RU2621317C1 - Bean-sunflower concentrate for pigs - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: bean-sunflower concentrate for pigs includes extruded full-fat soybean; husked extruded lupine; Protemil; 98% lysine; 99% DL-methionine; 98% L-threonine; flaxseed oil; 15% zinc Bioplex; Yoddar; Sel-Plex; vitamin B₄ 60%; vitamin B₁₂ 1%; 50% L-carnitine; emulsifier-lisofort; the antioxidant endox.

EFFECT: feeding with full-value fodder concentrate ensures full-value feeding, which allows to obtain high productivity and conversion of fodder in animals.

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Description

The invention relates to the feeding of farm animals, in particular pigs during the growing period, and is intended for use in agriculture: in fodder production, feed mills, industrial pig-breeding complexes, collective and farms.

Currently, due to the shortage and significant appreciation of fishmeal, the appearance of falsified products on the market, an alternative is being sought - replacing it with more affordable and cheap plant-based feeds with a high protein content.

In modern industrial pig breeding this is a very urgent problem. To solve it, protein-vitamin supplements are proposed (A. Zakharyan, Efficiency of replacing fishmeal protein with vegetable in the diets of young pigs / A.G. Zakharyan. Abstract of the dissertation of the candidate of agricultural sciences. - Krasnodar, 1991, 24 pp. ) A well-known supplement replacing animal protein is the “Well-Pro” yeast extract (S. S. Mavlitov, M. M. Valiev, R. G. Ismailov, A. Ya. Yakhin / “Well-Pro” - a substitute for fish meal // Pig production. - 2011. - No. 2. - P. 50-51), Soycomil soy protein concentrate is widely known (Y. Dersdzhant-Lee, T. Guselnikova, RV Nekrasov, MG Chabaev, VN Vinogradov et al. / Soy protein concentrate in feed for young pigs // Pig production. - 2011. - No. 7. - S. 26-28).

A substitute for the protein ingredients of compound feeds has been developed for protests (L. Reznichenko and others. The effectiveness of the use of protest in pig breeding // Bulletin of the Voronezh State Agrarian University. - 2015. - No. 3 (46). - P. 76-80). Additives for pig farming are proposed, incorporating vegetable protein RU No. 2372791; A23K 1/00; A23K 1/16; application: 2008127773/13, 07/10/2008, published November 20, 2009 RU No. 2391025; A23K 1/00; A23K 1/16; application: 2008150673/13, 12.23.2008, published 10.06.2010.

The known composition of the additive, including vegetable proteins of soy, lupine and corn gluten (Shulaev G.M., Engovatov V.F., Betin A.N., Milushev R.K. Concentrate from vegetable protein - an alternative to fish meal // Pig production. - 2014. - No. 4. - P. 73-74), not inferior in quality and productive effect to fishmeal: bean-gluten concentrate.

A significant drawback of most of these additives is the presence of expensive components (yeast feed, potato protein, corn gluten, soybean meal) and anti-nutritional factors, incomplete balance of individual essential amino acids, vitamins, trace elements and specific factors inherent in fish meal.

The objective of the invention is the creation of raw materials, purified by technological processing of anti-nutritional substances, cheap concentrate, which contains affordable protein and fat of vegetable origin, as well as biologically active substances of a new generation, allowing to bring it as close as possible to fishmeal in terms of feed properties.

To solve this problem, a bean-sunflower concentrate (BOD) for pigs is proposed, which includes extruded full-fat soy, extruded husked lupine, sunflower protein concentrate - Protemil, essential amino acids, linseed oil and biologically active substances of a new generation that improve its quality, taken in the following ratios %: soya full-fat extruded - 45.0; extruded husked lupine - 18.5; Protemil - 30.0; lysine (98%) - 3.0; DL-methionine (99%) - 1.3; L-threonine (98%) - 1.0; linseed oil - 0.3; Zinc bioplex (15%) - 0.060; Yoddar - 0.10; Sel-Plex - 0.10; Vitamin B ₄ (60%) - 0.300; vitamin B ₁₂ (1%) - 0.01; L-carnitine (50%) - 0.200; emulsifier-lisofort - 0,080; antioxidant endox - 0.05.

Distinctive features of the proposed technical solution are: technological processing of seeds of full-fat soybean on an PE-1250U extruder and extruding husked lupine, which increase their feed value, the inclusion of Protemil obtained by cleaning sunflower meal from fiber, chlorogenic acid, non-starch polysaccharides and other anti-nutritional substances with an aqueous solution alkali at a temperature of 45-50 ° C for 45-60 minutes. This technology allows you to get a natural, environmentally friendly product with a high protein content of 82.0-85.0% and a complete set of essential amino acids [RF patent No. 2538147; A23J 1/14; A23J 3/14; application 2013142879/10, 09/23/2013; published on January 10, 2015]. The selection of components with similar properties significantly increases the content of complete protein, harmonizes the aminogram in a new concentrate, and gives a synergistic effect. The inclusion of lupine and soy in combination with linseed oil provides the concentrate with affordable sources of biologically valuable polyunsaturated fatty acids Omega-3 and Omega-6, which perform a vitamin function - improve metabolism, increase the immune status of animals.

In the concentrate, the antioxidant complex is strengthened due to the introduction of Sel-Plex (the organic form of selenium), the dosage of iodine bioplex, which is lacking in feed and vitamin B _12, is an important factor in animal feed. It contains significantly more complete protein, more harmonious aminogram and improved complex of biologically active substances, anti-nutritional factors are reduced to a minimum level (due to Protemil). By fodder advantages, bean-sunflower concentrate has become closer to fishmeal. Qualitative characteristics of the concentrate and fish meal are given in table 1.

It can be seen that, according to most of the main quality indicators, the proposed bean-sunflower concentrate has an advantage. It contains a higher content of lysine, iron, zinc, manganese and selenium, as well as a complex of B vitamins (B ₁ , B ₁₁ , B ₁₂ ).

A comparative analysis of the proposed composition with the known revealed the above signs that distinguish this solution from them. This gave reason to conclude that the claimed technical solution meets the criterion of "inventive step" and meets the concept of "industrial applicability", as it can be used in feed mills.

Example. The proposed concentrate was tested in the diets of fattening pigs. The control group of animals received complete feed with fish meal, and the experimental received mixed feed of the same composition, but with the proposed concentrate. In the feed, these additives were introduced in an amount of 4% in the first phase of fattening, and 1% in the final phase.

The living conditions of the experimental young animals were the same, according to the technology adopted at the pig farm: a group of 10 animals in a machine, feeding with dry compound feed twice a day, drinking from car drinkers. The feed components used in the farm were barley, wheat, yellow corn, sunflower meal, mineral feed (monocalcium phosphate, chalk, salt), premix, adsorbent and prebiotic.

During the 61 days of the experimental period, no significant differences were found between the groups in the consumption of animal feed, their eatability in both groups was good. During the experiment, no digestive disorders were noted. The same number of anaerobic bacteria, representatives of normal microflora, were found in the intestines of animals of both groups. Salmonella and other pathogenic bacteria were absent.

The digestibility of feed was in both groups at a high level (table 2).

It can be noted that the animals of the experimental group better digested organic matter by 0.5% and fat by 3%.

Blood tests found that the biologically active complex of the proposed concentrate favorably affected the metabolism. In animals of the experimental group in the blood, the protein content increased by 2.4 g / l and hemoglobin - by 22.1 g / l. This trend was confirmed by the activity of transamination enzymes (aspartic and alanine transaminases - ACT and ALT), as well as alkaline phosphatase activity, which was significantly higher.

According to the results of weighing the animals, the increase in live weight and the cost of feed for products were calculated (table 3).

As can be seen from the table, the average daily growth of experimental pigs was high at the level of 698-708 g and almost the same. This suggests that the proposed concentrate from plant materials is quite complete, provides high productivity and feed conversion, can successfully replace fishmeal in the production of animal feed.

Control slaughter did not establish significant differences between groups in the output of slaughter products. The carcass yield to the live weight of pigs was 69.63-69.98%, and the carcass slaughter yield together with internal fat was quite high - 71.5-71.9%. These indicators comply with the regulatory standard for animals weighing 100.0 kg.

Analyzes showed the high nutritional value of meat (the longest muscle of the back) of the experimental animals: it contained 20.5-21.2% protein and 3.3-3.9% fat. It should be noted some superiority of the meat of the experimental group by 0.7% in protein and a more optimal ratio of protein / fat (coefficient 6.4 versus 5.3 in the control group). At the same time, the meat of the experimental group was distinguished by the best technological and commercial qualities. He had a higher moisture-binding ability by 1.4% and a color intensity of 6 units. extinction, as well as a tasting score (tenderness, juiciness, aroma, taste) in points - 4.6 versus 3.6 in the control.

For direct costs of funds, the economic efficiency of the use of new concentrate in compound feeds was calculated (table 4).

Due to the lower price of the proposed concentrate compared to fishmeal, the cost of feed is reduced, which ultimately provides an economic effect per gilt per 257 rubles.

Thus, the proposed bean-sunflower concentrate has an optimal composition of plant components, a set of biologically active substances, which provides balanced feeding and allows to obtain indicators of productivity and feed conversion at the level of animal feed with fish meal.

Claims (1)

Bean-sunflower concentrate for pigs, including soya full-fat extruded, peeled extruded lupine, protein concentrate of sunflower - Protemil, unrefined linseed oil, essential amino acids and biologically active substances, taken in the following proportions,%: full-fat extruded soy - 45.0; extruded husked lupine - 18.5; Protemil - 30.0; 98% lysine - 3.0; DL-methionine 99% - 1.3; L-threonine 98% - 1.0; linseed oil - 0.3; Zinc bioplex 15% - 0.060; Yoddar - 0.10; Sel-Plex - 0.10; Vitamin B ₄ 60% - 0,300; vitamin B ₁₂ 1% - 0.01; L-carnitine 50% - 0.200; emulsifier-lisofort - 0,080; antioxidant endox - 0.05.