RU2809706C1 - Protein-vitamin mineral fodder additive "provin" for young cows and method of its application - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to feed additives and can be used in the feed industry in the manufacture of feed for cattle. Protein-vitamin mineral supplement for feed for young cows includes components of wheat and corn, crushed grape pomace, protein concentrate from Hermetia Illucens fly larvae, sunflower meal, barley component. The components of wheat, barley and corn form a mixture of grains in the following ratio, wt.%: wheat 49-51; barley 29-31; the rest is corn. Grape pomace crushed into flour is presented in the ratio, wt.%: flour from crushed pomace of white grapes 35-65; the rest is flour from crushed pomace of red grapes. The complete composition of the protein-vitamin mineral supplement for feed for young cows has the following ratio of ingredients, wt.%: mixture of grains 19-21; protein concentrate from fly larvae Hermetia Illucens 19-21; sunflower meal 19-21; the rest is flour from crushed pomace of white and red grapes. Feed additive for young cows is added to the basic diet at the rate of 65 g per head per day.

EFFECT: increasing the biological value of the diet of animals.

2 cl, 4 tbl

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to feed additives that increase the biological value of animal diets and can be used in the feed industry in the manufacture of feed for cattle.

A known feed for lactating cows contains grass flour, wheat bran, molasses, urea, table salt, premix, corn or barley meal, beet pulp, diammonium phosphate and sodium sulfate in the following ratio of initial components, %: Grass meal 20-25 Corn meal or barley 30-35 Wheat bran 15-20 Beet pulp 15-20 Molasses 8-10 Urea 0.7-1.0 Diammonium phosphate 0.5-1.5 Sodium sulfate 0.3-0.5 Table salt 0.8 -1.0 Premix 0.5-1.0 (See Auth. St. N 540620, class A23K 1/16, 1976).

The disadvantages of the analogue include the limited raw material base for the production of this feed, for which it is necessary to have components that are scarce for agriculture.

Known feed for dairy cows (RU 2 192 144 C2) which includes grain (barley, oats) - 30-40%, bran (wheat, oat) - 15-20%, wheat flour - 5-10%, beet pulp - 10-20%, rapeseed meal - 10-20%, molasses - 4.0-6.0%), minerals - 3.0-4.0%, vegetable oil - 0-1.0%, histidine - 0.01-0.02%.

The disadvantages of this feed include a relatively limited source of feed additives, which may not be available in the required quantities in a given agriculture; in addition, the cost of such feed will be high.

It is also known to use technical production waste as feed additives - rapeseed and sunflower cake, wheat bran, brewer's grain, flaxseed, sunflower and soybean meal, beet sugar production waste - beet pulp and molasses (see Maksakov V.O. and Gusak B.S. Chemical composition and nutritional value of feed (Kharkov, 1982, pp. 51-59).

The disadvantages of this feed include a relatively limited source of feed additives, which may not be available in the required quantities in a given agriculture.

A feed additive for cows is also known, which is used as waste from the production of nutritional yeast - centrate (see author's book N 1454357, class A23K 1/00, 1989).

The disadvantages of this analogue include the limited source of feed additive - only waste from the production of nutritional yeast and the fact that this product is perishable.

Feed for cows is also known, containing meadow hay (3 kg), barley straw (4 kg), corn silage (16 kg) and grain mixture (1.8 kg) (Gumenyuk G.D. et al. Use of industrial and agricultural waste in animal husbandry (Kyiv: Urozhay, 1983, pp. 36-38).

The disadvantages of the analogue include a limited source of feed, a number of components of which may not be available on a given farm in the required quantity, for example, for the winter.

A known feed additive for cattle, including magnesium chloride, contains magnesium chloride in the form of bischofite powder and additionally table salt, protein feed of animal origin - meat flour, glycine and potassium iodide in the following ratio of components, wt. %:

Bishofite powder - 40.0

Table salt - 35,986

Protein feed of animal origin - meat flour - 22.0

Glycine - 2.0

Potassium iodide - 0.014 (RF Patent No. 2203560, published 05/10/2003).

The disadvantages of this invention is the introduction into its composition of such a component as meat flour, which is food of animal origin, which entails an increase in the cost of production.

A feed product for cattle is known, including corn cobs, sunflower cake, corn turf, a mineral additive, wherein the feed product additionally contains sunflower phosphatides, natural bischofite (brine), and as a mineral additive - a preservative - sulfur-containing waste from the production of carbon tetrachloride with the following ratio of components, wt. %:

Corn cobs - 20.0-75.0

Sunflower cake - 11.0-30.0

Corn shred - 10.0-45.0

Sunflower phosphatides - 2.0-3.0

Natural bischofite (brine) - 1.8

Preservative - sulfur-containing waste from the production of carbon tetrachloride - 0.2 (RF Patent No. 2182439, published 05/20/2002).

The disadvantage of this invention is the use of a mineral additive in the form of a preservative - sulfur-containing waste from the production of carbon tetrachloride, because this component is a product of chemical production. Its presence in this composition worsens the quality of the product.

A granulated feed additive from secondary winemaking products for farm animals is known (Patent for invention KZ A4 27584 A23K 1/06 (2006.01), taken as a prototype, including a crushed mixture of grape pomace and wheat bran, chalk, table salt, feed shungite, wheat germ, corn gluten, and the resulting mixture is granulated at a steam pressure of 0.25-0.30 MPa.

The disadvantage of the prototype is that the nutritional value of the feed additive is not high enough.

The technical result achieved by the proposed invention is to increase the nutritional value of feed using secondary grape processing products.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the protein-vitamin mineral additive to feed for young cows "PROVIN", including components of wheat and corn, crushed grape pomace, according to the claimed invention, additionally contains a protein concentrate from the larvae of Hermetia Illucens flies (black soldier fly), sunflower meal , a component of barley, while the components of wheat, barley and corn form a mixture of grains in the following ratio, wt. %:

- wheat 49 -51;

- barley 29-31;

- corn - the rest,

and grape marc crushed into flour are presented in the ratio, wt. %:

- flour from crushed white grape marc 35 - 65;

- flour from crushed red grape marc - the rest,

in this case, the complete composition of the protein-vitamin mineral additive to feed for young cows has the following ratio of ingredients, wt. %:

- mixture of grains 19-21;

- protein concentrate from larvae of Hermetia Illucens 19-21 flies;

- sunflower meal 19-21;

- flour from crushed marc of red and white grape varieties - the rest;

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that in the method of using the claimed protein-vitamin mineral additive to feed for young cows, according to the invention, the specified feed additive is mixed into the feed of the main diet at the rate of 65 g per head per day.

A comparative analysis of the proposed solution with known feed additives allows us to conclude that it meets the “NOVELTY” criterion, since as a result of the patent information search, the proposed set of essential features of the invention was not found.

A comparison of the claimed technical solution with known ones made it possible to identify features that are not obvious to industry specialists due to the synergistic technical result achieved by the entire set of essential features. This allows us to conclude that the proposed technical solution meets the “INVENTIONAL LEVEL” criterion.

The claimed technical solution meets the “INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY” criterion, since it can be used when feeding cows in existing enterprises.

The proposed method makes it possible to obtain a feed additive with a higher nutritional value and a long shelf life.

When processing grapes, a significant amount of waste is obtained: grape marc (skins and seeds), which are currently not fully used. Therefore, one of the promising areas in feed production is the use of secondary winemaking resources. Grape flour from red and white grape varieties is a source of nutrients, macro-microelements and amino acids, which can allow their use to balance the diets of farm animals, birds and fish.

The results of our analysis of the physical and chemical composition of grape flour from pomace of red and white varieties, carried out by us at the Argus testing center (FGBNU KNTsZV), are reflected in Table 1.

For the above studies, flour was taken from the main technical grape varieties grown in the Krasnodar Territory: red grape varieties - cabernet, merlot, saperavi, presented in equal quantities, and white grape varieties - riesling, chardonnay, sauvignon blanc, pervonets, taken in equal quantities.

Evaluating the results obtained, it can be argued that grape flour of both light and dark varieties is rich in protein, fiber, micro- and macroelements. The value of secondary winemaking resources is also determined by their amino acid composition.

One of the proposed components of the feed additive is the high-protein Hermetia Protein Concentrate produced by EcoBelok LLC, obtained from the larvae of Hermetia Illucens flies. Black soldier fly larvae are capable of processing a wide range of substrates, such as agricultural by-products and organic waste of animal or plant origin. In addition, the uniqueness of this animal species lies in the fact that it is available at all stages of ontogenesis, which expands the possibilities of its use. All products obtained from organic raw materials (waste) (maggot larva, pupa, pest fly, zoohumus) are in demand as a source of proteins and fats for animals, and can be used as semi-finished products for further deep processing.

Studies to determine the physicochemical composition of dried Hermetia illucens larvae were carried out at the Argus testing center (FGBNU KSCZV), their results are reflected in Table 2.

Black soldier fly larvae are a good source of protein and fat, amino acids, calcium and phosphorus for animal feeding.

To achieve the technical result of the invention, an experimental composition of the feed additive was developed

with the following ratio of components, wt. %:

Grain mixture - 20.0

protein concentrate from Hermetia Illucens fly larvae - 20.0

Sunflower meal - 20.0

grape flour - 40.0

The grain mixture contains 50% wheat, 30% barley, 20% corn. Grape flour is produced from secondary winemaking waste of red and white grape varieties in equal proportions.

As a protein concentrate from the larvae of Hermetia Illucens flies, the protein concentrate “Hermetia” produced by EcoBelok LLC was used.

The declared quantitative characteristics of the components were selected experimentally. The range of values ensures the production of a balanced feed additive for cattle. A decrease or increase in the specified quantitative range entails a change in the characteristics of the declared feed additive.

The physicochemical composition of the resulting feed additive is reflected in Table 3.

Experimental studies were carried out on two groups of 3-month-old heifers of the black-and-white breed, 20 heads each. Animals were selected into groups according to the principle of analogous pairs, taking into account age, health status, and live weight. The experiment was carried out for 3 months. During the experiment, the conditions of housing and care for all groups of experimental cows were the same. Animals in the control group were fed the general diet accepted on the farm, and animals in the experimental group were fed the same general diet with the addition of the declared combined feed additive. The preparation of the feed additive was carried out by mixing the declared components in the declared quantities. The feed additive was added to the main diet at the rate of 65 g per head per day.

The results of studies of the weight gain of experimental heifers of the compared groups are reflected in Table 4 and indicate that the use of the tested feed additive in the diet had a positive effect on the average daily weight gain (ADG).

These data allow us to conclude that the increase in the average daily weight gain of heifers was due to an increase in the nutritional value of the feed due to the addition of the claimed protein-vitamin-mineral supplement using secondary grape processing products. Thus, the declared technical result of the invention has been achieved.

Claims (7)

1. Protein-vitamin mineral additive to feed for young cows, including components of wheat and corn, crushed grape pomace, characterized in that it additionally contains a protein concentrate from the larvae of Hermetia Illucens flies, sunflower meal, a barley component, and components of wheat, barley and corn form a mixture of grains in the following ratio, wt.%: wheat 49-51 barley 29-31 corn rest, and grape marc crushed into flour are presented in the ratio, wt.%: ground pomace flour white grape variety 35-65 ground pomace flour red grape variety rest, Moreover, the complete composition of the protein-vitamin mineral supplement to feed for young cows has the following ratio of ingredients, wt.%: mixture of grains 19-21 protein concentrate from larvae flies Hermetia illucens 19-21 sunflower meal 19-21 ground pomace flour white and red grape varieties rest 2. The method of using a protein-vitamin mineral additive to feed for young cows according to claim 1, characterized in that the specified feed additive for young cows is added to the main diet at the rate of 65 g per head per day.