RU2260988C2 - Method for feeding of young pigs - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: animal farming, in particular, feeding of young animals.

SUBSTANCE: method involves feeding balanced ration including barley, feed wheat, wheat grits, soya groats, grass flour, fish flour, dried fat-free milk, defluorinated phosphate, chalk, salt, premix; additionally introducing pea, sugar, soya oil cake, sunflower oil, lysine, corn gluten, with corn gluten being introduced into ration for pigs of 21-42 days age in an amount 12.9-25.3%, for 61-130 days aged pigs in an amount of 11.6-23.2% by daily demand of crude protein.

EFFECT: reduced production costs of swine breeding products, and improved retention of livestock.

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Description

The invention relates to animal husbandry, in particular to the feeding of farm animals.

Known feed products (R.Zh. 04 Biology. Section 04I Zoology. 04I8 Biology of agricultural animals. VINITI, - No. 10, - 1998, 04I8.342) - industrial waste of starch processing: pulp, germ, gluten (gluten, maizeen, maisolin), extract and starch. The use of corn gluten is possible in feeding animals, however, the norms for introducing this feed into animal diets are not given, which complicates its practical use.

Also known is a method of feeding piglets and pigs (R.J. 04 Biology. Section 04I Zoology. 04I8 Biology of agricultural animals. VINITI, No. 9, - 1998, 04I8.272), which provides for the introduction of animals with live weight 20-50 kg and 50-100 kg of corn gluten in an amount of up to 20% by weight of feed. However, this method cannot be used in feeding pigs with a live weight of up to 20 kg, and the amount of corn gluten in the diet is not related to the animal’s need for crude protein, which makes it difficult to balance the diet with basic nutrients.

The use of corn gluten in diets for suckling pigs is known (Moshkutelo I.I., Bagirov V.A., Epifanov V.G. et al. Compound feed for pigs with a reduced specific gravity of grain and animal feed. Methodical recommendations. VNIIS. - M .: 2000), however, there are no recommendations on the use of corn gluten in the diets of young pigs.

The closest in essence to the proposed method of feeding is the method of feeding piglets (Compound feed, feed additives and milk replacer for animals (composition and use). Reference book. Krokhina VA, Kalashnikov AP, Fisinin VI and others. Under Edited by V.A. Krokhina - Agropromizdat, 1990. - P.126), which provides for the use of a diet of the following composition, wt.%: barley - 44.7, feed wheat - 16.0, wheat bran - 8.0, soybean meal - 6.5, grass flour - 12.0, fish meal - 3.5, skimmed milk powder - 2.0, fodder yeast - 2.0, fodder fat - 2.8, deflated phosphate - 1.0, chalk - 0 6, salt - 0.4, premix P 51-1 - 0.5.

The technical result of the proposed solution is to increase the safety of the livestock, while reducing the cost of obtaining 1 kg of gain in live weight.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of feeding young pigs, which involves feeding a balanced diet containing barley, feed wheat, wheat bran, soybean meal, grass flour, fish flour, skimmed milk powder, defluorinated phosphate, chalk, salt, is additionally introduced into the diet premix KS-3/1, peas, sugar, soybean cake, sunflower oil, lysine, corn gluten and the latter is introduced into the diet for pigs aged 21-42 days in the amount of 12.9-25.3%, 43-60 days in the amount 12.4-24.8%, 61-130 days in the amount of 11.6-23.2% of weft cheese protein needs, with the following component ratio, wt.%:

Skimmed milk powder Up to 10.2 Peas 5.6-11.3 Feed wheat 6.5-26.8 Soybean meal Up to 7.3 Wheat bran Up to 6.4 Corn gluten 3.2-11.0 Fish meal Up to 5.3 Sugar Up to 4.0 Grass flour Up to 3.0 Soybean meal Up to 2.9 Defluorinated Phosphate 1.0-1.9 Premix KS-3/1 0.5-1.0 Sunflower oil Up to 0.8 a piece of chalk 0.4-0.7 Salt Up to 0.4 Lysine Up to 0.2 Barley Rest

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in the proposed method for feeding young pigs with a diet based on barley, wheat, peas and other feeds, corn gluten is used, which is an inexpensive and affordable feed with a high protein content, which allows you to balance the diets for young pigs in compliance with detailed feeding standards, and get high zootechnical and economic results. At the same time, the cost of production is reduced due to the cheapening of the diet, as well as by increasing the return on feed.

The invention is illustrated by examples of specific performance.

4 groups of piglets of large white breed at the age of 21 days, 50 animals each, are formed by the method of analog groups. The average weight of animals is 4.0 kg.

From the 21st to the 130th day of age, animals of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th experimental groups received corn gluten as an additional source of protein in the diet, the amount of which was determined depending on the age of the pigs and on their need for protein (table 1), with the content crude protein 60%, and piglets 1 of the control group received fish meal as an additional protein source, with a crude protein content of 62%.

The introduction of corn gluten as a source of protein, which is a cheaper feed compared to animal sources of protein and balancing the diet, taking into account the age and need for protein, ensures the high growth rate of piglets, while reducing the cost of feed per unit of production, in addition, the safety of the livestock and the lethal yield increase, i.e. product quality improves.

Table 1
Raw protein diets Group number Age,
days Daily requirement for crude protein, g The amount of crude protein diet provided by corn gluten The extreme values of the age period Age Age Average g % of need 1 control 21-42 87-118 103 - - 43-60 119-171 145 - - 61-130 172-278 225 - - 2 experienced 21-42 87-118 103 6.4 6.2 43-60 119-171 145 8.7 6.0 61-130 172-278 225 12.8 5.7 3 experienced 21-42 87-118 103 13.3 12.9 43-60 119-171 145 18.0 12,4 61-130 172-278 225 26.1 11.6 4 experienced 21-42 87-118 103 26.1 25.3 43-60 119-171 145 36.0 24.8 61-130 172-278 225 52,2 23,2

The results of the experiments are presented in table 2. The compositions of the diets used in the experiment are shown in table 3, and their nutritional value in table 4.

The tests showed that the introduction into the diet of young pigs of barley, feed wheat, bran, soybean meal, grass flour, fish flour, skimmed milk powder, defluorinated phosphate, chalk, salt and additionally premix KS-3/1, peas, sugar, oilcake soybean, sunflower oil, lysine and corn gluten in the range specified in the claims, reduces the cost of the diet (the cost of 1 kg of feed is reduced by 6.1-11.3%), reduces the cost of feed per 1 kg of growth, while maintaining the growth rate, which accordingly decreases There is a prime cost of production. In addition, the slaughter yield is increased by 1.4% and the safety is increased by 8.1-11.5%.

table 2
The results of using the method of feeding young pigs Indicators Groups 1 2 3 4 Live weight at the beginning of the experiment, kg 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.0 Live weight at the end of the experiment, kg 47.6 47.5 47.8 46.7 The gain in live weight: gross, kg 43.6 43.5 43.7 42.7                     daily average, g 396 395 397 388 The cost of feed per 1 kg of increase in live weight, kg 3.02 3.04 3.05 3.01 The average daily feed intake, kg 1,209 1,214 1,221 1,179 Preservation,% 78.1 83.9 84,4 87.1 Slaughter yield,% 78.3 78.9 79,4 79,4 The cost of 1 kg of feed, rubles. 6.39 6.23 6.00 5.67 The cost spent on 1 kg increase in live weight of feed, rubles 19.30 18.94 18.30 17.07

A decrease in the amount of corn gluten in the diet relative to the given values will increase the cost of the diet due to the need to balance it with more expensive protein ingredients while maintaining the level of productivity, which is not economically profitable; a decrease in the amount of corn gluten in the diet will lead to protein imbalance and, consequently, to a decrease in productivity.

A decrease in the quantitative content of ingredients in the diet relative to the proposed values will lead to a significant decrease in average daily growths, and their increase in productivity growth with a significant increase in feed costs per 1 kg of live weight gain.

The second group and the unit values of ingredients indicated for it are not the subject of the invention of the proposed method for feeding young pigs, but confirm the effectiveness of the combination of essential features proposed in the claims.

Claims (1)

A method of feeding young pigs, which involves feeding a balanced diet containing barley, feed wheat, soybean meal, wheat bran, grass flour, fish flour, skimmed milk powder, defluorinated phosphate, chalk, salt, premix, characterized in that the premix is used as a premix KS-3/1, and peas, sugar, sunflower oil, soybean cake, lysine, corn gluten are additionally added to the diet and the latter is introduced into the diet for pigs aged 21-42 days in the amount of 12.9-25.3%, 43- 60 days - in the amount of 12.4-24.8%, 61-130 days - in to the amount of 11.6-23.2% of the daily requirement for crude protein in the following ratio of components, wt.%: Skimmed milk powder Up to 10.2 Peas 5.6-11.3 Feed wheat 6.5-26.8 Soybean meal Up to 7.3 Wheat bran Up to 6.4 Corn gluten 3.2-11.0 Fish meal Up to 5.3 Sugar Up to 4.0 Grass flour Up to 3.0 Soybean meal Up to 2.9 Defluorinated Phosphate 1.0-1.9 Premix KS-3/1 0.5-1.0 Sunflower oil Up to 0.8 a piece of chalk 0.4-0.7 Salt Up to 0.4 Lysine Up to 0.2 Barley Rest