RU2760435C1 - Grinder- feed mixer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering.SUBSTANCE: device belongs to agricultural engineering. A feed chopper-mixer is proposed, comprising a working chamber with a receiving hopper, an unloading chamber with a finger thrower placed in it, and chopping knives on a shaft. In this case, the rotary counter knives, the width of which is 0.8…0.9 of the distance between the grinding knives, have the ability to rotate and fix at an angle from 0° to 90° to the grinding knife.EFFECT: device improves the efficiency of the feed grinding process.1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The device relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to machines for continuous grinding and mixing of feed.

Known feed chopper [1], containing a squeezing drum, a knife drum, grates and scrapers. On the surface of the squeezing drum, there are radially located flanges that pull the stems into the tapering gap between the drum and grate bars and further into the working chamber, and the flanges divide the stems into compressed vertical columns for uniform loading of the knives. Two adjacent flanges, at the moment when they are at the closest distance from the grate, form a trapezoidal working chamber with the grate and the cylindrical surface of the squeezing drum, while the lower end part of the flanges is a counter edge.

The disadvantage of this feed grinder is that additional devices are required to unload the chopped feed mass, which increases the total energy consumption for the feed chopping process.

Known chopper-mixer feed [2], containing a working chamber with a receiving hopper and an unloading chamber with a finger thrower placed in the drink, on the outer radii of which vertically located blades are fixed on the fingers.

The disadvantage of the feed chopper-mixer is that the blades of the thrower are installed with a constant angle of inclination, which increases the energy consumption at idle due to the load on the blades of the thrower from the movement of the air flow in the unloading chamber, and also does not provide a uniform load on the blades of the thrower, which reduces the intensity of unloading feed.

Known chopper-mixer feed [3], consisting of a working chamber with a receiving hopper and an unloading chamber with a finger thrower placed in it, on the outer radii of which the blades are hinged on the fingers, and their center of gravity is shifted to the upper edge.

The disadvantage of this grinder-mixer is that when grinding roughage, the cylindrical shape of the working chamber and the uniform arrangement of the knives in the horizontal plane, in the direction of movement of the material being crushed, leads to an increase in the load on the upper knives, loading the upper part of the working chamber and, ultimately, to reduce the efficiency of grinding.

The prototype of the invention is a forage grinder-mixer [4], containing a working chamber with a receiving hopper, an unloading chamber with a finger thrower placed in it, knives on the shaft and counter knives on the inner surface of the chamber.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the lack of the ability to regulate the intensity of grinding feed due to the time they are in the grinding zone.

The technical objective of the invention is to improve the efficiency of the feed grinding process.

The technical result consists in the fact that in a feed grinder-mixer containing a working chamber 1 with a receiving hopper 2 and an unloading chamber 3 with a finger thrower 4 placed in it, chopping knives 5 on the shaft 6 and rotary counter knives 7 on the inner surface of the working chamber. Rotary counter knives have the ability to rotate and fix at an angle from 0 ° to 90 ° to the chopping knife, and the width of the rotary knife is 0.8 ... 0.9 of the distance between the chopping knives. By changing the working angle of the rotary knife, it is possible to change the residence time of the crushed material in the grinding zone, therefore, to regulate the intensity of the grinding process.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by the diagrams shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3.

The feed chopper-mixer contains a working chamber 1 with a receiving hopper 2, an unloading chamber 3 with a finger thrower 4 placed in it, chopping knives 5 on the shaft 6 and rotary knives 7 on the inner surface of the working chamber. Swiveling counter knives have the ability to rotate and lock at angles from 0 ° to 90 ° to the chopping knife. The width of the rotary knife is 0.8 ... 0.9 of the distance between the chopping knives.

Chopper-mixer of feed works as follows. The feed mixture is loaded into the receiving hopper 2 and under the action of gravity, taking into account the intensity of the impact of the chopping knives 5 and the rotary counter blades 7, it is crushed and moved to the lower part of the working chamber 1, from where it is discharged in the form of chopped feed with a finger thrower 4. To change the intensity of the impact on the feed a mixture of working bodies of the forage grinder-mixer rotary milling knives are rotated and fixed at an angle from 0 ° to 90 ° in relation to the cutting knives. Changing the angle of inclination of the rotary counter knife allows you to adjust the intensity of chopping and reduce the time spent on the feed mixture in the working area of the feed chopper-mixer.

The use of the described device makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the feed grinding process.

List of used literature

1. USSR author's certificate No. 127504, A01F 29/00, publ. 1960.

2. Technical support of processes in animal husbandry: Textbook / V.К. Mushroom, L.S. Gerasimovich, S.S. Beetle, etc. Under total. Ed. VC. Mushroom. - Minsk: Bel. Navuka, 2004 .-- 831 p.

3. Patent No. 2644965, IPC A01F 29/00, F16C 11/00, Chopper - mixer of feed / Shved I.M., Kitun A.V., Perednya V.I., Skorb I.I., Salaev B.K. ., Eviev V.L., Baryshev V.L. Patentee: FGBOU VO "KalmSU", appr. 2017110586, 03/29/2017, publ. 02/15/2018 Bul. No. 5.

4. Patent No. 196834, IPC A01F 29/00. Chopper - mixer of feeds / Ziganshin B.G., Dmitriev A.V., Khaliullin D.T., Kashapov I.I., Gomaa I.M.O., Khaidarov P.P. Patentee: FSBEI VO "Kazan GAU", appr. 2019133125, 17.10.2019, publ. 03/17/2020 Bul. No. 8.

Claims (1)

A feed chopper-mixer containing a working chamber with a receiving hopper, an unloading chamber with a finger thrower placed in it and chopping knives on the shaft, characterized in that the rotary counter-cutting knives, the width of which is 0.8 ... 0.9, the distance between the chopping knives have possibility of rotation and fixation at an angle from 0 ° to 90 ° to the chopping knife.

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