RU2579270C1 - Concentrate of leguminous crops for young pigs - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: animal breeding.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to farm animals, namely to concentrate of leguminous crops for young pigs. Concentrate involves autoclaved full-fat soya bean, Lupine decorticated extruded, indispensable amino acids, fish oil and biologically active substances. Components are taken at the following ratios, wt%: autoclaved full-fat soya bean - 55; Lupine Decorticated extruded - 39; lysine (98 % of active substance) - 3; DL-methionine (99 %) - 1; L-threonine (98 %) - 1; cod-liver oil - 0.246; zinc bioplex (15 %) - 0.060; “Ioddar” - 0.060; “Sel-Plex” preparation - 0.030; vitamin B₄ (60 %) - 0.300; vitamin B₁₂ (1 %) - 0.004; L-carnitine (50 %) - 0.200; emulsifier lisofort - 0.080; antioxidant endox - 0.020.

EFFECT: invention usage allows to produce balanced food product for animals.

1 cl, 4 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to the feeding of farm animals, in particular young pigs during the growing period, and is intended for use in agriculture, feed production, feed mills, industrial pig farms, collective and farms.

Currently, in connection with the shortage and rise in price of fishmeal, an alternative is being sought - replacing it with more affordable and cheaper feeds and concentrates of plant origin.

For modern industrial pig breeding this is a very urgent problem. In particular, the well-known supplement replacing animal protein is the “Well-Pro” yeast extract (S. S. Mavlitov, M. M. Valiev, R. G. Ismailov, A. Ya. Yakhin / “Well-Pro” fish meal substitute // Pig production. - 2011. - No. 2. - P. 50-51), Soycomil soy protein concentrate is widely known (Y. Dersdzhant-Lee, T. Guselnikova, RV Nekrasov, MG Chabaev, VN Vinogradov et al. / Soy protein concentrate in compound feeds for young pigs // Pig production. - 2011. - No. 7. - S. 26-28). Additives for pig breeding are proposed, incorporating vegetable protein RU No. 2372791; A23K 1/00; A23K 1/16, 2006; RU No. 2391025. We previously proposed a composition of the concentrate, including vegetable proteins of soy, lupine and corn gluten (Shulaev G.M., Engovatov V.F., Betin A.N., Milushev R.K. Concentrate from vegetable protein - an alternative to fish meal // Pig production. - 2014. - No. 4. - P. 73-74), not inferior in quality and productive effect to fishmeal: bean-gluten concentrate (BGK).

A significant drawback of most of the listed additives and concentrates is the presence of expensive components (yeast feed, corn gluten, soybean meal), incomplete balance of individual vitamins, microelements and specific factors inherent in fishmeal, and a very complicated preparation process.

The objective of the invention is the creation of such a concentrate, which contains affordable protein and fat of vegetable origin, as well as biologically active substances of a new generation, allowing to bring it closer to the fish meal in terms of feed properties.

To solve this problem, a bean concentrate is proposed for young pigs, including autoclaved full-fat soybean, extruded husked lupine, essential amino acids, fish oil and a new generation of biologically active substances that improve the quality of additives taken in the following ratios,%: autoclaved soybean full-fat - 55 ; extruded husked lupine - 39; lysine (98% - for active substance) - 3; DL-methionine (99%) - 1; L-threonine (98%) - 1; fish oil - 0.246; Zinc bioplex (15%) - 0.060; Yoddar - 0.060; Sel-Plex - 0.030; Vitamin B ₄ (60%) - 0.300; vitamin B ₁₂ (1%) - 0.004; L-carnitine (50%) - 0.200; emulsifier-lisofort - 0,080; antioxidant endox - 0.020.

Distinctive features of the proposed technical solution are: technological processing of seeds of full-fat soybean by the barothermic method (patent RU 2097130; dated 03/27/2001) and the extrusion of husked lupine, which increase their feed value, the selection of protein components with similar properties harmonizes the aminogram of the concentrate, gives a synergistic effect (due to full-fat soy and lupine). An expensive component is excluded from its composition - corn gluten, the content of lupine and soy is increased, combined with fish oil, these components are an affordable source of biologically valuable polyunsaturated fatty acids Omega-3 and Omega-6, which improve metabolism and increase the immune status of animals.

In the concentrate, the antioxidant complex is enhanced due to the introduction of Sel-Plex (the organic form of selenium), the dosage of the bioplex of iodine, which is lacking in feed, is increased. Comparative characteristics are given in table 1.

The table shows that for most major quality indicators, the proposed concentrate has an advantage. It contains more lysine, iron, zinc, manganese, iodine and selenium, as well as vitamins (E, B ₁ B ₂ , B ₃ , B ₄ , B ₅ ).

A comparative analysis of the proposed composition with the previously proposed revealed signs that distinguish this concentrate from the known ones, which allowed us to conclude that the proposed solution meets the criterion of "inventive step" and meets the concept of "industrial applicability", as it can be used in feed mills.

Example. The proposed concentrate was tested in the diets of farmed piglets. The control group of animals received complete feed with the previously tested bean-gluten concentrate, and the experimental one received mixed feed of the same composition, but with improved. In the feed, these concentrates were introduced in an amount of 5%.

The living conditions of the experimental young animals were the same, according to the technology adopted at the pig farm, with a group of 10 animals in a machine, feeding with dry compound feed twice a day, drinking water from car drinkers.

Within 90 days of the experimental period, no significant differences between the groups in the consumption of compound feeds were found, their eatability in both groups was good. During the experiment, no digestive disorders were noted. The same number of anaerobic bacteria, representatives of normal microflora, were found in the intestines of animals of both groups. Salmonella and other pathogenic bacteria were not found.

Conducted biochemical blood tests showed that all animals had a fairly high level of protein and mineral metabolism. All blood counts corresponded to the physiological norm for piglets of 4 months of age. However, a higher lipid content was noted in experimental animals, which is associated with better digestibility of fats from animal feed, in which the proposed concentrate was introduced. This is also indicated by a higher coefficient of digestibility of fat (table 2).

Digestibility of feed was in both groups at a high level. It can be noted that the animals of the experimental group better digested protein by 0.6%, fat and fiber by 0.8%.

According to the results of weighing the animals, the increase in live weight and the cost of feed for products were calculated (table 3).

The table shows that the average daily increase in animals of the experimental group was not worse than the indicators receiving bean-gluten concentrate in the feed. Replacing scarce and expensive corn gluten completely with legumes (soy and lupine) favorably affected the usefulness of feeding, animal productivity and feed conversion. Differences in favor of the experimental group were in the average daily increase of 1.8%, and in feed conversion by 0.9%.

At a direct cost to the funds, the cost-effectiveness of using various enrichment concentrates created on the basis of plant-based protein (soy, lupine and corn gluten) was calculated (table 4).

Due to the lower price of the proposed concentrate compared to bean-gluten, the cost of feed decreases, the increase in live weight increases, which ultimately provides an economic effect per piglet in the amount of 130.03 rubles.

Thus, the proposed feed concentrate has a more optimal composition of plant components, a set of biologically active substances, providing balanced feeding and allowing to obtain indicators of productivity and feed conversion is not worse than compound feeds with fish meal.

Claims (1)

Bean concentrate for young pigs, including autoclaved full-fat soybean, extruded husked lupine, essential amino acids, fish oil and biologically active substances, taken in the following ratios, mass. %: autoclaved soybean full-fat - 55; extruded husked lupine - 39; lysine (98% by active substance) - 3; DL-methionine (99%) - 1; L-threonine (98%) - 1; fish oil - 0.246; zinc bioplex (15%) - 0.060; Yoddar - 0.060; Sel-Plex - 0.030; Vitamin B ₄ (60%) - 0.300; vitamin B ₁₂ (1%) - 0.004; L-carnitine (50%) - 0.200; emulsifier lisofort - 0,080; antioxidant endox - 0.020.