RU225257U1 - FALLEN LEAVE GRINDER - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the design of shredders used in the field of waste processing in urban areas. The device is designed for grinding fallen leaves and sifting the crushed mass into fractions for further use as a sorbent or compost. Technical result: crushing and sifting of fallen leaves, followed by sorting into fractions. The essence of the utility model: the device consists of a housing in which a shaft is located, two rows of blades are located on the middle part of the shaft, and a stirrer is located on the lower part of the shaft. The shaft is driven by an electric motor located in the upper part of the housing. In the upper part of the housing there is a loading hopper for supplying crushed raw materials. At the bottom of the device there is a row of sieves with different mesh sizes, equipped with handles.

Description

The utility model relates to the design of shredders used in the field of agriculture and processing of fallen leaves from trees and shrubs in populated areas. The device is designed for grinding fallen leaves and sifting the crushed mass into fractions for further use as a sorbent or compost.

A known wood and plant waste shredder with two sections with a single drive shaft, in which one section with a cutting apparatus in the form of a toothed roller is intended for chopping branches, the second - with a cutting apparatus in the form of knives mounted on pins and directly on the shaft, is intended for chopping fibrous plant material (Utility model patent of the Russian Federation No. 111967, IPC A01F 29/00 publ. 01/10/2012, bulletin No. 1).

The disadvantage of the considered grinder is that after grinding, the entire mass ends up in the lower part of the hopper, where all types of crushed plant waste (branches and fibrous material) are mixed together, thus there is no possibility of separating the crushed mass into fractions.

A known grinder contains a housing, a drive electric motor, a grinding chamber limited by a cylindrical sieve, a casing covering the sieve, chopping knives, a removable grain hopper with a loading pipe installed on the housing, loading elements, a drive electric motor located vertically and resting on a horizontal base of the housing , an electric motor shaft passed through the hole, chopping knives attached to the end of the electric motor shaft using threaded elements, a cylindrical sieve of the grinding chamber and a casing attached to the underside of the base of the housing, a removable bottom in contact with the surface of the sieve and casing, and perforated with holes, loading elements in the form of a pipe attached by welding to the base in which the loading hole is made, and a branch pipe of the grain hopper installed in the opening of the loading pipe (RF utility model No. 103310, IPC B02C 18/06, published 04/10/2011, Bulletin No. 10).

The disadvantage of this grinder is that it does not have the function of separating the crushed mass into fractions.

A separator for bulk materials is known, consisting of zigzag-shaped concave sifting surfaces placed one below the other in the form of cantilevered fingers with a gap between them (RF Patent for invention No. 2566884, IPC B07B 1/04, publ. October 27, 2015 Bulletin No. 30).

The disadvantage of this separator is that it is not intended for chopping leaves and sifting the crushed mass into certain fractions.

The closest to the proposed model is a shredder of leaves that have fallen from trees, consisting of a housing with a rotatable shaft and a pulley for drive. A casing is installed concentrically in the housing above the rotating shaft, made solid in the upper part and with a cut-off and cutout in the lower part. The shaft is made of a square cross-section and flanges in the form of inclined disks, fixed at an angle α to the axis of rotation of the shaft, rings are bolted to the flanges, beating elements made in the form of steel cables are fixed between the flanges and rings (RF Patent for invention No. 2765575, IPC A01D 46/00, published 02/01/2022, bulletin No. 4).

A significant disadvantage of this grinder is its limited functionality due to the lack of elements that allow sifting the crushed mass into certain fractions.

The task and technical result of the proposed utility model is to expand the functionality by dividing the crushed mass of fallen leaves into fractions after its grinding.

The problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved by a shredder of fallen leaves, consisting of a body with a rotatable shaft placed in it, which, unlike the prototype, contains a loading hopper in the upper part of the body; on the middle part of the shaft there are two rows of blades at an angle of 15° to horizontally, on the lower part of the shaft there is a mixer in the form of fittings for moving the crushed mass onto sieves located in the lower part of the body, equipped with handles.

The essence of the claimed utility model is illustrated by a drawing, which shows a schematic diagram of a fallen leaf shredder.

The leaf shredder consists of a housing 1 with an electric motor 2. The electric motor drives the shaft 3, thereby driving two rows of blades 4 located at an angle of 15° to the horizontal, and a stirrer 5, designed to advance the mass for further sifting. The device also includes a loading hopper 6 and retractable sieves 7 with different cell sizes for sifting. Each sieve is equipped with a handle 8, which simplifies the unloading of the crushed mass for further use.

The device works as follows.

Through the loading hopper, the foliage enters the housing, where, under the influence of gravitational forces, it falls on rotating blades that crush it, then the crushed foliage falls on the mixer, which helps move the mass to the sieves for sifting, from where the separated foliage can be unloaded for further use in as a sorbent or compost.

Thus, fallen leaves are crushed and sorted into certain sizes for their further use as a sorbent or compost.

Claims (1)

A shredder of fallen leaves, consisting of a housing with a rotatable shaft located in it, characterized in that it contains a loading hopper in the upper part of the housing, two rows of blades are located on the middle part of the shaft at an angle of 15° to the horizontal, and a mixer is located on the lower part of the shaft in the form of fittings for moving the crushed mass onto sieves located in the lower part of the body, equipped with handles.