TW201413038A - 用於具有催化輔助低溫cvd之保形膜的沉積之方法 - Google Patents

用於具有催化輔助低溫cvd之保形膜的沉積之方法 Download PDF

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TW201413038A
TW201413038A TW102126335A TW102126335A TW201413038A TW 201413038 A TW201413038 A TW 201413038A TW 102126335 A TW102126335 A TW 102126335A TW 102126335 A TW102126335 A TW 102126335A TW 201413038 A TW201413038 A TW 201413038A
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Abstract

用以在基板處理系統中沉積薄膜之方法,包含在基板處理腔室中將基板配置於基座之上,將基板加熱至一預定溫度範圍內之一溫度,並且在一預定時間段供給氣體混合至處理腔室,以在基板上沉積薄膜,其中該氣體混合物包含第一前驅物氣體、氨氣體、及乙硼烷氣體。

Description

用於具有催化輔助低溫CVD之保形膜的沉積之方法 【交叉參考之相關申請案】
本申請主張於2012年7月23日提出申請之美國臨時申請案第61/674,611號之優先權。前述申請案之全部揭露內容藉由參照於此併入。
本揭露內容係關於化學氣相沉積法(CVD),更具體地係關於使用化學氣相沉積法之保形膜沉積。
本文中所提供的背景描述係以總括地呈現本揭露內容為目的。對於此技術背景部分的描述以及實施態樣,本案發明人之發明不可額外適格為申請時之先前技術,且並未明示性或暗示性地承認將其作為對於本揭露內容的前案。
目前,在較低溫度下之保形膜沉積係利用使用在半導體產業中並非廣泛使用之昂貴、非泛用之化學品之電漿增強化學氣相沉積法(PECVD)加以執行。一些用以形成保形膜之沉積技術,例如原子層沉積法(ALD),具有具關鍵時序步驟之複雜序列。由於這些需求,良率趨於更低而成本趨於更高。
在反應器中,典型之以矽烷(SiH4)為基礎之化學氣相沉積開始發生於~650℃之基座溫度,然而,所沉積之薄膜通常不均勻。單獨以熱解反應將矽烷分解形成非晶矽。在反應中加入氫產生氫化非晶矽,然而基 座之操作溫度仍需高於~650℃,以使沉積發生。
本部分提供本揭露內容之總體摘要,而非其全部範圍或其所有特徵之全面性揭露內容。
一種用於沉積薄膜之基板處理系統包含:一處理腔室、一加熱器、及一控制器。該處理腔室包含一基座用以支持基板。該加熱器用以將基板加熱至預定溫度範圍內之一溫度。控制器用以在一預定時間段中供給氣體混合物至處理腔室,其中該氣體混合物包含:第一前驅物氣體、氨氣體、及乙硼烷氣體;在該預定時間段後,沖洗該處理腔室;並且將該供給及沖洗步驟重複一或多次以沉積薄膜。
一種用於在基板處理系統中沉積薄膜之方法,包含:將基板配置於處理腔室中之一基座上;將該基板加熱至一預定溫度範圍內之一溫度;及在一預定時間段中供給一氣體混合物至該處理腔室,以將薄膜沉積於該基板上,其中該氣體混合物包含:第一前驅物氣體、氨氣體、及乙硼烷氣體。
由此所提供之詳細描述,適用性之其它領域將變得顯而易見。本摘要中之描述及具體範例意圖僅以說明為目的,且非意圖限制本揭露內容之範圍。
100‧‧‧CVD反應器
108‧‧‧歧管
110‧‧‧來源氣體管線
112‧‧‧入口
116‧‧‧基板
118‧‧‧基座
120‧‧‧噴淋頭
122‧‧‧出口
124‧‧‧處理腔室
126‧‧‧真空泵
128‧‧‧可控式流量限制裝置
200‧‧‧控制器
202‧‧‧閥件
204‧‧‧過濾加熱器
206‧‧‧泵
208‧‧‧其它裝置
210‧‧‧壓力計
212‧‧‧流量計
214‧‧‧溫度感測器
216‧‧‧其它感測器
218‧‧‧顯示器
220‧‧‧使用者輸入裝置
本揭露內容藉詳細描述與隨附圖式將變得更充分地被理解,其中:圖1與圖2為根據本揭露內容基板處理系統與方法之範例的功能性方塊圖;圖3為一流程圖,描繪根據本揭露內容用於沉積保形膜的方法之一範例;圖4為一表格,描繪根據本揭露內容流量比率之各種範例;及圖5為一圖表,描繪根據本揭露內容將吸光度作為波數之函 數之範例。
根據本揭露內容,揭露基板處理系統與方法,其用於在相對低之溫度下形成保形膜。僅作為範例,基板處理系統與方法可採用使用化學氣相沉積法,其使用鹼性氮化物化學品(例如,矽烷及氨(在惰性載氣中))再加入作為催化劑之乙硼烷B2H6
在此所述之基板處理系統與方法涉及藉由催化及熱解反應之分解,其能夠達到低於630℃的一較低溫度邊界區域。僅作為範例,保形膜之沉積可發生於~500℃或更高之基座溫度。換言之,將催化劑B2H6添加至處理反應使得沉積溫度顯著地被降低至~500℃。
現參考圖1,CVD反應器100之一範例包含:處理腔室124,其將CVD反應器100之其它元件封入。在CVD反應器100內,基座118支持基板116。噴淋頭120將一或多個前驅物輸送至CVD反應器100。基座118通常包含:夾盤、叉件、或升降銷,以在沉積或其它處理期間固持及搬運基板。夾盤可為靜電夾盤、機械式夾盤、或其它類型之夾盤。
將處理氣體經由入口112引入。多個來源氣體管線110連接至歧管108。氣體可預先混合或不預先混合。採用一般在113處可見之合適閥件與質量流量控制器(MFC),以確保在製程之沉積及其它處理階段期間,正確氣體以預定流速及混合方式被輸送。
處理氣體經由出口122離開處理腔室124。真空泵126(僅作為範例,一或二階段之機械式乾式泵及/或渦輪分子泵)將處理氣體吸出並且使用可控式流量限制裝置128(例如,節流閥或鐘擺閥)在反應器維持一適當壓力。
在每次沉積及/或後沉積處理之後,能夠將晶圓分度(index)直到完成所有必需之沉積與處理,或在將晶圓分度之前,在單一站上進行多個沉積與處理。
現參考圖2,顯示用於控制圖1之系統之控制器200之一範例。控制器200可包含:處理器、記憶體、及一或多個介面。控制器200 可用以部分地基於感測數值而控制該系統中的裝置。此外,控制器200可被用於控制加熱及冷卻噴淋頭120。
僅作為範例,控制器200可依據所感測之數值及其它控制參數控制閥件202、過濾加熱器204、泵206、及其它裝置208其中一或多者。僅作為範例,控制器200接收由壓力計210、流量計212、溫度感測器214、及/或其它感測器216所感測之數值。亦可在前驅物輸送及薄膜沉積期間採用控制器200以控制處理條件。控制器200將通常地包含:一或多個記憶體裝置、及一或多個處理器。
控制器200可控制前驅物輸送系統及沉積設備。控制器200執行電腦程式,該電腦程式包含用以控制處理時序、輸送系統溫度、通過濾器之差壓、閥件位置、氣體混合物、腔室壓力、腔室溫度、晶圓溫度、基座RF功率位準、晶圓夾盤或基座位置,及特定處理之其它參數之指令組。控制器200亦可監測差壓並自動將氣相前驅物之輸送自一或多個路徑切換至一或多個其它路徑。在一些實施例中,亦可採用儲存於與控制器200相關聯之記憶體裝置之上的其它電腦程式。
通常具有與控制器200相關聯之使用者介面。使用者介面可包含:顯示器218(例如,顯示螢幕及/或設備及/或處理條件之圖形化軟體顯示),以及使用者輸入裝置220(例如指向裝置、鍵盤、觸控板、麥克風等)。控制器參數係關於處理條件,例如,濾器差壓、處理氣體之組成與流速、溫度、壓力,及腔室之壁溫。
可將系統軟體以許多不同方式加以設計或設定。例如,可將各種腔室元件子程序或控制物件寫入,以控制腔室元件之操作,其為實現本發明沉積處理所必需。用於此目的之程式或部分程式之範例包含:基板定位指令碼、處理氣體控制指令碼、壓力控制指令碼、及加熱器控制指令碼。
基板定位程式可包含程式指令碼,其用於控制用於將基板裝載於基座或夾盤上並且用於控制基板與腔室其它部分(例如,氣體入口、及/或靶材)之間的間距的腔室元件。處理氣體控制程式可包含指令碼,其用於控制氣體成分與流速,並且可選擇性地用於在沉積之前將氣體流入腔室, 以穩定腔室中之壓力。濾器之監測程式包含:將已測得之差壓與預定數值進行比較之指令碼,及/或用於交換路徑之指令碼。壓力控制程式可包含藉由調節例如腔室之排氣系統中之節流閥以控制腔室中壓力之指令碼。加熱器控制程式可包含用於控制輸往加熱單元之電流之指令碼,以在前驅物輸送系統中、基板、及/或系統其它部分中將元件加熱。可替代地,加熱器控制程式可控制熱傳導氣體(例如,氦氣)往晶圓夾盤之輸送。
在沉積期間可被監測的感測器之範例,包含但不限於,質量流量控制器、壓力感測器(如壓力計210)、及溫度感測器214。可將適當的程式化反饋及控制演算法與來自此等感測器之數據一同使用,以維持理想的處理條件。前文敘述在單一或多腔室之半導體處理工具中實施例之實施。
薄膜生長係平滑且保形的。使用相同之處理空間及溫度,可將氨氣(NH3)(隨同或不隨同氫H2)引入反應中,以形成SiBN膜條件。將B-N及Si-N之峰(以傅里葉變換紅外線光譜法(FTIR))以SiH4流量對乙硼烷流量之比率加以調控。可替代性地,可藉改變SiH4對NH3流量之比率將應力及折射率(RI)加以調控。作為化學催化劑以開始沉積反應所需之乙硼烷的流量可為非常小。
現參考圖3,顯示根據本揭露內容之方法300之一範例。方法300包含在步驟304處設定用於CVD之處理條件。例如,可將處理溫度與處理壓力設定為適當之數值。在步驟308處,在一預定時間段第一前驅物、NH3、及B2H6流以一預定流速加以提供,該預定時間段係在步驟312處判定。僅作為範例,第一前驅物可包含SiH4、乙烯(C2H4)、N-三甲基矽基乙醯胺(TMSA)、或四甲基矽烷(4MS)。在步驟316處,可執行沖洗。在步驟320處,可以相同預定時間段及/或以可變時間段,將處理重複一或多次。
例如,雖然已用介於1:0.01至1:0.025的SiH4相對於B2H6的比率將保形膜加以沉積,但亦可使用其它比率。在薄膜沉積期間,使用較低之B2H6流速及/或關閉B2H6之流動,可降低薄膜中之硼(如B-N)量而增加Si-N鍵結峰,以形成從氮化硼乃至真氮化矽之完整種類之薄膜。這些薄膜為平滑且保形的。
可利用SiH4/NH3/B2H6化學品比率變化以產生多個不同之薄 膜(如SiBN、SiB、SiN)。以碳前驅物(如乙烯、N-三甲基矽基乙醯胺、或四甲基矽烷)取代SiH4,以允許保形碳化硼膜之沉積。
傳統沉積方法之高基座溫度(約630℃)限制了所使用的硬體,這是由於金屬,例如鋁(Al)無法用於此溫度中,且腔室之加熱及出氣可能產生問題。在不添加化學品以將催化成分提供至先前之純粹熱解反應中的狀況下,在500℃時「熱CVD法」之沉積率將趨近於零。
現在參考圖4與5,顯示處理之各種範例。在圖4中,將FTIR分析、折射率(RI)、及應力,相對於以壓力sccm為單位之SiH4、NH3、及B2H6之各種流速加以顯示。僅作為範例,雖然處理壓力可為約5Torr,但可使用其它處理壓力數值。在圖5中,就圖5之範例將吸光度顯示作波數之一函數。這些範例所採用之矽烷前驅物氣體相對於乙硼烷氣體之比率介於1:0.22與1:0.5之間。
在本質上前文的描述僅為說明性,並非意圖以任何方式限制本揭露內容、其應用、或用途。本揭露內容廣泛教示可以各種形式加以實施。因此,雖然本揭露內容包含特定的範例,由於其它之修改隨著研讀圖式、說明書、及以下申請專利範圍將變得顯而易見,本揭露內容之真實範圍不應受限於此。為清楚起見,在圖式中使用相同的標號以標識類似之元件。如本文所用的用語「A、B、與C的至少一者」應被解釋為邏輯上之(A或B或C),使用邏輯上非互斥性之「或」。應當理解地,在不改變本揭露內容之原理的情況下,可將方法中一或多個步驟以不同的順序(或同時)加以執行。
300‧‧‧方法
304,308,312,316,320‧‧‧步驟

Claims (22)

  1. 一種在基板處理系統中沉積薄膜之方法,包含:a)將一基板配置於一處理腔室中之一基座上;b)將該基板加熱至在一預定溫度範圍內之一溫度;及c)在一預定時間段中供給一氣體混合物至該處理腔室,以將該薄膜沉積於該基板上,其中該氣體混合物包含:一第一前驅物氣體、氨氣、及乙硼烷氣體。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項在基板處理系統中沉積薄膜之方法,更包含:d)在該預定時間段後,沖洗該氣體混合物;及e)將a)至d)重複一或多次。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項在基板處理系統中沉積薄膜之方法,其中該薄膜包含:一氮化硼膜、一氮化矽膜、及一碳化硼膜其中一者。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項在基板處理系統中沉積薄膜之方法,其中該預定溫度範圍之下限為500℃。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第1項在基板處理系統中沉積薄膜之方法,其中該預定溫度範圍介於500℃與630℃之間。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第1項在基板處理系統中沉積薄膜之方法,其中該第一前驅物氣體包含矽烷。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第6項在基板處理系統中沉積薄膜之方法,其中該第一前驅物氣體相對於該乙硼烷氣體之比率介於1:0.01與1:0.025之間。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第6項在基板處理系統中沉積薄膜之方法,其中該第一前驅物氣體相對於該乙硼烷氣體之比率介於1:0.22與1:0.5之間。
  9. 如申請專利範圍第1項在基板處理系統中沉積薄膜之方法,其中該第一前驅物氣體包含乙烯氣體。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第1項在基板處理系統中沉積薄膜之方法,其中該第一前驅物氣體包含N-三甲基矽基乙醯胺(TMSA)。
  11. 如申請專利範圍第1項在基板處理系統中沉積薄膜之方法,其中該第一前驅物氣體包含四甲基矽烷(4MS)。
  12. 如申請專利範圍第1項在基板處理系統中沉積薄膜之方法,更包含在該預定時間段期間,將該乙硼烷氣體多次地開啟與關閉。
  13. 一種用於沉積薄膜之基板處理系統,包含:一處理腔室,包含一基座用以支持一基板;一加熱器,用以將該基板加熱至一預定溫度範圍內之一溫度;一控制器,建構成用以:在一預定時間段中供給一氣體混合物至該處理腔室,其中該氣體混合物包含一第一前驅物氣體、氨氣、及乙硼烷氣體;在該預定時間段後,沖洗該處理腔室;及將該供給及沖洗重複一或多次以沉積該薄膜。
  14. 根據申請專利範圍第13項用於沉積薄膜之基板處理系統,其中該薄膜包含一氮化硼膜、一氮化矽膜、及一碳化硼膜其中一者。
  15. 根據申請專利範圍第13項用於沉積薄膜之基板處理系統,其中該預定溫度範圍的下限為500℃。
  16. 根據申請專利範圍第13項用於沉積薄膜之基板處理系統,其中該預定溫度範圍介於500℃與630℃之間。
  17. 根據申請專利範圍第13項用於沉積薄膜之基板處理系統,其中該第一前驅物氣體包含矽烷。
  18. 根據申請專利範圍第17項用於沉積薄膜之基板處理系統,其中該第一前驅物氣體相對於該乙硼烷氣體之比率介於1:0.01至1:0.025之間。
  19. 根據申請專利範圍第13項用於沉積薄膜之基板處理系統,其中該第一前驅物氣體包含乙烯氣體。
  20. 根據申請專利範圍第13項用於沉積薄膜之基板處理系統,其中該第一前驅物氣體包含N-三甲基矽基乙醯胺(TMSA)。
  21. 根據申請專利範圍第13項用於沉積薄膜之基板處理系統,其中該第一前驅物氣體包含四甲基矽烷。
  22. 根據申請專利範圍第13項用於沉積薄膜之基板處理系統,其中該控制器用以在該預定時間段期間,將該乙硼烷氣體多次地開啟與關閉。
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US20140023784A1 (en) 2014-01-23
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