SU1519538A1 - Bed method for cultivating potato - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to agriculture. The purpose of the invention is to improve the growing conditions, increase the yield of potatoes by creating a finely lumpy soil layer in a grade and increasing the number of plants in a grain with an optimal area of their nutrition. Dumps are formed by moving the soil from the zone between the ridge to the zone of the ridge simultaneously with the process of presowing loosening of arable land, forming furrows with a distance of 1.4 or 1.8 m from each other, equal to the width of the gauge of the energy means, then the soil in the ridge zone they are separated, and the isolated large soil lumps, along with the separation, are shattered and piled onto the surface of the ridge, and when planted, the potato tubers are placed in the ridge at a depth of 18-20 cm 3 or 4 pits with a distance of 25-35 cm between rows and 20-35 cm between tubers in the row, and when caring for the posad They carried out 2 fold pre-emergence loosening of the grunt by batch displacing the topsoil along the ridge to a depth of 5-8 cm, retaining its original profile, and after cutting the furrows, the support wheels of power tools and agricultural machines and tools were placed in the furrows between the ridges in all operations of growing and harvesting potatoes, without disturbing the initial profile of the group and the structural state of the soil in it. The finely lumpy soil layer in the soil improves the water-air and nutrient regimes of the soil, i.e. improves plant growth conditions, which meets agrotechnical requirements and allows increasing crop yield. 3 hp ff.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to methods for the cultivation of potatoes, and can be used mainly in conditions of heavy soil texture.

The aim of the invention is to improve the growing conditions and increase the yield of potatoes by creating a small lump of soil in a row and increasing the number of plants in a row with an optimal area of their nutrition.

In the spring, arable land is harrowed with tine harrows with a DT-75M-I-24BZTS-1 machine-tractor unit. After harrowing, the pre-planting soil is loosened with the DT-75M - + - KPSH-5 aggregate to a depth of 25 cm according to the generally accepted technology. Following the preplant soil loosening, the operation of cutting furrows to a depth of 25 cm and with a distance of 1.4 m between the furrows of the T-700 -f + KPH-5, 6 unit is performed. For this purpose, five are installed on the frame of the KPH-5 cultivator hillers, while the average hiller is placed along the longitudinal axis of the tractor, and the remaining four - symmetrically with respect to the average at a distance of 1.4 m from each other. When the unit is in operation

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The burying layer () from the zone of the furrow is displaced by hillocks to the area of the ridge. After the passage of the unit on re-. le are formed by furrows of a depth of 25 cm and a width at the base of 40 cm, and the thickness of the groove |, 1 at the base is 100 cm.

After cutting, the furrows are performed by the step of forming a bunch of tools specifically designed for this. M: separator 1-crumbler m mounted on a T-70C tractor. When the machine is in operation, the T-70C tractor tracks, the width of which is x and has a size of 35 cm, are placed in the drill; 1., H of each of which is 40 cm from the base. Since the track width is p; iKi ip; i t 70 ((the distance between the tracks of t () akto) but nrodolnym.ms m} is 1.4 m, and the grooves are cut to take into account (). 1 of this parameter, 1.4 m each

O. :) a, then when moving the aggregate of hay with a horn-com code), 1H (IHrina of capture 1.2 m) processes the soil only in the area of the predator (1o of the cut profile of the string. Prnn movement of the aggregate overnight, podkopann .. ceiiapaTOjKi on r. 1 mn 25 cm and at 100 cm Separate worker o) raii, where the smallest fractions (lumps less than 25 m) go into it, and, 1 lump more than 25 mm, go into the drum, lumpy choker, de) az) piled onto the surface. | -р д1 1 After the passage of the unit, 1р yes has t | 1eveniously pros, and, with equal punishment, as found in the year in pi with not small commode fractional composition, which are | ai more resentni iecKHM () BH1 1b vani cards fs,:.

IIoc, ie f (.) P 1irov (P1 1 p d start to plant ka 1G () fe, 1, for example, converted, iKoii K (.M-4. And in sufficiently uv .. cpl.mag conditions. xx, 1b; vani cards () 4) ate or when you picked up the cards (() e, 1 for seed tse. W If cm see 1yh. 1 bp1 1 1 ii) HU ntin tl 1l liLt, MlllV. h H / lili I l 1H, t, nil

ca; i, Ke Osunichti. 1 kp chg i yrsch with a distance of 1e / 1chl 25 cm. B: .1) for hustling, 1H, 1X K, iv6ne i

110141 km. Shamak raokmsnsem in the group of countries, 1NAC) T is three-day distance between the rows in the group of 30--35 s.m. The four-quadrant placement of plants in the range of the distance between each other is kept in a row, 1x 25-30 cm. With a three-day bottom 30-35 cm. Possible

variant zagun: esh) potato plantations. W (for example, for seed purposes) and with a three-fold plant placement in a row, at a given sec; distance between k. Cubes in the row when the potatoes are planted is kept within 20–25 cm. D. nosadki potatoes in gr d, | on soot, 1ke KC. supporting Ko.ieca stir over bo- () ozdam, coHJHHKH pa.3MentaK) n to two rows.

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Sowing devices are also placed appropriately: with four-bottomed placement of tubers in a cluster, four joints and four sowing machines are used, with three-bottomed - three openers and three sowing machines. To prevent the collapse of the soil from the soil into the furrows on the planter, install protective shields on the profile of the soil.

After planting, a double pre-emergence loosening of the head is carried out by batch displacing the top layer of the head to a depth of 5–8 cm with a rotary harrow slid over the T-70C or MTZ-80 tractor. the soil crust is destroyed, which allows the soil moisture and nutrients to be retained to form the potato crop. The remaining operations of potato cultivation technology (spraying plants with chemicals from diseases and pests, pre-harvest removal of tops, harvesting) are carried out according to generally accepted technology, but with preservation of the profile of the group and the initial structure of the soil in them, for which the supporting wheels (tracks) of energy resources All agricultural mangens are stirred only along the furrows between the fields.

The method of cultivation of potatoes, 1 makes the shedding grounds the following conditions: a flooded me, a weighted layer of soil in the soil, a water-air and nutrient press of the P (), i. E. | Scientists counts 1) residual plants, which meets ai rotechnical requirements, and ||

Claims (2)

1. Random CI) collection,: 1 card, including planting tubers in preformed grades and care and planting, differing from that, with, improving the growing conditions and potato yield (11.1, - Neither micro-lumpy soil in 1 Mi.li, and higher, the number of plants in the district and the increase in the number of plants in the region with the optimal nonstop of their nutrition, for example, change the soil from the ridge into the zone of the ridge simultaneously with the process of the preseeding p., chlenium iiaHJHH, forming a furrow with a distance of one from the ugoy 1.4 or 1.8 m equal P1irnne gauge energy cf. dstva (ate.m nochvu in zone c rows separated, and the separated large soil clods simultaneously with separation razru1nayut me.phie and poured on to the surface of 1Y c. 2. Method 1, characterized in that when planting tubers of potatoes 1519538 56 placed in the ground at a depth of 18–20 cm soil along the ridge to a depth of 58 cm. three- or fourfold bottom with a store of its original profile. 25-35 cm between rows and 20-35 cm between 4. The method according to claim I. characterized in tubercles in the dduq. that after cutting the furrows support wheels 5 Energy and agricultural 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the machines and tools are placed in the boroz that during the care of the landings, wires are between the rows on all operations 2-fold pre-emergence loosening of the cropping and harvesting of potatoes, not by batch displacement of the upper layer of the outer lip of the initial profile and the structural state of soil in it.