SU1472938A1 - Operatorъs teaching machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to automation and computing, in particular, to technical means used to train operators of control systems for error-free actions in emergency situations, as well as to means of testing control systems. The goal is to expand the didactic capabilities of the device by automating the training of operators and testing means of controlling control systems, as well as increasing the effectiveness of training in training operators of the skills of error-free actions in emergency situations. The goal is achieved by additionally introducing a pulse counter 17, a second control switch 7, two switches 25 and 29 operating modes, three triggers 8-10, elements OR 13-15, differentiating element 20, element 21, two indicators 22, 23, second element 19 delay and block 24 time delay. The device also contains a memory block 1, a decoder 2, separation elements 3, a control switch 7, an AND element 11, an OR element 12, a time counter 16, a delay element 18, a signaling unit 26, an educational information generating unit 27, an operator console 28. The invention increases the effectiveness of training by introducing adequate temporal and stressogenic factors, along with temporal adaptation of the complexity of learning tasks to the level of training of operators. 2 Il.

Description

The invention relates to automation and computing, mainly to technical means, used to train operators for error-free actions in emergency situations, can also be used to test controls of control systems.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the didactic capabilities of the device, ensuring the automation of operator training processes and testing of control system controls, as well as increasing the training efficiency in training operators of error-free actions in emergency situations.

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a device for training operators; Fig. 2 shows timing diagrams explaining its operation in training and testing modes.

The device contains a memory block 1, a decoder 2, separation elements 3, information outputs 4, feedback input 5, first control switch 6, second control switch 7, first trigger 8, second trigger 9, third trigger 10, AND element 11, first element OR 12, second element OR 13, third element OR 14, fourth element OR 15, time counter 16, pulse counter 17, first delay element 18, second delay element 19, differentiating element 20, NOT element 21 first indicator 22 , the second indicator 23, block 24 time delay, the first mode switch 25, the signaling unit 26, the educational information generation unit 27, the alarm unit 26, the training information generation unit 27, the operator console 28, the second operation mode switch 29.

The device works as follows.

The device is reset either after pressing the switch button 7 or automatically after each test cycle. In the initial state, the triggers 8-10 are in the zero state, the counters 16, 17 and block 1 are cleared, the indicators 22 and 23 of the CLAIM (testing of control devices) and USC (control system failure), respectively, are not hot. all outputs of the decoder 2 signals are missing.

Before the next training cycle, it is advisable to test the controls of the serviced control system. For this purpose, the switch 25 is switched to the disconnected state, and the switch 29 is moved to the first position, providing direct connection of the input 5 to the elements 20 and 21.

After pressing the button of the switch 6, the triggers 8 and 9 are switched to a single state, the transparency of the indicator 22 lights up. Through the element 12, a signal from the button of the switch 6 is recorded into the pulse counter 17, the counter 16 is triggered by the same signal. the signal arriving through elements 13 and 19, the contents of counter 17 is rewritten into block 1, with the result that at the first input of the decoder 2 a positive level of voltage appears, which through the corresponding separating element 3 enters one of information output device buses connected to one of the control points of the electronic equipment of the control system under test. The occurrence of this voltage level interferes with the normal operation of the latter. When the controls in the system under test are operable, a Fault signal is generated, which in the form of a positive voltage level is fed to the device input 5, and from it directly to the input of the element 20, where it is converted into a pulse signal, which through the element 14 clears the unit 1, in which the trigger register can be used in this case. This removes the interference with the normal operation of the control system. After some time, not exceeding the pulse delay time of the element 18, the control system is restored to normal operation, the system starts to function normally, which is indicated by the disappearance of the positive signal level. Fault at input 5. Inverted signal at the output of element 21. 11, allowing the impulse signal to be delayed for the maximum possible recovery time of the system. l as the next counting pulse to the counter. 17. Increasing by one the binary code value of counter 17 is rewritten after the additional delay in element 19 of the same impulse arrives. Fault in block 1, which again causes the initiation of a malfunction in the system under test, in this case through a checkpoint connected to the second bus information output device. Next, the described process is cyclically repeated until the probing of the apparatus of the system under test through all control points connected to the information output of the device is completed.

A sign of a failure of the control system is initially the fact that the counter 17 stops, which will occur if, in response to the next interfering signal entered into the control system, there is no Fault signal from the latter. After the maximum possible passage time of the full test cycle in this case, counter 16 generates an overflow pulse that enters the single input of trigger 20, which causes the FCC indicator 23 to light up (control system failure).

If the full test cycle is about

went normally, then the overflow signal of the counter 17 carries out the initial installation of the counter 16 and thereby eliminates the possibility of generating a CCA signal. By the same signal, the automatic transfer of the device to the initial state is completed by zeroing the triggers 8 and 9.

Thus, the proposed mouth-. The device provides automatic implementation of the test procedure for the means of control of the serviced control system.

In the learning mode, the switch 25 is transferred to a closed state, which allows the signal Failure1 to pass from the feedback input of the device to the inputs of blocks 26 and 27. The switch

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29 is transferred to one of the positions that allow the Fault signal to pass to elements 20 and 21 with a delay set before the next training cycle, which can be many times longer than the automatic passage time of the full test cycle of the controls of the serviced system.

When the switch 6 button is pressed in the learning mode described earlier, a malfunction is entered into the serviced control system via the device information output bus and the unit 27 is started. In addition, the counting pulse from the output of the element 12 enters the input of the block 27 as the counting pulse of the software implemented pulse counter, the contents of which always coincides with the contents of the counter 17, which determines the address of the input malfunction. In accordance with the contents of the software pulse counter in block 27, the program generates the corresponding display information file for the console 28, which contains a list of randomly ordered operations of the optimal operator activity in this emergency situation. After the occurrence of signal 5 at input 5, the malfunction arrives directly at block 26 and at input of block 27. At the same time, an irregular file of the optimal operator activity algorithm in this emergency situation is displayed on the console 28 screen. At the same time, the operator begins to be affected by the sound and light effects generated block 26. The task of the operator being trained is to adequately order the displayed sequence of operations of the optimal algorithm of operation using the keypad for 28 seconds during Military operations of each of its correct serial number in the algorithm. At the same time, the task execution time is limited by the signal passing time. Fault through block 24, set before the start of this exercise cycle. Regardless of the quality of the first task performed by the operator after a specified time, the interference will be switched to the second bus of the information output of the device and the operator on the console screen

28, a new algorithm will be presented corresponding to the second emergency situation. Next, the described process is repeated cyclically until the probing of the control system equipment is completed through all control points connected to the information output of the device.

It is possible to set the initial address of the fault before the next cycle of the simulator programmatically with the simultaneous typing of this address in the counter 17, performed after pressing the switch 6 button before starting the device.

The quality of the trainees' performance is assessed programmatically by block 27 of poo-. topics counting the number of successfully and successfully completed tasks. At the same time, it is possible to quickly restore gaps in the operator’s skills by analyzing the mistakes made

ten

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As the device leaves the operator to perform tasks in successive training cycles, this ensures the time adaptation of the degree of difficulty of the tasks to the operator's training level, which is mainly due to the high didactic efficiency of the automated learning process using the proposed device.

The device provides automation of operator training and testing of control systems, as well as enhancing the effectiveness of operator training in error-free action skills in emergency situations, achieved by introducing an adequate time pressure factor, additional sound and light stress factors and time adaptation of the degree of complexity of training tasks. to level trained15

structuring of the relevant operators. fishing, stored in memory of block 27, To

File access is performed programmatically via the keypad 28.

As the operator masters the skills of error-free actions in emergency situations, the training process is adapted by reducing the permissible execution time of each task, which is accomplished by a corresponding discrete reduction of the lifetime of each type of fault introduced into the control system by connecting the corresponding inputs of the unit 24 switch 29 to input 5,

At position 1 of FIG. 2 shows the timing diagram of the possible following of the Start signals, at position 2, the voltage diagram at the unit output of the trigger 8, at position 3, the sequence of realization of the signals on the corresponding numbered information outputs of the device during its operation in the test mode of the control means of the control system is possible. Different duration of existence of each of these signals is due to the possible stochasticity. reaction time of the means of control of the serviced system to one or another interfering signal. At positions 4, 5 and 6, possible implementations of the signal on one (in this case, the first) bus are shown

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Claims (1)

Invention Formula A device for training operators, containing a decoder, the inputs of which are connected to the corresponding outputs of the memory unit, and the outputs - to the inputs of the corresponding decoupling elements, the outputs of which are the outputs of the device, the AND element whose output is connected to one input of the first OR element, the first delay element , the first control switch, the input of which is connected to the first power bus, the unit for the formation of educational information, the information inputs-outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs-outputs of the pool This operator, alarm unit and time counter, characterized in that, in order to expand the didactic capabilities of the device, a pulse counter, first, second and third triggers, second, third and fourth elements OR, second delay element, differentiating element, second control switch, NOT element, first and second switches of operation mode switches, first and second indicators, and a time delay unit, whose inputs are connected to the corresponding outputs of the first operation mode switch, and you 0 moves - with the inputs of the differentiating element and the KE element connected to one of the outputs of the first mode switch, whose inputs are the information input of the device and connected to the input of the second mode switch whose output is connected to the input of the alarm unit and the control input of the forming unit educational information, the address input of which is connected to the output of the first element OR, and the start input is connected to the output of the first control switch connected to one input of the second element OR, The first input of the first element OR, the information input of the time counter and the S inputs of the first and second triggers, the information input of the pulse counter is connected to the output of the first OR element, the setup input to the output of the second control switch, the information outputs to the corresponding information inputs the memory block and the overflow output with the R input of the second trigger and one input of the fourth element OR the other input of which "J. | A connected to the output of the second control switch connected to the R input of the third trigger and one input of the third OR element, the output of which is connected to the installation input of the memory unit, and the other input to the output of the differentiating element connected to the input of the first delay element whose output is connected to another input of the second OR element and the first input of the AND element, the second input of which is connected to the output of the element NOT, and the third input to the output of the first trigger, the R input of which is connected to the output of the fourth OR element, connected to the installation input of the time counter, the output of which is connected to the S input of the third trigger, one input of the first and second indicators are connected to the second power bus, and the other inputs to the outputs of the second and third trigger, respectively, the input of the second control switch is connected to the first power bus , the input of the second delay element is connected to the output of the second OR element, and the output is connected to the recording input of the memory block. g I