SU528882A3 - Полимерна композици - Google Patents

Полимерна композици

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Publication number
SU528882A3
SU528882A3 SU2056881A SU2056881A SU528882A3 SU 528882 A3 SU528882 A3 SU 528882A3 SU 2056881 A SU2056881 A SU 2056881A SU 2056881 A SU2056881 A SU 2056881A SU 528882 A3 SU528882 A3 SU 528882A3
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SU
USSR - Soviet Union
Prior art keywords
polyurethane
coagulation
polymer composition
composition
microporous
Prior art date
Application number
SU2056881A
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English (en)
Inventor
Райшль Артур
Original Assignee
Байер Аг (Фирма)
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Publication date
Application filed by Байер Аг (Фирма) filed Critical Байер Аг (Фирма)
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Publication of SU528882A3 publication Critical patent/SU528882A3/ru

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Description

(54) ПОЛИМЕРНАЯ КОМПОЗИЦИЯ
Изобретение относитс  к промышленности пластмасс, например к разработке полимерной композиции ДЛЯ производства микропористых материалов коагул ционным методом.
Известна полимерна  композици  дл  получени  микропористых материалов коагул ционным методом, содержаща  эластомерный полиуретан и гигроскопичный растворитель 1.
Известны также приемы коагул ции полиуретановых растворов выдержкой в атмосфере влажного воздуха 2 или добавлением в раствор полиуретана нерастворител . Полученные пористые материалы с использованием известной композиции и известных приемов коагул ции характеризуютс  неудовлетворительной паропроницаемостью.
С целью повышени  паропроницаемости пористых полиуретановых материалов, полученных коагул ционным способом, предлагают дополнительно вводить в известную композицию полисилоксануретан со структурным элементом формулы
в котором , предпочтительно 5-100;
Z-С -Сб-алкильные, Сд-С15-арильные; силоксильные или силоксанильные остатки ИЛИ-R-Y-С-N ; II О R - алкиленовый остаток;
YNH-, -О- ИЛИ -S-,
при соотношении компонентов, вес. ч.: Эластомерный полиуретан 100 Полисилоксануретан указанной выше формулы 0,5-50 Гигроскопичный растворитель200-2000
Содержание силоксановых групп в полисилоксануретане составл ет 0,1-20 вес. %.
Использземые согласно изобретению эластомерные полиуретаны и полисилоксануретаны получают известным способом. В композицию может быть введена ионна  дисперси  полиуретана в количестве 0,5-25 вес. ч. на эластомерный полиуретан.
дубители, карбоксиметилцеллюлозу, полиалкил- (мет)-акрилаты, эмульгаторы, оптические отбеливатели, антиокислители, специальные светозащитные средства, как N,N-диaлкилгидразиды , действующие сшивающим образом субстанции, такие как параформальдегид, меламингексаметилолэфир или другие производные формальдегида, полиизоцианаты, красители - целесообразно нерастворимые пигменты и другие целевые добавки.
Дополнительное вли ние па коагул цию растворов полиуретана можно оказывать добавлением осаднтелей, предпочтительно воды, к способным к коагул ции нолиуретановым системам. Максимально возможным количеством осадител   вл етс  то, при котором полиуретап начинает выпадать. Воду можно вводить в систему одновременным применением ионных дисперсий полиуретана. Осадитель добавл ют не в чистом виде, а в смеси с растворителем , нанример в виде смеси диметилформамид/вода . Общее содержание осадителей в коагулируемой смеем не должно превышать приблизительно 9 вес. %, предпочтительно 6 вес. % от веса смеси.
Применение добавочных средств имеет то большое преимущество, что можно отказатьс  от точной дозировки количества осадител , например, при предварительной желатинизации на подвижной основе посредством вод ного пара, как это было необходимо при известных способах. Состав коагул циоиной ванны также имеет лишь второстепенное значение . Так продукты с отличными качествами получаютс  и тогда, когда растворы полиуретанов коагулируютс  с регул торами коагул ции непосредственно в воде без добавлени  осадителей.
Дл  непрерывного получени  микропористых подложек нанос т, например, кистью, скребком или наливают раствор полимера, содержащий полиуретановые иолисилоксаиы либо смесь раствора полиуретана и ионной дисперсии полиуретана, па пористый или непористый субстрат, пропускают нанесенный слой в конкретном случае через камеру обработки в атмосфере вод ного пара, причем наступает желатинизаци  до образовани  пленки, а затем провод т материал через коагул ционную и промывную ванны, а также ванну донолнительной обработки, из которых последн   может быть спиртовой ванной. Непосредственно вслед за тем микропориста  подложка высушиваетс . Толщина нанесенного сло  соответствует желательной конечной толщине микропористой подложки. При нормальных услови х оказываютс  достаточными толщины слоев нанесенных полиуретановых смесей 0,5- 1,5 мм. Если субстрат должен непосредственно покрыватьс  слоем полиуретановой массы, он соответственно выбираетс . В качестве пористых субстратов можно назвать, например, ткани, трикотаж, ваточные холсты или разные виды войлока (фетра). Однако микропористую св зь со смес ми растворов полимеров могут иметь также спутанные ватки.
Непористый субстрат, например стекл нна  пластина, металлическа  лента (в конкретно.м 5 случае со структурированной поверхностью) или полотно ткани, нокрытое слоем синтетических материалов, например перфорполиэтилена , примен етс  тогда, когда желательно получить пористые полиуретановые пленки,
0 которые нужно реверсивным способом снимать и иереносить, например наклеивать на другие субстраты. Пригодными субстратами  вл ютс , например, дерево, лакированна  кожа , картон, бумаги, либо тканые или нетка5 ные текстильные подложки.
Примеры 1-9. Получение микропористых пленок и покрытий.
Нагретый до 50-SO C раствор нолиуретана (полиуретановой мочевины) с в зкостью
0 22%-ного раствора при 25°С 10,000-30,000 си нримещивают норци ми к полиуретановому полисилоксану (полиуретановой полисилоксановой мочевине) до однородного состо ни . В копкретиом случае одновременно ввод т ка5 тионоактивную, свободную от силоксана дисперсию пли анионоактивный дубитель таннгап (фенолфорлтальдегпдна  смола). До коагул ции указанный выше состав дегазируют под вакуумом, пока вмешанный воздух не будет
0 совершенно удален.
Свободный от нузырей состав нанос т на подвижную стальную леиту шириной 2 м, распредел   скребком на ширину 190 см и толщину около 1,5 мм. Затем покрытие пропускают через зону предварительной желатинизации , где оно подвергаетс  воздействию влажного воздуха (30-70%-ной влажности воздуха при 45-90°С). После этого стальную ленту ввод т в вод ную ванну дл  окончательной
0 коагул ции пленки. Пленку промывают и высушивают в зоне нагрева при температуре около 100°С. Состав коагул ции и свойства полученных из него пористых материалов представлены в табл. 1 и 2.
В примере 9 в качестве подложки использован текстильный субстрат. Скоагулированные пленки или текстильные иокрыти  имеют толщину 0,33 ± 0,03 мм. Обозначенные зна0 ком примеры следует рассматривать, как сравнительные примеры. Количественные данные означают весовые части, отнесенные к весу твердого вещества композиции. Из примеров  сно видно, что при коагул ции без добавок согласно данному изобретению могут получатьс  совершепно различные продукты, если при прочих равных услови х иснользуютс  различные партии одного и того же нолиуретана.
0 Явл ющиес  помехой поперечные полосы, вызываемые поверхностными эффектами на границе эластомерного раствора - коагул ционной жидкости, при применении регул торов коагул ции по данному изобретению не
5 возникают.
Z - GI-Сз-алкильные, Ca-С15-арильные, силоксильные или силоксанильные остатки
-R-Y-С-N ;
или груииа
О
К - алкиленовый остаток;
УNH-, -О- или -S-,
и компоненты вз ты в следуюш,ем соотношекии , вес. ч.:
Эластомерный иолиуретан 100
Составитель Б. Холоденко
Техред Е. Подурушина
Редактор Л. Новожилова
Заказ 2541/2Изд. № 1815Тираж 630Подписное
ЦНИИПИ Государственного комитета Совета Министров СССР
по делам изобретений и открытий 113035, Москва, Ж-35, Раушска  наб., д. 4/5
Типографи , пр. Сапунова, 2
Полисилоксануретан указанной выше формулы 0,5-50 Гигроскопичный растворитель200-2000 Источники информации, прин тые во внимание при экспертизе:
1.Выложенна  за вка ФРГ № 1769277, 39 У 41/00, 1972 г. - прототип.
2.Патент ФРГ № 1110607, 8i 2/00, 1962
3.Выложенна  за вка ФРГ 1444163, 8/ 2/00, 1970.
Корректор 3. Тарасова
Таблица 1
Таблица 2
SU2056881A 1973-09-07 1974-09-03 Полимерна композици SU528882A3 (ru)

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HU170372B (ru) 1977-06-28
US4137360A (en) 1979-01-30
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GB1479344A (en) 1977-07-13
JPS598295B2 (ja) 1984-02-23
CS178826B2 (en) 1977-10-31
LU70860A1 (ru) 1975-05-28
BE819589A (fr) 1975-03-05
DE2345257C2 (de) 1975-09-18
NL7411750A (nl) 1975-03-11
CA1056565A (en) 1979-06-19
FR2243224A1 (ru) 1975-04-04
PL98032B1 (pl) 1978-04-29
FR2243224B1 (ru) 1979-01-05
JPS5051568A (ru) 1975-05-08
DD115147A5 (ru) 1975-09-12
DK472174A (ru) 1975-05-05
RO70252A (ro) 1982-05-10
ES429815A1 (es) 1976-09-01

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