TW201245219A - Glycoside derivatives and uses thereof - Google Patents
Glycoside derivatives and uses thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW201245219A TW201245219A TW101113290A TW101113290A TW201245219A TW 201245219 A TW201245219 A TW 201245219A TW 101113290 A TW101113290 A TW 101113290A TW 101113290 A TW101113290 A TW 101113290A TW 201245219 A TW201245219 A TW 201245219A
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- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- pharmaceutically acceptable
- compound
- acceptable salt
- group
- alkyl
- Prior art date
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- 125000001981 tert-butyldimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([H])(C([H])([H])[H])[*]C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- DPKBAXPHAYBPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylazanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DPKBAXPHAYBPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000003718 tetrahydrofuranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001412 tetrahydropyranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003831 tetrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001113 thiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 229960002051 trandolapril Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003558 transferase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WCZKTXKOKMXREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylsulfanium Chemical compound CC[S+](CC)CC WCZKTXKOKMXREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M triflate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- NRZWQKGABZFFKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsulfonium Chemical compound C[S+](C)C NRZWQKGABZFFKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WLOQLWBIJZDHET-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylsulfonium Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1[S+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 WLOQLWBIJZDHET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QHWZUPROQHUXGE-UHFFFAOYSA-L tripotassium;carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O QHWZUPROQHUXGE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000035408 type 1 diabetes mellitus 1 Diseases 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D405/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D407/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D405/00
- C07D407/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D405/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D407/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D405/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/357—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having two or more oxygen atoms in the same ring, e.g. crown ethers, guanadrel
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
- A61P13/12—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of the kidneys
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P19/06—Antigout agents, e.g. antihyperuricemic or uricosuric agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/04—Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/06—Antihyperlipidemics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
- A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/12—Antihypertensives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/6558—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom containing at least two different or differently substituted hetero rings neither condensed among themselves nor condensed with a common carbocyclic ring or ring system
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/6558—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom containing at least two different or differently substituted hetero rings neither condensed among themselves nor condensed with a common carbocyclic ring or ring system
- C07F9/65586—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom containing at least two different or differently substituted hetero rings neither condensed among themselves nor condensed with a common carbocyclic ring or ring system at least one of the hetero rings does not contain nitrogen as ring hetero atom
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Diabetes (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
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- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
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- Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
- Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
- Rheumatology (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
Description
201245219 六、發明說明: 【先前技術】 糖尿病為以反覆性或持續性高血糖症(高血糖)及其他體 征為特徵之代謝障礙,其不同於單一疾病或病狀。葡萄^ 含量異常可導致嚴重的長期併發症,包括心血管疾病、慢 性腎衰竭、視網膜損傷、(若干種)神經損傷、微血管 及肥胖症。 1型糖尿病亦稱為胰島素依賴型糖尿病(iddm卜其特徵 在於胰腺之蘭氏小島(lsiets 〇f Langerhans)中產生胰島素之 β-細胞的喪失導致姨島素缺卜2型糖尿病先前稱為成人 發病型糖尿病、成年發病型糖尿病或非姨島素依賴型糖尿 病(NIDDM),其起因於以下之組合:肝葡萄糖輸出增加、 胰島素刀必缺乏及姨島素抗性或姨島素敏感性降低(組織 對胰島素之反應性缺乏)。 慢性高▲糖症亦可導致葡萄糖毒性發作或進展,其特徵 在於β·細胞分泌姨島素減少、姨島素敏感性降低;因而糖 尿病為自體惡化性的[咖_ c㈣,199〇, 61〇】。 死 血糖含量長期升高亦導致血管損傷。在糖尿病中,出現 的問通可歸類為「微血管疾病」(由於小血管損傷)及「大 血官疾病」(由於動脈損傷)。微血管疾病之實例包括糖展 病性視網膜病變、神經病變及腎病變,而大企管疾病之實 匕括九狀動脈病、中風、周邊血管疾病及糖尿病性肌壞 糖尿病性視網膜病變之特徵在於視網财之弱化血管生 I63058.doc 201245219 長以及黃斑水腫(黃斑腫脹),其 .nn , 、J导致戚重的視力衰退或 失月。視網膜損傷(微血管病變導 导致)為美國非老年成人中 取*見的失明病因。糖尿病性神 _ 开a病邊之特徵在於下肢神 經功能受損。當併發有血管損傷時,糖尿病性神經病變可 導致糖尿病足。其他形式之糖尿錄神經病變可以單神經 炎或自主神經病變形式存在。糖 糖床病性腎病變之特徵在於 對腎臟之損傷,其可導致慢性瞥奋 f腎农竭,最終需要透析。糖 尿病為全世界成年人腎衰竭之最常見病因。已知高血糖飲 食(亦即由產生餐後高血糖之膳食組成的飲食)為促使肥胖 症發展之致病因素之一。 2型糖尿病之特徵在於對葡萄糖含量升高的反應為胰島 ,抗性及/或胰島素分泌不足]!型糖尿病之治療目標為提 Γ7夷島素敏感H(諸如tzd)、提高肝葡萄糖利用率(諸如雙 胍)、直接調整胰島素含量(諸如胰島素、胰島素類似物及 夷島素促泌素)、增強腸促胰液素之作用(諸如艾塞那肽 (exenatide)及西他列》丁(sltagHptin))或抑制自飲食吸收葡萄 糖(諸如α葡糖苷酶抑制劑)2001,821-827]。 葡萄糖不能擴散穿過細胞膜且需要轉運蛋白。葡萄糖轉 運至上皮細胞中係由二級活性共轉運系統鈉_D_葡萄糖共 轉運體(SGLT)介導,該共轉運體由Na+/K+-ATP酶(ATPase) 產生之鈉梯度驅動。經GLUT轉運體促進擴散,在上皮細 胞中積聚之葡萄糖進一步穿過膜轉運至血液中[幻如叮 2〇〇7,72,S27-S35] 〇 SGLT屬於鈉/葡萄糖共轉運體家族SLCA5。已鑑別兩種 163058.doc 201245219 不同SGLT同功異型物SGLT1及SGLT2介導人類中之腎小管 葡萄糖再吸收[Cwrr. k DrMgi (2007): 8(4), 285-292及本文中引用之參考文獻]。兩者之 特徵在於其受質親和力不同。雖然兩者展示59%胺基酸序 列同源性,但其在功能上不同。SGLT1轉運葡萄糖以及半 乳糖,且在腎臟及腸中表現,而SGLT2僅發現於腎近端小 管之S 1及S2區段t。因此,腎小球過濾之葡萄糖藉由 SGLT2(—種低親和力/大容量系統)再吸收至腎近端小管上 皮細胞中,SGLT2駐留於S 1及S2小管區段之上皮細胞襯層 之表面上。位於近端小管之較遠端區段的SGLT1作為高親 和力/小容量系統所回收之葡萄糖量少得多。在健康人類 中,腎小球過濾的血漿葡萄糖中超過99%被再吸收,使得 所過濾之總葡萄糖中不到1%在尿中排出。估計總腎臟葡 萄糖吸收中的90%係由SGLT2促進;剩餘10%可能由SGLT1 介導[J. Parenter. Enteral Nutr. 2004, 28,364-371]。 選殖SGLT2作為候選鈉葡萄糖共轉運體,且據報導,其 組織分佈、受質特異性及親和力與腎近端小管中之低親和 力鈉葡萄糖共轉運體極其類似。具有SGLT2抑制作用模式 之藥物將為與糖尿病及其相關疾病之現有藥物療法種類互 補之新穎手段,以滿足患者對血糖控制同時保持胰島素分 泌之需要。此外,導致失去過多葡萄糖(且因此失去過多 卡路里)之SGLT2抑制劑可具有治療肥胖症之額外潛能。 實際上已發現小分子SGLT2抑制劑且已在文獻中報導該 等分子之抗糖尿病治療潛能[T-1095 (Diabetes, 1999, 48, 163058.doc 201245219 1794-1800, Dapagliflozin (Diabetes, 2008, 57, 1723- 1729)]。 作為SGLT-2抑制劑之各種O-芳基及O-雜芳基糖苷已報導 於專利公開案中,諸如:WO 01/74834、WO 03/020737、US 04/0018998、WO 01/68660、WO 01/16147、WO 04/099230、WO 05/011592、US 06/0293252及 WO 05/021566。 作為SGLT-2抑制劑之各種經葡萄哌喃糖基取代之芳族及 雜芳族化合物亦已報導於專利公開案中,諸如:WO 01/27128、WO 04/080990、US 06/0025349、WO 05/085265、 WO 05/085237、WO 06/054629及 WO 06/011502。 SGLT1主要發現於腸中且在吸收D-葡萄糖及D-半乳糖時 發揮重要作用。因此,SGLT1抑制劑具有在腎臟及腸中用 於減少j路里攝取且減輕高血糖症之潛能。 WO 2004/01 8491揭示作為SGLT1抑制劑之吡唑衍生物。 已公開經葡萄哌喃糖基取代之芳族或雜芳族化合物,其 中糖部分一般已在哌喃糖之C4、C5或C6位置處經修飾(US 06/0009400 ' US 06/0019948、US 06/0035841、US 06/007403 1、US 08/0027014及 WO 08/016132)。 前藥策略或方法學可用於顯著增強藥物特性或克服藥物 的醫藥學或藥物動力學特性之固有不足。前藥為投與患者 時使母分子在體内再生之新穎化學實體。前藥可在調節母 藥再生之條件及調節母藥之物理、醫藥學或藥物動力學特 性質方面提供選擇。然而,通常難以鑑別具有所需特性之 前藥。 163058.doc 201245219 【發明内容】 因此’本發明提供式(I)化合物:
或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中: A係選自由以下組成之群:
V為氫、鹵基或-ORh ; R1、Rla及Rlb係獨立地選自由氫、Cl_6烷基、C Cw烷基、_C(0)C6•丨0芳基及烷基組成之群,〇方基· R2及R2a在每次出現時係獨立地選自由鹵基、羥基、Cm 烧基及C!·6烧氧基纟且成之群; R3為齒基、羥基、Cl6烷基、鹵基Cl-6烷基、C3.l0環烷 基、C,·6烷氧基或鹵基C|.3烷氧基; R4係選自由以下組成之群·· I63058.doc 201245219
HgN
R5為胺基酸側鏈; R6為C!-6烷基、(:3.10環烷基、c3-10環烷基-c!_4烷基、3至 w員雜環烷基、(3至1〇員雜環烷基)_Cl 4烷基、C6 |〇芳基、
Ce-io芳基-C!.4烷基、5至10員雜芳基或(5至1〇員雜芳基)· C 1 -4燒基; R7在每次出現時獨立地為氫、Cl·6烷基、a 1〇環烷基、 C3-ig環烷基-Cw烷基、3至10員雜環烷基、(3至1〇員雜環 烷基)-Cy烷基、C6-】〇芳基、c6i()芳基_Ci4烷基、5至⑺員 雜芳基或(5至10員雜芳基)_Cl_4烷基; η為〇、1、2或3;及 q為0、1或2。 本發明化合物適用於治療由鈉_D_葡萄糖共轉運體 (SGLT)介導之疾病及減,例如高崎、糖尿病及其類似 疾病及病狀。本發明亦提供治療該等疾病及病狀之方法, 及用於其治療之化合物及組合物等。 本發明化合物為前藥,其在活體内A謝時具有納-葡 萄糖共轉運體(SGLT)抑制仙,其有利於預防、管理、治 療、控制進展或輔助治療可自抑制贿獲益之疾病及; 醫學病狀’諸如糖尿病(包括!型及„型糖尿病)、高血糖、 月巴胖症、血脂異常、姨島素抗性及其他代謝症候群及域糖 厂病相關併發症’包括視網膜病變、 163058.doc 201245219 缺血性心臟病、動脈硬化、β細胞功能障礙,及用作肥胖 症之治療劑及/或預防劑。 【實施方式】 定義 除非另有明確說明’否則術語「本發明化合物」係指式 (I)化合物(包括實例)及其鹽(較佳為醫藥學上可接受之 鹽),以及式(I)之所有立體異構體(包括非對映異構體及對 映異構體)、互變異構體及同位素標記化合物(例如氘取 代)’以及自然形成部分(例如多晶型、溶劑合物及/或水合 物)。 以下疋義中,諸如烷基、烷氧基、芳基等基團之必需碳 原子數表不為C,·6、C,·4等。舉例而言,Ci 6烷氧基具有i 至6個碳原子且C1-10雜芳基具有1至10個碳原子。 如本文所用,術語「烷基」係指完全飽和之分支鏈或未 为支烴部分。烷基較佳包含i至20個碳原子,更佳i至16個 碳原子、1至10個碳原子、i至6個碳原子或i至4個碳原 子。烷基之代表性實例包括(但不限於)甲基、乙基、正丙 基、異丙基、正丁基、第二丁基、異丁基、第三丁基正 戊基、異戊基、新戊基、正己基、3_甲基己基、2,2_二甲 基戊基、2,3-二曱基戊基、正庚基、正辛基、正壬基或正 癸基。 如本文所用,術語「函烷基」係指經一或多個如本文中 所定義之南基取代的如本文中所定義之烷基。函烷基可為 單鹵烷基、二_烷基或多!|烷基,包括全齒烷基。單鹵烷 163058.doc -10- 201245219 基可在烷基内具有一個碘、漠,、氯或氟。二鹵烷基及多鹵 烧基可在烷基内具有兩個或兩個以上相同齒原子或不同齒 基之組合。多_烷基通常含有多達12個、或1〇個、或8 個或6個或4個、或3個或2個鹵基。鹵烧基之非限制性 實例包括敗甲基、二氣甲基、三氟甲基、氣甲基、二氣曱 基、三氣甲基、五氟乙基、+氣丙基、二氣氯甲基、二氯 氣甲基、二氟乙基、二氟丙基、二氣乙基及二氯丙基。全 函烧基係才旨所有氫原子均經齒基原子置換之烧基。 伸烷基」係指直鏈或分支鏈二價烴鏈,其具有1至12 個碳原子,較佳丨至6個碳原子且將分子其餘部分連接至基 團。伸烧基之實例包括亞曱基、伸乙基、伸丙基、伸正丁 基及其類似基團。伸烷基經單鍵連接至分子其餘部分且經 單鍵連接至基團。伸烧基與分子其餘部分及與基團之連接 點可經由该鏈内之一個碳或任何兩個碳。 「鹵素」或「鹵基」可為氟、氣、溴或碘。 如本文所用,術語「烷氧基」係指烷基-0-,其中烷基 ? 中疋義。烧氧基之代表性賞例包括(但不限於)甲氧 基:乙氧基、@氧基、2_丙氧基、丁氧基、第三丁氧基、 戊氧基、己氧基、環丙氧基·、環己氧基.及其類似基團。 烷氧基較佳具有約1-6個碳,更佳約1-4個碳。 如^文所用’術語「齒院氧基」係指經—或多個如本文 中〜義之_基取代之如本文中所定義找氧基。函烧氧 基可為單南烷氧基、二鹵烷氧基或多鹵烷氧基,包括全_ 烷氧基。單齒烷氧基可在烷氧基内具有〗個碘、溴、氣或 163058.doc 201245219 氟。一鹵烧氧基及多齒院氧基可在炫氧基内具有兩個或兩 個以上相同齒原子或不同_基之組合。多_烷氧基通常含 有多達12個、或1〇個、或8個、或6個、或4個、或3個或2 個鹵基。鹵烷基之非限制性實例包括氟甲氧基、二氟甲氧 基、三氟甲氧基、氯甲氧基、二氯甲氧基、三氣甲氧基、 五氟乙氧基、七氟丙氧基、二氟氯曱氧基、二氣氟甲氧 基、二氟乙氧基、二氟丙氧基、二氯乙氧基及二氯丙氧 基。全鹵烧氧基係指所有氫原子均由函原子置換之院氧 基。 術語「芳基」係指環部分中具有6_1G個碳原子之單環或 雙環芳族烴基。實例包括苯基及萘基。 術語「芳基」亦指芳基環與—或多個非芳族碳環基稍合 之基團’ Pg:制條件為環系統中至少i個環為芳族環。非限 制性實例包括m1Hu.基及…,心四氯蔡_2_ 基。 術^务基烷基」係指芳基經伸烷基(其 .丨/土、、六1馮分支金 未分支鏈)連接至另一部分。 基、2-苯基-乙基、2| X ▲貫例包括為 土)丁 基及其類似基團。 如本文中所用,街往「 °。雜核基」係指視情況經取代之 其為3、4、5、6: …“或別三心统且切二員雙個環或1。、11、12 原子,其中_亦可視情況 :及= 可連接於雜原子或碳原子 = 氧化態。㈣基 '、隹衣基可包括稠合環或橋 163058.doc •12. 201245219 %以及螺環。雜環之實例包括二氫呋喃基、",”二氧雜環 戍烧基、1,4·二囉燒基、噻烷基、哌嗪基、丨,3-二氧 雜環戊烧基、定基、咪㈣基、料咬基、二氮旅喃 基、氧硫雜環纽基、二硫雜環統基、υ.ϋ基、 1,3-二噻烷基、氧硫雜環己烷基、硫嗎啉基、環氧乙烷 基、氮丙啶基、氧雜環丁烷基、氮雜環丁烷基、四氫呋喃 基、吡咯啶基、四氫哌喃基、哌啶基、嗎啉基、氮呼基、 氧呼基、噁氮呼基及二氮呼基。 如本文中所用,術语「碳環基」係指具有3-12個碳原 子,較佳3-9個,或3-7個碳原子之飽和或部分不飽和(但非 芳族)單環、雙環或三環烴基,例示性單環烴基包括(但不 限於)環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、環戊烯基、環己基或環 己烯基。例示性雙環烴基包括莰基、十氫萘基、雙環 [2.1.1] 己基、雙環[2.2.1]庚基、雙環[2.2.1]庚烯基、66_二 曱基雙環[3.1.1]庚基、2,6,6-三甲基雙環[3」·丨]庚基或雙環 [2.2.2] 辛基。例示性三環烴基包括金剛烷基。「環烷基」 為完全飽和碳環基。 如本文中所用’術語「雜芳基」係指具有1至8個選自 Ν、〇或S之雜原子且在環系統中具有至少1個碳原子,較 佳Μ 0個’更佳1 -6個碳原子之5-14員單環或雙環或多環芳 族環系統。雜芳基較佳為5-10員或5-7員環系統。單環雜芳 基之實例包括吡啶基、噻吩基、呋喃基、吡咯基、吡。坐 基、咪唑基、噁唑基、異噁唑基、噻唑基、異噻唑基、三 唑基、噁二唑基、噻二唑基及四唑基。雙環雜芳基之實例 I63058.doc •13· 201245219 包括,朵基、苯并七南基、異嗜琳基、,坐基… 基、異°引°朵基"引0朵嘻基、苯并味。坐基及嗤琳基Γ氧°弓°木 術語「雜芳基」亦指芳族環與—或多 雜環基料之基0,_條件 基或 欢卢β ε丨、, 乐既甲至少—個環為芳 、衣y固3有雜原子’例如3,4-二氫-2H-苯并 [b][l,4]。惡嗪-7-基及1,2,3,4_四氫。奎琳_7基。 雜芳基可為單環、雙環、三環或多環,較佳為單環、雙 環或三環’更佳為單環或雙環。 又 術語「雜芳基烧基」係指雜芳基經由分支鏈或未分支伸 烧基連接至另一部分。雜:¾:且py·— 1刀雜方基烷基之實例包括2_(吡啶·3_ 基)-乙基、3_(喹啉_7_基)_ 丁]基及其類似基團。 雜方基」及「雜環基」亦意欲包括經氧化之S*N, 諸如亞磺醯基、磺醯基及三級環氮之小氧化物。 除非另有明確指示’㈣在基I组合於本文中稱為一個 部分(例如芳基烷基)的情況下’最後提及之基團含有該部 分藉以連接至分子其餘部分的原子。 胺基酸具有以下結構式:
H2N
OH 其中R"為胺基酸側鏈。術語「胺基酸側鏈」係指天然存在 胺基3九以及非標準胺基酸之側鍵。天然存在胺基酸包括甘 胺酸(側鏈為氫)、丙胺酸、半胱胺酸、天冬醯胺、麩醯胺 酸、麵胺酸、精胺酸、天冬胺酸、組胺酸、離胺酸、異白 163058.doc 201245219 胺酸、白胺酸、甲硫胺酸、苯丙胺酸、脯胺酸、絲胺酸、 蘇胺酸、色胺酸、酪胺酸及纈胺酸。非標準胺基酸包括 3,5-二溴酪胺酸、3,5-二碘酪胺酸、偕·二甲基甘胺酸、声 基賴胺酸、α-胺基丁酸、羥基脯胺酸、羊毛硫胺酸、甲狀 腺素、鳥胺酸及瓜胺酸。較佳胺基酸側鏈為纈胺酸之側 鍵。 「立體異構體」係指由相同鍵所鍵結之相同原子構成但 具有不同二維結構之化合物’其不可互換。本發明涵蓋各 種立體異構體及其混合物且包括「對映異構體」,對映異 構體係指分子互為不可重疊之鏡像的兩種立體異構體。、、 本發明化合物可以—或多種幾何學、光學、對映異構、 非對映異構及互變異構形式存在,包括⑽限於)順式及 反切式形式m内消旋形式、職稀醇 形式。所㈣等異構形式均包括於本發明中。異構形式可 性純或增濃形式’以及異構體之混合物(例如外消 紅或非對映異構體混合物)。 因此,本發明提供: •式(I)化合物之立體異構體混合物; :)化:物之非對映異構性増濃或非對映異構性純異 了化合物之對映異構性増漢或對映異構性純異構 適當時, 技術及再結 異構體可藉由應用或改適已知 晶技術)自其混合物分離。適當 方法(例如層析 時,異構體可 163058.doc •15· 201245219 藉由應用或改適已知方法(例如不對稱合成)來製備。 除非另有指示’否則本發明意欲包括所有該等可能之異 冓體以及其外消旋及光學純形式。光學活性(+)及(·)' W-及⑻-或⑼-及(L)_異構體可使㈣掌性合成或對掌性 試劑來製備,或使用諸如HPLC(使用對掌性管柱)之習知技 術來解析。當本文所描述之化合物含有稀系雙鍵或其他幾 何不對稱中心時,且除非另有說明,否則希望該等化合物 包括E幾何異構體及Z幾何異構體。同樣,亦希望包括所有 互變異構形式。 如本文所用,術言吾「鹽」係指本發明化合物之酸加成鹽 或驗加成鹽。「鹽」尤其包括「醫藥學上可接受之鹽」。^ 語「醫藥學上可接受之鹽」係指保留本發明化合物之生物 效用及性質且通常在生物學上或其他方面合乎需要之鹽。 在許多情況下’本發明化合物由於存在胺基及/或叛基或 其類似基團而能夠形成酸式鹽及/或鹼式鹽。 醫樂學上可接受之酸加成鹽可用無機酸及有機酸形成, 例如乙酸鹽、天冬胺酸鹽、苯甲酸鹽、苯續酸鹽、漠化物/ 氫/臭I鹽、奴酸氫鹽/碳酸鹽、硫酸氫鹽/硫酸鹽、樟腦磺 酸鹽、氣化物/鹽酸鹽、氣茶驗鹽、檸檬酸鹽、乙烧二磺 酸鹽、反丁烯二酸鹽、葡庚糖酸鹽、葡糖酸鹽、葡糖醛酸 鹽、馬尿酸鹽、氫蛾酸鹽/峨化物、經乙基續酸鹽、乳酸 鹽、礼糖酸鹽、月桂基硫酸鹽、蘋果酸鹽、順丁烯二酸 鹽、丙二酸鹽、杏仁酸鹽、甲磺酸鹽、曱基硫酸鹽、萘曱 酸鹽、萘磺酸鹽、菸鹼酸鹽、硝酸鹽、十八酸鹽、油酸 163058.doc •16· 201245219 鹽、草酸鹽、棕櫊酸鹽、雙羥萘酸鹽、磷酸鹽/磷酸氫鹽/ 構酸二氳鹽、聚半乳糖盛·酸鹽、丙酸鹽、硬脂酸鹽、丁二 酸鹽、磺基水揚酸鹽、酒石酸鹽、甲苯磺酸鹽及三氟乙酸 镑 〇 可用於產生鹽之無機酸包括例如鹽酸、氫溴酸、硫酸、 硝酸、磷酸及其類似酸。 可用於產生鹽之有機酸包括例如乙酸、丙酸、乙醇酸、 草酸、順丁烯二酸、丙二酸、丁二酸、反丁烯二酸、酒石 酸、擰檬酸、苯甲酸、杏仁酸、甲烧續酸、乙烧石黃酸、甲 苯磺酸、磺基水揚酸及其類似酸。可用無機及有機鹼形成 醫藥學上可接受之鹼加成鹽。 可用於產生鹽之無機鹼包括例如銨鹽及週期表第I行至 第XII行之金屬。在某些實施例中’鹽係來源於鈉、鉀、 銨、鈣、鎂、鐵、銀、鋅及銅;尤其合適鹽包括銨鹽、鉀 鹽、鈉鹽、鈣鹽及鎂鹽。 可用於產生鹽之有機鹼包括例如一級胺、二級胺及三級 胺;經取代之胺’包括天然存在之經取代之胺;環胺;驗 離子交換樹脂及其類似物。某些有機胺包括異丙胺、苯甲 星青黴素(benzathine)、膽茶鹼、二乙醇胺、二乙胺、離胺 酸、葡甲胺、哌嗪及緩血酸胺。 可藉由習知化學方法自鹼性或酸性部分合成本發明之醫 藥學上可接受之鹽。一般而言,該等鹽可由此等化合物之 游離酸形式與化學計量之量的適當鹼(諸如Na ' ca ' Mg咬 K之氫氧化物、破酸鹽、碳酸氫鹽或其類似物)反應或由此 I63058.doc •17· 201245219 等化合物之游離鹼形式與化學計量之量的適當酸反應來製 備。該等反應通常在水中或在有機溶劑中或在二者之混合 物中進行。一般而言,在切實可行的情況下,需要使用非 水性介質,如乙醚、乙酸乙酯、乙醇、異丙醇或乙腈。其 他合適鹽之清單可見於例如以下文獻中:「Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences」,第 20 版,Mack Publishing Company, Easton,Pa.,(1985);及「Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts: Properties,Selection,and Use」,Stahl及Wermuth (Wiley-VCH,
Weinheim,Germany,2002)。 此外,本發明化合物(包括其鹽)亦可以其水合物或溶劑 合物(其包括用於結晶之溶劑)形式獲得。本發明化合物可 固有地或有意與醫藥學上可接受之溶劑(包括水)形成溶劑 合物;因此’本發明意欲涵蓋溶劑合物及非溶劑合物形 式。術語「溶劑合物」係指本發明化合物(包括其醫藥學 上可接受之鹽)與一或多個溶劑分子之分子複合物。該等 溶劑分子為醫藥技術中常用溶劑分子,已知其對於接受者 無害,例如水、乙醇及其類似物。術語「水合物」係指溶 劑分子為水之複合物。 本發明化合物(包括其鹽、水合物及溶劑合物)可固有地 或經設計形成多晶型物。 為清楚起見,本發明化合物包括存在於式(I)及本文所揭 示之任何實例或實施例中之原子的所有同位素。舉例而 言,Η(或氫)表示氬之任何同位素形式,包括2h(D)及 3H(T) ; C表示碳之任何同位素形式,包括12c、nc及14C ; 163058.doc -18- 201245219 :表示氧之任何同位素形式,包括ί6 氮之任何同位素形 〇,Ν表不 何同位素形式,包括表示叙任 ,,及P,S表示硫之任何同位素形 式,包括32S及35S . F本_ = u U位素形 及4㈣1 、不氟之任何同位素形式,包括4 久t,1丨表不氯之任何同位音 36amm. 』位素形式,包括35ci、%及 ,、《凊況。在較佳實施例中, 合物包含其中屌早3甘 π *式(I)表不之化 …、其天然存在豐度的異構體。然而,在 某二情況下,需要使通 -或多個;/ 豐度存在之特定同位素中 J多個原子增漠。舉例而言,4通常將以大於99.98%豐 :3然而,本發明化合物可在-或多個存在Η之位置 增濃。在式⑴化合物之特定實施例中,當例如 氮以氖同位素增濃時,符號「D」可用於表示增濃之氛。 八)曰漢時,該化合物可用於藥物及/或受質組織分佈 二析。類似地’正電子發射同位素(諸如丨I。、18F、15〇及 ΠΝ)增濃可適用於正電子發射斷層攝影術(ρΕτ)研究,以檢 查受質受體佔用率。應瞭解’本發明涵蓋抑制贿之所 有該等同位素形式。 通常可使用合適同位素增濃試劑代替先前使用之非增濃 试劑’藉由熟習此項技術者已知的習知技術或與本文中所 描述類似之方法製備同位素增濃之式⑴化合物。 本發明化合物’亦即含有能夠充當氫鍵之供體及,或受 體之基團的式⑴化合物能夠與合適共晶體形成物形成共晶 體。該等共晶體可藉由已知共晶體形成程序自式⑴化合物 163058.doc -19· 201245219 製備。該等程序包括在溶液中將式⑴化合物與共晶體形成 物起在結晶條件下研磨、加熱、共昇華、共溶融或接觸 及分離由此形成之共晶體。合適共晶體形成物包括wo 2004/078163中描述之共晶體形成物。因此,本發明另外 k供包含式(I)化合物之共晶體。 如本文所用,在一個實施例中,術語「治療」任何疾病 或病症係指緩解疾病或病症(亦即減緩或阻止或減慢疾病 發展或其至少一種臨床症狀)。在另一實施例中,「治療」 係指減輕或緩解至少一個身體參數,包括患者不可辨別之 身體參數。在另一實施例中,「治療」係指在身體上(例如 穩定可辨別症狀)、在生理上(例如穩定身體參數,例如血 糖)或在兩者上調節疾病或病症。在另一實施例中,「治 療」係指預防或延緩疾病或病症之發作或發展或進程。 如本文所用,若個體經治療而在生物學、醫學或生活品 質方面受益,則該個體「需要」該治療。 本發明化合物之投藥量應為化合物或衍生物用於治療疾 病或病狀或其症狀之治療有效量及化合物或衍生物用於預 防疾病或病狀或其症狀之預防有效量。 術語本發明化合物之「治療有效量」係指將引起個體之 生物學或醫學反應(例如酶或蛋白質活性降低或抑制),或 改善症狀,減輕病狀’減緩或延緩疾病進程或預防疾病等 之本發明化合物之量。在一個非限制性實施例中,術 「治療有效量」係指在投與個體時可有效引起以下作用 本發明化合物之量:(1)至少部分緩和、抑制 '預防及/ 163058.doc •20- 201245219 改善病狀或疾病或其症狀’其中該病狀或疾病或其症狀⑴ 由SGLT1及/或SGLT2介導,(ii)與SGLT1及/或SGLT2活性 有關’(iii)以SGLT1及/或SGLT2活性(正常或異常)為特 徵·’或(2)藉由降低或抑制SGLT1及/或SGLT2活性實現緩 和。在另一非限制性實施例中,術語「治療有效量」係指 當投與細胞或組織或非細胞生物物質或培養基時可有效地 至少部分降低或抑制SGLT1及/或SGLT2之活性,或至少部 分降低或抑制SGLT1及/或SGLT2之表現的本發明化合物之 量。確切劑量通常將視投藥時患者之狀況而定。確定劑量 時可能考慮到的因素包括患者之疾病病況的嚴重程度、患 者之一般健康狀況、年齡、體重、性別、飲食、投藥之時 間、頻率及途徑、藥物組合、反應敏感性及患者對療法之 耐文性或反應。精確量可藉由常規實驗確定,但最終可在 於臨床醫師之判斷。一般而言,有效劑量將為每天〇〇1 mg/kg(藥物質量對比患者質量)至每天1〇〇〇 mg/kg ,例如每 天1 至母天1〇〇 mg/kg或每天1 mg/kg至每天1〇 mg/kg。可將組合物個別地投與患者或可與其他藥劑藥 物或激素組合投與。 士本文所用,術語「個體」係指動物。動物通常為喷乳 動物。個體亦指例如靈長類動物(例如人類,男性或女 性)、牛、綿[山_、馬、狗、貓、兔、大鼠、小鼠、 魚' 鳥及其類似物。在某些實施例中,個體為靈長類動 物。在其他實施例中,個體為人類。 士本文所用’術語「抑制」係指減輕或抑制既定病狀、 I63058.doc -21 - 201245219 '或病症或疾病’或顯著降低生物活性或過程之基線活 性。 如本文所用,術古i「、广— 《「. °° 疾病」及病狀」可互換使用,或 其不同之處可在於特定沾 .,,., 行疋的病(malady)或病狀可能不具有已 知病原體(使得病原尚未 研九出)且因此其尚未被視為一種 疾病而僅被視為一種不杏 裡+田病狀或症候群,其中一組或多或 少特定之症狀已由臨床盤έ W師4α別出。如本文中所用,術語 「病症」與「病狀」同義。 術語「包含」涵蓋「包括 「 〇括」以及由…組成」,例如 包含J X之組合物可能僅由χ組成或可能包括其他物 質,例如Χ+Υ。 「實質上」一詞不排降「办人 F Lf' 70全」,例如「實質上不含」γ 之組合物可能完全不含γ。苦f ,士欲ηη 右莴要,本發明之定義可省略 「實質上」一詞。 關於數值X之術語「約」意謂例如技1〇%。 除非本文中另有說明或與上下文明顯衝突,否則本文所 述之所有方法可以任何合適次序執行。使用本文所提供之 任何及所有實例或例示性語言(例如「諸如」)僅意欲較佳 地說明本發明,且不對另外所 个耵力外所主張之本發明之範疇造成限 制。 除非本文中另有說明或與上下文明顯衝突,否則如本文 所用’本發明之上τ文中(尤其在申請專利範圍之上下文 中)所用之術語「一」、「該」及類似術語應解釋為包 數及複數。 163058.doc -22- 201245219 應瞭解’除非明確說明基團經取代或可視情況經取代, 否則基團為未經取代。 本發明化合物 本文描述本發明之多種實施例。應認識到各實施例中特 定說明之特徵可與其他特定說明之特徵組合以提供其他實 施例。 在一個實施例中,本發明提供式⑴化合物:
或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中: A係選自由以下組成之群:
V
Rl、Rla及Rlb係獨立地選自由氫、C,.6烧基、c从 -Cm烷基' ·<:(〇)(:6,芳基及_c(〇)Ci6烷基組成之群; R2及R2a在每次出現時係獨立地選自由鹵基、羥基、〔 163058.doc •23· 201245219 烧基及Cu烧氧基組成之群; R3為鹵基、羥基、Cw燒基、南 · 基' α·6烧氧基或函基Cl.3燒氣基.基' 環烧 R4係選自由以下組成之群: Ο
R5為胺基酸側鏈; 3-1〇碳環基-Ci_4烷基、3至 K4烷基、c6_,〇芳基、C6丨。 或(5至10員雜芳基)-CU4 尺為0!1.6烧基、(1!3_1()碳環基、匸 10員雜環基、(3至10員雜環基)_c 芳基-Cm烷基、5至10員雜芳基、 烧基; R在母次出現時獨立地為氫、 勺軋C丨·6烷基、C3_1Q碳環基 C3-H)碳環基-C丨·4烷基、3至10員雜搭I f 貝雜環基、(3至1 〇員雜環基
Ci-4 院基、c6.10 芳基、c6_10 芳 I r A w 10方丞-Ci-4烷基、5至10員雜 基、或(5至10員雜芳基)_Cl.4烷基; η為〇、1、2或3 ;及 q為〇、1或2。 在—個實施例中,本發明提供式⑴化合物或其醫藥學上 可接受之鹽,其中η為〇。 在另一實施例中,本發明提供式⑴化合物或其醫藥學上 可接受之鹽,其中q為〇。 在另一實施例中’本發明提供式⑴化合物成其醫藥學上 163058.doc -24· 201245219 可接受之鹽,其中A為
在另一實施例中,本發明提供式⑴化合物或其醫藥學上 可接受之鹽,其中V為-ORb。 在另一實施例中,本發明提供式⑴化合物或其醫藥學上 可接受之鹽’其中R1、Rla及Rlb為氫。 在另一實施例中,本發明提供式⑴化合物或其醫藥學上 可接受之鹽,其中R3gCl4烷基或C36環烷基。 在另一實施例中,本發明提供式⑴化合物或其醫藥學上 可接受之鹽,其中R3為乙基或環丙基。 在另一實施例中,本發明提供式⑴化合物或其醫藥學上 可接受之鹽,其中R3為乙基。 在另一實施例中,本發明提供式⑴化合物或其醫藥學上 可接受之鹽,其中R4為
在另—實施例中,本發明提供式(1)化合物或其醫藥學上 可接嗳之鹽,其中R5為天然存在之胺基酸側鏈,其係選自 由以下組成之群:甘胺酸、丙胺酸、半胱胺酸、天冬醯 胺 '麩醯胺酸、麩胺酸、精胺酸、天冬胺酸、組胺酸、離 163058.doc •25· 201245219 胺酸、異白胺酸、白胺酸、甲硫胺酸、笨丙胺酸、脯胺 酸、絲胺酸、蘇胺酸、色胺酸、酪胺酸及纈胺酸之側鏈。 在另一實施例中’本發明提供式⑴化合物或其醫藥學上 可接受之鹽’其中R5為纈胺酸之側鏈。 在另一實施例中,本發明提供式⑴化合物或其醫藥學上 可接受之鹽’其中R5為選自由以下組成之群的非標準胺基 酸側鏈:3,5-二溴酪胺酸、3,5_二碘酪胺酸、偕-二甲基甘 胺酸、經基賴胺酸、α-胺基丁酸、羥基脯胺酸、羊毛硫胺 酸、甲狀腺素、鳥胺酸及瓜胺酸之側鏈。 在另一實施例中’本發明提供式⑴化合物或其醫藥學上 可接受之鹽,其中R4為 R6、0人/。 在另一實施例中’本發明提供式(1)化合物或其醫藥學上 可接受之鹽,其中R6為Cl-6烷基、c3.8碳環基-Cm烷基、或 苯基-(^-4烧基。 在另一實施例中’本發明提供式⑴化合物或其醫藥學上 可接受之鹽,其中R6為甲基、乙基、異丁基、第三丁基、 雙環[2_2.1]庚-2-基曱基、或丨·苯基_乙_卜基。 在另一實施例中,本發明提供式⑴化合物或其醫藥學上 可接受之鹽,其中R4為
163058.doc • 26 - 201245219 在另—實施例φ , ^ γ ’本發明提供式(ι)化合物或其醫藥學卜 可接受之鹽,苴中7 、 /、甲R在母次出現時獨立地為氫或C丨^烷 基0 貫施例中,本發明提供式(I)化合物或其醫藥學上 可接受之鹽,复Φ夂A ’、 、τ各R7均為乙基。 在另f施例中’本發明提供式⑴化合物或其醫藥學上 可接受之鹽’纟中各r7均為氫。 、 在另-實施命J中,|發明提供式⑴化合物或其醫藥學上 可接受之鹽,其中: 〃 Α係選自由以下組成之群
V為-〇Rlb ; ri、Rimib為氫; R為(^-6烧基或c;3.1()環烧基; R4為:
R5為胺基酸側鏈;及 η及q為0。 在另一實施例中,本發明提供式⑴化合物或其醫藥學上 可接受之鹽,其中: 163058.doc •27· 201245219 A係選自由以下組成之群
Ο V為-ORlb ; R1、Rla&Rlb為氫; R3為Ci_6烧基或C3-IG環烧基; R4為:
H2N
R5為纈胺酸側鏈;及 η及q為0。 在另一實施例中,本發明提供式(I)化合物或其醫藥學上 可接受之鹽,其中: A係選自由以下組成之群
V為氫、鹵基或-ORlb ; R1、Rla&Rlb為氫; 113為(:1.6烷基或0 3-10 環烷基; R4為: 163058.doc -28 · 201245219
芳基-C1- R為c1-6烧基、c3_10破環基基、 烧基;及 η及q為〇。 胃g學上 在另一實施例中,本發明提供式⑴化合物戒其邊’、 可接受之鹽,其中: A係選自由以下組成之群
v為氫、鹵基或-〇Rlb ; R1、Rla及 Rlb為氫; R為匚,-6烷基或Cno環烷基; R4為:
R6為曱基、乙基、異丁基、第三丁基、雙環[2_2.1]庚-2-基曱基或1-苯基-乙-1-基;及 η及q為〇。 在另一實施例中,本發明提供式(I)化合物或其醫藥學上 可接受之鹽,其中: A係選自由以下組成之群 I63058.doc •29· 201245219
Ό> V為氫、鹵基或-ORlb ; R1、Rla&Rlb為氫; R3為〇1.6炫>基或〇3.1〇環烧基; R4為: Ο
R7在每次出現時獨立地為氫或Cw烷基;及 η及q為0。 在另一實施例中,本發明提供式(I)化合物或其醫藥學上 可接受之鹽,其中: A係選自由以下組成之群
V為氫、鹵基或-ORlb ; R1、Rla&Rlb為氫; R3為(^_6烷基或C3.1Q環烷基; R4為:
163058.doc -30- 201245219 各R均為氫或各R7均為乙基;及 n&q為〇。 在另—實施例中,本發明提供式(I)化合物或其醫藥學上 可接受t S® | ’其中該化合物係選自由以下組成之群: (R) 2' 胺基-3-曱基-丁酸(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-[3-(2,3-二 氫苯并[1,4]二氧雜環己烯-6-基甲基)-4-乙基-苯基]-3,4,5-一羥基-四氫·哌喃·2_基曱酯; 碳馱(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-[4-環丙基-3-(2,3-二氫·苯并 Π,4]一氧雜環己烯_6_基曱基)_苯基]·3,4,5•三羥基-四氫_哌 喃-2-基甲酯曱酯; 石反酸(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-[4-環丙基-3-(2,3-二氫-苯并 t1,4]一氧雜環己烯_6_基甲基苯基]_3,4,5_三羥基-四氫_哌 喃-2-基甲酯乙酯; 碳酸(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-[4-環丙基-3-(2,3-二氫-苯并 [1’4] 一氧雜環己稀-6-基曱基)-苯基]-3,4,5-三經基-四氫-口底 。南-2-基曱酯異丁酯; 碳酸(2汉,38,4尺,5尺,63)-6-[3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜 環己稀·6-基曱基)-4-乙基-苯基]-3,4,5-三羥基-四氫-哌喃· 2-基甲酯乙酯; 碳酸(211,38,411,511,68)-6-[3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜 %己婦-6-基曱基)-4-乙基-苯基]-3,4,5-三羥基-四氫_0底喃_ 2-基曱酯異丁酯; 碳酸第三丁酯(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-[3-(2,3-二氫-苯并 [14]二氧雜環己烯-6-基曱基)-4-乙基-苯基]-3,4,5·三羥基- I63058.doc 31 201245219 四氫-哌喃-2-基曱酯; 碳酸雙環[2.2.1]庚-2-基曱酯(211,38,411,511,68)-6-[3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜環己烯-6-基曱基)-4-乙基-苯基]_ 3,4,5-三經基-四氮-略0南-2 -基曱§旨; 碳酸(211,3 8,411,511,68)-6-[3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜 環己烯-6-基曱基)-4-乙基-苯基]-3,4,5-三羥基-四氫-哌喃_ 2-基曱酯(S)-l-苯基-乙酯; 磷酸(211,3 8,411,511,68)-6-[3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜 環己稀-6-基曱基)-4-乙基-苯基]-3,4,5-三經基-四氫_。底。南_ 2-基曱酯二乙酯; 磷酸(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-[4-環丙基-3-(2,3-二氫-笨并 [1,4]二氧雜環己烯-6-基甲基)-笨基]-3,4,5-三羥基-四氩_0底 喃-2-基甲酯二乙酯; 磷酸單-{(211,38,411,511,68)_6-[3-(2,3-二氫-笨并[1,4]二氧 雜環己烯-6-基曱基)-4-乙基-苯基]-3,4,5-三羥基-四氫_0底 喃-2-基甲基}酯。 在另一實施例中’式(I)中之變數為由以下實例部分中之 基團定義之變數。 在另一實施例中,本發明之個別化合物為以下實例部分 中列舉之化合物。 疾病及病狀之·/台療 已發現式⑴化合物為SGLT之抑制劑。如本文中所用, 抑制SGLT意謂僅抑制SGLT2,僅抑制吣⑺或抑制sGm 及SGLT2兩者。 163058.doc -32- 201245219 本發明提供式(i)化合物式甘财— 用& a 3 '、醤藥學上可接受之鹽,其係 用療。本發明另外提 ^^ . ''匕a式(I)化合物或其醫藥學上 了接又之鹽以及醫藥學上 ,J得又之賦形劑之醫藥組合物。 本發明另外提^技么;底 " 鈉-D-葡萄糖共轉運體介導之疾 病或病狀之方法,其包含投 ,,.^ 又/、個體治療有效量之式(I)化合 物或其醫藥學上可接受 人t|之步驟。本發明亦提供式(I)化 &物或其醫藥學上可接受之踏 »·之用途’其係用於製造用以 治療由鈉·D㈣糖共轉運體介導之疾病或病狀之藥劑。 本發明亦提供式⑴化合物或其f藥學上可接受之鹽,其係 用於治療由鈉-D-葡萄糖共轉運體介導之疾病或病狀。 本發明化合物之SGLT抑制活性可藉由下文中揭示之 LT2及SGLT1分析來證a月。較佳本發明化合物在sglt2 分析令之IC50<l〇〇 nM,在一個實施例中<3〇 nM,在一個 實施例中<20 nM,在一個實施例中<1〇 nM,在另一實施 例中<5 nM,且在另一實施例中 nM,且在另一實施例 中<0.5 nM。在另一實施例中,較佳本發明化合物在 8〇1/1'1刀析中之1€5〇<:10,00〇]1^4’在一個實施例中<1500 nM ’在一個實施例中<1000 nM,在一個實施例中<7〇〇 nM,在另一實施例中<5〇〇 nM且在另一實施例中<2〇〇 nM。 本發明亦提供治療糖尿病之方法,其包含投與有需要之 個體式⑴化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽。 在另一實施例中,本發明提供治療哺乳動物之由鈉-D-葡萄糖共轉運體介導之疾病或病狀之方法,其包含投與有 163058.doc •33· 201245219 需要之哺乳動物治療有效量之式⑴化合物或其醫藥學上可 接受之鹽》 本發明化合物適用於預防性及治療性治療與抑制SGLT-2 及/或S GLT-1有關之疾病或病狀。 1.由納-D·葡萄糖共轉運體介導之疾病及病狀 本發明適用於治療由鈉葡萄糖共轉運體介導之疾病 或病症《由納-D·葡萄糖共轉運體介導之疾病或病狀包 括:代謝障礙、視網膜病變、腎病變、糖尿病足、潰瘍、 大血管病變、代謝性酸中毒或酮病、反應性低血糖症、高 胰島素血症、葡萄糖代謝障礙、胰島素抗性、代謝症候群 (諸如企月曰異常、肥胖症、胰島素抗性、高血壓、微白蛋 白尿症、高尿酸血症及高凝血性)、不同起因之血脂異 常、動脈粥樣硬化及相關疾病、高血壓、慢性心臟衰竭、 水腫、高尿酸血症、症候群乂、糖尿病、膜島素抗性、葡 萄糖耐受性降低(亦稱為葡萄糖耐受不良,、非胰島 素依賴性糖尿病、Η型糖尿病、⑶糖尿病、糖尿病併發 症、體重失調、體重減輕、體重指數及痩素(leptin)相關疾 病在i固實施例中,疾病及病狀包括代謝症候群(諸如 血脂異常、肥胖症、姨島素抗性、高血壓、微白蛋白尿 症、高尿酸血症及高凝血性)、症候群X、糖尿病、騰島素 抗性、葡萄糖耐受性降低(亦稱為葡萄糖耐受不良:、 IGT)、非胰島素依賴性糖尿病、n型糖尿病、!型糖尿病、 糖尿病併發症、體重失調、II f @ ^體重減輕、體重指數及痩素相 關疾病。在一個實施例中,疾症式 展届次病症為葡萄糖耐受性降 163058.doc -34· 201245219 低、π型糖尿病或肥胖症。 式⑴化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽亦可適用於預防ρ 細胞退化,諸如胰臟β-細胞之細胞凋亡或壞死,用於改良 或恢復胰臟細胞功能,增加胰臟β-細胞數目及大小,用作 利尿劑或抗高血壓劑及用於預防及治療急性腎功能衰竭。 作為另一態樣,本發明係關於一種治療選自〗型及π型糖 尿病、糖尿病併發症之病症的方法,其包含投與有效量之 式(I)化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽。 如本文中使用,若患者呈現以下至少一者,則該患者患 有「肥胖症」: •身體質量指數(ΒΜΙ),亦即,患者之質量(kg)除以患 者身高(m)之平方,為30或大於3〇; •男性絕對腰圍>102 cm或女性絕對腰圍>88 cm ; •男性腰/臀比>0.9或女性腰/臀比>〇·85;或 •男性體脂肪百分比>25%或女性體脂肪百分比>3〇0/〇。 如本文中使用,若患者滿足世界衛生組織之糖尿病診斷 準則(Definition and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and intermediate hyperglycaemia,WHO,2006),亦即,該患者 呈現以下至少一者’則其患有「Π型糖尿病」: •空腹血衆葡萄糖之7.0mmol/l(126mg/dl);或 •攝取75 g口服葡萄糖負荷後2小時,靜脈血漿葡萄糖 211.1 mmol/l(200 rng/dl)。 如本文中所用’若患者滿足世界衛生組織之IGT診斷準 則(Definition and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and 163058.doc -35- 201245219 intermediate hyperglycaemia,WHO,2006),亦即,該串者 呈現以下兩者,則其患有「IGT」: 二腹血浆荀萄糖<7.0 mmol/l(126 mg/dl);及 •攝取75 g 口服葡萄糖負荷後2小時,靜脈也漿葡萄糖 27.8 mmol/1 且 <ii.i mmol/l(200 mg/dl)。 投藥及調配物 1.概述 對於醫藥用途,本發明化合物可作為藥物藉由經腸或非 經腸途徑投與,包括靜脈内、肌肉内、皮下、經皮、氣管 (氣溶膠)、經口、鼻内 '直腸、陰道及局部(包括頰内及舌 下)投藥。應評估式(I)化合物之生物醫藥學特性,諸如溶 解性及溶液穩定性(整個pH值範圍)、滲透性等,以選擇用 於治療所提適應症之最適當劑型及投藥途徑。在一個實施 例中,化合物係經口投與。 本發明化合物可以結晶或非晶形產物形式投與。本發明 化合物可單獨或與一或多種本發明之其他化合物組合或與 一或多種其他藥物(或以其任何組合)組合投與。一般而 舌,其將以調配物形式與一或多種醫藥學上可接受之賦形 劑結合投與。術語「賦形劑」包括除本發明化合物以外的 任何成分’其可賦予調配物功能性(例如藥物釋放速率控 制)及/或非功能性(例如加工助劑或稀釋劑)特徵。賦形劑 之選擇將在很大程度上視諸如特定投藥模式、賦形劑對溶 解性及穩定性之影響及劑型性質之因素而定。 本發明提供醫藥組合物,其包含式(I)化合物或其醫藥學 163058.doc 36· 201245219 上可接受之賦形劑。 之賦形劑或載劑包括: 、右旋糖、蔗糖、甘露糖醇、山梨 上可接受之鹽及醫藥學上 典型醫藥學上可接受之 •稀釋劑,例如乳糖、 糖醇、纖維素及/或甘胺酸; 門π幻例如一氧化矽、滑石、硬脂酸、其鎂鹽或鈣 鹽及/或聚乙二醇; 黏a劑,例如矽酸鎂鋁、澱粉糊、明膠、黃蓍膠、甲 基纖維素、綾甲基纖維素鈉及/或聚乙烯吡咯啶酮; 崩解劑,例如澱粉、瓊脂、海藻酸或其鈉鹽,或起泡 混合物;及/或 •吸收劑、著色劑、調味劑及/或甜味劑。 醫藥學上可接受之賦形劑全面論述於Gennar〇,
Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy 2QQQ,第 20 版 (ISBN : 0683306472)。 因此,在一個實施例中’本發明提供包含式(1)化合物或 其醫藥學上可接受之鹽及一或多種醫藥學上可接受之載劑 之醫藥組合物。 2.經口投藥 本發明化合物可經口投與。經口投藥可涉及吞咽,以便 化合物進入胃腸道;及/或頰内、經舌或舌下投與,化合 物藉此直接由口進入血流。 適於經口投與之調配物包括固體栓塞、固體微粒、半固 體及液體(包括多相或分散系統)’諸如錠劑;含有多顆粒 或奈米顆粒、液體(例如水溶液)、乳液或粉末之軟或硬膠 163058.doc • 37- 201245219 囊·’ 口含錠(包括經液體填充之口含錠);咀嚼劑;凝膠; 快速分散劑型;薄膜;卵形劑;喷霧劑;及頰内/黏膜黏 附貼片。 ' 適於經口投與之調配物亦可設計成以立即釋放方式或以 速率持續方式傳遞式(I)化合物,其中釋放曲線可為延遲 型、脈衝型、控制型、持續型或延遲型及持續型,或以使 得該等化合物之治療功效得到最佳化之方式改良。以速率 持續方式傳遞化合物之手段在此項技術中為已知的且包括 可與s亥等化合物一起調配以控制該等化合物釋放的緩慢釋 放聚合物。 速率持續聚合物之實例包括可用於藉由擴散或擴散與聚 合物侵敍之組合釋放該等化合物的可降解及不可降解聚合 物。速率持續聚合物之實例包括羥丙基曱基纖維素、經丙 基纖維素、甲基纖維素、乙基纖維素、羧甲基纖維素鈉、 聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯啶酮、三仙膠、聚曱基丙烯酸酯、 聚氧化乙烯及聚乙二醇。 液體(包括多相及分散系統)調配物包括乳液、懸浮液、 溶液、糖漿及酏劑。該等調配物可作為軟或硬膠囊(例如 由明膠或羥丙基曱基纖維素製成)中之填充物存在,且通 常包含載劑’例如水、乙醇、聚乙二醇、丙二醇、曱基纖 維素或合適的油;以及一或多種乳化劑及/或懸浮劑。亦 可藉由將例如來自藥囊之固體復原來製備液體調配物。 本發明化合物亦可以快速溶解、快速崩解劑型使用,諸 如 Liang及 Chen,五jcpm k c 户_心, 163058.doc • 38 - 201245219 2001,11 (6),981-986 中所述之劑型。 錠劑之調配論述於H. Lieberman及L ^^妨,
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms: Tablets 1980,第 1 卷(Marcei
Dekker,New York)中。 3.非經腸投藥 本發明化合物可非經腸投與。 可將本發明化合物直接投與血流、皮下組織、肌肉或内 臟器官中。合適投藥方式包括靜脈内、動脈内、勒内、心 ㈣、尿道内、胸骨内、顱内、肌肉内、滑膜内及皮下投 藥。合適投藥裝置包括針(包括微針)注射器、無針注射器 及輸注技術。 ° 性溶液。在溶液為水溶液 且限於葡萄糖'甘露糖 非經腸調配物通常為水性或油 情況下,賦形劑為諸如糖(包括 醇、山梨糖醇等)、鹽、碳水化合物及緩衝劑(較佳pH值為 3至9) i_對於-些應用而言,其可更適當地調配為無菌 非水♦液或4與諸如#菌無熱原質水(刪)之$合媒劑結 合使用的乾燥形式。 ° 非、腸調配物可包括由諸如聚酯(亦即聚乳酸、聚丙交 醋、聚丙交H乙交8旨、聚己内S旨、聚經基丁酸醋)、聚 原酸醋及聚酸酐之可降解聚合物得到之植人物。此等調配 物可經由手術切〇招+ ζ 又一皮下組織、肌肉組織或直接投盥特 定器官中。 ~ ^丨士東乾法在無菌條件下製備非經腸調配物可使用 熟習此項技術者所熟知的標準醫藥技術容易地完成。 163058.doc •39- 201245219 製備非經腸溶液時所用之式⑴化合物之溶解度可藉由使 用適當調配技術來提高,諸如併入共溶劑及/或溶解度增 強劑,諸如界面活性劑、微胞結構及環糊精。 4·吸入及鼻内投藥 本發明化合物可經鼻内或藉由吸入來投與,通常自乾粉 吸入器以乾粉形式(單獨,或以混合物形式,例如與乳糖 之乾燥摻合物,或以混合組份顆粒形式,例如與諸如碟脂 醢膽驗之填脂混合)投與,自加壓容器、栗、喷射器、霧 化器(較佳為利用冑流體動力學產生細冑之霧化器)或喷霧 器以氣溶膠喷霧形式投與,可使用或不使用合適推進劑, 諸如-四氟乙貌或u山2,3,3,3_七氣丙院,或以滴鼻 劑形式投與。對於鼻内使用,粉末可包含生物黏著劑,例 如聚葡萄胺糖或環糊精。 加壓容器、眾、噴射器、霧化器或喷霧器含有本發明化 合物之溶液或懸浮液,其包含例如乙醇、乙醇水溶液或用 於活性物質之分散、增溶或延長釋放的合適替代劑、作為 溶劑之推進劑及視情況選用之界面活性劑,諸如脫水山梨 糖醇三油酸酯、油醆或寡聚乳酸。 在用於乾粉或懸浮液調配之前,將藥物產物微粉化至適 於吸入傳遞之尺寸(通常小於5微米)。此可藉由任何合適粉 碎方法達成,諸如螺旋喷射研磨、流化床喷射研磨、用於 形成奈米顆粒之超臨界流體加工、高壓均質化或喷霧乾 燥。 用於吸入Is或吹入器之膠囊(例如由明膠或羥丙基甲基 163058.doc 201245219 纖維素製成)、泡殼及濾筒可經調配以含有本發明化合物 之粉末混合物、合適粉末基質(諸如乳糖或澱粉)及效能改 質劑(諸如1-白胺酸、甘露醇或硬脂酸鎂)。乳糖可為無水 物或呈單水合物形式,較佳為後者。其他合適賦形劑包括 聚葡萄糖、葡萄糖、麥芽糖、山梨糖醇、木糖醇、果糖、 蔗糖及海藻糖》 可使用例如PGLA將用於吸入/鼻内投藥之調配物調配為 立即釋放型及/或修飾釋放型。修飾釋放型調配物包括延 遲釋放調配物、持續釋放調配物、脈衝釋放調配物、控制 釋放調配物、粗向釋放調配物及程式化釋放調配物。 5.經皮投藥 適用於經皮施用之調配物包括治療有效量之本發明化合 物及載劑。有利載劑包括藥理學上可接受之有助於穿透宿 主皮膚之可吸收溶劑。經皮裝置在特徵上呈端帶形式,其 包含襯底元件、含有化合物(視情況具有載劑)之儲集器、 視情況選用之速率控制障壁(用於在較長時段内在受控及 預定速率下傳遞化合物至宿主皮膚)及用於將裝置固定於 皮膚之構件。 組合療法 式⑴化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽可與另一種藥理活 性化合物或與兩種或兩種以上其他藥理活性化合物有效組 合用於療法中。舉例而言’如上文所定義之式⑴化合物或 其醫藥學上可接受之鹽可與一或多種用於治療先前列舉之 病症的藥劑組合,同時、依序或各別投與。 I63058.doc -41 - 201245219 適用於該組合之治療劑包括例如抗糖尿病劑,諸如二甲 雙胍、績醯腺(例如格列本腺(glibenclamide) '曱苯確丁脲 (tolbutamide)、格列美脲(glimepiride))、那格列奈 (nateglinide)、瑞格列奈(repaglinide)、°塞β坐。定二酮(例如羅 格列酮(rosiglitazone)、。比格列酮(pioglitazone))、PPAR-γ 促效劑(例如GI 262570)及拮抗劑、PPAR-γ/α調節劑(例如 KRP 297)、α-葡糖皆酶抑制劑(諸如醣祿(acarb〇se)、伏格 列波糖(voglibose))、DPPIV抑制劑(例如 LAF237、MK-431)、α2-拮抗劑 '胰島素及胰島素類似物、GLP-1及GLP-1類似物(例如腸促膝島素類似物-4(exendin-4))或澱粉素 (amylin)。該清單亦包括蛋白質酪胺酸磷酸酶1之抑制劑 (影響肝臟中失調葡萄糖產生之物質),諸如葡萄糖_6-鱗酸 酶或果糖-1,6 -二填酸酶、肝糖構酸化酶之抑制劑、升糖素 受體拮抗劑及磷烯醇丙酮酸羧基激酶、肝糖合成酶激酶或 丙酮酸脫氫激酶之抑制劑;降脂劑,諸如HMG-CoA還原 細抑制劑(例如斯伐他、汀(simvastatin)、阿托伐他;丁 (atorvastatin))、纖維酸酯(諸如苯紮貝特(bezafibrate)、非 諾貝特(fenofibrate))、菸鹼酸及其衍生物;ppAR a促效 劑;PPAR-δ促效劑;ACAT抑制劑(諸如阿沃斯米貝 (avasimibe))或膽固醇吸收抑制劑,諸如依澤替米貝 (ezetimibe) ·,膽酸結合物質,諸如消膽胺(ch〇lestyraminie); 迴腸膽酸轉運抑制劑;升高HDL之化合物,諸如CETp抑 制劑或ABC 1調節劑’或用於治療肥胖症之活性物質,諸 如諾美婷(sibutramine)或四氫里泊斯汀(tetrahydr〇lip〇statin)、 163058.doc •42· 201245219 右旋氟苯丙胺(dexfenfluramine)、阿索開(axokine)、類大 麻盼受體拮抗劑、MCH-1受體拮抗劑、MC4受體促效劑、 NPY5或NPY2拮抗劑或β3-促效劑(諸如SB_41879〇或AD-9677)及5HT2c受體促效劑。 此外’適合與影響高血壓、慢性心臟衰竭或動脈粥樣硬 化之藥物組合’諸如A-Π拮抗劑或ACE抑制劑、ECE抑制 劑、利尿劑、β-阻斷劑、Ca_拮抗劑、作用於中樞之抗高 血壓劑、α-2-腎上腺素激導性受體拮抗劑、中性肽鏈内切 酶抑制劑、血小板聚集抑制劑及其他藥物或其組合。血管 收縮素II受體拮抗劑之實例為坎地沙坦酯(candesartan cilexetil)、氣沙坦鉀(potassium 1〇sartan)、曱磺酸依普羅 沙坦(eprosartan mesyiate)、纈沙坦(valsartan)、替米沙坦 (telmisartan)、厄 158809、EXP-3312、奥美沙坦(〇imesartan)、美度米 (medoxomil)、他索沙坦(tas〇sartan)、KT 3 67l、 13、RU-64276、EMD-90423、BR-9701 等。血管收縮素 u 受體拮抗劑較佳用於治療或預防高血壓及糖尿病併發症, 其通常與利尿劑(諸如氫氣苯噻噠嗪(hydr〇chl〇r〇thiazide)) 組合。 與尿酸合成抑制劑或排尿酸藥之組合適用於治療或預防 痛風。 與GABA受體结抗劑、他離子通道阻斷劑 '托。比酿 蛋白質激酶c抑制劑、晚期糖基化終點產^ 抑制劑或醛醣還原酶抑制劑之組合可用於治療或預防糖尿 163058.doc •43· 201245219 病併發症。 該等組合在療法中可提供包括協同活性之顯著優勢。 因此本發明提供: 選自由以下組成之群之藥劑用於製造用以治療個體之由 鈉-D-葡萄糖共轉運體介導之疾病或病狀的藥物之用途·· 胰島素、胰島素衍生物或模擬劑;胰島素促泌素;促胰島 素磺醯脲受體配位體;PPAR配位體;胰島素增敏劑;雙 胍;cx-葡糖皆酶抑制劑;GLIM、GUM類似物或模擬劑; DPPIV抑制劑,HMG-CoA還原酶抑制劑;角鯊烯合成酶抑 制劑;FXR或LXR配位體;消膽胺;纖維酸酯;菸鹼酸及 阿斯匹林(aspirin);其中該藥劑係與式⑴化合物或其醫藥 學上可接受之鹽組合投與。 式(I)化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽用於製造用以治療 個體之由鈉-D-葡萄糖轉運體介導之疾病或病狀之藥物的 用途’其中該化合㈣與選自由以下組成之群的藥劑組合 投與:胰島素、膜島素衍生物、冑島素模擬劑;腺島素促 泌素;促胰島素項醯脲受體配位體;咖尺配位體;姨島 素增敏劑,·雙胍;α-葡糖㈣抑制劑;GUM、gum類似 物、GUM模擬劑,· DPPIV抑制劑;HMG-C〇A還原酶抑制 劑;角Ϊ烯合成酶抑制劑;FXR配位體、LXR配位體,·消 膽胺;纖維酸酯;菸鹼酸及阿斯匹林。 彳 式⑴化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽與選自由以 之群之藥齡合之料:姨島素、姨島素衍生物、 模擬%W ’胰島素促泌素;促姨島素續醯腺受體配位體;、 163058.doc -44 - 201245219 PPAR配位體;胰島素增敏劑;雙胍;^葡糖㈣抑制劑; GLP 1 GLP 1類似物、GLIM模擬附抑制劑; hmg.coa還原酶抑制劑;角f、稀合成酶抑制劑;fxr配位 體、LXR配位體;消膽胺;纖維酸g旨;終驗酸及阿斯匹 ' 林。 本發明亦提供醫藥組合物,其包含治療有效量之式⑴化 α物及/α療有效里之騰島素、騰島素衍生物、胰島素模擬 劑’騰島素促泌素;促騰島素續酿腺受體配位體;ppAR 配位體;胰島素增敏劑;雙脈;心葡糖㈣抑制劑;GLp_ 1、GUM類似物、(^^丨模擬劑;Dppiv抑制劑;HMG-CoA還原酶抑制劑;角黑稀合成酶抑制劑;fxr配位體、 LXR配位體;消膽胺;纖維酸酯;菸鹼酸及阿斯匹林以供 在治療中同時、各別或依序使用。 醫藥組合物可含有單獨或與另一治療劑組合的治療有效 量之如上文定義之本發明化合物,例如各自具有此項技術 中所報導之有效治療劑量。該等治療劑包括: a)抗糖尿病劑,諸如胰島素、胰島素衍生物及模擬 - 劑;胰島素促泌素,諸如磺醯脲,例如格列吡嗪 (Glipizide)、格列瑞得(glyburide)及瑪爾胰(Amaryl);促胰 島素續酿腺受體配位體’诸如美格替耐(meglitinides),例 如那格列奈及瑞格列奈;蛋白質酪胺酸磷酸酶·〖^(PTP-1Β)抑制劑,諸如PTP-112; GSK3(肝糖合成酶激酶-3)抑制 劑’諸如 SB-517955、SB-4195052、SB_216763、NN-57_ 05441 及 NN-57-05445 ; RXR 配位體,諸如 GW-0791 及 163058.doc ·45· 201245219 AGN-194204 ;鈉依賴型葡萄糖共轉運抑制劑,諸如τ_ 1095 ;糖原磷酸化酶Α抑制劑,諸如BAY R3401 ;雙胍, 諸如二甲雙胍;α_葡糖苦酶抑制劑,諸如酷祿;Glp· 1 (升 糖素樣肽-1)、GLP-1類似物,諸如腸促胰島素類似物_4及 GLP-1模擬劑;及DPPIV(二肽基肽酶IV)抑制劑,諸如維 格列汀(vildagliptin); b) 降血脂劑,諸如3·羥基_3_甲基-戊二醯輔酶a(hmg_ CoA)還原酶抑制劑,例如洛伐他丁(i〇vastatin)、匹伐他汀 (pitavastatin)、辛伐他;丁(simvastatin)、普伐他 ί丁 (pravastatin)、西立伐他;丁(cerivastatjn)、美伐他汀 (mevastatin)、韋羅他、;丁(vei〇statin)、氟伐他汀 (fluvastatin)、達伐他汀(dalvastatin)、阿托伐他汀 (atorvastatin)、羅素他 丁(rosuvastatin)及立伐他汀 (nvastatin);角鯊烯合成酶抑制劑;FXR(法尼酯X受體 (farnesoid X recept0r))及LXR(肝X受體)配位體;消膽胺; 纖維酸醋;菸鹼酸膪汁酸結合樹脂’諸如消膽胺;纖維酸 酯;菸鹼酸及其他GPR1 09促效劑;膽固醇吸收抑制劑, 諸如依澤替米貝(ezetimibe) ; CETP抑制劑(膽固醇-酯-轉移 蛋白抑制劑)及阿斯匹林; c) 抗肥胖劑,諸如羅氏鮮(〇rHstat)、諾美婷及類大麻酚 受體1(CB1)拮抗劑,例如利莫那班⑴爪仙讣⑽^ ;及 d) 抗咼血壓劑,例如予氏環利尿劑(i〇〇p diuretie),諸 如依他尼酸(ethacrynic acid)、呋喃苯胺酸(fur〇semide)及 托西邁(torsemide);血管緊張素轉化酶(ACE)抑制劑,諸 163058.doc •46- 201245219 如貝那普利(benazepril)、卡托普利(capt〇prn)、依那普利 (enalapril)、福辛普利(fosinopril)、賴諾普利(lisin〇pri丨)、 莫西普利(moexipril)、哌瑞諾多普利(perin〇d〇pril)、喹那 普利(quinapril)、雷米普利(ramiprii)及群多普利 (trandolapril) ; Na-K-ATP酶細胞膜泵抑制劑,諸如地高辛 (digoxin);中性内肽酶(NEP)抑制劑;ACE/NEP抑制劑, 諸如奥馬帕曲拉(omapatrilat)、山帕曲拉(sampatriiat)及法 西多曲(fasidotril);血管緊張素II拮抗劑,諸如坎地沙 坦、依普羅沙坦、伊貝沙坦、氣沙坦、替米沙坦及绳沙 坦,尤其為纈沙坦;腎素抑制劑,諸如迪特吉命 (ditekiren)、贊吉侖(zankiren)、特拉吉侖(terlakiren)、阿 利吉侖(aliskiren)、RO 66-1 132及 RO-66-1168 ; β-腎上腺素 激導性受體阻斷劑,諸如醋丁洛爾(acebutolol)、阿替洛爾 (atenolol)、倍他洛爾(betaxolol)、比索洛爾(bisoprolol)、 美托洛爾(metoprolol)、納多洛爾(nadolol)、普萘洛爾 (propranolol)、索他洛爾(s〇talol)及噻嗎洛爾(timolol);心 肌收縮劑,諸如地高辛、多巴紛丁胺(dobutamine)及米力 農(milrinone);鈣離子通道阻斷劑,諸如胺氣地平 (amlodipine)、 笨曱普地爾(bepridil)、 地爾硫卓 (diltiazem)、非洛地平(felodipine)、尼卡地平 (nicardipine)、尼莫地平(nimodipine)、硝苯地平 (nifedipine)、尼索地平(nisoldipine)及維拉帕米 (verapamil);醛固酮受體拮抗劑;及醛固酮合成酶抑制 劑; • 47- 163058.doc 201245219 e)過氧化體增殖活化受體促效劑,諸如非諾貝特 (fenofibrate)、吡格列酮 '羅格列鯛、替赛格列他 (tesaglitazar)、BMS-298585、L-796449、專利申請案 w〇 2004/103995中特定描述之化合物(亦即實例i至35之化合物 或技術方案2 1中特定列舉之化合物)、或專利申請案w〇 03/043985中特定描述之化合物(亦即實例i至7之化合物或 技術方案19中特定列舉之化合物)’及尤其(R)1{4_[5甲 基-2-(4-三氟曱基-苯基)_噁唑-4-基甲氧基]_苯磺醯基}_2,3_ 二氫-1H-0引〇朵-2 -甲酸或其鹽。 因此,本發明提供醫藥組合,其包含: i) 式(I)化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽, ii) 至少一種選自以下之化合物: a) 抗糖尿病劑, b) 降血脂劑, c) 抗肥胖劑, d) 抗南血壓劑> e) 過氧化體增殖活化受體促效劑。 生物學分析 可使用以下測試程序證明式I化合物對鈉依賴型葡萄糖 共轉運體SGLT(SGLT1及SGLT2)之抑制作用。 可在測試裝置中證明物質抑制SGLT-2活性之能力,其中 CH0-K1 細胞株(ATCC編號 CCL 61)或 HEK293 細胞株(ATCC 編號 CRL-1573)經表現載體 pZeoSV(Invitrogen,EMBL 寄存 編號L36849)穩定轉染’該表現載體pZe〇sv含有人類鈉葡 163058.doc -48- 201245219 萄糖共轉運體2(Genbank寄存編號NM_003041)(CHO-hSGLT2或HEK-hSGLT2)之編碼序列之cDNA。此等細胞株 以鈉依賴型方式將經l4C標記之α-甲基-葡萄哌喃糖苷(l4C-AMG,Amersham)轉運至細胞内部。 如下進行SGLT-2分析:在含有10%胎牛血清及250 pg/mL勻黴素(zeocin)(Invitrogen)之漢姆氏F12培養基 (Ham's F12 Medium)(BioWhittaker)中培養 CHO-hSGLT2 細 胞且在含有10%胎牛血清及250 pg/mL勻黴素(Invitrogen) 之DMEM培養基中培養HEK293-hSGLT2細胞。藉由用PBS 洗滌兩次且隨後用胰蛋白酶/EDTA處理使細胞自培養瓶脫 落。在添加細胞培養基後,將細胞離心,再懸浮於培養基 中且在Casy細胞計數器中計數。接著以每孔40,000個細胞 接種至以聚-D-離胺酸塗佈之白色96孔培養盤中且在37°C 及5% C02下培育隔夜。用250 μΐ分析緩衝液(亨克氏平衡 鹽溶液(Hanks Balanced Salt Solution),137 mM NaC 卜 5.4 mM KC1、2.8 mM CaCl2、1.2 mM MgS04 及 10 mM HEPES(pH 7.4)、50 pg/mL健大黴素(gentamycin))洗滌細 胞兩次。隨後將250 μΐ分析緩衝液及5 μΐ測試化合物添加 至各孔中且在培育箱中再培育培養盤15分鐘。使用5 μΐ 10% DMSO作為陰性對照。藉由將5 μΐ 14 C-AMG(0.05 μ(:ί)添加至各孔中開始反應。在37°(:及5% C02下培育2小 時後’以250 μΐ PBS(200C)再次洗滌細胞且隨後藉由添加 25 μΐ 0.1 N NaOH進行溶解(37°C,5分鐘)。向各孔中添加 200 μΐ MicroScint20(Packard)且在37°C 再繼續培育20 分 163058.doc •49· 201245219 鐘。此培育之後,使用14C閃爍程式在Topcount(Packard)中 量測所吸收14C-AMG之放射性。 為測定相對於人類SGLT1之選擇性,建立類似測試,其 中在CH0-K1或HEK293細胞中表現hSGLTI之 cDNA(Genbank寄存編號NM000343)而非 hSGLT2 cDNA 〇 本發明化合物對SGLT2之IC5g值可例如低於1000 nM,尤 其低於1 00 nM,最佳低於10 nM。在上述分析中評估實例 之標題化合物且其结果展示於表1中。 表1 實例編號 SGLT2 IC5〇 nM (n=l-4) SGLT1 IC5〇 nM (n=l-4) 1 22.5 409.0 2 17.5 35.0 2a 97.0 308.0 2b 186.0 337.5 2c 27.0 197.0 2d - - 2e 89.0 188.0 2f 143.0 3443.0 2β 567.0 1000.0 3 > 1000.0 814 3a >1000.0 5650 4 2.4 89.3 因為本發明化合物為活體内代謝為母體化合物之前藥, 所以母體化合物針對SGLT1及SGLT2之抑制活性與本發明 化合物之活體内活性有關。在上述分析中評估本發明各化 合物之母體化合物,其結果展示於表2中。 163058.doc -50- 201245219 表2 : 實例編號 母體化合物之結構 SGLT2 IC50 nlM (n=l-4) SGLTl IC50 nM (n=l-4) 1 ' 2c ' 2d、2e、 2f' 2g ' 3 及4 fXX:〕 ηο'Ύ.'/οη OH (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-[3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧 雜環己烯-6-基甲基)-4-乙基-苯基]-6-羥甲基-四 氮-α底°南-3,4,5-三醇 0.5 22.0 2、2a、2b 及3a οηΎ'/〇η OH (23,311,411,53,611)-2-[4-環丙基-3-(2,3-二氫-笨并 [1,4]二氧雜環己烯-6-基曱基)·苯基]-6-羥甲基-四 氫-α底°南-3,4,5-三醇 2.2 9.0 可見本發明化合物可適用作SGLT抑制劑且因此適用於 治療由SGLT介導之疾病及病狀,諸如本文中揭示之代謝 失調》 製備方法 在另一態樣中,本發明提供製備式⑴化合物之方法。以 下所述流程展示合成式⑴化合物之一般途徑。一般而言, 藉由修飾糖苷環之一級醇基團以形成前藥來製備本發明化 合物。可保護糖苷環之二級醇基團或其可處於不受保護狀 態(利用一級醇之反應性高於糖苷環之3個二級醇基團,從 I63058.doc •51- 201245219 而僅修飾-級醇卜通常,可用醋、三甲基石夕烧基Ο、 第二丁基二甲基矽烷基(TBDMS)、笨甲基等保護醇基。 可使用形成醋鍵之標準方法製備胺基酸前藥(參見流程 I)。舉例而έ ,可用例如第三丁氧基羰基(B〇c)保護基保 護胺基酸(ii)之胺基。接著胺基酸(ii)之甲酸基可與糖苷⑴ 之一級醇在偶合劑(諸如二環己基碳化二亞胺、A#,· 二異丙基碳化二亞胺或1-乙基_3_(3_二甲基胺基丙基)碳化 二亞胺)及鹼存在下反應以形成胺基酸前藥可藉由此 項技術中已知的方法移除保護基以形成式⑴化合物。 流程1 :胺基酸前藥
如流程II所示,碳酸酯前藥可由氯曱酸酯(V)與糖苷(iv) 在鹼存在下反應來製備。
流程II
163058.doc -52- 201245219 如流程III所示,磷酸酯前藥可由糖苷(iv)與氣碟酸垸基 醋(vii)在鹼存在下反應來製備。
流程III
A
R為匚“烧基、c3_1()碳環基、C3.1Q礙環基-Cw院基、3至10員 雜環基、(3至10員雜環基)-Cw烷基' C6.1G芳基、C6.1()芳基-Ci·4烷基' 5至10員雜芳基、或(5至10員雜芳基)-(^.4烷基
如流程IV所示’磷酸酯前藥可由糖苷(iv)與胺基磷酸酯 (ix)在四唑存在下反應,接著用間氣過氧笨甲酸處理來製 備。用大孔樹脂15(amberlyst 15)處理產生麟酸酯前藥。 流程IV
Δ A
(iV> (X)
A
⑽ 163058.doc •53- 201245219 合成起始物質 式(xii)化合物(其中Lg為脫離基(諸如鹵素)且所有其他符 號均於上文中定義)可與烷基鋰或烷基鎂反應以產生式 (ΧΠ1)化合物,其中Μ選自Li-鹵素或Mg-鹵素且所有其他符 號於上文中定義。式(xHi)化合物可與式(xiv)化合物反 應,其中PG為保護基,諸如乙醯基。可使用諸如三乙基矽 烷醚合三氟化硼之試劑使所得中間物去羥基化/去烷氧基 化以產生式(v)化合物,其中所有符號於上文中定義。
流程V
(xii)
式(xiii)化合物(其中Μ選自Li-鹵素或Mg- _素且所有其 他4號於上文中定義)可與式(xvi)化合物(其中Lg為脫離 基,諸如画素、甲磺酸酯基、曱苯磺酸酯基或三氟曱烷磺 醯基且所有其他符號於上文中定義)反應以產生式化合 物’其中所有符號於上文中定義。 流程VI :
(xiii) 163058.doc -54- 201245219 如流程VII所示,中間物(xii)可由酸氣化物(xvii)與由A 表示之芳族化合物在A1C13存在下反應來製備。
流程VII
應瞭解,上文或本文別處詳述之方法僅出於說明本發明之 目的且不應視為具限制性。利用熟習此項技術者已知之相似 或類似試劑及/或條件的方法亦可用於獲得本發明化合物。 在本文範疇内,除非上下文另有說明,否則僅不為本發 明化合物之特定所需最終產物之成分的可輕易移除之基團 表示「保護基」。藉由該等保護基保護官能基、保護基本 身及其裂解反應描述於例如標準參考著作中,諸如J. F. W. McOmie, 「Protective Groups in Organic Chemistry」,Plenum Press,London and New York 1973 ; T. W. Greene及P· G. M. Wuts, 「Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis」,第 3版,Wiley,New York 1999 ;「The Peptides」第 3卷(E. Gross及 J. Meienhofer編), Academic Press, London and New York 1981 ;「Methoden der organischen Chemie」 (Methods of Organic Chemistry),Houben Weyl,第 4版,第 15/1卷,Georg Thieme Verlag,Stuttgart 1974 ; H.-D. Jakubke及H. Jeschkeit, 「Aminosauren,Peptide, Proteine」 (Amino acids, Peptides, Proteins), Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, 163058.doc -55- 201245219
Deerfield Beach 及 Basel 1982 ;及 Jochen Lehmann, 「Chemie der Kohlenhydrate: Monosaccharide und Derivatej (Chemistry of
Carbohydrates: Monosaccharides and Derivatives), Georg Thieme Verlag,Stuttgart 1974。保護基之特徵為其可容易移除(亦即 不發生非所需二次反應),例如藉由溶劑分解、還原、光 解作用或在生理條件下(例如藉由酶裂解)移除。 所得最終產物或令間物之任何混合物均可基於成分之物 理化學差異,以已知方式分離為純的最終產物或中間物, 例如藉由層析、蒸餾、分步結晶或在適當或可能情況下藉 由形成鹽進行分離》 以下實例意欲說明本發明且不應理解為限制本發明。除 非另外提及,否則所有蒸發均在減壓下進行。最終產物、 中間物及起始物質之結構已藉由標準分析方法(例如微量 分析、熔點(m.p)及光譜特徵,例如MS及NMR)進行確認。 所用縮寫為此項技術中習知之縮寫。 起始物質 中間物 1 :乙酸(211,311,411,58)-;5,4,5-三乙醯氧基-6-[4-溴-3-(2,3-二氫-苯并【1,4】二氧雜環己烯-6-基甲基)-苯基】-四氫-旅鳴-2-基甲醋
中間物1 I63058.doc -56- 201245219 :在0°C下向經攪拌之2-溴-5-碘苯甲酸(25 〇 〇 76.48 mmol)於二氣曱烷(200 mL)中之溶液中添加乙二醞氣 (10.3 mL,114.74 mmol),接著添加 DMF(0.9 mL)。添加完 成後,在室溫下攪拌反應混合物3小時。在減壓下蒸發揮 發性物質’得到2-溴-5-碘-苯甲醯氣(26.4 g)。粗產物立即 用於下一步驟中。 #锣//:在〇t下向經攪拌之2-溴-5-碘-苯曱醯氯(26.4 g, 76.56 mmol)於二氣甲烷(250 mL)中之溶液中添加笨并 (1,4)-二噁烷(10.41 g ’ 76.26 mmol)。向此反應混合物中逐 份添加A1C13(40.78 g,305.47 mmol)。在室溫下搜拌隔夜 後,將反應混合物傾入碎冰中。用二氯曱烷(5〇〇 mLx2)萃 取所得混合物。合併二氣曱烷層且用水(2〇〇 mL) '碳酸氫 鈉飽和水溶液(200 mL><2)及鹽水(2〇〇 mL)洗滌’隨後經硫 酸納乾燥且濃縮。用己烧濕磨固體產物,且在真空下乾燥 經濕磨之產物’得到(2-漠-5-碘·苯基)-(2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4] 二氧雜環己稀-6 -基)-曱嗣(30 g)。 !H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-D6): δ 4.29-4.37 (m, 4Η), 7.〇2 (d,J=8.4 Ηζ,1Η),7.16 (d, J=2.4 Ηζ,1Η),7.18-7.19 (m, 1H), 7.53 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.77-7.81 (ms 1H), 7.82 (d, J=2.0 Hz,1H)。 #鑕/// :在室溫下向經攪拌之(2-溴-5_碘-苯基)_(2,3_二 鼠-本并[1,4] 一氧雜環己稀-6 -基)_甲銅(3〇·〇 g,67.4 mmol) 於三氟乙酸(100 mL)中之溶液中相繼添加三乙基矽烷(86 2 mL,539.3 mmol)及三氟甲磺酸〇 mL,67.42 mmol)。在 163058.doc •57- 201245219 室溫下搜;拌2 5分鐘後’在減壓下蒸發揮發性物質。所得殘 餘物溶解於乙酸乙酯中且用碳酸氫鈉飽和水溶液(2〇〇 mLx2)、水(200 mL)及鹽水(200 mL)洗滌,隨後經硫酸鈉 乾燥’濃縮且藉由石夕膠管柱層析純化,得到6 - (2 -演-5 -峨· 苯曱基)-2,3-二氩-笨并[1,4]二氧雜環己烯(26.5 g)。 NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-D6): δ 3.90 (s, 4Η), 4.2 (s, 2H), 6.65 (dd, J=8.4 Hz, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 6.68 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H)S 6.77 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.39 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.50 (dd, J=8.4 Hz, J=2.4 Hz 1H), 7.67 (d, J=2.8 Hz, 1H) 〇 #鑕/厂:在-78°C下向經攪拌之6-(2-溴-5-碘-苯曱基)· 2’3-二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜環己烯(26 5 g, 61.47 mmol)於 THF-曱苯2:1(300 mL)中之溶液中添加16 M n_BuLi之己烷 溶液(42_3 mL,67.62 mmol)。攪拌反應混合物】小時,且 隨後在-78eC下轉移至經攪拌之2,3,4,6-肆-0-(三曱基矽烷 基)-D-葡萄派喃糖(28.69 g,61.47 mmol)於甲苯(1〇〇 mL) 中之溶液中》攪拌1小時後,逐滴添加〇 6 N甲烷磺酸之甲 醇溶液(265 mL)且在室溫下攪拌反應混合物16小時。反應 物藉由添加NaHC〇3水溶液(約75 mL)淬滅且用乙酸乙酯 (250 mL><3)萃取,經硫酸鈉乾燥,濃縮且藉由矽膠管柱層 析純化’得到(3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[4-溴-3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4] 二氧雜環己烯-6-基甲基)_笨基]_6_羥甲基_2_曱氧基_四氫_ 哌喃-3,4,5-三醇(28.4 g)。 步雜K•在l〇C下向經攪拌之(3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[4U-(2,3_二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜環己烯-6-基曱基)-苯基]-6-羥曱 163058.doc •58· 201245219 基-2-甲氧基_四氫-哌喃-3,4,5·三醇(28.4 g,57.1 mmol)於 乙腈-二氣甲烷1:1(250 mL)中之溶液中添加三乙基矽烷 (36.5 mL,228.4 mmol)及三氟化硼合二乙醚複合物(141 mL,U4.2 mmo丨)。在10°C下攪拌4小時後,用碳酸氫鈉飽 和水溶液(約1 〇〇 mL)淬滅反應物。分離有機層,且用乙酸 乙酯(3M50 mL)萃取水層。合併有機層且經硫酸鈉乾燥, 濃縮得到(3尺,411,58,611)-2-[4-溴-3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧 雜環己稀-6-基甲基)-苯基]-6-經曱基-四氫-派0南_3,4,5-三醇 (28.4 g)。粗產物未經純化即用於下一反應中。 #鑕「/:在室溫下向經攪拌之(3匕伙,586尺)_2_[4_漠_3_ (2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜環己烯基甲基)_苯基]_6_羥甲 基-四氫-口底喃-3,4,5-三醇(28.4 g,60.81 mmol)於二氣甲烧 (300 mL)中之溶液中添加吡啶(40 mL,486.5 mmol)、乙酸 酐(50 mL,486.5 mmol)及 DMAP(740 mg ’ 0.08 mmol)。攪 拌2小時後’在減壓下蒸發揮發性物質。所得殘餘物溶解 於乙酸乙酯(500 ml)中且相繼用1 n HC1(200 mLx2)及鹽水 (200 ml)洗滌’隨後經硫酸鈉乾燥且濃縮。所得粗化合物 在65°C下溶解於乙醇(320 mL)中且在攪拌下冷卻至室溫。 過濾所形成之淡黃色固體且相繼用冷乙醇(BO mL)及己烧 (200 mL)洗滌’得到乙酸(2尺,311,411,58)-3,4,5-三乙酿氧基_ 6-[4-溴-3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜環己烯_6_基曱基苯 基]-四氫-D底喃-2-基曱酯粉末(22.5 g,純度98〇/〇)。 中間物2 . (28,311,411,58,6只)-2-[3-(2,3-二氫-苯并丨1,4】二氧 雜環己烯-6-基甲基)-4-乙基-苯基]·6_羥曱基-四氣哌__ 163058.doc •59- 201245219 3,4,5-三醇
中間物1
中間物2 :向經攪拌之乙酸(211,311,411,58)-3,4,5-三乙醯氧 基-6-[4-溴-3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜環己烯-6-基曱基)_ 苯基]-四氫-0底鳴-2-基甲S旨(中間物1,1〇.〇 g,15.74 mmol) 於曱苯(200 mL)中之溶液中添加三環己基膦(1·76 g,6_29 mmol)、填酸三 If (13.3 g,62.9 mmol)之水(15 mL)溶液、 及乙基醐酸(3.4 g,47.2 mmol)。反應混合物脫氣45分鐘, 隨後添加乙酸纪(II)(529 mg,2.3 mmol)。在回流隔夜後, 反應混合物冷卻至室溫且添加水。所得混合物用乙酸乙酯 (2x200 mL)萃取’用水及鹽水洗滌,隨後經硫酸鈉乾燥, 濃縮且藉由管柱層析純化,得到乙酸(2R,3R,4R,5S)-3,4,5-二乙醯氧基-6-[3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[ι,4]二氧雜環己二烯_6_基 曱基)-4-乙基-苯基]-四氫-哌喃-2_基曱酯(5.4 g)。 :向經攪拌之乙酸(2厌,311,4158)_3,4,5_三乙醯氧 基-6-[3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜環己二烯_6_基甲基)_4_ 乙基-苯基]-四氫-哌喃-2-基曱酯(9.3 g,15.9 mmol)於曱 醇:THF:水3:2:1(170 mL)中之溶液中添加氫氧化鐘(764 mg,19」mmol)。在室溫下攪拌2小時後,在減壓下蒸發 I63058.doc •60· 201245219 揮發性物質。所得殘餘物溶解於乙酸乙酯(丨50 mL)中且相 繼用鹽水(75 mL)、含有5 mL 5% KHS04水溶液之鹽水(75 mL)及鹽水(20 mL)洗滌,隨後經硫酸鈉乾燥且濃縮,得到 (28,311,411,5 8,611)-2-[4-環丙基-3-(2,3-二氫_苯并[1,4]二氧 雜環己二烯-6-基甲基)_苯基]_6_羥基甲基_四氫-哌喃_3,4,5_ 三醇(6.5 g)。 H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD); δ 1.07 (t, J=7.6 Hz 3H) 2 57 (q,J=7.6 Hz,2H),3.34-3.50 (m,4H),3.68 (dd,J=12.0, 5.6
Hz, 1H), 3.85-3.91 (m, 3H), 4.08 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 4.17 (s, 4H), 6.53-6.58 (m, 2H), 6.68 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H) 7 15-7 25 (m,3H)。 MS (ES) m/z 434.2 (M+18)。 中間物3 : (28,3只,4只,58,61^)-2-[4-環丙基_3_(2,3_二氫_苯并 [1,4】二氧雜環己烯-6-基甲基)-苯基】_6_羥甲基_四氫-旅喃_ 3,4,5·三醇
步鑕/ :向經攪拌之乙酸(2匕311,4汉,58)-3,4,5-三乙醯氧 基-6-[4-溴-3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜環己二烯_6_基曱 基)-苯基]-四氫-哌喃-2-基曱酯(中間物1,no g,1574 -61 - 163058.doc 201245219 mmol)於曱苯(loo mL)中之溶液中添加三環己基膦(1.% g,6.29 mmol)、填酸三鉀(13.3 g,62·9 mmol)之水(15 mL)溶液、及環丙基g明酸(4.06 g,47.2 mmol)。反應混合 物脫氣45分鐘,隨後添加乙酸鈀(11)(529 mg,2.3 mmol)。 在90°C下攪拌反應混合物隔夜,隨後冷卻至室溫且經矽藻 土過濾’且用乙酸乙酯(200 mL)洗滌矽藻土《分離濾液之 有機層且相繼用水(100 mL)及鹽水(100 mL)洗滌,隨後經 硫酸鈉乾燥且濃縮得到粗產物,藉由管柱層析進一步純化 粗產物,得到乙酸(211,311,411,55)-3,4,5-三乙醯氧基-6-[4-環丙基-3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜環己二烯-6-基甲基)_ 苯基]-四氫-哌喃-2-基曱酯(7.25 g,純度98%) ’且用無水 乙醇使其進行再結晶,得到白色固體(5.25 g,純度 >99%)。 ]H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13): δ 0.57-0.62 (m, 2Η), 0.84-0.86 (m5 2H), 1.76 (s, 3H), 1.77-1.80 (m, 1H), 1.99 (s, 3H), 2.05 (s, 3H), 2.08 (s, 3H), 3.78-3.82 (m, 1H), 3.99-4.10 (ABq, J=15.6 Hz, 2H), 4.14 (dd, J=12.4 Hz, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 4.22 (s, 4H), 4.26 (d, J=12.4 Hz, 4.8 Hz, 1H), 4.33 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 5.14 (t, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 5.22 (t, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 5.30 (t, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 6.57-6.59 (m, 2H), 6.76 (dd, J=7.2 Hz, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 6.98 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.02 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H),7.17 (dd,J=8.0 Hz,1.6 Hz,1H)。 MS (ES) m/z 597.3 (M+l)。 #鑕// :向經攪拌之乙酸(2汉,311,411,58)-3,4,5-三乙醯氧 基-6-[4-環丙基-3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜環己二烯-6- 163058.doc -62- 201245219 基甲基)-笨基]•四氫_哌喃_2_基甲酯(10·5 g,176i mmol) 於甲醇:THF:水3:2: l( 120 mL)中之溶液中添加氫氧化鋰 (813 mg 19.37 mmol)。在室溫下授掉2小時後,在減壓下 蒸發揮發性物質。所得殘餘物溶解於乙酸乙酯(150 mL)中 且用鹽水(75 mL)、含有1〇 mL 5% KHS04水溶液之鹽水(75 mL)洗滌且再用鹽水(2〇 mL)洗滌’隨後經硫酸鈉乾燥且濃 縮,得到(2呂,3!1,411,58,61〇-2-[4-環丙基-3-(2,3-二氫-苯并 Π,4]二氧雜環己二烯·6-基曱基)-苯基]-6-羥基曱基-四氫-哌喃-3,4,5-三醇(7.25 g)。 ]H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ 0.53-0.56 (m, 2Η), 0.81-0.86 (m, 2H), 1.80-1.82 (m, 1H), 3.34-3.45 (m, 4H), 3.67 (dd, J=12.0, 5.2 Hz, 1H), 3.86 (d, J=11.6 Hz, 1H), 3.99-4.09 (m, 3H), 4.17 (s, 4H), 6.58-6.62 (m, 2H), 6.68 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 6.96 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H),7.19 (m,2H)。MS (ES) m/z 446.2 (M+18)。 實例 實例 1 :合成(R)-2-胺基-3-甲基-丁酸(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-[3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[Μ]二氧雜環己烯_6_基甲基)-4-乙基-苯 基】-3,4,5-三羥基-四氫-哌喃-2-基甲酯
163058.doc -63 - 201245219 步驟i :在室溫下向經攪拌之(2S,3R,4R,5S 6R)_2 (2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜環己烯_6_基甲基)_4_乙基_笨 基]-6-羥曱基-四氩-哌喃_3,4,5-三醇(中間物2,6.0 g, 14.40 mmol)於吡啶(60 ml)中之溶液中相繼添加三苯曱基 氣(4.8 g,17.28 mmol)及 DMAP(0.18 g,1.44 mmol)。接著 在80°C下加熱反應混合物。攪拌16小時後,在減壓下蒸發 °比咬。所得殘餘物溶解於乙酸乙酯(1〇〇 ml)中,用硫酸銅 水溶液(50 ml)、鹽水(1〇〇 ml)洗滌,經硫酸鈉乾燥,濃縮 且藉由石夕膠管柱層析純化’得到8.1 〇 g呈白色固體狀之 (23,311’411,5 8,611)-2-[3-(2,3-二氫-笨并[1,4]二氧雜環己稀_ 6-基曱基)-4-乙基-苯基]-6-三苯曱基氧基曱基-四氫_哌喃_ 3.4.5- 三醇。 ]H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ 1.11 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3H), 2.62 (q, J=7.6 Hzs 2H), 3.25-3.28 (m, 1H), 3.34-3.44 (m, 3H), 3.54 (d, J=4.8 Hz, 2H), 3.94 (s, 2H), 4.08-4.16 (m, 5H), 6.56-6.59 (m, 2H), 6.64 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.15-7.24 (m, 10H),7.30-7.33 (m,2H),7.46-7.48 (m,6H)。 步驟II :在〇°C下,向經攪拌之氫化鈉(60%於礦物油 中,2.2 g ’ 54.64 mmol)於DMF(40 ml)中之懸浮液中添加 (2呂,311,411,58,611)-2-[3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜環己烯-6-基甲基)-4-乙基-苯基]-6-三苯曱基氧基曱基-四氫-0底喃_ 3.4.5- 三醇(8.0 g,12.14 mmol)於 DMF(10 ml)中之溶液。 在室溫下攪拌4小時後’反應混合物冷卻至〇°C且相繼添加 TBAI(0.45 g,1.21 mmol)及溴化苯(5.1 ml,42.50 mmol)。 163058.doc -64- 201245219 接者使其達到室溫且攪拌隔夜。反應混合物傾入冰冷的水 中且用乙酸乙自旨(2x80 ml)萃取。合併之有機層用水〇〇〇 ml)、鹽水(100 ml)洗務’‘經硫酸納乾燥,濃縮且藉由石夕膠 管柱層析純化,得到8·5 g呈無色油狀之6_[2_乙基_5_ ((2S,3S,4R,5R,6R)-3,4,5-參 笨甲氧基-6-三苯曱基氧基甲 基-四氫-娘喃-2-基)苯曱基]_2,3_二氫_苯并[M]:氧雜環 己稀。 4 NMR (彻 MHz,CD3〇D): s 121 (t,J=7 2 Hz,3h), 2 67 (q, J=7.6 Hz, 2H),3,24 (d,J=8.0 Hz, 1H),3 55 ⑷ j=9 2
Hz, 1H), 3.62 (t, 1=10.0 Hz, 2H), 3.76 (t, 1=9.2 Hz, 1H), 3.85-4.00 (m,3H),4.09-4.16 (m,5H),4 26 (d,J=9 2 Hz, 1H), 4.42 (d, J=10.4 Hz, 1H), 4.50 (d, J=l〇.〇 Hz, 1H), 4.78 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 4.91 (dd, J=14.8, 4.4 Hz, 2H), 6.56 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 6.61 (s, 1H), 6.67 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.92 (d, J=6.4 Hz,2H),6.99-7.00 (m,2H),7.20-7.23 (m,13H), 7.26 (s, 3H), 7.29-7.38 (m, 6H), 7.45 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.54-7.55 (m,6H)。 步驟in :在o°c下向經攪拌之6_[2_乙基_5_ ((28’38,411,511,6尺)-3,4,5-參-苯甲氧基-6_三笨甲基氧基甲 基-四氫-派喃-2-基)-苯甲基]-2,3-二氫-笨并[丨’”二氧雜環 己烯(8.0 g,8.6 mmol)於DCM(80 ml)中之溶液中添加氣化 鋁(1.72 g ’ 12.9 mmol)於乙醚(50 mi)中之溶液。在室溫下 授摔2小時。反應混合物傾入冰冷的水中且用dcm(2x8〇 ml)萃取。合併之有機層用碳酸氫鈉水溶液(1〇〇 ml)、鹽水 163058.doc •65· 201245219 (100 ml)洗滌,經硫酸鈉乾燥,濃縮且藉由矽膠管柱層析 純化,得到5.56 g呈無色油狀之{(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-參-苯甲氧基-6-[3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜環己烯-6-基 曱基)-4_乙基-苯基]-四氫-哌喃-2-基}-甲醇。 'H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13): δ 1.16 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3H), 2.63 (q, J=7.6 Hz, 2H), 3.47-3.51 (m, 1H), 3.54 (t, J=10.0 Hz, 1H), 3.67 (t, J=10.4 Hz, 1H), 3.72 (bs, 1H), 3.78-3.96 (m, 3H), 3.87-3.96 (m, 3H), 4.14-4.23 (m, 5H), 4.35 (d, J = l〇.8 Hz, 1H), 4.69 (d, J = 10.8 Hz, 1H), 4.83-4.95 (m, 3H), 6.54 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.59 (s, 1H), 6.67 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.88-6.90 (m,2H),7.16-7.23 (m, 6H), 7.27-7.36 (m,l〇H)。 步驟IV :向經攪拌之(R)-2-第三丁氧基羰基胺基_3·甲 基-丁酸(6.3 g’ 29.1 mmol)於DMF(40 ml)中之溶液中添加 N,N-一環己基碳化二亞胺(6.0 g,29.1 mmol)。在室溫下 攪拌30分鐘後’反應混合物冷卻至〇〇c,相繼添加 {(2尺,3尺,411,58,68)-3,4,5-參-苯曱氧基-6-[3-(2,3-二氫_笨并 Π,4] 一氧雜環己稀-6-基甲基)-4-乙基-苯基]-四氫-派喊 基}•曱醇(4.0 g ’ 5.8 mmol)於DMF(20 ml)中之溶液及 DMAP(3 60 mg ’ 2.9 mmol)且在環境溫度下攪拌隔夜。藉 由添加水(1 50 ml)淬滅反應物且用乙酸乙酯(2x8〇 mi)萃 取。合併之有機層用水(100 ml)、鹽水(1〇〇 ml)洗滌,經硫 酸鈉乾燥,濃縮且藉由矽膠管柱層析純化,得到4·5 g呈無 色油狀之(R)-2-第三丁氧基羰基胺基_3-曱基-丁酸 (211’3尺,411,58,63)-3,4,5-參_苯甲氧基-6-[3-(2,3-二氫_笨并 163058.doc •66· 201245219 [I,4]二氧雜環己烯-6-基甲基)-4-乙基-苯基]_四氫-哌喃-2-基甲酯。 *H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13): δ 0.76 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H), 0.89 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H), 1.12-1.17 (m, 3H), 1.42 (s, 9H), 1.90- 1.92 (m, 1H), 2.59-2.63 (m, 2H), 3.51-3.57 (m, 1H), 3.60- 3.65 (m, 2H), 3.77-3.95 (m, 5H), 4.15-4.18 (m, 5H), 4.26- 4.40 (m, 4H), 4.61 (dd, J=10.8, 6.4 Hz, 1H), 4.85-4.93 (m, 3H), 6.52-6.59 (m, 2H), 6.68 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.89-6.91 (m,2H), 7.15-7.23 (m,7H),7.28-7.35 (m,9H)。 步驟V :向經攪拌之(r)_2-第三丁氧基羰基胺基-3-曱基-丁酸(211,311,411,58,68)-3,4,5-參_笨甲氧基-6-[3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜環己烯基甲基)·4_乙基-苯基]_四氫-哌 喃-2-基甲酯(4.5 g ’ 5.0 mmol)於乙酸乙酯:曱醇(1:4混合 物’ 50 ml)中之溶液中添加氫氧化纪(2_〇 g) β在室溫下攪 拌隔夜後,反應混合物經矽藻土床過濾,濃縮且藉由矽膠 官柱層析純化,得到3 · 12 g呈白色固體狀之(r)_2·第三丁氧 基羰基胺基-3-甲基-丁酸(2尺,3 3,411,5尺,63)-6-[3-(2,3-二氫_ 笨并[1,4]二氧雜環己烯_6_基甲基)_4_乙基-苯基]3,4,5-三 羥基-四氫-哌喃-2-基甲酯。 NMR (400 MHz, CD3〇D): δ 0.79 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H), 〇.83 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 3H), 1.06 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H), 1.40 (s, 9H), 1-98-2.03 (m, 1H), 2.56 (q, 1=7.6 Hz, 2H), 3.35-3.40 (m, 2H), 3.43-3.48 (m, iH), 3.56-3.60 (m, 1H), 3.88 (s, 2H), 3.98-4.07 (m, 2H), 4.17 (s, 4H)S 4.34 (dd, J=H.6} 6.4 Hz 163058.doc •67· 201245219 1H), 4.43-4.46 (m, 1H), 6.53-6.58 (m, 2H), 6.68 (d, J=8.4
Hz, 1H), 7.12-7.19 (m, 3H)。 步驟VI .在室溫下向經攪拌之(R)_2_第三丁氧基羰基胺 基-3-曱基-丁酸(2汉,3 8,411,511,68)-6-[3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4] 一氧雜環己烯-6-基甲基)_4·乙基-苯基]_3,4,5-三羥基-四氫-哌喃-2_基曱酯(2.8 g ’ 4.6 mmol)於甲醇(30 ml)中之溶液中 添加3 N鹽酸曱醇溶液(3〇 ml)。回流2小時後,在減壓下蒸 發揮發性物質。所得殘餘物溶解於乙酸乙酯(5〇 ml)中且用 碳酸氫納飽和水溶液(15 ml)、鹽水(15 ml)洗滌,經硫酸鈉 乾燥’濃縮且藉由製備型HPLC純化,得到410 mg呈白色 固體狀之(R)-2-胺基-3-曱基-丁酸(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-[3-(2,3-二氫-笨并[L4]二氧雜環己烯_6-基曱基)_4_乙基-苯 基]·3,4,5-三羥基-四氫_哌喃-2_基曱酯。 NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ 0.84 (d,J=6.8 Ηζ,3Η),0.88 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 3H), 1.10 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 3H), 1.95-1.97 (m, 1H), 2.60 (q, j=8.0 Hz, 2H), 3.29-3.51 (m, 4H), 3.60-3.62 (m, 1H), 3.92 (s, 2H), 4.09 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 4.20 (s, 4H), 4.38-4.46 (m, 2H)S 6.56-6.61 (m, 2H), 6.71 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H),7.16-7.22 (m, 3H)。MS (ES) m/z 516.3 (M+l)。 實例 2 ··合成碳酸(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-[4-環丙基-3-(2,3-二氫-苯并【l,4]二氧雜環己烯-6-基甲基)-苯基]-3,4,5·三羥 基-四氫-哌喃-2-基甲酯甲酯 163058.doc • 68 · 201245219
氯甲酸曱酯 -----—► 三甲基nfc啶,DCM
步驟I :在-40°C下向經攪拌之(28,311,4尺,58,611)-2-[4-環 丙基-3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜環己烯-6_基曱基)_苯 基]_6_羥曱基·四氫_〇辰喃_3,4,5-三醇(中間物3,890 mg, 2·1 mmol)於三甲基吡啶(7 ml)中之溶液中添加氣甲酸曱酯 (0.21 ml ’ 2.5 mmol)於DCM(0.5 ml)中之溶液。在相同溫度 下攪拌1小時後’在室溫下攪拌1.5小時。反應混合物傾入 冰冷的10% HC1溶液中且用乙酸乙酯(2x 1〇 ml)萃取。合併 之有機層用鹽水(10 ml)洗滌,經硫酸鈉乾燥,漢縮且藉由 矽膠管柱層析純化,得到1.1 g呈白色固體狀之碳酸 (211,38,411,511,68)-6-[4-環丙基-3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧 雜壤己烯-6-基曱基)-苯基]-3,4,5-三經基-四氫-α底b南_2_基甲 酯。 'Η NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ 0.54 (d, J=4.8 Hz, 2H) 0 81 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 1.76-1.83 (m, 1H), 3.32-3.33 (m, 1H), 3.92-3.43 (m,2H),3.52 (t,J=5.6 Hz,1H),3.70 (s,3H), 4.01-4.06 (m,3H),4.15 (s,4H),4.26 (dd,J=u.2, 5.2 Hz, 1H), 4.43 (d, J=11.2 Hz, 1H), 6.57-6.59 (m5 2H), 6.66 (d, J=8.4 Hz,1H),6.94 (d,J=8.0 Hz,1H),7.12-7.14 (m,2H)。 MS (ES) m/z 487·0 (M+l)。 I63058.doc -69- 201245219 使用實例2所述之程序製備以下實例 實例 編號 結構 分析資料 2a Λ。/:〕 HO、人〆々OH OH 碳酸(2R,3S,4R35R,6S)-6-[4-環丙 基·3-(2,3_二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜環 己烯·6-基甲基)-苯基]-3,4,5·三羥 基-四氣-略喊-2-基甲醋乙醋 'H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ 0.53-0.57 (m, 2H), 0.81-0.85 (m, 2H), 1.23 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H), 1.79-1.82 (m, 1H), 3.34-3.46 (m, 3H), 3.52-3.58 (m, 1H), 4.03-4.08 (m, 3H), 4.13 (q, J=6.8 Hz, 2H), 4.17 (s, 4H), 4.27 (dd, J=12.0, 5.6 Hz, 1H), 4.43 (dd, J=11.2, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 6.59-6.62 (m, 2H), 6.68 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.96 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.15-7.17 (m,2H)。 MS(ES)m/z518.3 (M+18)。 2b Α。/:〕 ΗΟ人〆,ΟΗ ΟΗ 碳酸(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-[4-環丙 基-3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜環 己烯-6-基曱基)-笨基]-3,4,5-三羥 基-四氮·0底咕-2-基甲8旨異丁酷 'H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 5 0.53-0.57 (m, 2H), 0.81-0.85 (m, 2H), 0.87 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 3H), 0.89 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 3H), 1.78-1.83 (m, 1H), 1.86-1.93 (m, 1H), 3.29-3.36 (m, 2H), 3.42-3.45 (m, 2H), 3.53-3.59 (m, 1H), 3.86 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 2H), 4.03 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 4.07 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 4.16 (s, 4H), 4.28 (dd, J=11.6, 5.6 Hz# 1H), 4.45 (dd, J=11.6, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 6.59-6.61 (m, 2H), 6.67-6.69 (m, 1H),6.96 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.15-7.17 (m,2H)。 MS (ES) m/z 529.3 (M+l), 546.3 (M+18)。 2c 〇 〆〕 Η。人〆〜OH OH 碳酸(211,35,411,511,63)-6-[3-(2,3-二 氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜環己烯-6-基曱 基)-4-乙基-苯基]-3,4,5-三經基-四 氣-哌喃-2-基曱酯乙酯 'H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ 1.07 (t, J=8.0 Hz, 3H), 1.23 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3H), 2.57 (q, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 3.33-3.33 (m, 3H), 3.53-3.55 (m, 1H), 3.89 (d, J=2 Hz, 2H), 4.07-4.15 (m, 3H), 4.16 (s, 4H), 4.28 (dd, J=12.0, 5.6 Hz, 1H), 4.44 (dd, J=12.0, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 6.54-6.58 (m, 2H), 6.68 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.14-7.21 (m, 3H)。MS (ES) m/z 489.2 (M+l), 506.2 (M+18)" 163058.doc 70· 201245219 2d o ^ ^°\〇Xr H〇''Sr,,〇H OH 碳酸(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-[3-(2,3-二 氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜環己烯-6-基曱 基)-4-乙基-苯基]-3,4,5-三羥基-四 氫-哌喃-2-基甲酯異丁酯 'H NMR (400 MHz, CD30D): δ 0.88 (dd, J=6.8, 1.2 Hz, 6H), 1.06 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3H), 1.87-1.91 (m, 1H), 2.56 (q, J=7.6 Hz, 2H), 3.33-3.37 (m, 1H), 3.42-3.45 (m, 2H), 3.54-3.57 (m, 1H), 3.85-3.88 (m, 4H), 4.08 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 1H), 4.16 (s, 4H), 4.29 (dd, J=11.2, 5.6 Hz, 1H), 4.45 (dd, J=11.6, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 6.54-6.57 (m, 2H), 6.67 (d, J=8.4 Hz,1H),7.14-7.20 (m,3H)» MS (ES) m/z 517.3 (M+1),534.3 (M+18)-> 2e HcA/'OH OH 碳酸第三丁酯(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)·6-[3-(2,3-二IL-苯并[l,4]二氧雜環己 烯-6-基甲基)-4·乙基-苯基]-3,4,5- 二經基-四氮略喃·2-基曱S旨 'H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ 1.06 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 3H), 1.42 (s, 9H), 2.56 (q, J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 3.30-3.38 (m, 1H), 3.43 (t, 7.3 Hz, 2H), 3.51-3.52 (m, 1H), 3.89 (q, 3=3A Hz, 2H), 4.07 (d, J=9.3 Hz, 1H), 4.16 (s, 4H), 4.20-4.23 (m, 1H), 4.39 (d, J=9.3 Hz, 1H), 6.55-6.57 (m, 2H), 6.68 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.14-7.21 (m, 3H)。 MS (ES) m/z 534.3 (M+l)。 2f 〇Λ。/:〕 η〇、、,、Λοη OH 碳酸雙環[2.2.1]庚-2-基曱酯 (211,33,411,511,68)-6-[3-(2,3-二氫-苯 并[1,4]二氧雜環己烯-6-基曱基)-4-乙基-苯基]-3,4,5-三經基-四氫-〇辰 喃-2-基曱酯 NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ 1.07 (t, J=7.3 Hz,3H),1.12-1.14 (m,1H), 1.24-1.32 (m, 4H), 1.41-1.53 (m, 2H), 1.63-1.69 (m, 1H), 2.15-2.18 (m, 3H), 2.56 (q, J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 3.30-3.37 (m, 1H), 3.46 (t, J=6.4 Hz, 2H), 3.54-3.57 (m, 1H), 3.89 (s, 2H), 3.94-3.99 (m, 1H), 4.07-4.09 (m, 2H), 4.17 (s, 4H), 4.29 (dd, J=11.8, 5.3 Hz, 1H), 4.45 (d, J=11.2 Hz, 1H), 6.55-6.58 (m, 2H), 6.68 (d, J=7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.15-7.16 (m, 2H), 7.19-7.21 (m, 1H) - MS (ES) m/z 586.3 (M+18) · 2g ηο、Ύ々〇η OH 碳酸(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-[3-(2,3-二 氫-苯并[Μ]二氧雜環己烯-6-基甲 基M-乙基-苯基]-3,4,5-三經基-四 氫-哌喃-2-基甲醋(S)-1 -苯基-乙酯 'H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ 1.07 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 3H), 1.48 (d, J=6.3 Hz, 3H), 2.56 (q, J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 3.30-3.36 (m, 1H), 3.42 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 2H), 3.51-3.55 (m, ,1H), 3.87 (s, 2H), 4.06 (d, J=9.3 Hz, 1H), 4.15 (s, 4H), 4.30 (dd, J=11.7, 5.8 Hz, 1H) 4.40 (d, J=11.7 Hz, 1H), 5.65 (q, J=6.4 Hz, 1H), 6.55-6.57 (m, 2H), 6.67 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.13-7.20 (m, 4H), 7.24-7.32 (m, 4H)« MS (ES) m/z 582.3 (M+18) · 163058.doc -71 · 201245219 實例3 :合成磷酸(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-【3-(2,3-二氫-苯并 [1,4】二氧雜環己稀-6-基甲基)_4-乙基-苯基】_3,4,5-三經基-四氫-旅喃-2-基甲酯二乙醋
在-40°C 下向經攪拌之(28,311,4尺,58,611)-2-[3-(2,3-二氫_ 笨并[1,4]一氧雜環己稀-6-基曱基)-4-乙基-苯基]_6_經甲基_ 四虱-0底喃-3,4,5-二醇(中間物2,500 mg,1·2 mmol)於口比 。定(5 ml)中之溶液中添加氣磷酸二乙酯(〇 π mi,h9 mmol)。在相同溫度下攪拌1小時後,藉由添加1 n Ηα淬 滅反應物且用乙酸乙酯(2 xio ml)萃取。合併之有機層用鹽 水(10 ml)洗滌’經硫酸鈉乾燥,濃縮且藉由製備型HpLc 純化,得到220 mg呈白色固體狀之磷酸(2R 3S,4r,5R,6S)_ 6-[3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜環己烯_6_基甲基)_4_乙基_ 苯基]-3,4,5-三羥基-四氫·哌喃_2_基曱酯二乙酯。 'H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ 1.07 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3H), 1.15 (td J=7.2, 1.2 Hz, 3H), 1.22 (td, J=6.8, 0.8 Hz, 3H), 2.57 (q, J=7.6 Hz, 2H), 3.36-3.46 (m, 3H), 3.53-3.55 (m, 1H),3.89 (s, 2H), 3.96-4.11 (m, 5H)S 4.17 (s, 4H), 4.18-4.22 (m 1H), 4.30-4.34 (m, 1H), 6.52 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H),6.57 (dd, J=8.4, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 6.68 (ds J=8.4 Hz, 1H),7.15-7.22(m, 3H)。MS (ES) m/z 553.3 (M+l)。 163058.doc -72- 201245219 使用實例3所述之程序製備以下實例 實例 編號 結構 分析資料 3a JH NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ 0.53- 0.57 (m,2Η),0.81-0.86 (m,2Η),1.15 (td J=6.8, 0.8 Hz, 3H), 1.22 (td, J=6.8, 0.8 Hz, 3H), 1.79-1.84 (m, 1H), 3.35-3.48 (m, 3H), 3.52-3.56 (m, 1H), ΗΟ^'γ^ΟΗ 3.96-4.10 (m, 7H), 4.16 (s, 4H), 4.18- OH 4.22 (m, 1H), 4.29-4.34 (m, 1H), 磷酸(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-[4-環丙基-3- 6.56-6.61 (m, 2H), 6.68 (d, J=8.4 Hz, (2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜環己烯-6-基 1H), 6.96 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.16-7.18 曱基)-苯基]-3,4,5·三羥基-四氫-略喃-2-基甲酯二乙酯 (m,2H)。MS (ES) m/z 565.2 (M+l)。 實例4 :合成磷酸單-{(211,38,4心511,68)-6-【3-(2,3-二氫-苯 并[1,4] 一氧雜環己稀-6-基甲基)-4-乙基-苯基】-3,4,5·三經 基四氫-派喃_2·基曱基}酯之二納鹽
在〇c 下向經攪拌之(23,311,411,55,611)_2_[3_(2,3_二氫_苯 并[1,4]一氧雜環己烯_6_基甲基)_4_乙基-苯基]_6_羥甲基四 氫“辰喃-3,4,5·三醇(中間物 2, 1.0 g,2.4 _〇1)於 THF(15 ml)中之浴液中添加二乙基-胺基破酸二-第三丁酯(780 163058.doc -73- 201245219 mg,3_12 mmol)於THF(5 ml)中之溶液,接著添加四唑(435 mg,6.2 mmol)於DCM(12.5 ml)中之溶液。在相同溫度下 攪拌5分鐘後,在室溫下攪拌2〇分鐘。反應混合物冷卻 至-40C 且添加m-CPBA(830 mg,4.8 mmol)於 DCM(5 ml) 中之溶液。在相同溫度下攪拌反應混合物5分鐘且接著在 室溫下攪拌2小時。反應混合物冷卻至〇它且藉由添加1〇% 亞硫酸氫鈉溶液(5 ml)淬滅。用乙醚(3><1〇 mi)萃取。合併 之有機層用鹽水(5 ml)洗滌,經硫酸鈉乾燥且濃縮,得到 700 mg磷酸二-第三丁酯(2尺,刊,411,511,68)_6_[3_(2,3_二氫_ 苯并[1,4]二氧雜環己烯_6·基甲基)·4_乙基-苯基]_3,4,5三 羥基-四氫-哌喃-2-基甲酯。 向經欖拌之磷酸二-第三丁酯(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-[3-(2,3-二氫-苯并μ〆]二氧雜環己烯_6_基曱基)_4_乙基苯 基]-3,4,5-三羥基-四氫-哌喃_2_基甲酯(500 mg)於曱醇 ml)中之溶液中添加大孔樹脂15離子交換樹脂(25〇 mg)且回 流隔夜。反應混合物冷卻至室溫’經矽藻土床過濾且濃縮 據液,得到 300 mg磷酸單 _{(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-[3-(2,3_: 氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜環己烯_6_基曱基)·4·乙基-苯基]_3,4,5_ 二經基-四氫-哌喃-2-基甲基}酯。粗物質接著用於下一反 應。 向磷酸單-{(211,33,411,511,68)-6-[3-(2,3-二氩-笨并[1,4]二 氧雜環己烯-6-基曱基)-4-乙基-苯基]_3,4,5_三羥基-四氫·哌 喃-2-基曱基)酯(3〇〇 mg,〇 6 mm〇l)於曱醇(5 ml)中之溶液 中添加含1 N碳酸氣納溶液(8〇 mg,0.7 mmol)之水。在室 163058.doc 74- 201245219 溫下攪拌2小時後’在減壓下蒸發揮發性物質。所得固體 用乙鱗濕磨。藉由製備型HPLC純化所得殘餘物,得到95 111居磷酸單_{(211,38,411,511,68)-6-[3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4]二 氧雜環己烯-6-基甲基)-4-乙基-苯基]-3,4,5-三羥基-四氫-哌 喃-2-基甲基}酯之二鈉鹽。 'H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ 1.06 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 3H), 2.56 (q. J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 3.34-3.41 (m, 2H), 3.49 (t, J=B.8 Hz, 1H), 3.81-3.88 (m, 3H), 3.92-3.99 (m, 1H), 4.05 (d, J=9.3 Hz, 1H), 4.16 (s, 4H), 4.20-4.25 (m, 1H), 6.54 (m, 2H), 6.67 (d,J=7.8 Hz,1H),7.12-7.21 (m,3H)。對於磷酸’ MS (ES) m/z 497.1 (M+l)。 以下為本發明之其他實施例: 實施例1 : _種由結構式⑴表示之化合物:
J "〇R1a OR1
(R23)q 163058.doc -75- 201245219
V為氫、鹵基或-ORlb ;
Ri、RU及Rlb係獨立地選自由氫、c丨烷基、匕1从 基-Cm烷基、_c(0)C6.w芳基及-C(〇)(^ 6烷基組成之群;方 R2及R2a在每次出現時係獨立地選自由鹵基、羥基、匸 烧基及Ci-6烧氧基組成之群; R3為齒基、經基、Ci.6烧基、齒基Ci6炫基、c3_丨 基、CN6烧氧基或鹵基Ci 3烧氧基; 4 R4係選自由以下組成之群:
ΗΆ %又 、 及 R為胺基酸側鏈; R6為c,_6烷基、c3,碳環基、
=c,·4烧基、5至10員雜芳基、或_雜芳V R7在每次出現時獨立地爲滸 碳環基-c丨·4烷基、3至1〇雜丨·6烷基、C3,碳環基、 …、一。芳基、二員:環基、(3至1。員, 匕6·丨0方基_c 基、或(5至10員雜芳基^丨_4烷旯· ·4’元土、至10員雜芳 η為〇、1、2或3;及 I63058.doc -76 - 201245219 q為ο、1或2。 實施例2 :如實施例1之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之 鹽’其中η為〇 <» 實施例3 :如實施例丨或2之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受 • 之鹽,其中q為〇。 ' 實知例4 :如實施例1至3中任一例之化合物或其醫藥學 上可接受之鹽,其中A為 灵施例5 .如前述實施例中任一例之化合物或其醫藥學 上可接受之鹽,其中V為_〇Rlb。 實施例6 :如前述實施例中任一例之化合物或其醫藥學 上可接受之鹽,其中Rl、Rla及Rlb為氫。 貫知例7 :如前述實施例中任一例之化合物或其醫藥學 上可接受之鹽,其中尺3為(:1.4烷基或c3 6環烷基。 實施例8 :如前述實施例中任一例之化合物或其醫藥學 上可接受之鹽,其中R3為乙基或環丙基。 實施例9 :如前述實施例中任一例之化合物或其醫藥學 上可接受之鹽,其中R3為乙基。 實施例10 :如前述實施例中任一例之化合物或其醫藥學 上可接受之鹽,其中R4為
163058.doc •77- 201245219 實施例11 :如實施例10之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之 鹽’其中R5為天然存在之胺基酸側鏈,其係選自由以下組 成之群:甘胺酸、丙胺酸、半胱胺酸、天冬醯胺、麩醯胺 酸、麩胺酸、精胺酸、天冬胺酸、組胺酸、離胺酸、異白 胺酸、白胺酸、甲硫胺酸、苯丙胺酸、脯胺酸、絲胺酸、 蘇胺酸、色胺酸、酪胺酸及纈胺酸之側鏈。 實施例12 :如實施例11之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之 鹽’其中R5為纈胺酸之側鏈。 實施例13 :如實施例丨〇之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之 鹽’其中R5為非標準胺基酸側鏈,其係選自由以下組成之 群:3,5-二溴酪胺酸、3,5-二填酪胺酸、偕-二甲基甘胺 酸、羥基賴胺酸、α-胺基丁酸、羥基脯胺酸、羊毛硫胺 酸 '曱狀腺素、鳥胺酸及瓜胺酸之側鏈。 實施例14 :如實施例1至9中任一例之化合物或其醫藥學 上可接受之鹽,其中R4為 〜人/ 〇 實施例15 :如實施例14之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之 鹽’其中R為Ci.6院基、C3-8碳環基-Ci·4烧基或苯基-(^^燒 基。 實施例16 :如實施例1 5之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之 鹽,其中R6為曱基、乙基、異丁基、第三丁基、雙環 [2.2.1]庚-2-基甲基、或卜苯基-乙-p基。 163058.doc -78 - 201245219 實施例17 :如實施例1至9中任一例之化合物或其醫藥學 上可接受之鹽,其中尺4為 0
實施例18 :如實施例17之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之 鹽,其中R7在每次出現時獨立地為氫或CU6烷基。 實施例19 :如實施例18之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之 鹽,其中各R7均為乙基。 實施例2 0 :如實施例18之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之 鹽,其中各R7均為氫。 實施例21 :如實施例1之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之 鹽’其中該化合物係選自由以下組成之群: (R)-2-胺基-3-甲基-丁酸(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S) 6_[3 (2,3·: 氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜環己烯-6_基曱基)_4_乙基_苯基]_3,4,5一 三羥基-四氫-哌喃-2-基甲酯; 碳酸(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-[4-環丙基 _3_(2 3_ 二氫 _ 苯并 [1,4]二氧雜環己稀-6-基曱基)苯基]_3,4,5_三羥基_四氫·。底 喃-2 -基甲自旨甲醋; 碳酸⑽我伙风叫冬卜環丙基id3·二氫_笨并 [1,4]二氧雜環己烯冬基曱基)苯基]·3,4,5:羥基_四氫-娘 喃-2-基曱g旨乙g旨; 碳酸(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-[4_ 環丙基 _3_(2,3_ 二氫 _ 笨并 163058.doc -79- 201245219 [1,4]二氧雜環己烯-6-基甲基)-苯基]-3,4,5-三羥基-四氫-哌 喃-2-基曱酯異丁酯; 碳酸(211,38,411,511,68)-6-[3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜 玉哀己稀-6-基甲基)-4-乙基-苯基]-3,4,5 -二輕基-四風-略喃_ 2-基甲酯乙酯; 碳酸(2尺,3 5,411,511,68)-6-[3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜 環己烯-6-基曱基)-4-乙基-苯基]-3,4,5-三羥基-四氫-哌喃-2-基曱酯異丁酯; 碳酸第三丁酯(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-[3-(2,3-二氫-苯并 [1,4]二氧雜環己烯-6-基甲基)-4-乙基-苯基]-3,4,5-三羥基-四氮-0底喃-2-基甲S旨; 碳酸雙環[2.2_1]庚-2-基曱酯(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-[3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[l,4]二氧雜環己烯-6-基曱基)-4-乙基-苯基]-3,4,5-三羥基-四氩-哌喃-2-基曱酯; 碳酸(211,33,411,511,68)-6-[3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜 環己烯-6-基曱基)-4-乙基-苯基]-3,4,5-三羥基-四氫-哌喃-2-基曱酯(S)-l-苯基-乙酯; 磷酸(211,33,411,511,68)-6-[3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜 環己稀-6-基曱基)-4 -乙基-苯基]-3,4,5-二經基-四氮-n底0南_ 2-基曱酯二乙酯; 磷酸(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-[4-環丙基-3-(2,3-二氫-苯并 [1,4]二氧雜環己烯-6-基曱基)-苯基]-3,4,5-三羥基-四氫-哌 喃-2 -基曱®旨二乙西旨, 磷酸單-{(2尺,33,411,511,68)-6-[3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧 163058.doc -80- 201245219 雜環己烯-6-基甲基)_4 °南-2-基甲基旨。 -乙基-苯基]_3,4,5-三羥基 -四氩-旅 貫施例22 :—種醫藥& ^ & 请樂組合物,其包含治療有效量之如實 施例1至21中任一例夕儿人此上 例之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽及 -或多種醫藥學上可接受之載劑。 ^ 療有效量之如實施例1 上可接受之鹽及一或多 實施例23 : 一種組合,其包含治 至21中任一例之化合物或其醫藥學 種治療活性輔劑。 貫細例24種抑制個體中鈉-D-葡萄糖共轉運體活性 之方法’纟中該方法包含投與個體治療有效量之如實施例 1至21中任一例之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽。 貫細•例2 5種/台療糖尿病之方法,其包含投與有需要 之個體如貫;^例1至21中任一例之化合物或其醫藥學上可 接受之鹽。 實施例26 : —種治療個體之由鈉_D_葡萄糖共轉運體介 導之疾病或病狀之方法,其包含投與有需要之哺乳動物治 療有效量之如實施例1至21中任一例之化合物或其醫藥學 上可接受之鹽。 實施例27 :如實施例26之方法,其中該疾病或病狀為代 謝症候群、症候群X、糖尿病、胰島素抗性、葡萄糖耐受 性降低、非胰島素依賴性糖尿病、u型糖尿病、I型糖尿 病、糖尿病併發症、體重失調、肥胖症或瘦素相關疾病。 實施例28 :如實施例27之方法,其中該疾病或病狀為血 月曰異#、肥胖症、腺島素抗性、南企壓、微量白蛋白尿、 163058.doc -81 - 201245219 高尿酸血症或南凝血性。 實施例29 :如實施例1至21中任一例之化合物或其醫藥 學上可接受之鹽,其係用作藥物。 實施例30 :如實施例1至21辛任一例之化合物或其醫藥 學上可接受之鹽,其係用於治療糖尿病。 實施例3 1 :如實施例1至21中任一例之化合物或其醫藥 學上可接受之鹽,其係用於治療個體之由鈉-D-葡萄糖共 轉運體介導之疾病或病狀。 實施例32 :如實施例3 1中任一例之化合物或其醫藥學上 可接受之鹽,其中該疾病或病狀為代謝症候群、症候群 X、糖尿病、腺島素抗性、葡萄糖耐受性降低、非胰島素 依賴性糖尿病、II型糖尿病、I型糖尿病 '糖尿病併發症、 體重失調、肥胖症或痩素相關疾病。 實施例33 :如實施例32之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之 鹽,其中該疾病或病狀為也脂異常、肥胖症、膜島素抗 性、南血壓、微量白蛋白尿、高尿酸血症或高凝血性。 實施例34 :如實施例1至21中任一例之化合物或其醫藥 學上可接受之鹽之用途,其係用於製造用以治療糖尿病之 藥物。 實施例35 :如實施例丨至21中任一例之化合物或其醫藥 學上可接受之鹽之用途,其係用於製造用以治療由鈉也 葡萄糖共轉運體介導之病症或疾病之藥物。 實施例32 :如實施例35之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之 鹽之用途,其中該疾病或病狀為代謝症候群、症候群X、 163058.doc -82- 201245219 糖尿病、胰島素抗性、葡萄糖耐受性降低、非胰島素依賴 性糖尿病、II型糖尿病、1型糖尿病、糖尿病併發症、體重 失調、肥胖症或痩素相關疾病。 實施例33 :如實施例32之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之 • 鹽之用途’其中該疾病或病狀為血脂異常、肥胖症、膜島 . 素抗性、高血壓、微量白蛋白尿、高尿酸血症或高凝血 性。 實施例34 : —種醫藥組合物,其包含治療有效量之如實 施例1至21中任一例之化合物或其醫藥學上可接A ^ 之鹽與 治療有效量之另一種治療劑組合。 實施例35 : —種醫藥組合,其包含: i) 如實施例1至21中任一例之化合物或其醫藥學上 可接受之鹽, ii) 至少一種選自以下之化合物·· a) 抗糖尿病劑’ b) 降血脂劑, c) 抗肥胖劑, d) 抗高血壓劑’ e) 過氧化體增殖活化受體促效劑。 163058.doc •83-
Claims (1)
- 201245219 七 1. 、申請專利範園: 一種由結構式(I)表示的化合物, jaR3 V, Y'0R1£ OR1 或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中: A係選自由以下組成之群:N.jR2a)c(R2)n X-V^o(R2a)c及 V為氫、鹵基或_〇Rlb ; R1、Rla&Rlb係獨立地選自由氫、c丨·6烷基、匸 VJ » I #Λ # 羥基、 基-Cm烷基、-C(0)C6 iQ芳基及-C(〇)Ci 6烷基組成之: R2及尺23在每次出現時係獨立地選自由鹵基、 , Ci_6淀基及C!.6貌氧基組成之群; 163058.doc 201245219 R3為鹵基、羥基、C丨·6烷基、鹵基C丨·6烧基、C3丨〇環烷 基、C!·6炫氧基或函基(^.3^氧基; R4係選自由以下組成之群:R5為胺基酸側鏈; R6為cU6烷基、c3.1()碳環基、c31()碳環基_Ci 4烷基、3 至10員雜環基、(3至10員雜環基)_Ci-4烷基、C61Q芳基、 C6_1()芳基-Cl-4烷基、5至10員雜芳基、或(5至1〇員雜芳 基)-Ci.4院基; R7在每次出現時獨立地為氫、Cl·6烷基、c3,碳環 基匸3-1〇奴%基-Ci-4烧基' 3至10員雜環基、(3至1〇員雜 環基)-Ci.4烷基、c6-10芳基、C6_10芳基_Ci4烷基、5至1〇 員雜芳基、或(5至10員雜芳基)_Ci 4烷基; n為0、1、2或3 ;及 q為ο、1或2。 2.如4求項1之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,直中n為 0。 八 ”’ 3·如請求項1或2之化合物或其醫藥學+可接受之鹽,其中 q為 0。 ’ '、 4·如請求们或2之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中 A為 八 163058.doc -2- 201245219 Γ^Τ^0、 J。 5. 如請求項1或2之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中 V為-〇Rlb。 6. 如請求項1或2之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中 R1、Rla&Rlb為氫。 7. 如請求項1或2之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中 R為Ci_4烧基或匚3-6丨哀炫*基。 8. 如請求項1或2之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中 R3為乙基或環丙基。 9. 如請求項1或2之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中 R3為乙基。 10. 如請求項1或2之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中 R4為11. 如請求項10之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中R5 為天然存在之胺基酸側鏈’其係選自由以下組成之群: 甘胺酸、丙胺酸、半胱胺酸、天冬醯胺、麵醯胺酸、麵 胺酸、精胺酸、天冬胺酸、組胺酸、離胺酸、異白胺 酸、白胺酸、曱硫胺酸、苯丙胺酸、脯胺酸、絲胺酸、 蘇胺酸、色胺酸、酪胺酸及纈胺酸之側鏈。 12. 如請求項U之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中R5 163058.doc 201245219 為纈胺酸之側鏈》 13. 如請求項10之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中R5 為非標準胺基酸侧键,其係選自由以下組成之群:3 5 -二溴酪胺酸、3,5-二碘酪胺酸、偕-二甲基甘胺酸、經基 賴胺酸、α-胺基丁酸、羥基脯胺酸、羊毛硫胺酸、甲狀 腺素、鳥胺酸及瓜胺酸之側鏈。 14. 如請求項1或2之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中 R4為15. 如請求項14之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中R6 為Ci.6燒基、C;}·8碳環基-C1-4院基、或苯基4烧基。 16. 如請求項15之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中r6 為甲基、乙基、異丁基、第三丁基、雙環[2.2.1]庚—2_基 曱基、或1-笨基-乙-1-基。 17·如請求項1或2之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中 R4 為 '、18. 如請求項17之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中^ 在每次出現時獨立地為氫或CN6烷基。 19. 如請求項18之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中各 R7均為乙基。 163058.doc 201245219 20.如清求項18之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中各 R均為氫。 21·如請求項1之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中該 化合物係選自由以下組成之群: (R)-2-胺基 _3_ 甲基-丁酸(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-[3-(2,3-: 氫-笨并[1,4]二氧雜環己烯-6-基甲基)-4-乙基-苯基l· 3’4’5-二經基·四氫底喃-2-基曱醋; 碳酸(2尺,33,411,5尺,68)-6-[4-環丙基-3-(2,3-二氫-苯并 t1,4]二氧雜環己烯-6-基甲基)-苯基]-3,4,5-三羥基-四氫-哌喃_2-基甲酯曱酯; 碳酸(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-[4-環丙基-3-(2,3-二氫-苯并 Π,4]二氧雜環己烯-6-基甲基)-苯基]-3,4,5-三羥基-四氫_ 派喃-2·基甲酯乙酯; 碳酸(2尺,38,411,511,65)-6-[4-環丙基-3-(2,3-二氫-苯并 [1,4]二氧雜環己烯-6-基甲基)-苯基]_3,4,5·三羥基-四氫· 哌喃-2-基曱醋異丁酯; 碳酸(211,38,411,5尺,63)-6-[3-(2,3-二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜 環己烯-6_基甲基)-4-乙基-苯基]-3,4,5-三羥基-四氫-哌 喃-2-基曱酯乙酯; 碳酸(2尺,38,411,5尺,68)-6-[3-(2,3_二氫-苯并[1,4]二氧雜 環己烯-6-基甲基)-4-乙基-苯基]-3,4,5-三羥基-四氫-哌 D南-2-基曱g旨異丁 g旨, 碳酸第三丁 g旨(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-[3-(2,3-二氫-苯并 [1,4]二氧雜環己烯-6-基曱基)-4-乙基-苯基l·3,4,5-二羥 163058.doc 201245219 基-四氫-哌喃-2-基甲酯; 碳酸雙環[2.2.1]庚-2-基甲醋(2R,3s,4R 5R,6S) 6 [3_ (2,3 一氫-本并[I,4] 一氧雜環己稀_6_基甲基)·4·乙基-苯 基]三經基-四氫-〇底喃-2-基曱g旨; 碳酸⑽瓜吼化州冬叫仏二氣-苯并⑽二氧雜 環己稀+基甲基)-4-乙基-苯基]如三,里基四氫娘 喃_2_基甲酯(S)」-苯基_乙酯; «(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)_6_[3-(2n_^[Mb_ 環己稀-6_基甲基)_4_乙基-苯基]·3,4,5三經基四氫娘 喃-2-基甲酯二乙酯; 碟酸(2尺,38,伙风68)-6-[4_環丙基_3_(2 3_二氫_苯并 [Μ]二氧雜環己烯-6-基甲基)-苯基]_3,4,5-三羥基四氫_ 0底喃-2-基曱酯二乙酯; 填酸單-{(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-6-[3_(2,3< 氫苯并⑴化 氧雜環己烯-6-基甲基)-4-乙基-苯基]_3,4,5·三經基_四氮—_ 哌喃-2-基甲基}酯。 22. 23. 24. 25. 如請求項1或2之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其係 用作藥物。 如請求項1或2之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其係 用於治療糖尿病。 如睛求項1或2之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其係 用於治療個體之由鈉-D-葡萄糖共轉運體介導之疾病戋病 狀。 如請求項24中任一項之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之 163058.doc 201245219 鹽,其中該疾病或病狀為代謝症候群'症候群x、糖尿 病、胰島素抗性、葡萄糖耐受性降低、非胰島素依賴性 糖尿病、11型糖尿病、1型糖尿病、糖尿病併發症、體重 失調、肥胖症或瘦素相關疾病。 26·如請求項25之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中該 疾病或病狀為血脂異常、肥胖症、胰島素抗性、高血 壓、微量白蛋白尿、高尿酸血症或高凝血性。 27. -種醫藥組合&,其包含治療有效量之如請求項⑴丨 中任一項之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽及一或多種 醫藥學上可接受之載劑。 28. 種組合,其包含治療有效量之如請求項i至2丨中任一 項之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽及一或多種治療活 性輔劑。 29. 種如6青求項1至21中任一項之化合物或其醫藥學上可 接又之鹽之用途,其係用於製造用以抑制鈉_d·葡萄糖共 轉運體活性之藥物。 3〇· —種如請求項丨至21中任一項之化合物或其醫藥學上可 接受之鹽之用途,其係用於製造用以治療糖尿病之藥 物。 31. 種如凊求項1至21中任一項之化合物或其醫藥學上可 接又之鹽之用途,其係用於製造用以治療由鈉-D_葡萄糖 共轉運體介導之病症或疾病的藥物。 32. —種如請求項35之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽之用 途,其中该疾病或病狀為代謝症候群、症候群χ、糖尿 163058.doc 201245219 33. 34. 35. 病、胰島素抗性、葡萄糖耐受性降低、非胰島素依賴性 糖尿病' II型糖尿病、I型糖尿病、糖尿病併發症、體重 失調、肥胖症或瘦素相關疾病。 一種如請求項32之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽之用 途,其中s亥疾病或病狀為血脂異常、肥胖症、姨島素抗 性、高血壓、微量白蛋白尿、高尿酸血症或高凝血性。 一種醫藥組合物,其包含治療有效量之如請求項丨至21 中任一項之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,與治療有 效量之另一種治療劑組合。 一種醫藥組合,其包含: 1)如請求項i至2 i中任一項之化合物或其醫藥學上可接 受之鹽, li)至少一種選自以下之化合物: Μ抗糖尿病劑, b) 降血脂劑, c) 抗肥胖劑, d) 抗而血壓劑, e) 過氧化體增殖活化受體促效劑。 163058.doc 201245219 四、指定代表圖: (一) 本案指定代表圖為:(無) (二) 本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明: 五、本案若有化學式時,請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式:VR3 (I) 163058.doc
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WO2006018150A1 (de) | 2004-08-11 | 2006-02-23 | Boehringer Ingelheim International Gmbh | D-xylopyranosyl-phenyl-substituierte cyclen, diese verbindungen enthaltende arzneimittel, deren verwendung und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung |
DE102004048388A1 (de) | 2004-10-01 | 2006-04-06 | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Gmbh & Co. Kg | D-Pyranosyl-substituierte Phenyle, diese Verbindungen enthaltende Arzneimittel, deren Verwendung und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
US7750145B2 (en) | 2004-11-18 | 2010-07-06 | Kissei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | 1-substituted-3-β-D-glucopyranosylated nitrogenous hetero-cyclic compounds and medicines containing the same |
AR053329A1 (es) * | 2005-01-31 | 2007-05-02 | Tanabe Seiyaku Co | Derivados de indol utiles como inhibidores de los transportadores de glucosa dependientes del sodio (sglt) |
US20080027014A1 (en) | 2006-07-28 | 2008-01-31 | Tanabe Seiyaku Co., Ltd. | Novel SGLT inhibitors |
TW200817424A (en) | 2006-08-04 | 2008-04-16 | Daiichi Sankyo Co Ltd | Benzylphenyl glucopyranoside derivatives |
UY31651A1 (es) * | 2008-02-13 | 2009-09-30 | Nuevos derivados de fluoroglicósidos aromáticos, medicamentos que comprenden estos compuestos y uso de los mismos. | |
WO2010128152A1 (en) * | 2009-05-07 | 2010-11-11 | Novartis Ag | Fused heterocyclic c-glycosides for the treatment of diabetes |
US8163704B2 (en) * | 2009-10-20 | 2012-04-24 | Novartis Ag | Glycoside derivatives and uses thereof |
-
2012
- 2012-04-04 US US13/439,155 patent/US8614195B2/en active Active
- 2012-04-12 KR KR1020137029813A patent/KR20140027250A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-04-12 MA MA36319A patent/MA35032B1/fr unknown
- 2012-04-12 SG SG2013075908A patent/SG194463A1/en unknown
- 2012-04-12 PE PE2013002300A patent/PE20141039A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-04-12 CN CN201280028536.3A patent/CN103748090B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-04-12 JP JP2014504432A patent/JP5908973B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-04-12 UY UY0001034018A patent/UY34018A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-04-12 AU AU2012241427A patent/AU2012241427B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2012-04-12 EA EA201391525A patent/EA201391525A1/ru unknown
- 2012-04-12 CA CA2832958A patent/CA2832958A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-04-12 AP AP2010307179A patent/AP2013007179A0/xx unknown
- 2012-04-12 BR BR112013026257A patent/BR112013026257A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2012-04-12 MX MX2013011927A patent/MX2013011927A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-04-12 ES ES12719083.3T patent/ES2621007T3/es active Active
- 2012-04-12 EP EP12719083.3A patent/EP2697217B1/en active Active
- 2012-04-12 WO PCT/IB2012/051799 patent/WO2012140597A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-04-13 AR ARP120101273A patent/AR086086A1/es unknown
- 2012-04-13 TW TW101113290A patent/TW201245219A/zh unknown
- 2012-09-13 US US13/613,090 patent/US20130018005A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2013
- 2013-10-07 IL IL228771A patent/IL228771A0/en unknown
- 2013-10-10 CO CO13241013A patent/CO6781541A2/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2013-10-11 TN TNP2013000413A patent/TN2013000413A1/fr unknown
- 2013-10-14 CL CL2013002973A patent/CL2013002973A1/es unknown
- 2013-10-14 CU CU2013000139A patent/CU20130139A7/es unknown
- 2013-10-14 CR CR20130530A patent/CR20130530A/es unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2012140597A1 (en) | 2012-10-18 |
MA35032B1 (fr) | 2014-04-03 |
EP2697217B1 (en) | 2016-12-28 |
ES2621007T3 (es) | 2017-06-30 |
BR112013026257A2 (pt) | 2019-09-24 |
AR086086A1 (es) | 2013-11-20 |
KR20140027250A (ko) | 2014-03-06 |
AU2012241427B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 |
CL2013002973A1 (es) | 2014-03-07 |
SG194463A1 (en) | 2013-12-30 |
CU20130139A7 (es) | 2014-01-29 |
PE20141039A1 (es) | 2014-08-30 |
JP2014511874A (ja) | 2014-05-19 |
EA201391525A1 (ru) | 2014-02-28 |
US20120264700A1 (en) | 2012-10-18 |
JP5908973B2 (ja) | 2016-04-26 |
CA2832958A1 (en) | 2012-10-18 |
US20130018005A1 (en) | 2013-01-17 |
CN103748090A (zh) | 2014-04-23 |
AU2012241427A1 (en) | 2013-10-31 |
CN103748090B (zh) | 2016-09-14 |
EP2697217A1 (en) | 2014-02-19 |
IL228771A0 (en) | 2013-12-31 |
CO6781541A2 (es) | 2013-10-31 |
AP2013007179A0 (en) | 2013-10-31 |
MX2013011927A (es) | 2013-11-01 |
CR20130530A (es) | 2014-02-04 |
TN2013000413A1 (en) | 2015-03-30 |
US8614195B2 (en) | 2013-12-24 |
UY34018A (es) | 2012-11-30 |
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