化鑑定24h、48h時結果表明各代生化反應特性一致,符合捲曲乳桿菌之生化特性。以上結果表明:菌株生化特性符合捲曲乳桿菌之生化特性,各代生化反應特性一致。
二、遺傳特性分析:方法同實施例2之第二部分。分別對捲曲乳桿菌262-1之第0代(T0)、第30代(T30)、第50代(T50)菌株進行16SrDNA片段PCR擴增,將PCR擴增產物電泳分析見圖4,目的條帶清晰且單一,大小約為950bp,擴增正確,T0、T30、T50三次PCR擴增結果一致。將T0、T30、T50之PCR擴增產物測序,序列分別見序列表SEQ ID NO:1、SEQ ID NO:2、SEQ ID NO:3。將測得序列使用NCBI中之BLAST工具與GenBank數據庫中之已知序列進行比對分
析,為捲曲乳桿菌。
三、代謝產物測定:方法同實施例3,乳酸測定結果見表1,過氧化氫測定結果見圖8,圖中各代菌落均在5min時己出現少量藍色,10min時大量藍色明顯出現,證明菌株代謝產生過氧化氫,半定量級別為+++級。
四、抗生素敏感試驗:方法同實施例4,採用瓊脂擴散紙片法測定菌株對抗生素之敏感性,根據藥敏試驗紙片法之抑菌範圍解釋標準判定該捲曲乳桿菌株對甲硝唑、慶大黴素、桿菌肽、卡那黴素耐藥,對氯黴素、克林黴素、亞胺培南、紅黴素、哌拉西林、四環素、阿奇黴素敏感,對安比西林、頭孢曲松、青黴素、苯唑西林、阿莫西林、萬古黴素中介,見表3。
五、毒性試驗:方法同實施例5,用小鼠腹腔注射法對該捲曲乳桿菌262-1之T0、T30、T50代菌株進行了毒性測試,其中,測試之濃度>109CFU/隻鼠。結果為:全部受試小鼠7天內均未見中毒症狀,體重均有增加,無動物死亡。根據上述結果,按《新藥藥理、毒理研究技術要求補充說明》,該菌株屬於無毒類菌株。
綜合,該實施例將捲曲乳桿菌262-1用MRS培養基培養多次傳代,從形態學、生化學、代謝物特點及遺傳特性、藥敏特性、毒性試驗等方面探討了傳代繁植對捲曲乳桿菌262-1之影響。結果表明:用MRS培養傳代在50代以內其形態學、生化學、遺傳特性、代謝物及藥敏特性與最初分離菌株一致,傳代穩定。
一、捲曲乳桿菌262-1菌株活體外抑菌實驗
(1)捲曲乳桿菌262-1及德氏乳桿菌活體外抑制陰道加德納菌之實驗:分別接種37℃ 5% CO2培養過夜之捲曲乳桿菌262-1及德氏乳桿菌菌液各5μL於MRS瓊脂平皿上,37℃厭氧培養48h;取陰道加德納
菌100μL,接種於10mL BHI液體培養基中,37℃厭氧培養48h:吸取50ml軟BHI瓊脂加入2.5ml馬血清及1ml加德納菌懸液混合均勻後,吸取5ml,平鋪於培養48h後之乳桿菌MRS瓊脂平板上,分別編號,37℃厭氧培養,直至乳桿菌周圍出現抑菌圈。結果見圖9,其中左圖為捲曲乳桿菌262-1抑菌圈效果,游標卡尺測量抑菌圈直徑為21.68mm,右圖為德氏乳桿菌抑菌圈效果,抑菌直徑為19.32mm,結論為捲曲乳桿菌262-1對陰道加德納菌之抑菌效果強於德式乳桿菌。
(2)捲曲乳桿菌262-1及德氏乳桿菌活體外抑制阿托波菌之實驗:分別點種37℃ 5% CO2培養過夜之捲曲乳桿菌262-1及德氏乳桿菌菌液各5μL於MRS瓊脂平皿上,37℃厭氧培養48h;將37℃厭氧培養好之阿托波菌製備成不同濃度之起始菌懸液,其OD600分別為0.05、0.1、0.2及0.3。蘸取不同濃度之阿托波菌液,均勻塗佈在整個哥倫比亞血瓊脂培養基表面;將培養好之捲曲乳桿菌262-1及德氏乳桿菌,按壓打孔且用鑷子將菌餅取出,倒置在塗佈有阿托波菌之哥倫比亞血瓊脂培養基上,於37℃厭氧培養48h後,觀察記錄抑菌圈。結果見表4及圖10,根據圖片及測量之抑菌圈大小可得如下結論,捲曲乳桿菌262-1對阿托波菌之抑制效果明顯優於德氏乳桿菌;隨著阿托波菌濃度增高,捲曲乳桿菌262-1對其抑制效果基本不變,抑菌圈直徑均為20mm左右;德氏乳桿菌抑菌力隨著阿托波菌濃度增高而降低。
(3)捲曲乳桿菌262-1與德氏乳桿菌活體外抑制白色念珠菌之實驗:點種5μL捲曲乳桿菌262-1及德氏乳桿菌新鮮菌液於MRS瓊脂培養基中。37℃厭氧培養48h:取100μL白色念珠菌新鮮菌懸液於5mL軟
YM瓊脂(0.4%瓊脂,50℃水浴)中混合均勻,傾倒在培養48h之乳桿菌MRS瓊脂上;待其凝固後,於37℃ 5% CO2培養,直至乳桿菌周圍出現抑菌圈。結果見圖11,結論為捲曲乳桿菌262-1對白色念珠菌之抑菌圈明顯且清晰,抑制效果明顯高於德氏乳桿菌。
(4)捲曲乳桿菌262-1與德氏乳桿菌活體外對病原菌金黃色葡萄球菌、大腸埃希氏菌、銅綠假單胞菌及沙門氏菌之抑制作用
研究方法:點種5μL捲曲乳桿菌262-1及德氏乳桿菌新鮮菌液於MRS瓊脂培養基中,37℃ 5% CO2厭氧培養48h;分別取金黃色葡萄球菌、銅綠假單胞菌、沙門氏菌及大腸埃希氏菌新鮮菌懸液100μL,於5mL之營養瓊脂(0.4%瓊脂,50℃水浴)中混合均勻,傾倒在培養48h後之乳桿菌MRS瓊脂培養基上,待凝固後,37℃、5% CO2培養,直至乳桿菌周圍出現抑菌圈。結果見下表5,結論:捲曲乳桿菌262-1對病原菌金黃色葡萄球菌,沙門氏菌及大腸埃希氏菌之抑菌效果均優於德氏乳桿菌;捲曲乳桿菌262-1及德氏乳桿菌對銅綠假單胞菌之抑菌效果最明顯,抑菌圈直徑均大於90mm。
二、細胞黏附力實驗:根據黏附在陰道上皮細胞單細胞層上之乳桿菌個數,確定不同乳桿菌之黏附性能。方法如下:取人類陰道上皮細胞Vk2/E6E7及人類子宮頸癌上皮細胞Hela,將細胞以45萬每孔之密度接種於一個12孔板中,待48小時後VK2/E6E7形成單細胞層;每孔以不同數量之CFU分別加入市售乳桿菌DJS及捲曲乳桿菌262-1,黏附4小時,黏附過程中在震盪器上面輕輕震盪,各組分別設有兩個平行實驗;當黏附結束後,用1ml 0.05% tritonX-100裂解細胞,製成懸浮
菌液,稀釋,分別取100μl菌液均勻地接種於MRS瓊脂培養基平板上;厭氧培養48小時後,統計每個平板之純系數。
結果顯示:捲曲乳桿菌262-1之4h黏附率分別為43.1%及69.4%,市售同類乳桿菌DJS菌株4h黏附率分別為29.2%及26%,捲曲乳桿菌262-1之黏附力高於市售同類乳桿菌DJS菌株。
三、恆河猴陰道定植實驗
選擇5隻健康動物按體重進行分層隨機分組,分成2組,對照組動物2隻(動物編號為1203、1204),實驗組3隻(動物編號為3211、3212、3222)。其中試驗動物為由蘇州西山中科實驗動物有限公司提供之雌性中華恆河猴[Chinese-origin Rhesus macaque(Macaca mulatta)]。試驗方法如下:定植用捲曲乳桿菌262-1製備:稱取捲曲乳桿菌262-1之冷凍乾燥菌粉,使定植量為108CFU/隻鼠。對照使用未加捲曲乳桿菌262-1之空白冷凍乾燥輔料,無菌操作條件下,各加入MRS液體培養基0.7mL,混合均勻,用陰道投與藥器全部吸取後作陰道植入。
定植模型製造及取樣:在可觀察到正常月經週期之猴子月經後,連續5天陰道投與阿奇黴素栓劑(200毫克/隻),再連續5天植入模型製造菌。每週對動物的陰道進行一次觀察,檢查陰道分泌物之顏色,性狀及分泌量且測定陰道分泌物pH,取2支無菌聚酯棉籤取樣,其中一支棉籤用於陰道分泌物清潔度鏡檢,另一支棉籤用於菌群分析。
陰道菌之分離及純化培養:將採集之陰道分泌物,在2mL D-Hanks緩衝液中震盪,以磷酸鹽緩衝液做梯度稀釋,分別塗佈於哥倫比亞血瓊脂、苯乙醇血瓊脂、MRS瓊脂及念珠菌選擇瓊脂板上且在37℃、厭氧條件下培養24-48h。記錄單菌落形態、數量溶血性等信息,重新劃線哥倫比亞血瓊脂平板以得到純化之菌落且進行生化及分子鑑定。
分子生物學方法鑑定(16SrDNA基因序列分析):對所分離純化出
之菌株進行16SrDNA之序列擴增、測序及分析,首先用接種環挑取菌體至含有50μL PrepMan超級樣品製備試劑(Ultra Sample Preparation Reagent)之離心管中,於乾浴加熱器(Dry Block Heater)中100℃裂解15min後放入-20℃冷凍寄存作為DNA模板使用,隨後通用引子對8F/926R擴增16srDNA片段,其序列分別為SEQ ID NO:4、SEQ ID NO:5,其中R代表G或A,以50μL之PCR反應體系加入各試劑,各試劑名稱及體積分別為10×PCR緩衝液5μL、dNTP(10mM)1μL、MgCl2(50mM)0.5μL、Platinum Taq DNA聚合酶(5U)0.2μL、Primer 8F(10μM)1μL、引子926R(10μM)1μL、模板(50ng/μL)1μL、無DNA酶/RNA酶去離子水39.3μL,設置PCR反應條件依次為:94℃預變性2min、94℃變性1min、55℃退火1min、72℃延伸2min、72℃延伸10min,循環數30,進行PCR反應,所得PCR產物通過1%之瓊脂糖凝膠電泳後以紫外分析儀檢測(PCR產物製備之上樣液中己包含染色劑),且保存數據。
將鑑定為16SrDNA片段之PCR擴增產物使用切膠回收法對目的片段純化後進行測序。將測得之16SrDNA基因序列使用NCBI中之BLAST工具與GenBank數據庫中之己知序列進行比對分析,當比對同源性大於或等於98%則鑑定為同一物種。
陰道黏膜及分泌物一般觀察:植入後每週觀察一次,結果發現所有試驗動物陰道黏膜分泌物未發現明顯異常。
陰道分泌物pH值測定:在捲曲乳桿菌262-1植入後,大部分實驗組動物陰道分泌物pH值明顯低於對照組,且相對於植入前明顯下降,pH值測定結果如表6所示。
陰道分泌物清潔度:植入前後相比,對照組陰道雜菌數量明顯增加,清潔度降低;而實驗組在捲曲乳桿菌262-1植入後,陰道分泌物清潔度明顯優於對照組,可見到數量不等之革蘭氏陽性陰道桿菌,清潔度明顯高於對照組。陰道分泌物清潔度判定結果如表7所示。
恆河猴陰道微生物區系:16SrDNA片段經PCR擴增後之產物經1%瓊脂糖凝膠電泳檢測,結果顯示絕大多數菌株成功擴增出1個條帶,且絕大多數樣品之16SrDNA擴增條帶清晰,符合測序要求,部分菌株PCR擴增產物電泳如圖12所示,標記為DL2000,片段大小從大到小依次為2000bp、1000bp、750bp、500bp、250bp、100bp,分析可知16SrDNA片段大小約為950bp。將測得之16SrDNA基因使用NCBI中之BLAST工具與GenBank數據庫中之已知序列進行比對分
析,將比對同源性大於或等於98%者鑑定為同一物種。
經過陰道菌群分析,從實驗組全部3隻動物陰道分泌物中均發現供試捲曲乳桿菌262-1,分離出之供試捲曲乳桿菌262-1的信息如圖13所示。從圖中可看出,受試動物陰道分泌物中均發現供試捲曲乳桿菌262-1,捲曲乳桿菌262-1絕大多數在定植後第8天及以後時間出現,符合規律,且數量均在107CFU/棉籤以上,定植效果非常顯著。因此可看出捲曲乳桿菌262-1在初始定植量為108CFU/隻鼠可成功定植於中華恆河猴陰道內。
四、對小鼠陰道白色念珠菌模型之影響
取清潔級雌性ICR小鼠,利用乳桿菌與白念珠菌在小鼠陰道內共生實驗,觀察該捲曲乳桿菌262-1抗白念珠菌之作用。動物模型製造後陰道灌注菌液及陰道用藥達克寧栓劑,每日1次,共3天。觀察結果:
(1)分別於模型製造後第5日、第10日取陰道灌洗液,做白念珠菌及捲曲乳桿菌262-1之菌落計數,見表8。
結論:三個實驗組(白念珠菌+捲曲乳桿菌262-1,白念珠菌對照組,白念珠菌+達克寧栓劑組)白念珠菌載菌量之變化經方差分析,結果顯示第一時間段(5d)白念珠菌+捲曲乳桿菌262-1組及白念珠菌對照組P>0.05,無統計學差異;白念珠菌+達克寧栓劑組與白念珠菌+捲曲乳桿菌262-1組及白念珠菌對照組均P<0.05,有統計學差異,且白念珠菌+達克寧栓劑組與白念珠菌+捲曲乳桿菌262-1組P=0.033,亦存在
統計學差異。而第二時段(10d)時,白念珠菌+捲曲乳桿菌262-1組與白念珠菌+達克寧栓劑組間無統計學差異,提示該捲曲乳桿菌262-1起到了明顯的抑制白色念珠菌之治療效果。
(2)實驗樣本病理切片作過碘酸雪夫染色(PAS)觀察白色念珠菌特染結果,見表9:
組織病理特染結果提示,白念珠菌+捲曲乳桿菌262-1組與白念珠菌+達克寧栓劑組結果近似。該實驗結果提示該捲曲乳桿菌262-1可作為治療白念珠菌陰道病的輔助手段。
為檢測捲曲乳桿菌262-1在醱酵及凍乾情況下之存活率,將捲曲乳桿菌262-1在pH 6.0之改良MRS培養基中生長,使用1升規模之BioFlo 110醱酵罐(New Brunswick Scientific)醱酵。在穩定期早期收集菌體,其活菌數達到1.0-1.5×109CFU/ml,其活菌占總菌數>90%。通過離心分離收集菌體,用磷酸緩衝液洗滌後,與凍乾保護劑(包括木糖醇,抗壞血酸鹽,α-生育酚,及磷酸鹽緩衝液等)混合。隨後,將混合物置於Virtis Advantage冷凍乾燥機中冷凍乾燥。樣品在-40℃下冷凍1-20小時,隨後在-40℃下真空乾燥2-60小時,再在25℃乾燥10-40小時。乾粉在放入乾燥劑之鋁箔袋分裝,且存儲在4℃及室溫(25℃)。在第0、30及180天通過平板計數及cfu測定分別測定總菌數及活菌數。初始之捲曲乳桿菌262-1每克乾粉含有高達340億活菌(3.4×1010cfu/g),在4℃下具有最佳之儲存穩定性。4℃下儲存6個月後,保留初始活菌數之70.6%,見表10。
(1)取-70℃冰凍液體捲曲乳桿菌262-1種子或原種,接種於30mL MRS液體培養基,5% CO2,37℃培養24h;
(2)取(1)中適量菌液至500ml醱酵培養液,5% CO2,37℃培養24h;
(3)向50L醱酵罐中加入適量醱酵培養液,高壓滅菌20min。
(4)接種菌液於醱酵罐中之醱酵培養液,控制起始菌液之濃度以使OD600值在0.4左右,pH6.0,37℃加適量氮氣,醱酵時間約8-10h。
(5)將醱酵產物離心收集,加入微生物凍乾保護液,製成菌懸液,測定且調整菌濃度在1.0-1.5×109CFU/ml。
(6)將上述菌懸液轉移至冷凍乾燥機之冷凍平板上,啟動冷凍乾燥機,真空乾燥48小時,乾燥結束後,粉碎,裝填膠囊。
具體實施時,根據所要得到之產品量相應地擴大或縮小培養規模即可。
步驟見實施例9(1)-(5),與實施例9不同之處為在步驟(5)醱酵完成後所得培養液出罐直接用塑料包裝桶或包裝瓶分裝成液體劑型。
綜合以上數據,可見捲曲乳桿菌262-1傳代穩定,各代形態學、生化學、遺傳特性、代謝物及藥敏特性一致;能產生乳酸及過氧化氫,有助於維持陰道微生態平衡;無毒安全,生物相容性好;對陰道加德納菌、阿托波菌、白色念珠菌及病原菌金黃色葡萄球菌、大腸埃
希氏菌、銅綠假單胞菌及沙門氏菌具有良好抑制效果;陰道定植能力強且定植後對陰道微環境如pH、清潔度等有良好改善作用;明顯抑制白色念珠菌,其治療效果與達克寧栓劑近似,提示該捲曲乳桿菌可作為治療白念珠菌陰道病之輔助手段;以菌株為活性成分製成之菌劑活菌率高,穩定性好,儲存方便。
這些數據表明將捲曲乳桿菌262-1或其製成之菌劑添加到陰部用化妝品中或者消毒品中,及添加在與陰道接觸之相關產品如醫療器械的材料或包覆表層中,可發揮捲曲乳桿菌262-1改善及調節陰道微環境、抑制陰道致病菌之作用,同時生物相容性好、安全無毒,對女性陰部衛生及其護理具有重要作用,進一步在開發既能保證衛生、又對女性健康有益之產品中具有重大應用潛力。
本發明之捲曲乳桿菌(Lactobacillus crispatus)262-1,已於2012年8月22日寄存於中國微生物菌種寄存管理委員會普通微生物中心(簡稱CGMCC),寄存單位地址為:北京市朝陽區北辰西路1號院3號,中國科學院微生物研究所,寄存登記號為CGMCC No.6469,該菌株之分類命名為捲曲乳桿菌(Lactobacillus crispatus);並於2015年3月4日將該捲曲乳桿菌(Lactobacillus crispatus)262-1寄存於財團法人食品工業發展研究所,寄存編號為BCRC 910670。
<110> 中國大陸商蘇州歐賽微科生物醫藥科技有限公司
<120> 一種捲曲乳桿菌(LACTOBACILLUS CRISPATUS)及其應用
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Claims (16)
- 一種分離之捲曲乳桿菌,其特徵在於該捲曲乳桿菌命名為捲曲乳桿菌(Lactobacillus crispatus)262-1,在中國微生物菌種寄存管理委員會普通微生物中心之寄存編號為CGMCC No.6469。
- 一種分離之DNA分子,其特徵在於該DNA分子提取自請求項1中之捲曲乳桿菌262-1,其鹼基序列借助BLAST程序進行序列相似性比較分析,與GenBank數據庫中捲曲乳桿菌鹼基序列最高同源性分值大於98%。
- 一種如請求項1之捲曲乳桿菌262-1的用途,其係用於製備用於抑制陰道致病菌之藥品。
- 如請求項3之用途,其中該致病菌包括加德納菌、白色念珠菌、阿托波菌、金黃色葡萄球菌、大腸埃希氏菌、銅綠假單胞菌或沙門氏菌。
- 一種如請求項1之捲曲乳桿菌262-1的用途,其係用於製備用於預防及/或治療陰道疾病之藥品。
- 如請求項5之用途,其中該陰道疾病為外陰陰道假絲酵母菌病、滴蟲性陰道炎、老年性陰道炎、非特異性陰道感染或混合性陰道感染。
- 一種如請求項1之捲曲乳桿菌262-1的用途,其係用於製備調節陰道菌群平衡之藥品。
- 一種如請求項1之捲曲乳桿菌262-1的用途,其係用於製備具有陰道上皮細胞黏附功能之藥品。
- 一種如請求項1之捲曲乳桿菌262-1的用途,其係用於婦科醫療器械。
- 如請求項9之用途,其中該醫療器械包括陰道鏡、婦科自檢鏡、 陰道擴張器、窺陰器、婦科盆腔炎症治療儀、婦科沖洗器或婦女外用抗菌器。
- 一種如請求項1之捲曲乳桿菌262-1的用途,其係用於婦科消毒產品。
- 如請求項11之用途,其中該消毒產品包括黏膜消毒液、黏膜消毒液膏、婦科消毒護墊、婦科消毒紙巾、婦女外用抗菌凝膠、婦女外用抗菌膏或婦科消毒劑。
- 一種如請求項1之捲曲乳桿菌262-1的用途,其係用於女性陰部用化妝品。
- 如請求項13之用途,其中該化妝品包括女性陰部護理液、女性陰部護理霜、女性陰部護理膏、女性陰部護理膜或沐浴露。
- 一種利用如請求項1之捲曲乳桿菌262-1製成的菌劑,其特徵在於該菌劑之活性成分為捲曲乳桿菌262-1。
- 如請求項15之菌劑,其中該菌劑形態為液態、固態或凝膠態。
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CN114214256B (zh) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-06-28 | 哈尔滨美华生物技术股份有限公司 | 一株用于防治泌尿生殖感染的格氏乳杆菌及其应用 |
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