SU1555098A1 - Back-up plate for forming a weld - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to welding and can be used in the manufacture of welded structures from sheets. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the welded joint. Details 8 are placed on the surface of the housing 1 and pressed with a force P, overcoming the force of the springs 3, equal to 0.05-0.1 from the value of P, displacing the elements 2 of the insert into the cavity 6 of the housing 1. Through the channels 4 placed between the elements 2 The protective gas is fed into the groove 5. The springs 3 are made with a ratio of their diameters to lengths of 1-2. The amount of protrusion of the elements 2 above the housing 1 is chosen less than the full stroke of the elements in the housing by an amount equal to 1-2 steps of the turns of the springs. The lining provides a reduction in heat input and an increase in welding productivity by 12-15% with an increase in the quality of the welded joint. 3 il.

Description

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The invention relates to welding and can be used in the manufacture of welded structures from sheets.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the welded joint.

Figure 1 shows the Lining, the overall look; figure 2 - section aa in figure 1} in fig.Z - section B-Bnafig.1. The lining includes a housing 1, inside of which an insert is installed of individual elements 2 installed in the housing 1 on the springs 3 so as to move along the spring axis. At the ends of the elements 2, vertical channels 4 are made to supply the protective gas to the forming groove 5 from the inner cavity 6 of the housing 1. To limit the amount of projection H of the elements 2 above the surface of the housing 1, the shoulder 7 serves. is a value equal to 0.05-0.1 of the pressure to press the edges of the welded part 8 to the liner body 1.

The lining works as follows.

The welded parts 8 are placed before welding on the surface of the housing 1 of the lining and are pressed with a specific force of 20-25 kgf per 1 centimeter. Under the force of pressing elements 2 of the insert, overcoming the force of the springs 3, equal to 0.1-0.05 from the force of pressing, are displaced inside the housing 1. This ensures a tight pressure of the elements of the insert to the welded parts. Inner cavity 6 is supplied with protective gas, which through the channels 4 enters the forming groove 5.

The use of split inserts in the form of individual elements 2 ensures the elimination of heat transfer between the elements. At the same time, in the process of welding, due to a significant reduction in the force of pressing the edges to the lining in the seam area, a constant heat removal from the weld pool to the lining along its length and a constant seam size are provided.

The force of pressing the inserts 2 to the surface of the welded product 8 has a significant effect on the heat removal from the welding zone, the formation of the seam and the reliability of the lining. When applying force, insert 2 against the surface of the product being welded 8

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less than 0.05 from the pressing force of the product to the surface of the lining body 1, an uneven heat dissipation from the weld pool to the lining is observed, accompanied by the formation of an uneven penetration. In addition, with a given amount of force pressing the inserts to the surface of the product, jamming of the inserts 2 and their installation with a bias is observed with respect to the plane of the parts to be welded 8, which leads to the formation of an uneven penetration, and in a number of cases, the burn-through edges to be welded.

When the force of pressing the inserts 2 to the surface of the product to be welded is more than 0.1 from the force of pressing the product to the surface of the liner 1, an improvement in the contact between the insert 2 and the part 8 with increasing heat dissipation from the welding zone is observed, which necessitates an increase in the welding current for normal weld formation.

This force is provided by two springs with a ratio of diameter to length in the range 1.0-2.0. At this ratio of the diameter of the spring to its length, the stability of the springs is ensured and their loss during the operation of the lining is excluded, since the insert element 2 has many degrees of freedom.

The optimal ratio between the diameter of the wire and the step of winding the spring is set within

| R (2-4).

where t is the step of winding the spring, mm;

d0 - spring wire diameter, mm.

The following spring parameters are set to ensure stable lining operation: spring diameter 8.5 mm} spring length 14 mm} wire diameter 0.5 mm; wire material steel OVS} step winding springs 1,5 mm.

An increase in the length of the spring is accompanied by an increase in the dimensions of the body of the lining, which complicates its use for welding structures when welding panels into a frame. The diameter of the wire for winding the springs should be chosen in the range of 0.5-0.8 mm. The pressing force of the insert to the surface of the product to be welded with the selected parameters is regulated by the use of various materials for the manufacture of springs and appropriate heat treatment.

Taking into account the appropriate tolerances for the manufacture of lining parts and welded parts, the magnitude of the protrusion of the insert surface above the surface of the body is set less than the spring stroke by 1-2 steps of the spring winding. This ratio ensures a uniform preload of the insert along the length with the required preload force. If the magnitude of the protrusion is equal to or greater than the spring stroke, then the insert can be pressed against the surface of the product with a force equal to the force of pressing the product to the lining body.

The proposed lining allows you to ensure a uniform fit to the parts being welded, to reduce the energy of the process, and to increase the welding productivity by 12-15%.

The use of a lining for assembling and welding panels with a frame with seams of complex spatial configuration allows to save more than 1 kW / h of electricity per 1 meter of seam.

formula of invention

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A lining for forming a weld during welding of butt joints, comprising a housing, an insert with a forming groove arranged therein, made of separate elements installed with gaps between themselves and provided with channels for supplying protective gas from the housing to the weld, characterized in that the purpose of improving the quality of the welded joint due to the provision of constant heat input and weld size, the insert elements are placed with the possibility of movement in the body, protruding from it and pressing it to the product and springed when the help of springs made with a ratio of coil diameters to their lengths equal to 1-2, while the magnitude of the protruding elements is less than a full stroke in the body by 1-2 steps of the coils of the springs, and 5 the force of pressing the insert with springs is within 0.05-0 1 from the force of the drive body to the product.

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Claims (1)

Claim A lining for the formation of a seam during welding of butt joints, comprising a housing, an insert with a forming groove placed in it, made of separate elements installed with gaps between each other and provided with channels for supplying protective gas from the housing to the weld, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the welded joint by ensuring ed constancy of the linear energy and the dimensions of the seam, the insert elements are placed with the possibility of movement in the housing, protruding from it and pressing it to the product and spring-loaded using 20 springs made with a ratio of coil diameters to their lengths equal to 1-2, while the protrusion of the elements is less than the full stroke in the housing by 1-2 steps of coil springs, and 25 the force of pressing the insert by the springs is within 0.05- 0.1 from the force of pressing the case to the product.