RU2647717C1 - Concentrate from oil seeds for pigs - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to feeding farm animals, in particular young pigs during growing period, and is intended for use in agriculture, forage production, at feed mills, industrial pig-breeding complexes, collective farms and farms. Concentrate from oilseeds for pigs includes fried and floured flaxseed oil seeds, seeds of double-rape (00 rapeseed) and biologically active substances – antioxidant Oksikap, emulsifier Lysofort – 0,8 and bentonite. All components are taken at specified ratio.

EFFECT: feeding concentrate provides balanced feeding of pigs and allows improving productivity and conversion of feed in pigs.

1 cl, 4 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to the feeding of farm animals, in particular young pigs during the growing period, and is intended for use in agriculture, feed production, feed mills, industrial pig farms, collective and farms.

The structure of diets for feeding pigs in Russia is based on wheat and barley. Without high levels of fat intake, they are deficient in energy, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and do not allow rational use of animal feed protein, since part of it is spent to fill the body's energy needs. For modern industrial pig breeding this is an urgent problem. Therefore, various vegetable oils are used to enrich pig diets. However, the practical use of such oils is problematic due to the lack of adaptability in the production of animal feed, especially in small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises that do not have special equipment for this.

Recently, a number of feed additives have been proposed that can eliminate this problem. In particular, for use in animal husbandry it is proposed to use oilseed flaxseeds and double-rapeseed seeds (00 rapeseed) not only as energy sources, but also as essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (AE Chikov et al.: “Use of fat additives in pigs and birds ”, Krasnodar, 2012, p. 73-77). In the patent of the Russian Federation No.2010535, IPC A23K 1/00, publ. 04/15/1994, a solution is described that proposes to feed animals with rapeseed, pre-treated to eliminate anti-nutritional substances. It is proposed to add oilseeds - flax and rapeseed as a fat product in bakery products to increase the biological value (RF patent No. 2345531, IPC A21D 8/02, A21D 2/36, published on 02/10/2009, bull. No. 4). The composition of the energy protein concentrate is also known, including a mixture of rapeseed and pea seeds in a ratio of 40:60 (RF patent No. 2543273 IPC A23K 1/00, publ. 02.27.2015). A significant drawback of these solutions is the use of valuable food components, such as peas, and an incomplete balance of polyunsaturated fatty acids.

The objective of the invention is to create a cheap concentrate from oilseeds, containing affordable protein and fat of vegetable origin, with an optimal ratio of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids, as well as biologically active substances of a new generation, which can significantly increase its feed properties.

To solve this problem, an oilseed concentrate for pigs (KMK) is proposed, which includes oilseed flax seeds fried and ground in flour, two-zero rape seeds (00 rape) and biologically active substances of a new generation that improve the quality of the concentrate, taken in the following mass ratios. %: oilseed flax seeds - 75; rapeseed seeds - 18.5; antioxidant - oxycap - 0.7; emulsifier - lisofort - 0.8; bentonite - 5.0.

A distinctive feature of the proposed concentrate is the technological processing of oilseed and 00 rapeseed seeds to eliminate anti-nutritional substances in them, which increases the feed value. Oilseed flaxseed and 00 rapeseed are an affordable source of biologically valuable polyunsaturated fatty acids Omega-3 and Omega-6, which improve metabolism, increase the immune status of animals. The processing of flax and rapeseed seeds is carried out in a facility protected by RF patent No. 2556899, IPC A23B 9/02, publ. 07/20/2015. Bull. No. 20. The concentrate contains an antioxidant (oxycap), which enhances its antioxidant properties, bentonite as a filler, for better absorption of lipids, lysofort - a fat emulsifier that allows better absorption of lipids. The qualitative composition of the concentrate is presented in table 1.

A comparative analysis of the proposed composition of the concentrate with known feed compositions revealed the features that distinguish our solution from the known ones. This gave reason to conclude that the claimed concentrate meets the criterion of "inventive step" and meets the concept of "industrial applicability", as it can be used in large pig-breeding complexes and feed mills.

Example. The effectiveness of this concentrate in full-feed mixed feeds of growing piglets is established. For the experiment, two groups of young pigs of large white breed, 10 animals each, with an average live weight of 35.6-35.9 kg, were selected on the basis of analogues. The living conditions of the experimental young animals were the same, according to the technology adopted at the pig farm, with a group of 10 animals in a machine, feeding with dry compound feed twice a day, drinking water from car drinkers. The control group of animals received complete feed, constantly used on the farm, and the experimental group received mixed feed of the same composition, but with a new concentrate. In feed, this additive was 1% by weight. Compound feed recipes are presented in table 2.

During the 58 days of the experimental period, no significant differences were found between the groups in the consumption of animal feed, their eatability in both groups was good. During the experiment, no digestive disorders were noted.

Biochemical blood tests showed that all animals had a fairly high level of protein, carbohydrate and mineral metabolism. All blood counts corresponded to the physiological norm for piglets. However, a higher blood lipid content was observed in experimental animals, which is probably due to the better digestibility of fats from animal feed, in which the proposed concentrate was introduced.

According to the results of weighing the animals, the increase in live weight and the cost of feed for products were calculated (table 3).

The data in the table show that the average daily gain of animals from the experimental group with the new concentrate was no worse than the control indicators receiving complete feed (564 against 510 g).

The average daily gains in the experimental group exceeded the control animals by 54 g or 10.4%, and the cost of feed for the products was 7.1% lower.

It has been established that the use of concentrate as part of compound feeds ensures high productivity in raising pigs.

It has been established that the use of concentrate as part of compound feeds ensures high productivity in raising pigs.

At a direct cost to the funds, the economic efficiency of using the concentrate created on the basis of vegetable protein, fat and biologically active substances of a new generation (tab. 4) was calculated.

^x ) the cost of 1 kg of live weight at the market price in 2017 is 100 rubles.

Due to the greater increase in the experimental group compared with the control, the result is an economic effect per piglet in the amount of 184 rubles.

Thus, the proposed concentrate has a more optimal composition of components, a set of biologically active substances, which provides balanced feeding and allows you to get good performance and feed conversion. The new concentrate contains not only protein, but also fats with the optimal composition of polyunsaturated fatty acids, it is technologically advanced, it can be introduced instead of vegetable oils in animal feed and directly in farms and animal feed plants.

Claims (1)

Oilseed concentrate for pigs, including oilseed flax seeds roasted and ground in flour, two-zero rapeseed seeds and biologically active substances of a new generation, taken in the following ratios, mass. %: oilseed flax seeds - 75; rapeseed seeds - 18.5; antioxidant - oxycap - 0.7; emulsifier - lisofort - 0.8; bentonite - 5.0.