TW200944207A - Compositions for site-specific delivery of imatinib and methods of use - Google Patents
Compositions for site-specific delivery of imatinib and methods of use Download PDFInfo
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- TW200944207A TW200944207A TW098109234A TW98109234A TW200944207A TW 200944207 A TW200944207 A TW 200944207A TW 098109234 A TW098109234 A TW 098109234A TW 98109234 A TW98109234 A TW 98109234A TW 200944207 A TW200944207 A TW 200944207A
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- Prior art keywords
- cellulose
- imatinib
- ammonium
- compound
- formulation
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- 239000005517 L01XE01 - Imatinib Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 229960002411 imatinib Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- KTUFNOKKBVMGRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imatinib Chemical compound C1CN(C)CCN1CC1=CC=C(C(=O)NC=2C=C(NC=3N=C(C=CN=3)C=3C=NC=CC=3)C(C)=CC=2)C=C1 KTUFNOKKBVMGRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 24
- -1 imatinib compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 151
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000009505 enteric coating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002702 enteric coating Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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Classifications
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- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/4965—Non-condensed pyrazines
- A61K31/497—Non-condensed pyrazines containing further heterocyclic rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/47—Quinolines; Isoquinolines
- A61K31/4738—Quinolines; Isoquinolines ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/4745—Quinolines; Isoquinolines ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems condensed with ring systems having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. phenantrolines
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- A61K9/127—Synthetic bilayered vehicles, e.g. liposomes or liposomes with cholesterol as the only non-phosphatidyl surfactant
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- A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
- A61K9/141—Intimate drug-carrier mixtures characterised by the carrier, e.g. ordered mixtures, adsorbates, solid solutions, eutectica, co-dried, co-solubilised, co-kneaded, co-milled, co-ground products, co-precipitates, co-evaporates, co-extrudates, co-melts; Drug nanoparticles with adsorbed surface modifiers
- A61K9/145—Intimate drug-carrier mixtures characterised by the carrier, e.g. ordered mixtures, adsorbates, solid solutions, eutectica, co-dried, co-solubilised, co-kneaded, co-milled, co-ground products, co-precipitates, co-evaporates, co-extrudates, co-melts; Drug nanoparticles with adsorbed surface modifiers with organic compounds
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- A61K9/141—Intimate drug-carrier mixtures characterised by the carrier, e.g. ordered mixtures, adsorbates, solid solutions, eutectica, co-dried, co-solubilised, co-kneaded, co-milled, co-ground products, co-precipitates, co-evaporates, co-extrudates, co-melts; Drug nanoparticles with adsorbed surface modifiers
- A61K9/146—Intimate drug-carrier mixtures characterised by the carrier, e.g. ordered mixtures, adsorbates, solid solutions, eutectica, co-dried, co-solubilised, co-kneaded, co-milled, co-ground products, co-precipitates, co-evaporates, co-extrudates, co-melts; Drug nanoparticles with adsorbed surface modifiers with organic macromolecular compounds
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
- A61K47/10—Alcohols; Phenols; Salts thereof, e.g. glycerol; Polyethylene glycols [PEG]; Poloxamers; PEG/POE alkyl ethers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/28—Steroids, e.g. cholesterol, bile acids or glycyrrhetinic acid
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Oncology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
Description
200944207 六、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於包含伊馬替尼之調配物、及使用該等調配 物之方法的領域。 【先前技術】 伊馬替尼係抑制bcr-abl酪胺酸激酶之蛋白酪胺酸激酶抑 制劑’該bcr-abl酪胺酸激酶係由慢性趙細胞白血病(Cml) 中費城(Philadelphia)染色體異常產生之組成型異常酪胺酸 激酶。伊馬替尼在費城染色體陽性髓細胞白血病之bcrabl 陽性細胞系以及新鮮白血病細胞中誘發增生且誘發〉周亡。 在使用離體外周血及骨髓試樣之菌落形成分析中,伊馬替 尼展示對CML患者之bcr-abl陽性菌落的抑制作用。 在活體内’伊馬替尼抑制經bcr-abl轉染的鼠科骨髓細胞 以及源自處於急性轉化期之CML患者的bcr-abl陽性白血病 細胞系的腫瘤生長。伊馬替尼亦係血小板源生長因子 (PDGF)及幹細胞因子(SCF)及c-kit之受體酪胺酸激酶的抑 制劑’且其抑制PDGF及SCF介導之細胞性事件。在活體 外,伊馬替尼在胃腸道間質瘤(GIST)細胞中抑制增生並誘 發凋亡,該等細胞表現激活c_kit突變。 伊馬替尼係以伊馬替尼曱磺酸鹽形式投與給患者。伊馬 替尼甲磺酸鹽係白色至米色至褐色至淡黃色淡色結晶粉 末。伊馬替尼曱磺酸鹽在化學上稱為4-[(4·曱基-i_六氫吼 。秦基)甲基]-N-[4-甲基-3-[[4-(3-°比咬基)-2-嘧。定基]胺基]-笨 基]苯甲醯胺曱烧續酸鹽。其分子式係C29h31N7OCH4S03, 139271.doc 200944207 且其分子量為589.7。伊馬替尼曱磺酸鹽之結構展示於下 式I中:
式I
伊馬替尼甲磺酸鹽極易溶於水中且溶於pHS5.5之缓衝水 溶液中但在中性/鹼性緩衝水溶液中極微溶至不溶。在非 水性溶劑中,藥物物質任意溶解至極微溶於二曱亞砜、曱 醇及乙醇中,但不溶於正辛醇、丙酮及乙腈中。伊馬替尼 甲石黃酸鹽化合物揭示於(例如)頒予Zimmermann之美國專利 第 5,521,184號「Pyrimidine Derivatives and Processes for the Preparation Thereof」及頒予Bhalla等人之美國專利申 請公開案第 2004/0127571 號「Method of Treating Leukemia with a Combination of Suberoylanilide Hydromaxic Acid and Imatinib Mesylate」中。該等參考文獻均以引用方式 併入本文中。 伊馬替尼曱續酸鹽係以商品名Gleevec®出售。Gleevec® 膜包覆錠劑含有相當於1〇〇 mg或400 mg伊馬替尼游離鹼之 伊馬替尼甲磺酸鹽。Gleevec®亦包括以下非活性成份:膠 139271.doc 200944207 態二氡化矽(NF)、交聯聚維酮(NF)、硬脂酸鎂(NF)及微晶 纖維素(NF)。錠劑塗佈有氧化鐵,紅色(NF);氧化鐵,音 色(NF);羥丙基甲基纖維素(USP);聚乙二醇(NF)及滑石 粉(USP)。
一般而言’對處於慢性期CML之成年患者Gleevec⑧的處 方劑量為400 mg/天且對處於加速期或急性轉化期之成年 患者處方劑量為600 mg/天。另外,對於患有不可切除及/ 或轉移性惡性GIST之成年患者,Gleevec⑧之推薦劑量係 4〇〇 mg/天或600 mg/天》常規定與飯及一大玻 璃杯水一起口服投與,其中劑量為每日一次投與4〇〇爪§或 6〇〇 mg及每天兩次每次投與4〇〇 mg* 8〇〇 mg的劑量。 然而’伊馬替尼之攝取伴隨不期望副作用,纟包括(但 不限於)浮腫…惡心、呕吐、疲勞、肌肉痙攣、腹填、腹 痛、及其他不良反應。 因此,業内需要不影響伊馬替尼之效力同時減小或消除 至少一些其副作用的經改良伊馬替尼調配物。 【發明内容】 本發明者已觀察到伊馬替尼之以投與可消除π區吐之發生 率且推斷出唱吐可能由伊馬替尼之局部胃作用造成。因 此,若以伊馬替尼在個體胃内釋放受到阻止或減少之調配 =與伊馬替丨,則可減小或完全消除此有害副作用之嚴 重^及/或發生次數。另外,亦可藉由在腸_放伊馬替 尼來阻止或減小其他上部GI副作用,例如消化不良。 因此,本發明藉由以下解決現有伊馬替尼調配物之缺 I39271.doc 200944207 點:在一個態樣中,提供含有伊馬替尼化合物及腸溶基質 或腸溶包衣或其組合之口服調配物以投與給個體,藉此至 少80%之伊馬替尼化合物在個體之小腸内釋放。 在一組實施例中,口服調配物之至少一部分伊馬替尼化 〇物呈奈米顆粒形式,且伊馬替尼化合物之奈米粒子進一 步I 3至少種表面穩定劑。在某些實施例中,調配物包 卜 含至少一第二活性成份,其可視情況以奈米顆粒形式存 在。在某些實施例中,該至少一第二活性成份係選自止吐 化合物、止瀉化合物、及出拮抗劑。 ❹ 在另一態樣中,本發明提供治療患有適於伊馬替尼療法 之疾病之個體的方法,其包含對個體投與本發明前述態樣 任一實施例之調配物。在一個實施例中,該方法投與具有 - 約800 mg伊馬替尼等效物之調配物的單一曰劑量。 · 【實施方式】 出於更好地理解本申請案之目的,提供以下定義: 詞語「約」將為所屬領域的普通技術人員所瞭解且在使 用其之上下文中具有一定程度的不同。若使用此詞語的上 ❹ 下文中所使用的此詞語不為所屬領域的普通技術人員所瞭 解’則「約」將意指特定詞語的至多±1 〇0/〇。 短語「難溶性藥物」係指彼等於中性PH下難溶於水性介 質(例如水)中之藥物。舉例而言,難溶性藥物係彼等於中 !·生pH下在水性介質中溶解度小於約3〇 、小於約 mg/m卜小於約10 mg/nU、或小於約1 mg/ml之藥物。 可藉由業内所熟知之任一適當方法確定水溶解度。舉例 139271.doc 200944207 而言,可藉由以下確定溶解度:向維持於3rc之溫度下的 恒溫浴甲之攪拌或搜動介質中添加治療劑直至溶解與未溶 解狀態間建立平衡且已溶解藥物之濃度恆定為止。隨後可 通常於壓力下穿過〇.8微米的微孔過濾器過濾所得活性劑 的飽和溶液’且可藉由包括重量法、紫外分光光度法、層 析法在内之任一適當分析方法量測在溶液中之濃度。 本文所用詞語「小於約2_ nm之有效平均粒徑」意指 ❹
在藉由(例如)沉降流分離、光子相關光譜、光散射、圓盤 離心、及彼等熟習此項技術者所熟知之其他技術量測時, 以重量計(或藉由其他適宜量測技術,例如藉由數量、體 積等)至少約50%之奈米顆粒伊馬替尼甲績酸鹽的粒徑小於 約 2000 nm 〇 當提及穩定伊馬替尼甲續酸鹽奈米顆粒粒子時,本文所 用「穩定」表示(但不限於)以下參數之__或多者:⑴粒子 不因:…吸引力而顯著絮凝或團聚或者粒徑隨時間流逝 顯著曰大,(2)粒子之物理結構不隨時間而變化,例如自 非晶相轉化為結晶相;(3)粒子化學上穩定;及/或⑷在製 備本發明奈米粒子令,伊馬替尼W酸鹽不經受處於或高 於伊馬替尼甲磺酸鹽熔點之加熱步驟。 詞語「習用」或「非奈米顆粒活性劑」應意指用於增溶 或有效平均粒徑大於約2_ nm之活性劑。本文所定義之 不米顆粒活性劑具有小於約2〇〇〇 nm之有效平均粒徑。 口般1^ 5 ’本發明提供包含伊馬替尼化合物及腸溶基質 s、腸容〇 t《知;谷基質與腸溶包衣之組合的調配物。伊 139271.doc 200944207 馬替尼化合物可以游離鹼(即,伊馬替尼本舂、+ , 十牙)或以伊馬替 尼之鹽(包括但不限於伊馬替尼甲磺酸鹽)之形式存在。 亦可使用伊馬替尼衍生物。在一個實施例中,伊馬替尼 化合物可表示為下式II:
在式II涵蓋之不同實施例t,每一取代基R1_R23可相同 或不同且彼此獨立地係選自由以下組成之群:; _〇H ; -F ; -Cl ; -Br ; -I ; -NH2 ;烷基胺基及二烷基胺基;直鏈 或具支鍵Ck烧基、C2·6稀基及炔基;芳烧基;直鍵或具支 鏈(^_6烷氧基;芳氧基;芳烷氧基;_(伸烷基)氧基(烷 基);-CN ; _N02 ; -COOH ; -COO(烷基);-COO(芳基); -CCCONH%.6 烷基);-C(0)NH(芳基);磺醯基;(Cl_6 烷基) 續酿基;芳基確醯基;胺續醢基、(Ci6烧基)胺續醢基; (C!.6烧基)硫基;(c1-6院基)續醢胺;芳基續醯胺; -NHNH2 ; -NHOH ;芳基;及雜芳基;且其中每一烧基、 烯基、炔基、芳基、及雜芳基部分可視情況經獨立地選自 由以下組成之群之一或多個基團取代·· _〇H ; -F ; -C1 ; -Br ; -I ; -NH2 ;烷基胺基及二烷基胺基;直鏈或具支鏈 139271.doc 200944207 &烷基、c2.6稀基及炔基;芳院基;直鍵或具支鍵&燒 氧基;芳氧基;芳炫氧基;~(伸院基)氧基⑽基);_CN、 _N〇2、-C〇〇H、_coo(烧基);_c〇〇(芳基);c(〇)nh(Ci6 烧基);-C(0)NH(芳基);續醯基;(Ci 6烧基)確酿基’·芳基 石黃酿基;胺續酿基、(Cl.6院基)胺續醯基;I烧基)^ 代;(Cw烷基)磺醯胺;芳基磺醯胺;·νηνη2 ;及 •ΝΗΟΗ。
伊馬替尼化合物經調配以防止其對患者胃部之局部作用 且由此減小或消除噁心及/或嘔吐之發生。在一個實施例 中,藉由用在胃環境(例如,於低Μ2 52ρΗ下)中難溶或不 溶但於較高pH(例如,約4至約8)下溶解之基質包覆伊馬替 尼化合物來達成此結果。腸溶包衣之此特徵確保至少8〇% 之伊馬替尼化合物在個體之小腸内釋放。較佳地,至少約 8 5 %之伊馬替尼化合物在個體之小腸内釋放,更佳地,約 90%之伊馬替尼化合物在個體之小腸内釋放,更佳約95% 且尤佳約1 00%之伊馬替尼化合物在個體之小腸内釋放。 適宜腸溶包衣已為業内所熟知且包括(但不限於)聚合物 包衣材料’例如乙酸鄰苯二曱酸纖維素、乙酸偏苯三酸纖 維素、鄰苯二甲酸羥丙基甲基纖維素、聚乙酸乙烯酯鄰苯 二曱酸酯、甲基丙烯酸錢共聚物(例如彼等以商品名 EUDRAGIT® RTM、RS、及RL出售者)、聚丙烯酸及聚丙 烯酸酯及曱基丙烯酸酯共聚物(例如彼等以商品名 EUDRAGIT® S及L出售者)、聚乙烯乙縮醛二乙基胺基乙 酸酯、乙酸琥珀酸羥丙基曱基纖維素、蟲膠;水凝膠及凝 139271.doc 200944207 / ;成材料,例如叛乙烯基聚合物、藻酸納、緩甲基纖維 素鈉、鲮甲基纖維素鈣、羧曱基澱粉鈉、聚乙烯醇、羥乙 基纖維素、甲基纖維素、明膠、澱粉、及纖維素基交聯聚 σ物(其中父聯度低以促進聚合物基質吸收水及膨脹)、羥 丙基纖維素、羥丙基甲基纖維素、聚乙烯基吼咯啶酮、交 聯版粉、微晶纖維素、殼多糖、胺基丙烯醯基-甲基丙烯 酸醋共聚物(EUDRAGIT® RS-PM,Rohm & Haas)、褐藻素 (pullulan)、膠原、酪蛋白、瓊脂、阿拉伯樹膠、羧曱基纖 維素納、(可溶脹親水性聚合物)聚(甲基丙烯酸羥基烷基 醋)(分子量為約5 k-5,000 k)、聚乙烯基吡咯啶酮(分子量為 約10 k-360 k)、陰離子型及陽離子型水凝膠、具有低乙酸 酿殘留物之聚乙烯醇、瓊脂與羧曱基纖維素之可溶脹混合 物、馬來酸酐與苯乙烯、乙烯、丙烯或異丁烯之共聚物、 果膠(分子量為約30 k-3 00 k)、多糖(例如瓊脂、阿拉伯 膠、梧桐膠、黃蓍膠、藻膠及瓜耳膠)、聚丙烯醯胺、 POLYOX®、聚環氧乙烧(分子量為約100 k-5,000 k)、 AQUAKEEP®丙烯酸酯聚合物、聚葡萄糖之二酯、交聯聚 乙烯醇及聚N-乙烯基-2-吡咯啶酮、羥基乙酸澱粉鈉(例 如,EXPLOTAM® ; Edward Mandell C.有限公司);親水性 聚合物,例如多糖、曱基纖維素、致曱基纖維素納或叛曱 基纖維素鈣、羥丙基曱基纖維素、羥丙基纖維素、羥乙基 纖維素、硝基纖維素、羧甲基纖維素、纖維素醚、聚環氧 乙烷(例如POLYOX®,Union Carbide)、曱基乙基纖維素、 乙基羥乙基纖維素、乙酸纖維素、丁酸纖維素、丙酸纖維 139271.doc -10- 200944207 素、明膠、膠原、澱粉、麥芽糊精、褐藻素、聚乙烯基吡 咯啶酮、聚乙烯醇、聚乙酸乙烯酯、甘油脂肪酸酯、聚丙 稀醯胺、聚丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸或曱基丙烯酸之共聚物 (例如,EUDRAGIT®,Rohm and Haas)、其他丙烯酸衍生 物、山梨醇酐酯、天然樹膠、卵磷脂、果膠、藻酸鹽、藻 . 酸銨、藻酸鈉、藻酸鈣、藻酸鉀、丙二醇藻酸酯、瓊脂、 及樹膠(例如阿拉伯膠、梧桐膠、刺槐豆膠、黃蓍膠、角 ❹ X菜膠、瓜耳膠、黃原膠)、硬葡聚糖及其混合物及摻合 物。 熟習此項技術者應瞭解,可向包衣中添加諸如增塑劑、 - 潤滑劑、溶劑及諸如此類等賦形劑。適宜增塑劑包括(例 如)乙醯化甘油單酯;丁基鄰苯二甲醯羥基乙酸丁酯;酒 石酸二丁基酯;鄰苯二甲酸二乙基酯;鄰苯二甲酸二甲基 醋,乙基鄰苯二甲醢經基乙酸乙酯;丙三醇; ,内-醇,甘 油三乙酸酯;檸檬酸酯;丙酸三甘油酯;甘油二乙酸萨. ❷ 鄰苯二甲酸二丁基酯;甘油單乙酸酯;聚乙二酿. 好,鼠麻 油,;^檬酸二乙基醋;多元醇、甘油、乙酸醋、甘、、由一 酸酯、乙醯檸檬酸三乙基酯、鄰苯二甲酸_ 又—卞基酯、鄰笨 二曱酸二己基酯、鄰苯二甲酸丁基酯辛基酯、鄰苯二子酸 ' 二異壬基酯、鄰苯二曱酸丁基酯辛基酯、斗^ a 士一酸二辛基 酯、環氧化樹脂酸鹽、偏苯三酸三異辛基酯、鄰苯二尹酸 二乙基己基酯、鄰苯二曱酸二正辛基酯、鄰笨二曱酸二異 辛基酯、鄰苯二甲酸二異癸基酯、鄰苯二甲酸二正十— 基酯、鄰苯二曱酸二正十三烷基酯、偏苯三二… —·Ζ· G % 己 139271.doc 200944207 基酯、己二酸二-2-乙基己基酯、癸二酸二-2-乙基己基 酯、壬二酸二-2-乙基己基酯' 及癸二酸二丁基酯。 此外,由本發明涵蓋之實例性腸溶包衣包括彼等揭示於 以下專利中者,每一案件均以引用方式併入本文中。 本發明涵蓋之一種實例性腸溶包衣組合物揭示於K.G.
Wagnen 專反之 Anion-induced Water Flux as Drug Release Mechanism Through Cationic Euragit RS BOD Film ·
Coatings, The AAPS Journal 2005, 7(3) Article 67, E668-E677中。Wagner揭示使用以商品名EUDRAGIT® RD由 ©
Dusseldorf, DE之Degussa GmbH出售的陽離子型聚甲基丙 烯酸酯用於延遲釋放口服劑型之聚合物包衣組合物。 本發明涵蓋之另一實例性腸溶包衣組合物揭示於N. Huyghebaert#^ K^In vitro Evaluation of Coating polymers for Enteric Coating and Human Ileal Targeting, International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2898 (2005), 26-27 中。Huyghebaert等人研究了許多以商品名EUDRAGIT®出 售之陽離子型聚甲基丙烯酸酯來評價腸溶性質及迴腸靶 向。 本發明之另一實施例包含分佈於整個錠劑基質中之伊馬 - 替尼化合物。藉助醫藥上可接受類型及量之表面活性劑及/ . 或賦形劑,錠劑在攝入時將崩解釋放出足以使藥物以生理 上可吸收形式存在之量的藥物。 本發明涵蓋之適宜基質材料包括親水性聚合物、疏水性 聚合物及其混合物,其包括(但不限於)微晶纖維素、羧曱 139271.doc 12 200944207 基纖維素鈉、羥基烷基纖維素(例如羥丙基甲基纖維素及 經丙基纖維素)、聚環氧乙烷、烷基纖維素(例如甲基纖維 素及乙基纖維素)、聚乙二醇、聚乙烯基吡咯啶酮、乙酸 纖维素、乙酸丁酸纖維素、乙酸鄰苯二曱酸纖維素、乙酸 偏苯三酸纖維素、聚乙酸鄰苯二甲酸乙烯酯、聚甲基丙烯 酸烷基酯、聚乙酸乙烯酯及其混合物。 一種該基質材料包含一或多種選自脂肪醇、甘油三酯、 ❹ 偏甘油酯及脂肪酸酯之群之賦形劑,如以引用方式併入本 文中之美國專利第7,175,854號所教示。根據一個實例,活 性成份分散於:i)由包含至少一種脂肪醇與至少一種固態 - 石蠛之混合物構成的賦形劑基質,ii)由包含至少一種甘油 • 三醋與至少一種固態石蠟之混合物構成的賦形劑基質, iii)由包含至少一種偏甘油酯與至少一種固態石蠟之混合 物構成的賦形劑基質,或iv)由包含至少一種脂肪酸酯與至 v —種固態石蠟之混合物構成的賦形劑基質。該等基質具 參 有间度穩疋性,藉由基質之粒徑及組成以控制方式釋放活 性成份,且因活性成份之均句傳遞而呈現良好流動特徵、 良好可壓縮性。若為酸不敎活性成份(例如,伊馬替尼 • 化合物)時,可藉由選擇基質賦形劑達成耐酸性以便在口 服形式之情形下省去财酸性包衣(即,腸溶包衣)。 本發明之另一適宜基質闡述於頒予D〇shi等人之 利第7,157,1〇〇號(「ι100號專利、 )甲这策件以引用方式 釋放2中。WO號專利揭示包含基質形成膠凝劑之受控 曰組合物,其欲用於活性劑之受控傳遞以維持洽療 139271.doc -13- 200944207 有效濃度。基質形成膠凝劑係選自由以下組成之群:羥丙 基甲基纖維素、甲基纖維素、羥丙基纖維素、卡波姆 (carbomer)、叛曱基纖維素、黃蓍膠、阿拉伯膠、瓜耳 膠、果膠、經修飾澱粉衍生物、黃原膠、刺槐豆膠、藻酸 鈉,最佳者係羥丙基曱基纖維素,即Methocel®,其在與 胃液接觸時溶脹並膠凝,從而形成捕獲所釋放氣體並亦以 _ 受控方式釋放活性劑之基質結構。 · 4 00號專利之另一基質形成膠凝劑係羥丙基曱基纖維 素,其黏度範圍為4,000 cps至約100,000 cps。適宜市售羥 © 丙基甲基纖維素(黏度為3000-5600 cP)可以商品名 Methocel® K4M購得且曱基纖維素(黏度為80000-120000 cP)可以商品名Methocel® K100M購得。 本發明涵蓋之另一適宜基質組合物包括彼等闡述於M. ·
Baluom 等人之 iie/ease of Sulpiride and
Sodium Decanoate from HPMC Matrices: A Rational Approach to Enhance Sulpiride Absorption in the Rat 〇
Pharmaceutical Research,第 17 卷,第 9 期, (2000) 1071-1076中者,該案件以引用方式併入本文中。
Baluom等人揭示包含不同量之癸酸納及HPMC之基質組合 - 物及其不同侵蝕速率。本發明涵蓋之又一基質組合物揭示 . 於 M.YL ΑϊάμβΑ 專人之Effect of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose and Hydrogenated Caster Oil in Naproxene Release From Sustained-Release Tablets, AAPS PharmSciTech 2001; 2 (2) 第 6 項及 R.O. Williams III 等人之 Mei/zot/ ίο 及ecover a 139271.doc -14- 200944207
Lipophilic Drug from Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Matrix Tablets, AAPS PhramSciTech 2001,2 (2)第 8項 中,該兩個案件均以引用方式併入本文中。Amaral等人揭 示包含親水性產品(HPMC)及疏水性產品(氫化蓖麻油)、填 充劑、及緩衝劑之雙壓縮基質錠劑的不同組成對萘普生 (naproxene)在大鼠中釋放速率的影響。 本發明涵蓋之又一適宜分散組合物包括彼等揭示於標題 均為「Solid Dispersion of Tacrolimus」之美國公開案第 20060177500號及其相應PCT公開案 WO 2005004848 ;及K. Yamashiia 等尺之 establishment of New Preparation Method for Solid Dispersion Formulation of Tacrolimus, International journal of Pharmaceutics 267 (2003) 79-91 中之組合物, 所有該等案件均以引用方式併入本文中。 在又一實施例中,伊馬替尼化合物可呈囊封於腸溶包衣 内之乳液或懸浮液形式。實例性乳化劑包括(但不限於)乙 醇、異丙醇、碳酸乙酯、乙酸乙酯、苯甲酵、苯甲酸苄基 酯、丙二醇、1,3 - 丁二醇、二甲基曱酿胺、油(例如棉籽 油、花生油、玉米胚芽油、橄欖油、蓖麻油、及芝麻 油)、丙三醇、四氫糠醇、聚乙二醇、山梨醇酐之脂肪酸 酯、或該等物質之混合物、及諸如此類。 受控釋放基質之額外非限制性實例闡述於以下中:美國 專利第 6,326,027號;第 6,340,475號;第 6,905,709號;第 6,645,527 號;第 6,576,260 號;第 6,326,027 號;第 6,254,887 號;第 6,306,438 號;第 6,129,933 號;第 139271.doc -15- 200944207
5,891,471 號;第 5,849,240 號;第 5,965,163 號;第 6,162,467 號;第 5,567,439 號;第 5,552,159 號;第 5,510,114 號;第 5,476,528 號;第 5,453,283 號;第 5,443,846 號;第 5,403,593 號;第 5,378,462 號;第 5,350,584 號;第 5,283,065 號;第 5,273,758 號;第 5,266,331 號;第 5,202,128 號;第 5,183,690 號;第 5,178,868 號;第 5,126,145 號;第 5,073,379 號;第 5,023,089 號;第 5,007,790 號;第 4,970,075 號;第 4,959,208號;第 4,59,208號;第 4,861,598號;第 4,844,909 號;第 4,834,984號;第 4,828,836號;第 4,806,337號;第 4,801,460 號;第 4,764,378 號;第 4,421,736 號;第 4,344,431 號;第 4,343,789 號;第 4,346,709 號;第 4,230,687 號;第 4,132,753 號;第 5,591,452 號;第 5,965,161 號;第 5,958,452 號;第 6,254,887 號;第 6,156,342 號;第 5,395,626 號;第 5,474,786 號;及第 5,919,826 號。
在又一貫例性實施例中,錠劑可表徵為將活性劑受控傳 遞至使用環境之滲透裝置。實例性滲透裝置包括彼等揭示 於以下專利中者,每一案件均以引用方式併入本文中。 頒予Theeuwes等人之美國專利第4,〇14,334號(「,3M號 專利」)揭示用於受控且連續傳遞藥物之滲透裝置,j 該裝置i 3 a) 3有藥物及滲透劑之核心;匕)圍繞該4 之半渗透性壓層,其包括外坐么^ 一 ι栝外。Ρ +滲透性薄片及内部半ί 性薄片;及c)使該核心盘奘罟k 一哀置外部連通之通道。在藥4 139271.doc -16 · 200944207 來自環境之流體之存在下,兩個半滲透 及物理完整性。⑽號專射所揭示通道包括3麼= 縫隙、口或孔,其係藉由機械程序或藉由在使用環境中侵 蝕可侵蝕元件(例如明膠塞)而形成。 頒予GuUtard等人之美國專利第4,576,6〇4號(「,6〇4號專 利」)揭示滲透裝置之若干不同實施例,該滲透裝置具有 在核心中之藥物及至少一個圍繞該核心之薄片。具體而 言,滲透裝置之一個實施例包含:a)含有藥物調配物之核 〜,其可包括用於受控釋放藥物之滲透劑;b)半滲透性 壁,其包含内部半滲透性薄片、中間微孔薄片、及外部水 洛性薄片且含有藥物;及c)使該核心與裝置外部連通的通 道0 頒予Guittard等人之美國專利第4,673,4〇5號(「,4〇5號專 利」)揭示一種滲透裝置’其包含:a)含有有益試劑之核 心、或室;b)惰性半滲透性壁,其含有有益試劑且圍繞該 核心;及c)至少一個在該滲透裝置壁中之通道,當滲透 裝置處於使用之流體環境中且與流體接觸並由此釋放壁中 之有益試劑時形成通道,其中當裝置處於使用之流體環境 中時’所形成通道使該滲透裝置中之室與裝置外部連通以 使有益試劑自室分散。'405號專利揭示使用可侵蚀元件形 成通道。 頒予Chen等人之美國專利第5,558,879號(「'879獍專 利」)揭示水溶性藥物之受控釋放錠劑,其中在使用環境 中(即,接受調配物的人的GI道内)形成通道。具體而言, 139271.doc -17· 200944207 受控釋放旋劑基本上由以下組成;a)核心,其含有藥物、 5-20重量%之水溶性滲透劑、水溶性聚合物黏合劑及醫藥 載劑;及b)圍繞該核心之雙層膜包衣,其基本上由以下組 成:(1)含有塑化水不溶性聚合物及水溶性聚合物之内部延 遲釋放包衣;及(2)含有藥物及水溶性聚合物之外部立即釋 放包衣。 頒予Ayer等人之美國專利第4,81〇,5〇2號(「,5〇2號專 利」)揭示用於傳遞單一藥物或活性藥物組合之滲透劑 型’其包含:a)含有第一及第二藥物之核心;b)圍繞該核 心之壁,其包含丙烯酸纖維素及羥丙基纖維素;c)在壁中 用於傳遞該(等)藥物之通道;及d)在壁外侧上之薄片,其 包含該(等)活性藥物、羥丙基纖維素及羥丙基曱基纖維素 中至少一者、及聚(環氧乙烷)以增強壁之機械整體性及藥 物動力學。 頒予Hamel等人之美國專利第4,8〇1,461號(「,46ι號專 利」)揭示用於傳遞活性藥物之滲透劑型。具體而, 滲透劑型包含:a)含有不同量活性藥物之核心;b)圍繞該 核心之半滲透性壁,其包含不同量的乙酸纖維素或三乙酸 纖維素及不同量的經丙基纖維素;c)該壁中用於自核心傳 遞藥物之通道,及視情況d)在壁外側上且句冬 i 3 /古性藥物之 薄片。核心亦可含有氯化鈉、微晶纖維♦、 H 羥丙基甲基纖 維素、硬脂酸鎮及聚(乙稀基°比洛咬酮)之夕 或夕者。該裝 置之通道可僅延伸穿過半渗透性壁或穿過半渗透性壁及外 部薄片二者。通道亦包括在使用環境中侵蝕或浸Ζ之材 139271.doc •18- 200944207 料 頒予Savastano等人之美國專利第5,681,584號(「,584號 專利」)揭示受控釋放藥物傳遞裝置,其包含:a)含有藥 物、可選滲透劑及可選賦形劑之核心;b)包含黏合劑、滲 透劑及潤滑劑中至少一者且圍繞該核心之缓釋型夾套;c) 圍繞該緩釋型夾套且視情況具有通道之半滲透性膜;幻在 半渗透性膜外側上或在半滲透性膜與緩釋型夾套間之含藥 物層,及e)可選腸溶包衣,該可選腸溶包衣在含藥物層外 側上、當含藥物層在緩釋型夾套與半滲孝性膜之間時在含 藥物層與半滲透性膜之間或在半滲透性膜外侧上。 頒予Faour等人之美國專利第6 〇〇4 584號(「Fa〇ui^,584 ❹ 號專利」)揭示一種滲透裝置,其由於特定改良能夠同時 或依次為一或多種活性劑提供寬範圍之獨立釋放曲線。該 裝置包括:a)壓縮核心’其包含第一活性劑及用於藥物之 受控及連續釋放的滲透劑;b)半滲透性膜,其圍繞該核心 且其中具有預先形成之通道,該膜對使用環境中之流體是 可滲透的且基本上不能滲透該第一活性劑;c)惰性、完全 可侵敍水溶性聚合物包衣,其包含部分或基本上完全圍繞 該半滲透性膜且堵塞壁中之通道的聚(乙烯基。比略咬盼 (乙酸乙烯酯)共聚物;及d) &含第二活性劑用於直接釋放 藥物之外部包衣中聚合物包衣部分或完全溶解或侵蝕 後自核心釋放該第-活性劑,且第—及第二活性劑釋放於 相同或不同使用環境中以提供—或多種活性劑之受控傳 遞。Fa,之,584號專利教示該第-及第二活性藥物可:同 139271.doc -19· 200944207 一藥物。 本發明之醫藥組合物亦可包含一或多種黏合劑、填充 劑、潤滑劑、懸浮劑、甜味劑、矯味劑、防腐劑、緩衝 劑、潤濕劑、崩解劑、泡騰劑、及其他賦形劑。該等賦形 劑已為業内所熟知。 填充劑之實例係乳糖單水合物、無水乳糖、及各種殺 粉’黏合劑之實例係各種纖維素及交聯聚乙烯基吡咯嘴 酮、微晶纖維素(例如 Avicel.RTM. PH101 及 Avicel.RTM. PH1〇2)、微晶纖維素及矽化微晶纖維素(pr〇S〇iv SMCC.TM.)。 適宜潤滑劑(包括作用於欲壓縮粉末流動性之試劑)係膠 態二氧化矽(例如Aer〇silRTM 2〇〇)、滑石粉、硬脂酸、硬 脂酸鎂、硬脂酸鈣及氧化矽凝膠。 甜味劑之實例餘何天然或人卫甜味劑,例如餘、木 糖醇、糖精納、甜精、天冬甜素及安赛蜜(咖加小橋 味劑之實例係Magnaswe⑽(MAF⑶之商標)、、泡泡糖續味 劑、及水果味矯味劑、及諸如此類。 防腐劑之實例係山梨酸鉀、對鞠 r 對趣基本甲酸甲酯、對羥基 苯甲酸丙酯、苯甲酸及其鹽、斟 + ,、盟、對翹基苯甲酸之其他酯 如對羥基苯曱酸丁酯)、醇(例如 v π如6醇或本甲酵)、酚系化合 物(例如苯酚)、或四級化合物(例如苯紮氣銨)。 適宜稀釋劑包括醫藥上 纖維素、乳糖、鱗酸氫辦 合物。稀釋劑之實例包 可接文之惰性填充劑,例如微晶 、糖類、及/或上述任一者之混 括微晶纖維素,例如AviceJ® 13927J.doc •20· 200944207 PH101及Avicel® PH102 ;乳糖,例如乳糖單水合物、無水 乳糖、及Pharmat〇see DCL21 ;磷酸氫鈣,例如
Emcompress® ;甘露醇;澱粉;山梨醇;蔗糖;及葡萄 糖。 適且朋解劑包括輕度交聯聚乙烯基^比略咬鋼、玉米殿 粉、馬鈴薯澱粉、玉蜀黍澱粉、及經改質澱粉、交聯羧甲 纖維素鈉、交聯聚維酮、羥基乙酸澱粉鈉、及其混合物。 ❹ ’包騰劑之貫例係成對之泡騰劑(effervescent couple),例 如有機酸與碳酸鹽或碳酸氫鹽。適宜有機酸包括(例如)檸 檬酸、酒石酸、馬來酸、富馬酸、己二酸、琥珀酸、及海 - 藻酸及酸酐及酸式鹽。適宜碳酸鹽及碳酸氫鹽包括(例如) • 奴酸鈉、碳酸氫鈉、碳酸鉀、碳酸氫鉀、碳酸鎂、甘胺酸 石厌酸鈉、L-離胺酸碳酸鹽、及精胺酸碳酸鹽。或者,可僅 存在成對之泡騰劑之碳酸氫鈉組份。 在本發明之另一態樣中,伊馬替尼化合物係呈奈米顆粒 _ 形式存在。奈米顆粒形式的伊馬替尼甲磺酸鹽之非限制性 論述提供於美國公開案第20060275372號中,其全文以引 用方式併入本文中。簡言之,奈米顆粒形式之伊馬替尼甲 嶒酸鹽包括有效平均粒徑小於約2〇〇〇 ηιη之穩定伊馬替尼 曱磺酸鹽粒子。如由光散射法、顯微鏡或其他適當方法所 量/則有效平均粒控較佳小於約1900 nm、小於約1800 nm、小於約17〇〇 nm、小於約16〇〇 nm、小於約15〇〇⑽、 小於約1400 nm、小於約13〇〇 nm、小於約12〇〇 nm、小於 、勺1100 nm、小於約10〇〇 nm、小於約900 run、小於約800 139271.doc •21 · 200944207 ⑽、小於約700 nm、小於約65〇 nm、小於約6〇〇⑽小 於約550 nm、小於約5〇〇細、小於約45〇、小於約4⑽ nm、小於約350 nm、小於約3〇〇 nm、小於約25〇⑽、小 於約200 nm、小於約15〇 nm、小於約1〇〇⑽、小於約乃 nm、或小於約50 nm。該等適於量測有效平均粒徑之方法 已為熟習此項技術者所熟知。 伊馬替尼化合物之奈米粒子亦包含至少一種表面穩定 劑。當活性劑粒子暴露於中性pH環境中而自溶液中沉澱出 時’穩定劑可用於將活性劑粒子穩定於期望粒徑下。 適宜表面穩定劑包括羥丙基甲基纖維素(現在稱作羥丙 甲纖維素)、經丙基纖維素、聚乙稀基„比嘻咬酮、月桂基 硫酸納、&基號拍酸一辛基醋(橫基號姑酸二辛基納)、明 膠、酪蛋白' 卵磷脂(磷脂)、葡聚糖、阿拉伯膠、膽固 醇、黃蓍膠、硬脂酸、苯紮氣銨、硬脂酸鈣、甘油單硬脂 酸酯、錄蟻硬脂醇、錄壞聚乙二醇乳化躐、山梨醇肝酯、 聚氧乙稀院基謎(例如聚乙二醇鍵,例如cet〇macrogol 1000)、聚氧乙烯蓖麻油衍生物、聚氧乙烯山梨醇酐脂肪 酸酯(例如,可購得之Tweens®,例如,Tween® 20及 Tween® 80(ICI Specialty Chemicals))、聚乙二醇(例如 0&1*13〇^^\3© 3 550及934(1;1^〇11€31^(16))、聚氧乙烯硬脂酸 酯、膠態二氧化矽、磷酸鹽、羧甲基纖維素鈣、羧曱基纖 維素鈉、曱基纖維素、羥乙基纖維素、鄰苯二曱酸羥丙曱 纖維素、非結晶纖維素、矽酸鎂鋁、三乙醇胺、聚乙烯醇 (PVA)、4-(1,1,3,3-四曱基丁基)-苯酚與環氧乙烷及甲醛之 139271.doc -22- 200944207
聚合物(亦稱作四丁紛酸·、蘇培龍(superione)及曲利通 (triton))、泊洛沙姆(p〇l〇xamer)(例如,Pluronics® F68及 F108,其係環氧乙烷與環氧丙烷之嵌段共聚物)、保麗視 明(poloxamine)(例如 Tetronic® 908,亦稱作 PoloxamineTM 908,其係由向乙二胺中依序添加環氧丙烷及環氧乙烷得 到之四官能嵌段共聚物(BASF Wyandotte公司, Parsippany 、N.J.)) 、 Tetronic® 1508(T-1508)(BASF
Wyandotte公司)、Tritons® Χ-200(其係烷基芳基聚醚磺酸 鹽(Rohm及Haas))、Crodestas™ F-110(其係蔗糖硬脂酸酯 與蔗糖二硬脂酸酯之混合物(Cr〇da公司))、對異壬基苯氧 . 基聚_(縮水甘油)(亦稱作Olin®-10G或Surfactant™ 10- G(〇lin Chemicals, Stamford, CT))、Crodestas™ SL- 40(Cr〇da ’ 公司)、及 SA9〇HCO(其係 C18H37CH2(CON (CH3)-CH2(CHOH)4(CH2〇H)2(Eastman Kodak公司))、癸酿 基_jV_曱基葡萄糖醯胺、正癸基比喃葡糖普、正癸 φ 基-P_D-d比喃麥芽糖苷、正十二烷基-β-D-吡味葡糖苷、正 十二烷基-β-D-麥芽糖苷、庚醯基项-曱基葡萄糖醯胺 '正 庚基-β-D-吼喃葡糖苷、正庚基_0_1)_硫葡糖苷、正己基 . 吡喃葡糖苷、壬醯基曱基葡萄糖醯胺、正壬基+D_ • 吡喃葡糖苷、辛醯基甲基葡萄糖醯胺、正辛基 喃葡糖苦、辛基-β-D-硫。比°南葡糖脊、peg-鱗脂、PEG-膽 固醇、PEG-膽固醇衍生物、pEG_維他命a、PEG_維他命 E、溶囷酶、乙烯基《比洛咬酮與乙酸乙浠醋之無規共聚 物、及諸如此類。 139271.doc -23- 200944207 有用陽離子型表面穩定劑之實例包括(但不限於)聚合 物'生物聚合物、多糖、纖維質、藻酸鹽、磷脂及非聚合 化合物(例如兩性離子穩定劑)、聚_n_甲基吡啶鑌、氯化慧 基吡啶鏘、陽離子型填脂、殼聚糖、聚離胺酸、聚乙烯基 咪唑、聚凝胺、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯三甲基溴化銨 (PMMTMABr)、己基二苯乙酮基三曱基溴化敍(HDMAB)、 及聚甲基丙烯酸乙烯基吡咯啶酮_2_二甲基胺基乙基酯硫酸 二甲基S旨。 其他有用陽離子型穩定劑包括(但不限於)陽離子型脂 0 質、鎳、鱗及四級銨化合物,例如硬脂基三曱基氣化銨、 苄基-二(2-氯乙基)乙基溴化銨、椰油三甲基氣化銨或椰油 二甲基溴化銨、椰油甲基二羥乙基氣化銨或椰油甲基二羥 乙基溴化銨、癸基三乙基氯化銨、癸基二曱基羥乙基氣化 - 錢或癸基二曱基羥乙基溴化銨、Cl2_15二甲基羥乙基氯化 叙或Cuq5 一甲基經乙基漠化錄、椰油二甲基經乙基氣化 錄或椰油二甲基羥乙基溴化銨、肉豆蔻基三甲基硫酸甲酯 錄、月桂基一曱基苄基氣化敍或月桂基二曱基苄基溴化 ® 銨、月桂基二甲基(乙烯氧基)4氣化銨或月桂基二甲基(乙 烯氧基)4溴化銨、N-烷基(CmO二甲基苄基氣化敍、N-烷 - 基(C!4·!8)二曱基-苄基氣化錢、N-十四烧基二曱基苄基氯 化銨單水合物、二甲基二癸基氣化銨、N_烷基及(Ci2i 4)二 曱基1-萘甲基氣化錄、三甲基_化錄、炫基_三甲基按鹽及 二烧基-二甲基銨鹽、月桂基三甲基氯化銨、乙氧基化烷 基醯胺基烷基二烷基敍鹽及/或乙氧基化三烷基敍鹽、二 139271.doc •24- 200944207 烷基苯二烷基氯化銨、N-二癸基二甲基氣化銨、N-十四烷 基二甲基苄基氯化銨單水合物、N-烷基(C12_14)二甲基1_萘 甲基氯化銨及十二烷基二甲基苄基氣化銨、二烷基苯烷基 氣化銨、月桂基三曱基氯化銨、烷基苄基曱基氯化銨、烷 基苄基二甲基溴化銨、C12、Ci5、C17三甲基溴化銨、十二 烷基苄基三乙基氣化銨、聚-二烯丙基二甲基氣化銨 (DADMAC)、二甲基氣化録、烧基二甲基鹵化銨、三錄犧 ^ 基曱基氯化錄、癸基三曱基溴化錄、十二烧基三乙基溴化 敍、十四烷基三甲基溴化銨、甲基三辛基氯化銨 (ALIQUAT 336TM)、POLYQUAT 10顶、四丁基溴化鍵、节 - 基三甲基溴化銨、膽鹼酯(例如脂肪酸之膽鹼酯)、苯紮氯 敍、司拉氯銨(stearalkonium chloride)化合物(例如硬脂基 二曱基氣化銨及二-硬脂基二曱基氯化銨)、溴化鯨蠟基吡 咬鑌或氣化鯨蠟基。比啶鏘、四級銨化聚氧乙基烷基胺之鹵 化物鹽、MIRAPOLtm及 ALKAQUATTM(Alkaril ❹⑽^公 〇 司)、烷基吡啶鑌鹽;胺,例如烷基胺、二烷基胺、鏈烷 醇胺、聚乙烯聚胺、丙烯酸N,N-二烷基胺基烷基酯;及乙 烯基吡啶;胺鹽,例如月桂基乙酸胺、硬脂基乙酸胺、烷 基吡啶鏽鹽、及烷基咪唑鑌鹽、及胺氧化物;亞醯胺唑鑌 (azolinium)鹽;質子化四級丙烯醯胺;甲基化四級聚合 物,例如聚[二烯丙基二甲基氯化銨]及聚_[氯化N_曱基乙 烯基。比啶鏽];及陽離子型瓜耳膠。 該等實例性陽離子型表面穩定劑及其他有用陽離子型表 面穩疋劑闡述於J. Cross及E. Singer之C扣· 139271.doc •25- 200944207
Analytical and Biological Evaluation (Marcel Dekker (1994)) ; P.及 D. Rubingh(編輯)之 Cai/om.c SMr/aciawii..
Physical Chemistry (Marcel Dekker (1991));及 J· Richmond 之 Cai/cmic Organic Chemistry (Marcel Dekker (1990))中。 非聚合表面穩定劑係任何非聚合化合物,例如苯紮氣 - 銨、碳正離子化合物、鱗化合物、氧鑌化合物、函鑌化合 . 物、陽離子型有機金屬化合物、四級磷化合物、吡啶鏽化 合物、苯胺鏽化合物、銨化合物、羥基銨化合物、一級銨 ❹ 化合物、二級銨化合物、三級銨化合物、及式 NRiHr/M之四級銨化合物。對於式之化合 物: - ⑴H4均不為ch3 ; (11) Ri-R4 中之一係 CH3 ; …1) R3-R4中的三個為CH3 ; (lv)所有 R1-R4均為 CH3 ;
(V) R1-R4 中的兩個為 CH3,Rl-R4 中之一為 c6H5CH2, R! R4中之一為7個碳原子或更少碳原子之烷基鏈; (w) R丨-r4中的兩個為CH3,H令之—為C办⑽, R〗-R4中之—為19個碳原子或更多碳原子之烷基鏈丨 =)R”R4中㈣個為CH3且R1_R4中之一為基 e6H5(CH2)n,其中 η > i ; ::R,-R4中的兩個為CH3,RiR4中之一為⑽⑶ * 4中之一包含至少一個雜原子; 139271.doc -26 - 200944207 (ix) R1-R4中的兩個為CH3,R1-R4中之一為C6H5CH2 ’且 R1-R4中之一包含至少一鹵素; (X) Ri-R4中的兩個為CH3,Ri-IU中之一為C6H5CH2,且 RJ-R4中之一包含至少一個環片段; (xi) Ri-R4中的兩個為CH3且R>i-R>4中之一為苯基環;或 (xii) R1-R4中的兩個為CH3,且R1-R4中的兩個為純脂族 片段。 該等化合物包括(但不限於)山蝓基苄基二甲基氯化銨、 苄索氯銨、氯化鯨蠟基°比啶鑌、山蝓基三甲基氯化銨、勞 拉氯銨(lauralkonium chloride)、西他氯銨(cetalkonium chloride)、西曲漠銨(cetrimonium bromide)、西曲氯銨、 氫氟酸苯基乙胺、氯化氯烯丙基六亞甲基四胺 (Quaternium-15)、二硬脂基二曱基氯化銨(Quaternium-5)、十二炫基二甲基乙基苄基氯化録(Quaternium-14)、 Quaternium-22、Quaternium-26、Quaternium-18 鐘蒙脫 石、二曱胺基乙基氯化物鹽酸鹽、鹽酸半胱胺酸、二乙醇 銨POE (10)油基醚磷酸鹽、二乙醇銨POE (3)油基醚磷酸 鹽、牛脂苄基二曱基氯化銨、二曱基二(十八烷基)膨潤土 錢、司拉氯鍵、漠化度米芬(domiphen bromide)、地那銨 (denatonium)苯甲酸鹽、肉豆蔻基苄基二曱基氯化銨、月 桂基三曱基氯化銨、乙二胺二鹽酸鹽、鹽酸胍、吡哆素 HC 1、鹽酸非他胺(iofetamine)、鹽酸葡曱胺、曱基苄索氯 銨、肉豆蔻基三甲基溴化銨、油基三曱基氣化銨、聚四級 銨-1、鹽酸普魯卡因、椰子甜菜鹼、硬脂基苄基二甲基膨 139271.doc -27- 200944207 潤土銨、硬脂基苄基二甲基鋰蒙脫石銨、二氟化氫硬脂基 三羥乙基丙二胺、牛脂三甲基氯化銨、及十六烷基三曱基 溴化銨。 許多表面穩定劑可購得及/或可藉由業内熟知之技術製 備。舉例而言,參見由American Pharmaceutical Association及 The Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain 聯合 iii 版之 Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipient:s(The Pharmaceutical Press, 2000),其以引用方式明確併入本文 Ο 表面穩定劑可購得及/或可藉由業内熟知之技術製備。 大多數該等表面穩定劑係習知醫藥賦形劑且詳細闡述於由 American Pharmaceutical Association及 The Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain 之 Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients聯合出版(The Pharmaceutical Press, 2000)中, 其以引用方式明確併入本文中 伊馬替尼化合物及表面穩定劑可以任一適宜比率(w/w) 存在於本文所揭示醫藥組合物中。舉例而言,在某些實施 例中,醫藥組合物包括呈以下比率之伊馬替尼甲磺酸鹽組 合物與表面穩定劑:約20:1、15:1、10:1、8:1、7:1、 6:1、5:1、4:1、3:1、2:1 (w/w)、或由該等比率所界定之 任一範圍(例如但不限於約20:1-2:1、約10:1-4:1、及約8:卜 5:1)。 伊馬替尼化合物及一或多種表面穩定劑之相對量可在寬 範圍内變化。個別組份之最佳量可視(例如)所選特定伊馬 139271.doc -28 - 200944207 , · 替尼甲磺酸鹽、穩定劑之親水親油平衡(HLB)、熔點、及 水溶液之表面張力等而定。 以伊馬替尼甲磺酸鹽及至少一種表面穩定劑(不包括其 他賦形劑)之總組合乾重計,伊馬替尼曱磺酸鹽之濃度可 在約99.5重量%至約0.001重量%、約95重量%至約0.1重量 %、或約90重量%至約0.5重量%之間變化。 以伊馬替尼甲磺酸鹽及至少一種表面穩定劑(不包括其 他賦形劑)之總組合乾重計,該至少一種表面穩定劑之濃 〇 度可在約0.5重量°/。至約99.999重量%、約5.0重量%至約 99.9重量%、或約10重量%至約99.5重量%之間變化。 _ 可利用(例如)研磨、均質化、沉澱、致冷、或模板乳液 技術製備奈米顆粒伊馬替尼甲磺酸鹽、或鹽或衍生物、組 合物。製備奈米顆粒活性劑組合物之實例性方法闡述於 '684號專利中。製備奈米顆粒活性劑組合物之方法亦闡述 於以下中:美國專利第5,518,187號之「Method of ❹ Grinding Pharmaceutical Substances」;美國專利第 5,718,388 號之「Continuous Method of Grinding Pharmaceutical Substances」;美國專利第 5,862,999 號之 彆 「Method of Grinding Pharmaceutical Substances」;美國 專利第 5,665,331 號之「Co-Microprecipitation of Nanoparticulate
Pharmaceutical Agents with Crystal Growth Modifiers」; 美國專利第 5,662,883 號之「Co-Microprecipitation of Nanoparticulate Pharmaceutical Agents with Crystal Growth Modifiers」;美國專利第 5,560,932號之「Microprecipitation 139271.doc -29- 200944207 of Nanoparticulate Pharmaceutical Agents」:美國專利第 5,543,133 號之「Process of Preparing X-Ray Contrast Compositions Containing Nanoparticles」;美國專利第 5,534,270 號之「Method of Preparing Stable Drug Nanoparticles」;美國專利第 5,5 10,11 8 號之「Process of Preparing Therapeutic Compositions Containing Nanoparticles」; 及美國專利第 5,470,583 號之「Method of Preparing Nanoparticle Compositions Containing Charged Phospholipids to Reduce Aggregation」,所有該等案件均以引用方式明 確併入本文中。關於製備伊馬替尼化合物之奈米顆粒組合 物之方法的更詳細論述,參見美國專利第20060275372 號。 與伊馬替尼之習用(即,非奈米顆粒)調配物相比,伊馬 替尼化合物之奈米顆粒形式提供多個優點。該等優點包括 (但不限於)由於伊馬替尼之穩定奈米粒子不團聚的事實而 增大之再分散性、改良之藥物動力學性質,其包括增大之 CmaX(最大血漿濃度)、增大之AUC(曲線下面積)、及減小 之 Tmax。 此外,將奈米顆粒伊馬替尼化合物調配物投與給處於禁 食狀態之個體生物等效於將該組合物投與給處於進食狀態 之個體。 另外,本發明之組合物可視情況包含至少第二活性成 份,其可視情況呈奈米顆粒形式存在。一般而言,第二活 性成份將加強伊馬替尼之抗癌作用及/或最小化伊馬替尼 139271.doc •30- 200944207 化合物之副作用。因此,在不同實例性實施例中,適用作 至少第二活性成份之化合物包括止吐化合物、止瀉化合 物、及h2拮抗劑。 應注意,由於Gleevec®錠劑之包衣包含氧化鐵,故存在 , 某些治療方案可在患者中造成鐵過載之問題。舉例而言,
Gleevec®之官方網站(http://www.g丨eevec.com)忠告若患者 正在服用或計劃服用鐵補充物時應告知其醫生。此外,該 ❹ 網站揭示每日攝取800 mg(或更多)之患者應服用兩月400 mg錠劑以降低其鐵暴露。因此,本發明之另一實施例提供 具有800 mg伊馬替尼等效物及無毒量鐵的組合物。 - 儘管本文已參照具體實施例闡述本發明,但應瞭解該等 貫施例僅闡釋本發明之原理及應用。因此,應瞭解,可對 闡釋性實施例做出許多改變並可設計其他佈置,且不背離 以下申請專利範圍所界定之本發明之精神及範疇。 本說明書中所引用所有出版物(專利出版物及非專利出 ❷ 版物)表不彼等熟習此項技術者對本發明相關内容之熟習 程度。所有該等出版物均以引用方式完全併入本文中,其 併入程度如同每一個別出版物以指定的具體及個別方式併 * 入本文中一般。 此外,除非指出相反之情形,否則在為實施例提供各種 數值的情況下’藉由採用任2個不同值作為範圍之端點來 闡述額外實施例。該等範圍亦屬於所述本發明之範田壽。 139271.doc -31 -
Claims (1)
- 200944207 七、申請專利範圍: 1. 一種投與給個體之口服調配物,其包含 a) 伊馬替尼(imatinib)化合物;及 b) 腸溶基質或腸溶包衣或其組合; 藉此至少80%之該伊馬替尼化合物在該個體之小腸内 釋放。 2. 如請求項1之調配物,其中該伊馬替尼化合物係伊馬替 尼曱磺酸鹽。 3. 如請求項1或2之調配物,其中該腸溶包衣係選自乙酸鄰 苯二甲酸纖維素、乙酸偏苯三酸纖維素、鄰苯二甲酸羥 丙基甲基纖維素、聚乙酸乙烯酯鄰苯二曱酸酯、曱基丙 烯酸銨共聚物、聚丙烯酸及聚丙烯酸酯及曱基丙烯酸酯 共聚物、聚乙烯乙縮醛二乙基胺基乙酸酯、乙酸琥珀酸 羥丙基曱基纖維素、蟲膠、水凝膠及凝膠形成材料、羧 乙烯基聚合物、藻酸鈉、羧甲基纖維素鈉、羧甲基纖維 素鈣、羧甲基澱粉鈉、聚乙烯醇、羥乙基纖維素、曱基 纖維素、明膠、澱粉、羥丙基纖維素、羥丙基曱基纖維 素、聚乙烯基吡咯啶酮、交聯澱粉、微晶纖維素、.殼多 糖、胺基丙烯醯基-曱基丙烯酸酯共聚物、褐藻素 (pullulan)、膠原、路蛋白、瓊脂、阿拉伯樹膠、叛甲基 纖維素鈉、(可溶脹親水性聚合物)聚(曱基丙烯酸羥基烷 基酯)(分子量為約5 k-5,000 k)、聚乙烯基吡咯啶酮(分子 量為約1〇 k-360 k)、陰離子型及陽離子型水凝膠、具有 低乙酸酯殘留物之聚乙烯醇、瓊脂與羧甲基纖維素之可 139271.doc 200944207 溶脹混合物、馬來酸酐與苯乙烯'乙烯、丙烯或異丁烯 之共聚物、果膠(分子量為約30 k-300 k)、瓊脂、阿拉伯 膠、梧桐膠、黃蓍膠、藻膠及瓜耳膠、聚丙烯醯胺、 POLYOX®、聚環氧乙烧(分子量為約1〇〇 k-5,〇〇〇 k)、 AQUAKEEP®丙稀酸酯聚合物、聚葡萄糖之二酯、交聯 聚乙烯醇及聚N-乙烯基-2-吡咯啶酮、羥基乙酸澱粉鈉、 多糖、曱基纖維素、羧甲基纖維素鈉或羧曱基纖維素 鈣、羥丙基曱基纖維素、羥丙基纖維素、羥乙基纖維 素、硝基纖維素、羧甲基纖維素、纖維素醚、聚環氧乙 烷、曱基乙基纖維素、乙基羥乙基纖維素、乙酸纖維 素、丁酸纖維素、丙酸纖維素、明膠、膠原、澱粉、麥 芽糊精、褐藻素、聚乙烯基吡咯啶酮、聚乙烯醇、聚乙 酸乙烯酯、甘油脂肪酸酯、聚丙烯醯胺、聚丙烯酸、曱 基丙稀酸或甲基丙稀酸之共聚物、山梨醇酐酯、天然樹 膠、印鱗脂、果膠、蒸酸鹽、藻酸錢、藻酸納、藻酸 約、藻酸卸、丙二醇藻酸醋、緩脂、阿拉伯膠、梧桐 膠、刺槐豆膠、黃蓍膠、角叉菜膠、瓜耳膠、黃原膠、 硬葡聚糖及其混合物及摻合物及其任一組合。 4. 如凊求項1之調配物,藉此至少85%之該伊馬替尼化合物 在該個體之小腸内釋放。 5. 如請求項4之調配物,藉此至少90%之該伊馬替尼化合物 在該個體之小腸内釋放。 6. 如請求項5之調配物,藉此至少95%之該伊馬替尼化合物 在該個體之小腸内釋放。 139271.doc 200944207 \ 7. 如請求項6之調配物,藉此至少99%之該伊馬替尼化合物 在該個體之小腸内釋放。 8. 如請求項1之調配物,其中該伊馬替尼化合物之至少一 部分係呈奈米顆粒形式,且其中該伊馬替尼化合物之奈 米粒子進一步包含至少一種表面穩定劑。 礞 , 9.如請求項8之調配物,其中該至少一種表面穩定劑係選 自由以下组成之群:氯化鯨蟻基吡咬鑌、明膠、酪蛋 眷 白、磷脂、葡聚糖、甘油、阿拉伯膠、膽固醇、黃蓍 膠、硬脂酸 '苯紮氯銨(benzalkonium Chl0ride)、硬脂酸 鈣、甘油單硬脂酸酯、鯨蠟硬脂醇、鯨蠟聚乙二醇乳化 . 躐(cetomacr〇g〇1 emulsifying wax)、山梨醇酐 g旨、聚氧乙 烯炫基醚、聚氧乙稀蓖麻油衍生物、聚氧乙稀山梨醇肝 脂肪酸酯、聚乙二醇、十二烷基三甲基溴化銨、聚氧乙 烯硬脂酸酯、膠態二氧化矽、磷酸鹽、十二烷基硫酸 鈉、羧曱基纖維素鈣、羥丙基纖維素、羥丙甲纖維素、 φ 羧甲基纖維素鈉、曱基纖維素、羥乙基纖維素、鄰笨二 甲酸羥丙甲纖維素、非結晶纖維素、矽酸鎂鋁、三乙醇 胺、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯基吡咯啶酮、四曱基 ' 丁基)_苯盼與環氧乙烷及曱醛之聚合物、泊洛沙姆 • (P〇l〇xamer)、保麗視明(poloxamine)、帶電荷的填脂、 磺基琥珀酸二辛基酯、琥珀酸二烷基酯磺酸鈉、月桂基 硫酸納、烧基芳基聚醚磺酸鹽、蔗糖硬脂酸酯與蔗糖二 硬脂酸酯之混合物、對異壬基苯氧基聚_(縮水甘油)、癸 醯基甲基葡萄糖醯胺;正癸基_p_D_吡喃葡糖苷;正 139271.doc 200944207 癸基-β-D-吡喃麥芽糖苷;正十二烷基-p_D_吡喃葡糖 _ ;正十二烷基-β-D-麥芽糖苷;庚醯基-ΛΓ-甲基葡萄糖 醯胺;正庚基-β-D-吡喃葡糖苷;正庚基-β-D-硫葡糖 苷’正己基- β-D-0比喘葡糖苦;壬醯基甲基葡萄糖醯 胺;正壬基-β-D-吡喃葡糖苷;辛醯基甲基葡萄糖醯 胺’正辛基-β-D- °比喃葡糖普;辛基-β-D-硫〇比喃葡糖 苷;溶菌酶、PEG-磷脂、PEG-膽固醇、pEG_膽固醇衍 生物、PEG-維他命A、PEG-維他命E、乙酸乙烯醋與乙 稀基D比咯啶酮之無規共聚物、陽離子型聚合物、陽離子 型生物1合物、知離子型多糖、陽離子型纖維質 '陽離 子型藻酸鹽、陽離子型非聚合化合物、陽離子型鱗脂、 陽離子型脂質 '聚甲基丙烯酸曱酯三曱基溴化銨、錡化 合物、聚曱基丙烯酸乙烯基吡咯啶酮_2-二甲基胺基乙基 西旨硫酸二甲基酯、十六烷基三甲基溴化銨、鱗化合物、 四級銨化合物、苄基-二(2-氯乙基)乙基溴化銨、椰油三 甲基氣化銨、椰油三甲基溴化銨、椰油甲基二羥乙基氯 化銨、揶油甲基二羥乙基溴化銨、癸基三乙基氯化銨、 癸基二甲基羥乙基氣化銨、癸基二甲基羥乙基溴化銨、 Cl2·15二甲基羥乙基氣化銨、C^5二甲基羥乙基溴化 銨、椰油二甲基羥乙基氣化銨、椰油二甲基羥乙基溴化 錢、肉豆蔻基二曱基硫酸甲酯錢、月桂基二曱基苄基氯 化銨、月桂基二曱基苄基溴化銨、月桂基二曱基(乙烯氧 基)4氯化敍月桂基二甲基(乙稀氧基)4溴化錄、N-烧基 (Cl2·18)二曱基苄基氣化銨、N-烷基(C12-14)二曱基-苄基 139271.doc 200944207 氯化銨、N-十四烷基二甲基苄基氣化銨單水合物、二曱 基二癸基氣化銨、N-烷基及(C12-14)二甲基卜萘甲基氯化 銨、三曱基_化銨、烷基·三甲基銨鹽 '二烷基_二曱基 錢鹽、月桂基三曱基氯化銨、乙氧基化烷基醯胺基烷基 二烧基銨鹽、乙氧基化三烷基銨鹽、二烷基苯二烷基氣 化錢、N-二癸基二曱基氯化銨、N_十四烷基二甲基苄基 氯化錢單水合物、N-烷基(C12-14)二甲基1-萘曱基氣化 錄、十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化銨、二烷基苯烷基氯化 錄、月桂基三曱基氯化銨' 烷基节基甲基氯化銨、烷基 节基二曱基溴化銨、Cl2三曱基溴化銨、Cl5三曱基溴化 銨、Cn三曱基溴化銨、十二烷基苄基三乙基氯化銨、 聚-二烯丙基二曱基氣化銨、二曱基氯化銨、烷基二甲基 _化錄、三鯨蠟基曱基氣化銨、癸基三曱基溴化銨、十 二烧基三乙基溴化銨、十四烷基三甲基溴化銨、曱基三 辛基氣化銨、四丁基溴化銨、苄基三曱基溴化銨、膽鹼 西曰、本紮乱錄、司拉氣敍(stearalkonium chloride)化合 物、漠化鯨蠟基吡啶鑌、氣化鯨蠟基吡啶鑌、四級銨化 聚氧乙基烷基胺之齒化物鹽、烷基吡啶鑌鹽;胺、胺 鹽、胺乳化物、亞酿胺n坐錄(az〇linium)鹽、質子化四級 丙烯酿胺、曱基化四級聚合物、及陽離子型瓜耳膠。 10.如請求項8之調配物,其中該等奈米粒子具有小於約 2000 nm之平均直徑。 11 ·如請求項1之調配物,其包含含有伊馬替尼化合物之粒 子的第一群體及至少一個含有第二活性成份之粒子的後 139271.doc 200944207 續群體’其中4含有至少第二活性成份之粒子的後續群 體進步包含修飾釋放之包衣或者另外包含修飾釋放之 基質材料,以便該伊馬替尼化合物及至少該第二活性成 份在預定時間間隔内達到其相應峰值血漿濃度。 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 如請求項11之調ge*物’其中至少該第二活性成份並非該 伊馬替尼化合物。 如請求項12之調配物,其中至少該第二活性成份係選自 止吐化合物、止瀉化合物、及出拮抗劑。 如請求項11之調配物,其中該第一及該後續粒子群體成 員之每—者均具有小於約2000 nm的直徑。 如請求項1之調配物,其中該伊馬替尼化合物係以相當 於至少約400 mg伊馬替尼之量存在。 如請求項15之調配物,其中該伊馬替尼化合物係以相當 於至少約600 mg伊馬替尼之量存在。 如請求項16之調配物,其中該伊馬替尼化合物係以相當 於至少約800 mg伊馬替尼之量存在。 如請求項1之調配物,其進一步包含無毒量之鐵。 一種如請求項1之調配物的用途,其用於製造治療患有 適於伊馬替尼療法之疾病之個體的藥劑。 如請求項19之用途’其中該調配物之單一日劑量包含相 當於約800 mg伊馬替尼之量的該伊馬替尼化合物。 139271.doc 200944207 四、指定代表圖: (一) 本案指定代表圖為:(無) (二) 本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明: 五、本案若有化學式時,請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式:139271.doc
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-
2009
- 2009-03-17 MX MX2010009848A patent/MX2010009848A/es unknown
- 2009-03-17 KR KR1020107019413A patent/KR20110007095A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-03-17 JP JP2011500895A patent/JP2011520779A/ja active Pending
- 2009-03-17 AU AU2009225719A patent/AU2009225719A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-03-17 CA CA2715422A patent/CA2715422A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-03-17 EP EP09721726A patent/EP2268265A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-03-17 WO PCT/US2009/037379 patent/WO2009117401A2/en active Application Filing
- 2009-03-19 US US12/407,684 patent/US20120003319A9/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-03-20 TW TW098109234A patent/TW200944207A/zh unknown
-
2010
- 2010-08-03 ZA ZA2010/05530A patent/ZA201005530B/en unknown
- 2010-09-15 IL IL208176A patent/IL208176A0/en unknown
- 2010-10-19 NO NO20101468A patent/NO20101468L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20110007095A (ko) | 2011-01-21 |
US20120003319A9 (en) | 2012-01-05 |
CA2715422A1 (en) | 2009-09-24 |
EP2268265A2 (en) | 2011-01-05 |
ZA201005530B (en) | 2011-10-26 |
NO20101468L (no) | 2010-10-19 |
AU2009225719A1 (en) | 2009-09-24 |
IL208176A0 (en) | 2010-12-30 |
MX2010009848A (es) | 2010-09-30 |
WO2009117401A8 (en) | 2009-12-10 |
US20090238884A1 (en) | 2009-09-24 |
WO2009117401A3 (en) | 2011-10-27 |
WO2009117401A2 (en) | 2009-09-24 |
JP2011520779A (ja) | 2011-07-21 |
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