SU1604210A1 - Root and tuber crop separator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to the agricultural machinery industry, to the working bodies of the root-harvesting machines and lines for post-harvest crop processing. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of cleaning tubers. The separator of the root-and-harvesting machine contains a separating elevator 1, shrinking screws 4, a compacter 5, a topper-removing rare-screw conveyor 6, a separating bar conveyor 7 and a transverse conveyor 8, a tuber-separating rod 11 and receiving plates 12, rolls of a grate 13. a paste, a tuber-breaker bar 11 and receiving plates 12, rolls of a grate 13. a paste, a tuber-breaking bar 11 and receiving plates 12, rolls of a grate 13. a paste, a tuber-tear bar 11 and feed plates 12, rolls of a grate 13. a layer, an extractor bar 11 and an accessory disk 12, rolls of a grate, a layer, an elongator 8, a tuber-breaker bar 11 and receiving plates 12, rolls of a grate 13. a paste, a tuber-breaker bar 11 and receiving plates 12, rolls of a grating 13. mounted above the flow-separating elevator 1 between the flow-constricting screws 3 and the additional screw 4, with the tapes of the separating elevator 1 and the elastic cumulator 5 installed with the formation of acute angles between them in the zone of entry of the cleaned root and tubular mass under the composer and in the zone of its exit, and the working part of the ribbon of the room 5 is equipped with elastic corrugations, wavy fixed on the surface of the tape along the root and tubular mass. At the front of the elevator, an additional screw 4 removes a significant part of the shallow soil, and the separated mass is divided into two streams, captured by the compass 5. At the time of passage between the elevator 1 and the compacter 5, the tubers and lumps of earth are compressed and rotated, which contributes to the destruction lumps and cleaning the tubers from the soil. 1 hp ff, 3 ill.

Description

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The invention relates to the agricultural machinery of the machine-building industry, and, in particular, to the working bodies of the root-harvesting machines and the post harvest harvest.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of cleaning of tubers.

 Fig. 1 shows a separator for a harvesting machine; fig 2 is the same. in Fig „3 - an elastated coa: an oppressor with an elastic balloon, side view„

The separator of the harvesting machine in the course of the technological operations is completed. It separates the separating elevator 1, having a slide formed with the help of nut stars or polozok 2, over which between the narrowing tray augers 3 and the additional screw 4 with right-left-handed wrap there is an elastic cofounder 5; Look for a rare conveyor conveyor 6 a separating rod conveyor 7 and a cross conveyor 8. A boom-removing conveyor 6 is equipped with a bot- tal combs 9. Rubber cut 9 child bent and affixed at an angle to botvoudal yusche- mu conveyor 6. The distance between the teeth of the combs 9 larger than the maximum of tubers with Botvoudal yuschy conveyor is also provided with narrow strips

The flexible tape 10 forming the rectangular windows with the conveyor rods 6 The separating conveyor 7 using varying sprockets or sagging has a varying angle of inclination with respect to the surface of the earth at the outlet of the tubers.

To remove tubers that are not torn from the tops, the separator has a tuber-tear-off bar 11 and stand-up disks 12 o which are located in the spaces between the teeth of the combs 95 in each run or several times. To reduce the height of the fall of the Tuber, skewer grids 13 o Ela are used. 5 is made in the form of a conveyor belt and is an elastic belt, tensioned on two shafts, or a conveyor belt on two shafts with spring tension. To increase the efficiency of the device and increase the elasticity of the device. The lid of the com- pressor 5 its working part is equipped with elastic corrugations

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with the outer joints of the tape surface along the lobe of the eupatus ru-th mass with a strip of corrugation can Gu.Ti, filled with compressed G; o3DUHOM;

Evil ..; tkchu;: s; : ks: .t: .od. :: g-tel 5 installed 1; building 1.Ol; tko1ch ..- -1 elevator: with obrakoBankem acute angles

taped commedia. 5 and 1, i.e. in the zone of ar rubma mass under the lumpy 5 and in the zone e .: exit. Angle :: a.o./ gleams smooth

and b mele, near the field; - it is the entrance:.:,. crushes; -. :: ;;, and in zo: -a capture cf-: kodavite.i mirovakis

with pasiic;

pressures. Angle b,

. masses tape com- prevents trav .. ;; rem them capture those; tapes lumpy. yy.- :; ; j.ieBa.Topa 1, lg; g C departed

masses from - noii. ksmd.ogg.aoits; rq 5 yr, non-rotates BbiOpoc Kj.ycuen and their rpciB r)) ::; spreading skoristy. Compensator 5 and elevator webs 1. In FIG. 1, the corners a and b are formed by a hill of separating elevator 1 ; In this case, the angle of inclination of the front part of the hill must ensure that the compacted soil is squeezed out by the compass tape 5 and the angle of inclination of the back part of the hill prevents the tubers from rolling towards the additional screw 4, Fig. 3, the acute angles a and b form - with a band of 5; It is tensioned on three shafts and an elastic cylinder 14. At the same time, the separation elevator 1 does not have a slide and should be installed an elastic ecan (as is known) to prevent the tubers from rolling down to the additional screw 4.

The separator of the harvesting machine works as follows.

At the root-harvesting machine, the mass (raised by the vykupyuyuschimi organs) enters on 11th the sewage separator 1. The front Hs of the pilot unit using the optional iiiHBKa 4 with right-left winding removes a significant portion of the shallow soil, and the separated i.acca is divided into two streams. Each flow is captured resiliently; -, by the lump 5, the speed of movement of the ribbon of lacquer 5 is greater than the speed of movement of the web of the transporting separator Elevator 1, in order to avoid twisting of the separated mass and trauma of the tubers of the speed of two lash of the ribbon of komodavavitel 3 and of the fabric

The driver 1 should be commensurate enough, and the speed difference depends on the state of the soil and the length of the flat top of the hill of the separating elevator 1 o.

The distance 1 (fig.Z) between the komodavavit tape 5 and the canvas of the elevator 1 at the moment of seizure of the separated mass is greater than the maximum clod of earth, which eliminates soil swabbing before the komkavavitel. At the time of passage between the two conveyors, the separation elevator 1 and the clod 5, tubers and lumps of earth undergo compression while turning them at the same time. As a result, it is easier to destroy soil lumps and clean the tubers from the soil. Due to the difference in the adhesion of tubers and tops with an elevator and cofibrator, the tubers are separated from the branches. The wavy-corrugated working surface of the coffer tape gives the tubers and lumps of earth a transverse movement, turns the tubers better and breaks the lumps of earth easier. The transverse movement of the tubers and lumps of the earth prevents their pushing, i.e., injury to the tubers by large lumps of the thorns of the velocity difference between the komodavitel tape 5 and the elevator belt 1.

By slipping the tape of the com- pressor 5 relative to the web of the feeding-separating elevator 1 edx, the overmoistened soil is selectively crushed, which is especially important in connection with the autumn harvest period. In this way, the elastic composer 5 crushes large clumps of soil to the stage of their processing by constricting screws 3. The crushed and divided separable mass contacts the flow constricting screws 3, which crush clumps of soil of small diameter — to the stage of removal 5. which causes - intensive removal the soil through the rods of the supplying and separating elevator 1 and the separating conveyor 7, then the total flow of the root mass of the mass formed by the constricting augers 3 is combed by the rubberized teeth (or - falls on the tooth) b take away the hawks 9. The plant is grasped by the teeth of the combs 9, fed to the rare-toothed boom topper, a natural conveyor 6. The forward part of the hill of the topper-removing conveyor

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10 .6 serves to catch the falling tops with the teeth of the bobbing combs 9c. In the front part of the hill, the separation of the tops of the tops and partially captured tubers i.e. tuber removal with tops is prevented. The rear part of the hill of the topper-removing conveyor 6 serves to evenly distribute the tops of the tops as they approach the topsuppressing discs 12, as well as to drop the tubers into rectangular windows. The narrow strips of the flexible tape 10 keep the tops from falling out of the bar 5 of the topper-removing conveyor 6,

Cleared of significant ground mass and 6oTtji tubers fall onto a bar separator 7, which has a varying angle of inclination with respect to the surface of the ground to quench the speed of the tubers and form a small load on their output. The movement of the cloth bar separating conveyor 7 counter rolling tubers. Unloading the tubers leads to turning the 1-GH, ie, additional cleaning them from the soil. Small clumps of earth, commensurate with the gaps between the nl piling, separating conveyor 7, and not passing through these projectiles, are pushed into them by a heap of tubers, i.e. increases the intensity of the removal of small lumps of earth. Cleared - Hbie tubers fall on the cross conveyor 8.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula one . The separator of a 1-box harvester, containing a separable skinny elevator, above which a size is reduced, the flow of augers is narrowed down with right and left windings respectively and installed in front of the head; along with complete cutting screws across the whole and C1-1, it is transparent; left-sided winding, elastic lumpster, distinguished by the fact that, in order to improve the quality of cleaning of tubers, the elastic lumpstock is made in the form of symmetrically longitudinal along the edges of the separation elevator | the axes between the flux-constricting screws and the additional belt conveyor cheek, with the elevator and 71604210. 8 Each switch is installed with c2. Seth; arator according to claim 1, about tl and the possibility of the formation between the ribbon and the fact that the tape of lumps of entry and exit zones is acute. The press is made corrugated. corners, G 4 b moreover, the corrugations are located along the direction of movement. P 5 of FIG. g Phage