JPH01312915A - Device for treating soil clod of potato harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable pulverization of wet soil clods and separation from potatoes by providing a soil clod treating device under an outlet of a rotary bucket conveyor. CONSTITUTION:Dug up potatoes (P), stones (S) and soil clods (R) of a harvester are discharged from an outlet 22 of a rotary bucket conveyor 13 onto a soil clod treating device 30. Potatoes (P) having smooth surfaces and stones (S) are hardly bit by helical rolls and smooth rolls mutually rotating in the opposite directions, sent by the helical rolls and transferred to a grader. The soil clods (R) are bit by the helical rolls and smooth rolls, pulverized into fine particles and dropped onto the ground surface. The stones are bit by the helical rolls and smooth rolls depending on the shape thereof. Although a hydraulic motor for driving the helical rolls and smooth rolls is overloaded, the hydraulic motor is reversely rotated for a prescribed time by a control circuit to discharge the bitten stones. The soil clods are pulverized and only the potatoes (P) and stones (S) are fed to the first grading rolls 18 of the grader to separate the stones. Thereby, only the potatoes reach the top of the final grading conveyor.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a clod treatment device for a harvester that harvests potatoes grown in wet or sticky soil.

[Prior Art] As shown in Figure 5, the potato harvester has a digging blade! 1, the potatoes are dug up together with stems, leaves, stones, and clods of soil, and the dug up items are transported as they are from the lower end to the upper end of the first conveyor 12. There, the lifted items are dropped into the entrance of the rotary bucket conveyor 13, but the stems and leaves are caught by the stems and leaves conveyor 14 during the fall and are separated. Potatoes and soil clods are rotated upward by a rotary bucket conveyor 13 and are discharged from an outlet 22 to a cross-feeding conveyor 15, which serves as a kind of soil clod processing device. The potatoes and large stones are sent to the first sorting roll 18 by the brush roll 16 of the lateral conveyor 15, and the soil clods are crushed into small pieces and pass under the brush roll 16 together with the pebbles and fall onto the soil and stone conveyor.

In the first sorting roll 18, stones with high specific gravity fall down and are separated. The potatoes are then transferred to the first sorting conveyor 19 and are sorted by four people until only the potatoes are left. Next, the potatoes are placed on the second sorting roll 20, and the small potatoes fall down and are separated. Thereafter, the products are transferred to the first sorting conveyor 21, sorted again by hand, and then packed into boxes.

[Problems to be solved by the invention] Generally speaking, there is no problem even if potatoes grown in dry soil are harvested using a conventional harvester. When the potatoes are harvested using a harvester, the soil clods that are dug up along with the potatoes are sticky and have a specific gravity close to that of potatoes, so they reach the final second sorting conveyor without being crushed or separated using conventional equipment. As a result, there was a problem in that a lot of manpower was required for the 5 sorting.

The present invention was made to solve this problem, and its purpose is to provide a clod processing device for a potato harvester that can automatically separate, crush, and drop the clod dug up with potatoes from the potatoes. Our goal is to provide the following.

[Means for Solving the Problems] One of the means adopted by the present invention to achieve the above object is to use a clod processing device as shown in FIG. 1 in place of the conventional lateral conveyor 15 shown in FIG. 30 is disposed below the outlet 22 of the rotary bucket conveyor +3. The clod treatment device 30 consists of smooth rolls 32 and spiral rolls 33 that are alternately arranged and rotate in opposite directions. All the rolls are lined up parallel to the advancing direction of the next sorting device and are rotationally driven by - hydraulic motors 35. It is desirable to provide a control circuit that reverses the rotational direction of the hydraulic motor for a certain period of time when the hydraulic motor becomes overloaded.

[Operation] As shown in FIG. 3, the potatoes P, stones S, and clods R dug up by the harvester f141 are discharged from the outlet 22 of the rotary bucket conveyor 13 onto the clod processing device 30. Potato P and stone S have relatively smooth surfaces, but clod R has a rough surface. Potato P and stone S, which have smooth surfaces, are caught between a spiral roll 33 and a smooth roll 32 that rotate in opposite directions. The coarse soil lumps R on the surface are sent to the spiral roll 33 and transferred to the sorting device.
Depending on the shape, the 0 stones that are bitten by the 3 and smooth rolls 32 and crushed into fine particles and fall to the ground are bitten by the spiral roll and the smooth roll, but when the 1 stone is bitten, the 0 stones are crushed by the spiral roll and the smooth roll. The hydraulic motor that drives it becomes overloaded, but the control circuit reverses the hydraulic motor for a certain period of time, allowing the trapped stone to be ejected.

In this way, the clod R is crushed, and only the potatoes P and stones S are sent to the first sorting roll 18 of the sorting device, where the stones are separated, so that only the potatoes reach the final sorting conveyor. . therefore.

Even if the soil is wet, the selection 11 does not require much labor.

[Example] The apparatus of the present invention will be described in more detail based on an example shown in the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a clod treatment device 30 is disposed below the outlet 22 of the rotary bucket conveyor 13. The frame 31 of the clod processing device 30 is supported on one side by the support frame 23 of the first sorting roll 18 and on the other side by the support frame 25 of the first conveyor 12 via a stay 24. Three smooth rolls 32 and three spiral rolls 33 are rotatably supported on the frame 31.
2 and the spiral roll 33 are alternately arranged in parallel, their axes are perpendicular to the first sorting roll 18, and the first sorting roll side is inclined downward. A mutually meshing spur gear 3 is provided at one if end of the smooth roll 32 and the spiral roll 33.
4 are fixed to form a gear train. A spur gear 34 at one end of the gear train meshes with a spur gear 36 fixed to the output shaft of a hydraulic motor 35. The hydraulic motor 35 is attached to the frame 31. Therefore, when the hydraulic motor 35 rotates, each gear 34 rotates in opposite directions. That is,
The smooth roll 32 and the spiral roll 33 rotate in opposite directions. Partition plates 37 are fixed to both sides of the frame 31, and a guide plate 38 is attached between the partition plates on both sides. A partition plate 37 is also attached to the opposite side of the frame 31 from the first sorting roll. A fall guide plate 40 is arranged below the frame 31, and the fall guide plate is fixed to the first conveyor support frame 25. The surfaces of the smooth roll 32 and the spiral roll 33 are coated with a rubber material that slips well when wet.

Next, clod treatment using the apparatus of the present invention will be explained.

As shown in Fig. 3, the digging blade 11 of the harvesting machine
At the same time, 81 blocks of soil S are dug up and placed on one end of the first conveyor 12. The stems and leaves Q are still attached to the potato P. These items are conveyed to the other end of the first conveyor 12 and from there are dropped into the entrance of the rotary bucket conveyor 13. At this time, the foliage Q is caught on the foliage conveyor 14 on the way and separated from the potatoes sP. If the soil is dry, it will be crushed considerably when it falls onto the rotary bucket conveyor 13 and fall to the ground through the gaps between the packets.
Wet soil is pulverized and there is little that falls to the ground; it enters rotary bucket conveyor 13, potatoes P, soil clods 81
The stone S makes a half turn from the inlet and rises, and is discharged from the outlet to the clod processing device 3o.

As shown in the hydraulic circuit diagram of FIG. 4, the hydraulic motor 35 of the clod processing device 30 is connected in series to the hydraulic pump 42 of the harvester via a switching valve 41.
A control circuit including a pressure switch 43 is provided in a conduit 44 between the two. When the oil pressure in the conduit 44 exceeds a predetermined value, the control circuit sends a signal to reverse the switching valve 41 for a certain period of time.

Potatoes and the like discharged from the outlet of the 0-tally"ket conveyor 13 are placed on the smooth roll 32 and the spiral roll 33 by the guide plate 38 and partition plate 37 of the clod treatment device 30.

In the case of wet soil, all the excavated material is wet, so the surfaces of the smooth roll 32 and the spiral roll 33 become wet and slippery. A hydraulic motor 35 rotates a smooth roll 32 and a spiral roll 33 in a direction that catches objects that fall between them.
The stones S are sent out toward the first sorting roll 18 by the spiral of the spiral roll 33 without being caught.

Since the wet soil lump R has a rough and sticky surface, it gets caught between the smooth roll 32 and the spiral roll 33, where it is crushed and the six stones that fall to the ground via the falling guide plate 40 are caught. , because the stone does not break down, smooth roll 3
2 and the spiral roll 33 become unrotatable, and the pressure in the conduit 44 in FIG. 4 rises, activating the pressure switch 43. When the pressure switch 43 is activated, the hydraulic motor 35 is rotated in reverse for a certain period of time by a control circuit connected to the pressure switch 43 to eject the stuck stone, and then rotated in the original direction again.

In this way, the clod R is crushed by the clod processing device 30 and separated from the potatoes P. Next, in the first sorting roll 18, the stones with large specific gravity pass down and are separated from the potatoes P, which is manually sorted by the zero-order first sorting conveyor 19, and then in the next second sorting roll 20, small stones that do not meet the standard are removed. Since the potatoes fall and separate, most of the potatoes P that reach the final second sorting conveyor meet the specifications.

[Effects of the Invention] As mentioned above, the device of the present invention can crush wet soil clods that could not be removed by conventional devices and mechanically separate them from potatoes. This has the excellent effect of greatly reducing the amount of labor required to separate potatoes from soil clods during harvest.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a side view partially showing the essential parts of a potato harvester equipped with the device of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is the same as that shown in Fig. 1. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the hydraulic circuit of the device shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 3 of the conventional device. In the figure, numeral 13 is a rotary packet comparator;
8 is a sorting roll, 22 is an outlet, 30 is a clod processing device, 3
1 is a frame, 32 is a smooth roll, 331 is a spiral roll, 34 is a spur gear, 35 is a hydraulic motor, 38 is a t-1 spur gear, 41 is an automatic switching valve, 43 is a pressure switch, 441
Each pipe is shown below.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) In a potato harvesting machine in which dug up potatoes, etc. are rotated upwards by a rotary bucket conveyor and sent to a sorting device, a soil clod treatment disposed between the rotary bucket conveyor and the sorting device. The apparatus includes a frame of the clod processing apparatus disposed below the outlet of the rotary bucket conveyor, and a plurality of smooth rolls and spiral rolls arranged in parallel to the frame so as to be alternately substantially in contact with each other so that their axes are aligned. A gear train that meshes with each other is provided on the shaft ends of the smooth roll and the spiral roll, with the center facing toward the sorting device, and a drive gear that engages with the gear train is fixed to the output shaft of a hydraulic motor attached to the frame. A clod processing device for a potato harvester, characterized in that a hydraulic circuit for operating the hydraulic motor is provided. 2) The hydraulic circuit consists of an automatic switching valve that switches the direction of hydraulic pressure, and a pressure switch attached to one of the pipes between the hydraulic motor and the automatic switching valve, and the pressure switch controls the hydraulic pressure in the pipe to a predetermined value. 2. The clod processing device for a potato harvester according to claim 1, wherein the device is connected to a control circuit that sends a signal to switch the automatic switching valve in the opposite direction for a certain period of time and reverse the hydraulic motor when the amount exceeds the predetermined time.