SU1489602A1 - Method of growing winter wheat - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to the crop, and can be used in the cultivation of winter wheat for irrigation in areas with cold winters. The aim of the invention is to increase the yield by increasing the frost resistance of winter wheat plants by creating well-developed kulisnyh plants, as well as a better balance of nutrients in the soil during the initial growing season of winter wheat according to non-steam predecessor under irrigation conditions.

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to the crop, and can be used in the cultivation of winter wheat for irrigation in areas with cold winters.

The aim of the invention is to increase the yield by increasing the frost resistance of winter wheat plants by creating well-developed kulisnyh plants, as well as a better balance of nutrients in the soil during the initial growing season of winter wheat according to non-steam predecessor under irrigation conditions.

Example. Before sowing the scenes, depending on the availability of the soil with the main nutrients, a full rate of phosphate and potash fertilizers is applied to the entire field and only 20-30% of the total nitrogenous rate intended for winter wheat.

Sowing scenes of frost-resistant cruciferous crops (mustard, spring rape) is produced in the third decade of July (20-25 numbers). With this extra dose

fertilizers, necessary for normal growth and development of the cultivar culture, are applied to the soil simultaneously with the marking of the line of the scenes or during its sowing. Fertilizing is done somewhat deeper than seed placement and away from the row of rocker culture. The soil moisture during the growing season of the rocker plants and winter wheat is maintained at an optimum level by carrying out timely watering.

In 1984, after annual grasses (a pea-oat mixture for green fodder), surface treatment of the soil was carried out with a disc chopper LDH — 15 to a depth of 6-8 cm. The soil is meadow chernozem and heavy loamy.

Before sowing, the scenes make nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers in the amount of Νθο Ριοο to the whole field and nitrogen \ ₄ directly to the line of the scenes when labeling them (doses of fertilizers in kg / ha of active ingredient). At the same time, fertilizers are seized somewhat deeper (by 3-4 cm) and to the side (by 3-5 cm) from

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row of rocker plants. Fertilizers make a disc seed drill SZ-3,6.

Sowing the mustard scenes is carried out with the same seeder to a depth of 2-3 cm, a norm of 0.10-0.15 million viable seeds per hectare (50-60 plants per 1 running meter) with mandatory rolling before and after sowing. The backstage is sown from July 20 to July 25, the intercline distance is 4 m. Before sowing of winter wheat, interculis spaces are processed twice by a CPS cultivator — 4.0 to a depth of 5-6 cm. Gold-plated winter wheat is sown across the curtain, to a depth of 4 —5 cm, the seeding rate of 6 million viable seeds per hectare from August 18 to 23. After 1 seeding, produce one irrigation at a rate of 305 m ³ / ha. In years with a dry autumn, a second irrigation is possible in the phase of full germination - the beginning of the tillering of winter crops.

Production tests from 1984 to 1985 showed that by the period of steady frost, the height of the wings when forming them with a new method reached 113.3 cm, without additional fertilization - 40.7 for a couple - 110.1 cm, for non-steam predecessors, without irrigation - 2 foxes did not ascend at all.

As can be seen from the above data, the height of snow cover at the beginning of snowmelt changed during the formation of a ku-. Foxes on non-steam predecessor.

The use of the proposed method of cultivating winter wheat in irrigation in areas with cold winters provides efficient, uniform snow accumulation, loose snow build-up and its later. her melting in the spring; increases frost-

bone of winter wheat plants due to nutritional balance in the initial period of its development; the method is carried out by existing machines and implements in production; compared to other methods (sowing with a non-steam precursor, without irrigating a couple and without additional fertilization in the backstage line), the method provides an increase in the yield of winter wheat from 27.4 to 79.4 centners / ha.

In addition, when using the proposed method, it is possible to carry out a later (by 5–10 days) seeding of the scenes; the expansion of winter wheat crops in areas with cold winters is ensured.

The table shows the dependence of the methods of forming the wings on the height of the snow cover, the density of snow and the yield of winter wheat varieties Zolotaya Niva.

Claims (1)

Claim The method of cultivation of winter wheat, including sowing single-line scenes of cruciferous crops, characterized in that, in order to increase yield by increasing the frost resistance of winter wheat plants by creating well-developed cultivator plants, as well as a better balance of nutrients in the soil during the initial winter wheat growing season for non-steam predecessor under irrigation conditions, sowing of the scenes is carried out with additional fertilization directly into the line of the scenes with its marking or seva. The way of forming the scenes Height backstage cm Height snowy cover cm Density of snow., G / cm ³ Grain yield, c / ha According to the non-steam predecessor, without irrigation Backstage not 31.6 0.310 Total extinction Steam, no irrigation RISE 110.1 45.0 0.20 knowledge 52.0 According to the non-steam predecessor with irrigation, without additional fertilization in the backstage line 40.7 37.3 0.235 42.6 Offered, by non-steam predecessor, with additional fertilization in the backstage line, with irrigation 113.3 '49,3 0.195 79.4