TW201341510A - 向列型液晶組成物 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本發明之向列型液晶組成物係用於TN模式、OCB模式、ECB模式、IPS模式或VA-IPS模式用液晶顯示元件等中者。該液晶組成物具有如下特徵:介電常數異向性為正,且藉由抑制折射率異向性及向列相-等向性液體相轉移溫度之降低及向列相之下限溫度之上升,從而不會使向列相之溫度範圍惡化,且黏度充分低,並且具有高速響應且顯示品質良好,又,可抑制顯示不良之優異特徵,適合作為實用之液晶組成物。
Description
本發明係關於一種可用作電光學液晶顯示材料之介電常數異向性(△ε)顯示出正值的向列型液晶組成物。
液晶顯示元件係以鐘錶、計算器為代表,逐步應用於各種測定機器、汽車用面板、文字處理機、電子記事本、印表機、計算機、電視、鐘錶、廣告顯示板等。作為液晶顯示方式,其代表性者有:TN(Twisted Nematic,扭轉向列)型、STN(Super Twisted Nematic,超扭轉向列)型、使用有TFT(Thin Film Transistor,薄膜電晶體)之垂直配向型或IPS(In Plane Switching,共平面切換)型等。業界要求該等液晶顯示元件所使用之液晶組成物對於水分、空氣、熱、光等外界因素穩定,又,於以室溫為中心之儘可能廣之溫度範圍內顯示出液晶相,低黏性並且驅動電壓較低。進而,為了將對應各顯示元件最合適之介電常數異向性(△ε)或/及折射率異向性(△n)等設為最佳值,而由數種至數十種之化合物構成液晶組成物。
於垂直配向型顯示器中,使用△ε為負之液晶組成物,於TN型、STN型或IPS型等水平配向型顯示器中,使用△ε為正之液晶組成物。又,亦報告有藉由於未施加電壓時使△ε為正之液晶組成物垂直配向,施加橫電場而進行顯示之驅動方式,△ε為正之液晶組成物之必要性進一步提高。另一方面,於所有驅動方式中,均要求低電壓驅動、高速響應、
較廣之作動溫度範圍。即,要求△ε為正且絕對值較大、黏度(η)較小、向列相-等向性液體相轉移溫度(Tni)較高。又,必須根據△n與單元間隙(d)之乘積即△n×d之設定,將液晶組成物之△n配合單元間隙調節在適當範圍內。除此以外,於將液晶顯示元件應用於電視等中之情形時重視高速響應性,故而要求γ1較小之液晶組成物。
雖然揭示有使用了△ε為正之液晶化合物的式(A-1)或(A-2)所表示之化合物之液晶組成物作為液晶組成物之構成成分(專利文獻1至4),但該等液晶組成物尚未實現充分低之黏性。
專利文獻1:WO96/032365號
專利文獻2:日本特開平09-157202號
專利文獻3:WO98/023564號
專利文獻4:日本特開2003-183656號
本發明所欲解決之課題在於提供一種不使折射率異向性(△n)及向列相-等向性液體相轉移溫度(Tni)降低或上升,黏度(η)充分低並且介電常數異向性(△ε)為正之液晶組成物。
本發明者對各種氟苯衍生物進行研究,發現藉由組合特定之
化合物而可解決上述課題,從而完成本發明。
本發明提供一種液晶組成物,其係具有正介電常數異向性者,其特徵在於:上述液晶組成物含有選自通式(LC0-1)及/或通式(LC0-2)所表示化合物中之1種或2種以上的化合物,並且含有選自通式(LC1)至通式(LC5)所表示之化合物群中之1種或2種以上的化合物,本發明進而提供一種使用有該液晶組成物之液晶顯示元件。
本發明之液晶組成物具有△ε為正且其絕對值較大之特
徵。又,η亦較低,旋轉黏性(γ1)亦較小,液晶性優異,於較廣之溫度範圍內顯示出穩定之液晶相。進而,由於對於熱、光、水等化學穩定,且溶解性良好,故而於低溫下之相穩定亦良好,係可進行低電壓驅動之實用且可靠性較高的液晶組成物。
本案發明中之液晶組成物含有選自上述通式(LC0-1)及/或通式(LC0-2)所表示之化合物中之1種或2種以上的化合物,並且含有選自通式(LC1)至通式(LC5)所表示之化合物群中之1種或2種以上的化合物,該液晶組成物於低溫下亦顯示出穩定之液晶相,故而可謂實用之液晶組成物。
於該等通式(LC0-1)至通式(LC5)中,R01~R41分別獨立表示碳數1~15之烷基,該烷基中之1個或2個以上之-CH2-可以氧原子未直接鄰接之方式被-O-、-CH=CH-、-CO-、-OCO-、-COO-、-C≡C-、-CF2O-或-OCF2-取代,該烷基中之1個或2個以上之氫原子亦可任意地被鹵素取代,但較佳為碳數1~8之烷基、碳數2~8之烯基或碳數1~8之烷氧基,且較佳為直鏈,R51及R52分別獨立表示碳數1~15之烷基,該烷基中之1個或2個以上之-CH2-可以氧原子未直接鄰接之方式被-O-、-CH=CH-、-CO-、-OCO-、-COO-或-C≡C-取代,但較佳為碳數1~8之烷基、碳數2~8之烯基或碳數1~8之烷氧基,且較
佳為直鏈。A01~A42較佳為分別獨立為反式-1,4-伸環己基、1,4-伸苯基、3-氟-1,4-伸苯基或3,5-二氟-1,4-伸苯基。A51~A53較佳為分別獨立為反式-1,4-伸環己基、1,4-伸苯基、2-氟-1,4-伸苯基或3-氟-1,4-伸苯基。X01~X03較佳為氫原子或氟原子,X11~X43較佳為分別獨立為氫原子或氟原子。Y01~Y41較佳為-F、-CF3或-OCF3。Z01及Z02較佳為分別獨立為單鍵、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-CH2CH2-、-(CH2)4-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-OCF2-或-CF2O-,於所存在之Z01及Z02內之一個表示-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-CH2CH2-、-(CH2)4-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-OCF2-或-CF2O-之情形時,較佳為其他表示單鍵,進而較佳為全部表示單鍵。Z31~Z42較佳為分別獨立為單鍵、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-CH2CH2-、-(CH2)4-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-OCF2-或-CF2O-,所存在之Z31及Z32內之至少1個不為單鍵。於m42為0之情形時,Z41分別獨立表示單鍵、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-CH2CH2-或-(CH2)4-。Z51及Z52較佳為分別獨立為單鍵、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-CH2CH2-、-(CH2)4-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-OCF2-或-CF2O-,進而較佳為單鍵、-CH2CH2-、-OCF2-或-CF2O-,尤佳為單鍵。m01、m02較佳為分別獨立表示0~2之整數,m21較佳為表示0或1之整數。m31~m42較佳為分別獨立表示0~2之整數,m31+m32及m41+m42較佳為分別獨立為1、2或3。m51較佳為表示1或2之整數。於存在複數個A01、A02、A23、A31、A32、A41、A42、A52、Z01、Z02、Z31、Z32、Z41、Z42及/或Z52之情形時,該等可相同亦可不同。
通式(LC0-1)、通式(LC0-2)所表示之液晶化合物更佳為下述通式(LC0-1-1)~(LC0-2-4)
(式中,R01、X01及Y01表示與申請專利範圍第1項相同含義)所表示之化合物。
通式(LC1)所表示之化合物更佳為下述通式(LC1-1)至通式(LC1-4)
(式中,R11、X11、X12及Y11表示與申請專利範圍第1項相同含義)所表示之化合物。
通式(LC2)所表示之化合物更佳為下述通式(LC2-1)至通式(LC2-8)
(式中,X23、X24、X25及X26分別獨立表示氫原子、Cl、F、CF3或OCF3,X22、R21及Y21表示與申請專利範圍第1項相同含義)所表示之化合物。
通式(LC3)所表示之化合物較佳為下述通式(LC3-1)至通式(LC3-121)
通式(LC4)所表示之化合物較佳為下述通式(LC4-1)至通式(LC4-12)
通式(LC5)所表示之化合物較佳為下述通式(LC5-1)至
通式(LC5-14)
(式中,R51及R52表示與申請專利範圍第1項相同含義)所表示之化合物。
於本發明之液晶組成物中,通式(LC0-1)及/或通式(LC0-2)所表示之化合物之含量較佳為5~50質量%,進而較佳為10~40質量%。通式(LC-1)至(LC-4)所表示之化合物之含量較佳為分別獨立為10~60質量%,進而較佳為10~40質量%。通式(LC-5)所表示之化合物之含量較佳為10~90質量%,進而較佳為15~70質量%。
又,為了製作高分子穩定化(PS,Polymer Stabilized)模式
等之液晶顯示元件,可於本發明之液晶組成物中含有聚合性化合物。作為可使用之聚合性化合物,可列舉藉由光等能量線進行聚合之光聚合性單體等,作為結構,例如可列舉:聯苯衍生物、聯三苯衍生物等具有連結有複數個六員環之液晶骨架的聚合性化合物等。具體而言,聚合性化合物較佳為通式(PC1)
(式中,P1表示聚合性官能基,Sp1表示碳原子數0~20之間隔基,Q1表示單鍵、-O-、-NH-、-NHCOO-、-OCONH-、-CH=CH-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-OCOO-、-OOCO-、-CH=CH-、-CH=CH-COO-、-OCO-CH=CH-或-C≡C-,n1及n2分別獨立表示1、2或3,MG表示液晶原基(mesogenic group)或液晶原性支持基,R3表示鹵素原子、氰基或碳原子數1~25之烷基,該烷基中之1個或2個以上之CH2基可以O原子未直接鄰接之方式被-O-、-S-、-NH-、-N(CH3)-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-OCOO-、-SCO-、-COS-或-C≡C-取代,或者R3表示P2-Sp2-Q2-(式中,P2、Sp2、Q2分別獨立表示與P1、Sp1、Q1相同含義))所表示之聚合性化合物。
更佳為聚合性化合物通式(PC1)中之MG為下述結構
(式中,C1~C3分別獨立表示1,4-伸苯基、1,4-伸環己基、1,4-環己烯基、四氫吡喃-2,5-二基、1,3-二烷-2,5-二基、四氫噻喃-2,5-二基、1,4-雙環(2,2,2)伸辛基、十氫萘-2,6-二基、吡啶-2,5-二基、嘧啶-2,5-二基、吡-2,5-二基、1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2,6-二基、2,6-伸萘基、菲-2,7-二基、9,10-二氫菲-2,7-二基、1,2,3,4,4a,9,10a-八氫菲2,7-二
基或茀2,7-二基,該1,4-伸苯基、1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2,6-二基、2,6-伸萘基、菲-2,7-二基、9,10-二氫菲-2,7-二基、1,2,3,4,4a,9,10a-八氫菲2,7-二基及茀2,7-二基亦可具有1個以上之F、Cl、CF3、OCF3、氰基、碳原子數1~8之烷基、烷氧基、烷醯基(alkanoyl)、烷醯氧基、碳原子數2~8之烯基、烯氧基、烯醯基(alkenoyl)或烯醯氧基作為取代基,Y1及Y2分別獨立表示-COO-、-OCO-、-CH2CH2-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-CH=CHCOO-、-OCOCH=CH-、-CH2CH2COO-、-CH2CH2OCO-、-COOCH2CH2-、-OCOCH2CH2-、-CONH-、-NHCO-或單鍵,n5表示0、1或2)表示之聚合性化合物,Sp1及Sp2分別獨立表示伸烷基,該伸烷基可被1個以上之鹵素原子或CN取代,該基中所存在之1個或2個以上之CH2基可以O原子未直接鄰接之方式被-O-、-S-、-NH-、-N(CH3)-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-OCOO-、-SCO-、-COS-或-C≡C-取代,P1及P2分別獨立由下述通式(PC1-a)~通式(PC1-d)
(式中,R61~R63、R71~R73、及R81~R83分別獨立表示氫原子、鹵素原子或碳原子數1~5之烷基)中之任一者表示。
更具體而言,聚合性化合物通式(PC1)較佳為通式(PC1)-1或通式(PC1)-2
(式中,P1、Sp1、Q1、P2、Sp2、Q2及MG表示與通式(PC1)相同含義,n3及n4分別獨立表示1、2或3)所表示之聚合性化合物。
更具體而言,通式(PC1)更佳為通式(PC1)-3~通式(PC1)-8
(式中,W1分別獨立表示F、CF3、OCF3、CH3、OCH3、碳原子數2~5之烷基、烷氧基、烯基、COOW2、OCOW2或OCOOW2(式中,W2表示碳原子數1~10之直鏈或支鏈烷基或碳原子數2~5之烯基,n3、n4及n6分別獨立表示0、1、2、3或4))所表示之聚合性化合物。
又,亦較佳為通式(PC1)中之MG為通式(PC1)-9所表示之圓盤狀液晶化合物。
聚合性化合物之使用量較佳為0.1~2.0質量%。
進而,本發明之液晶組成物為了提高穩定性,可含有1種或2種以上之抗氧化劑,亦可含有1種或2種以上之UV吸收劑。
使用有本發明之液晶組成物之液晶顯示元件係可同時實現高速響應與抑制顯示不良之有用者,尤其是可用於主動矩陣驅動用液晶顯示元件,可應用於TN模式、OCB模式、IPS模式、FFS模式或VA-IPS模式用液晶顯示元件。
藉由使用含有上述聚合性化合物之本發明之液晶組成物,可製作高分子穩定化(PS)模式液晶顯示元件。具體而言,可藉由於兩片基板間夾持含有聚合性化合物之液晶組成物,於施加電壓下或未施加電壓下利用紫外線等能量線使液晶組成物中之聚合性化合物聚合而製作。於該液晶顯示元件中,可藉由聚合性化合物之高分子化而使液晶分子之配向狀態記憶化,藉此,可提高配向狀態之穩定性。又,亦可期待響應速度之改善。
[實施例]
以下,舉例進一步詳細說明本案發明,但本案發明不受該等之任何限定。又,下述實施例及比較例之組成物中之「%」意指「質量%」。
作為液晶組成物之物性,表示如下。
TN-1:向列相-等向性液體相轉移溫度(℃)
T-n:向列相之下限溫度(℃)
ε⊥:25℃下之相對於分子長軸方向垂直之方向之介電常數
△ε:25℃下之介電常數異向性
no:25℃下對常光之折射率
△n:25℃下之折射率異向性
Vth:25℃下之於施加頻率1 KHz之矩形波時透過率變化10%之單元厚度6μm之單元中之施加電壓(V)
η20:20℃下之整體黏性(mPa.s)
γ1:旋轉黏性(mPa.s)
於化合物記載中使用下述縮寫。
[表1]
[表2]
(比較例1)
以下表示所製備之液晶組成物與其物性值。
該液晶組成物係不含本申請案之以通式(LC0-1)及通式(LC0-2)所表示之化合物之液晶組成物。可知實施例1之黏度明顯更低,γ1亦較小,本發明之組合係非常優異者。
(實施例2)
以下表示所製備之液晶組成物與其物性值。
(實施例3)
以下表示所製備之液晶組成物與其物性值。
(實施例4)
以下表示所製備之液晶組成物與其物性值。
(實施例5)
以下表示所製備之液晶組成物與其物性值。
[表7]
(實施例6)
以下表示所製備之液晶組成物與其物性值。
[表8]
(實施例7)
以下表示所製備之液晶組成物與其物性值。
[表9]
(實施例8)
以下表示所製備之液晶組成物與其物性值。
[表10]
(實施例9)
以下表示所製備之液晶組成物與其物性值。
(實施例10)
以下表示所製備之液晶組成物與其物性值。
(實施例11)
以下表示所製備之液晶組成物與其物性值。
[表13]
(實施例12)
以下表示所製備之液晶組成物與其物性值。
如此,可知實施例2~12之液晶組成物為低黏度,且γ1亦較小,本發明之組合係非常優異者。
(實施例13)
使用於同一基板上設置有一對梳形電極構造之透明電極的第一基板與未設置電極構造之第二基板,於各基板上形成垂直配向性之配向膜,製作第一基板與第二基板之間隙間隔4.0微米之IPS用空單元。於該空單元中注入實施例9所示之液晶組成物,製作液晶顯示元件。對該顯示元件之電光學特性進行測定,結果透過率變化10%之施加電壓為1.53 v。又,施加5 v時之響應速度為5.2毫秒,斷開電壓時之響應速度為13.4秒。
藉由相對於該實施例3所示之液晶組成物99%添加1%之式(PC-1)-3-1所表示之聚合性化合物,
並均勻溶解,從而製備聚合性液晶組成物CLC-A。CLC-A之物性與實施例3所示之液晶組成物之物性幾乎無差別。
於上述IPS用空單元中夾持CLC-A後,一面以頻率1 KHz施加1.8 V之矩形波一面經由遮斷300 nm以下之紫外線之濾光片,利用高壓水銀燈對液晶單元照射紫外線。以單元表面之照射強度成為20 mW/cm2之方式進行調整並照射600秒,獲得聚合性液晶組成物中之聚合性化合物聚合的垂直配向性液晶顯示元件。對該顯示元件之電光學特性進行測定,結果透過率變化10%之施加電壓為1.61 v。又,施加5 v時之響應速度為5.2毫秒。又,斷開電壓時之響應速度為5.2毫秒,與僅利用實施例9所示之液晶組成物所製作之液晶顯示元件相比非常快速。
Claims (14)
- 一種液晶組成物,其係具有正介電常數異向性者,其特徵在於:該液晶組成物含有選自通式(LC0-1)及/或通式(LC0-2)表示之化合物中之1種或2種以上的化合物,並且含有選自通式(LC1)至通式(LC5)表示之化合物群中之1種或2種以上的化合物,
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之液晶組成物,其含有選自通式(LC0-1)及/或通式(LC0-2)表示之化合物中之1種或2種以上的化合物,並且含有選自通式(LC1)至通式(LC4)表示之化合物群中之1種或2種以上的化合物,並且含有選自通式(LC5)表示之化合物群中之1種或2種以上的化合物。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之液晶組成物,其含有選自由通式(LC0-1-1)至通式(LC0-1-8)表示之化合物組成之群、及/或由通式(LC0-2-1)至通式(LC0-2-4)表示之化合物組成之群中之1種或2種以上的化合物,
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之液晶組成物,其含有選自通式(LC0-1)及/或通式(LC0-2)表示之化合物中之1種或2種以上的化合物、及選自由通式(LC2-1)至通式(LC2-8)表示之化合物組成之群中之1種或2種以上的化合物,
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之液晶組成物,其含有選自通式(LC0-1)及/或通式(LC0-2)表示之化合物中之1種或2種以上的化合物、及選自下述化合物組成之群中之1種或2種以上的化合物:選自由通式(LC3-1)至通式(LC3-22)表示之化合物組成之群中的化合物及/或由通式(LC3-23)至通式(LC3-121)表示之化合物,
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之液晶組成物,其含有選自通式(LC0-1)及/或通式(LC0-2)表示之化合物中之1種或2種以上的化合物、及選自由通式(LC4-1)至通式(LC4-12)表示之化合物組成之群中之1種或2種以上的化合物,
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之液晶組成物,其含有選自通式(LC0-1) 及/或通式(LC0-2)表示之化合物中之1種或2種以上的化合物、及選自由通式(LC5-1)至通式(LC5-14)表示之化合物組成之群中之1種或2種以上的化合物,
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之液晶組成物,其含有1種或2種以上之聚合性化合物。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之液晶組成物,其含有1種或2種以上之抗氧化劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之液晶組成物,其含有1種或2種以上 之UV吸收劑。
- 一種液晶顯示元件,其使用有申請專利範圍第1至10項中任一項之液晶組成物。
- 一種主動矩陣驅動用液晶顯示元件,其使用有申請專利範圍第1至10項中任一項之液晶組成物。
- 一種TN模式、OCB模式、IPS模式或VA-IPS模式用液晶顯示元件,其使用有申請專利範圍第1至10項中任一項之液晶組成物。
- 一種高分子穩定化之TN模式、OCB模式、IPS模式或VA-IPS模式用液晶顯示元件,其係使用申請專利範圍第8項之液晶組成物,於施加電壓下或未施加電壓下使該液晶組成物中所含有之聚合性化合物聚合而製成。
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2013
- 2013-03-07 TW TW102108007A patent/TWI570221B/zh active
- 2013-03-13 KR KR1020147026050A patent/KR101539703B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2013-03-13 CN CN201610048859.9A patent/CN105647541B/zh active Active
- 2013-03-13 WO PCT/JP2013/057053 patent/WO2013141116A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2013-03-13 CN CN201380015404.1A patent/CN104220556B/zh active Active
- 2013-03-13 JP JP2013550064A patent/JP5582264B2/ja active Active
- 2013-03-13 EP EP13764021.5A patent/EP2835410B1/en active Active
- 2013-03-13 US US14/386,154 patent/US20150159086A1/en not_active Abandoned
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CN105745306A (zh) * | 2013-11-19 | 2016-07-06 | Dic株式会社 | 向列液晶组合物及使用其的液晶显示元件 |
CN105745306B (zh) * | 2013-11-19 | 2018-04-24 | Dic株式会社 | 向列液晶组合物及使用其的液晶显示元件 |
TWI635166B (zh) * | 2013-11-19 | 2018-09-11 | Dic股份有限公司 | Nematic liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display element using same |
CN105849234A (zh) * | 2013-12-25 | 2016-08-10 | Dic株式会社 | 液晶组合物用抗氧化剂、液晶组合物及使用其的液晶显示元件 |
CN105849233A (zh) * | 2013-12-25 | 2016-08-10 | Dic株式会社 | 向列液晶组合物及使用其的液晶显示元件 |
CN105849233B (zh) * | 2013-12-25 | 2018-11-23 | Dic株式会社 | 向列液晶组合物及使用其的液晶显示元件 |
TWI697551B (zh) * | 2014-09-05 | 2020-07-01 | 日商迪愛生股份有限公司 | 液晶組成物及使用其之液晶顯示元件 |
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TWI570221B (zh) | 2017-02-11 |
EP2835410A4 (en) | 2015-12-23 |
US20150159086A1 (en) | 2015-06-11 |
CN105647541B (zh) | 2018-04-13 |
KR101539703B1 (ko) | 2015-07-27 |
CN105647541A (zh) | 2016-06-08 |
CN104220556B (zh) | 2017-08-08 |
EP2835410A1 (en) | 2015-02-11 |
WO2013141116A1 (ja) | 2013-09-26 |
JP5582264B2 (ja) | 2014-09-03 |
EP2835410B1 (en) | 2017-10-04 |
JPWO2013141116A1 (ja) | 2015-08-03 |
KR20140121484A (ko) | 2014-10-15 |
CN104220556A (zh) | 2014-12-17 |
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