JP2652663B2 - Potato harvester's lump processing unit - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to a soil lump treating apparatus of a harvester for harvesting potatoes cultivated on wet or sticky soil.

[Prior Art] As shown in FIG. 5, a potato harvester digs potatoes together with foliage, stones, and earthen lumps by a digging blade 11, and the digged potatoes are directly from the lower end to the upper end of the first conveyor 12. Carried. Then, the excavated material is dropped to the entrance of the rotary bucket conveyor 13, but the foliage is hooked and separated on the foliage conveyor 14 during the fall. The potatoes and the earthen lump are rotated upward by the rotary bucket conveyor 13 and are moved out of the
Is discharged to a horizontal feed conveyor 15 as a kind of lump processing device. The potatoes and the large stones are sent to the first sorting roll 18 by the brush roll 16 of the traverse conveyor 15, and the clay is crushed into small pieces, passes under the brush roll 16 together with the pebbles, and falls to the debris conveyor. In the first sorting roll 18, the stone having a large specific gravity falls down and is separated. Then, it is first sorted on the first conveyor 19 and is manually sorted into potatoes only. Next, on the second sorting roll 20, the small potatoes fall down and are separated. Thereafter, the pieces are again sorted by hand on the second sorting conveyor 21 and packed in a box.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Generally, potatoes cultivated in a well-dried soil mass can be harvested by a conventional harvester without any problem. When the soil is dug up with potatoes, the soil mass dug up with potatoes is sticky and has a specific gravity close to potatoes, so that it is not pulverized or separated by the conventional apparatus and reaches the final second sorting conveyor. As a result, there is a problem that a lot of labor is required for sorting.

The present invention has been made to solve this problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a pottery lump processing apparatus of a potato harvester that can automatically separate and pulverize pottery and pottery soil from potatoes and drop it. Is to provide.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention employs:
Instead of the conventional horizontal conveyor 15 shown in FIG. 5, a mass processing apparatus 30 is disposed below the outlet 22 of the rotary bucket conveyor 13 as shown in FIG. The clay processing apparatus 30 includes a smooth roll 32 and a spiral roll 33, which are arranged alternately next to each other and rotate in opposite directions. All rolls are aligned parallel to the direction of travel of the next sorting device, and one hydraulic motor 35
To rotate. It is desirable to provide a control circuit for reversing the rotation direction of the hydraulic motor for a certain period when the hydraulic motor is overloaded.

[Action] As shown in FIG. 3, potato P dug by a harvester,
The stone S and the earth mass R are supplied to the outlet 22 of the rotary bucket conveyor 13.
From the soil treatment device 30. Potato P and Stone S
Has a relatively smooth surface, but the soil mass R has a rough surface. Potatoes P and stones S whose surfaces are smooth are less likely to be caught in the spiral roll 33 and the smooth roll 32 that are rotating in opposite directions to each other, and are sent to the spiral roll 33 and transferred to the sorting device. The rough soil mass R is a spiral roll 33 and a smooth roll
It bites into 32 and is crushed into fine particles and falls to the ground. The stone is caught in the spiral roll and smooth roll depending on the shape, but when the stone is caught, the hydraulic motor that drives the spiral roll and smooth roll is overloaded, but the control circuit reverses the hydraulic motor for a certain period of time The stone that has been caught is extruded.

In this manner, the earth mass R is crushed, and the potato P and the stone S
Is sent to the first sorting roll 18 of the sorting device, where the stones are separated, so that only the potatoes reach the final sorting conveyor. Therefore, even if the soil is wet,
In particular, it does not require a lot of manpower for sorting.

[Example] An apparatus of the present invention will be described in more detail based on an example shown in the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a block 30 is provided below the outlet 22 of the rotary bucket conveyor 13.
Place. One side of the frame 31 of the clay processing apparatus 30 is supported on the support frame 25 of the first conveyor 12 via the stay 24 on the opposite side of the support frame 23 of the first sorting roll 18. On the frame 31, three smooth rolls 32 and three spiral rolls 33 are rotatably supported, and the smooth rolls 32 and the spiral rolls 33 are alternately arranged in parallel, and their axis is orthogonal to the first sorting roll 18. And
And it is inclined so that the first sorting roll side goes down. Spur gears 34 that mesh with each other are fixed to one shaft end of the smooth roll 32 and the spiral roll 33 to form a gear train. A spur gear 34 at one end of the gear train meshes with a spur gear 36 fixed to an output shaft of a hydraulic motor 35. The hydraulic motor 35 is mounted on the frame 31. Therefore, when the hydraulic motor 35 rotates, the respective gears 34 rotate in mutually opposite directions. That is, the smooth roll 32 and the spiral roll 33 rotate in opposite directions. Partition plates 37 are fixed to both sides of the frame 31, and guide plates 38 are attached between the partition plates on both sides. A partition plate 37 is also attached to the frame 31 on the side opposite to the first sorting roll. A drop guide plate 40 is arranged below the frame 31, and the drop guide plate is fixed to the first conveyor support frame 25. The surfaces of the smooth roll 32 and the spiral roll 33 are covered with a rubber material that slides well when wet.

Next, a description will be given of the clay processing by the apparatus of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the digging blade 11 of the harvester digs up the earth mass R and the stone S together with the potato P and puts it on one end side of the first conveyor 12. The potato P still has the foliage Q. These are transported to the other end of the first conveyor 12 and dropped there from the entrance of the rotary bucket conveyor 13. At this time, the foliage Q is hooked on the foliage conveyor 14 on the way, and is separated from the potato P. If the soil is dry,
When it falls on the rotary bucket conveyor 13, it is considerably crushed and falls to the ground from the gap between the buckets, but the wet soil is rarely crushed and falls to the ground. The potatoes P, the lumps R, and the stones S that have entered the rotary bucket conveyor 13 rise half a turn from the inlet and are discharged to the lumps treating device 30 from the outlet.

As shown in the hydraulic circuit diagram of FIG. 4, a hydraulic motor 35 of the earthmoving apparatus 30 is connected to a hydraulic pump of the harvester through a switching valve 41.
A control circuit including a pressure switch 43 is provided in a line 44 connected in series with the hydraulic motor 35 and the switching valve 41. The control circuit transmits a signal for reversely switching the switching valve 41 for a certain time when the oil pressure in the pipeline 44 exceeds a predetermined value.

The potatoes and the like extracted from the outlet of the rotary bucket conveyor 13 are put on the smooth roll 32 and the helical roll 33 by the guide plate 38 and the partition plate 37 of the clod disposal device 30. In the case of wet soil, since all the excavated materials are wet, the surfaces of the smooth roll 32 and the spiral roll 33 are also wet and slippery. The hydraulic motor 35 rotates the smooth roll 32 and the helical roll 33 in the direction of biting what enters between them, but the potatoes P and the stones S whose surfaces are slippery are not entangled, and the spiral roll 33 spirals. It is sent out to the sorting roll 18. Since the wet soil mass R has a rough surface and is sticky, the smooth roll 32 and the spiral roll 33
And fall into the ground via the drop guide plate 40. When the stone is caught, since the stone cannot be removed, the smooth roll 32 and the spiral roll 33 become unrotatable, and the pressure in the pipeline 44 in FIG. When the pressure switch 43 is activated, the pressure switch
By the control circuit connected to 43, the hydraulic motor 35 reversely rotates for a certain period of time to remove the trapped stone and rotate again in the original direction.

In this way, the lumps R are separated from the potatoes P crushed by the crusher 30. Then, the first sorting roll
At 18, the heavy stones fall down and separate from the potato P. Next, sorting by hand is performed in the first sorting conveyor 19, and small balls outside the standard fall off and separate in the next second sorting roll 20, so that the potatoes P reaching the final second sorting conveyor are almost all of the standard. It fits.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the apparatus of the present invention can pulverize a wet soil mass that could not be removed by a conventional device and mechanically separate it from potatoes. An excellent effect is obtained in that the labor required for separating potatoes and lumps during harvesting can be greatly reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a main part of a potato harvester equipped with the device of the present invention in a partial cross section, FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a hydraulic circuit of the apparatus of FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a view corresponding to FIG. 3 of the conventional apparatus, and reference numeral 13 denotes a rotary. Bucket conveyor, 18 is a sorting roll, 22 is an outlet, 30 is a lump processing device, 31 is a frame, 32 is a smooth roll, 33 is a spiral roll, 34 is a spur gear,
35 is a hydraulic motor, 36 is a spur gear, 41 is an automatic switching valve, 43 is a pressure switch, and 44 is a pipeline.

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A potato harvester of a type in which excavated potatoes and the like are rotated up by a rotary bucket conveyor and sent to a sorting device, wherein the potato harvesting device is disposed between the rotary bucket conveyor and the sorting device. The frame of the earthmoving apparatus is disposed below the outlet of the rotary bucket conveyor, and a plurality of smooth rolls and spiral rolls are arranged side by side on the frame so as to substantially alternately contact with each other, and the axes of the rolls are aligned with each other. Toward the sorting device, a gear train is provided that meshes with the shaft ends of the smoothing roll and the spiral roll, and a drive gear that engages with the gear train is fixed to an output shaft of a hydraulic motor mounted on the frame. A potato harvesting machine having a hydraulic circuit for operating a hydraulic motor. 2. A hydraulic circuit comprising an automatic switching valve for switching the direction of hydraulic pressure, and a pressure switch attached to one of the pipelines between a hydraulic motor and the automatic switching valve, wherein the pressure switch is a hydraulic switch for the pipeline. 2. The potato harvesting machine according to claim 1, further comprising a control circuit for switching the automatic switching valve in a reverse direction for a predetermined period of time to transmit a signal to reverse the hydraulic motor. apparatus.