RU209643U1 - WOOD AND PLANT WASTE GRINDER - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the arrangement of shredders used in the field of agriculture. The device is designed for shredding gardening and field crop waste, placed in compost. The wood and plant waste shredder consists of a hopper made of metal sheets, in the walls of the upper part of which, horizontal shafts are fixed in bearings, and with a cutting device for chopping branches in the form of a drive toothed roll and a driven roll, in the lower part of the bunker there is a cutting device for grinding fibrous plant material in the form of knives fixed on pins that are mounted on a shaft. The number of revolutions of the knife cutting device is controlled by changing the sprockets on the shaft. The electric motor is connected to the axle on which the toothed roll is mounted, and to the axle by means of a chain connecting the sprockets. The shaft also passes through tubes attached to the hopper, which contain compression springs that move the swath towards the swath. The bunker is mounted on a frame made of racks and a base that can be moved by rollers. Vegetable raw materials are loaded into the upper part of the bunker and fall on the toothed rolls for primary grinding, then through the middle part of the bunker, made in the form of a truncated cone, the partially crushed material enters the cutter, where it is finally crushed and unloaded. Thus, there is a grinding and mixing of wood and vegetable waste intended for composting.

Description

The utility model relates to the arrangement of shredders used in the field of agriculture. The device is designed for shredding gardening and field crop waste put into compost.

Known shredder of plant materials (Patent for utility model RU No. 177957, Russian Federation, B27L 11/06, G05D 17/00 / Shredder of wood and vegetable waste / A.V. Kapitonov; 19.03.2018 Bull. No. 8), which contains a rigid a frame on which a cutting unit is located, connected to a torque-transmitting motor, with a loading hopper and an outlet pipe, the loading hopper is equipped with a guide device, while the cutting unit contains a housing with a rotating shaft mounted on it, two fixed supports and a sieve installed between cutting unit and outlet pipe.

The disadvantage of this grinder is that it has one cutting unit and many grinding stages.

Known wood waste shredder (Utility model patent RU No. 111967, Russian Federation, A01F 29/00/ wood waste shredder / E.G. Lumiste, T.V. Panova, M.V. Panov, S.N. Shmigirilov, K.O. Lumiste; 10.01.2012 Bull. No. 1), made of two sections with a single drive shaft, in which one section with a cutting device in the form of a toothed roll intended for chopping branches, the second - with a cutting device in in the form of knives fixed on pins and directly on the shaft, intended for grinding fibrous plant material.

The disadvantage of this grinder is that it consists of two sections and requires separation by type of plant material, as well as the location of the cutting units in different sections makes the grinding process not efficient enough.

The set technical result of the utility model is solved by using a wood and plant waste shredder, characterized in that there is one bin with two types of cutting apparatus for shredding gardening and field crop waste, in particular, two toothed rolls are located in the upper part of the section, designed for primary shredding of branches and fibrous material of various diameters and sizes, one of which is fixed on an axis without the possibility of movement in a horizontal plane, and the second is fixed on an axis, which, in turn, can move in a horizontal plane, adjusting to the size of the material being crushed, a cutting apparatus in the form of knives mounted on pins and directly on the shaft, designed for the final grinding of plant material.

The use of a grinder will make it possible to obtain a mass of particles of the size required for composting.

Thus, the proposed technical solution meets the criterion of "significant differences" and ensures the achievement of a positive effect, indicated by the purpose of the utility model.

In FIG. 1 schematically shows the proposed shredder of wood and vegetable waste. Structurally, the chopper consists of a hopper 1 made of metal sheets, in the walls of the upper part of which, in bearings, horizontal shafts 2 and 3 are fixed with a cutting device for chopping branches in the form of a drive toothed roll 4 and a driven roll 5, in the lower part of the hopper 1 there is a cutting apparatus for grinding fibrous plant material in the form of knives 6, mounted on pins 7, which are installed on the shaft 8. The number of revolutions of the knife cutting device is controlled by changing the sprockets 9 on the shaft 8. The electric motor 10 is connected to the axis 2, on which the toothed roll 4 is installed, and axle 8 through chain 11 connecting sprockets 9 and 12. Shaft 3 also passes through tubes 13 fixed on the hopper, in which compression springs 14 are located, which move roll 5 towards roll 4.

The bunker is mounted on a frame made of racks 15 and base 16, capable of moving due to rollers 17.

In FIG. 2 shows view A.

Shredder of wood and vegetable waste works as follows. Vegetable raw materials are loaded into the upper part of the bunker and fall on the toothed rolls for primary grinding, then through the middle part of the bunker, made in the form of a truncated cone, the partially crushed material enters the cutter, where it is finally crushed and unloaded.

Thus, there is a grinding and mixing of wood and vegetable waste intended for composting.

Sources of information:

1. Utility model patent RU No. 177957, Russian Federation, B27L 11/06, G05D 17/00 / Crusher of wood and vegetable waste / A.V. Kapitonov; 03/19/2018 Bull. No. 8

2. Utility model patent RU No. 111967, Russian Federation, A01F 29/00 / Wood and plant waste shredder / E.G. Lumiste, T.V. Panova, M.V. Panov, S.I. Shmigirilov, K.O. Lumiste; 01/10/2012 Bull. No. 1.

Claims (1)

Shredder of wood and vegetable waste, characterized in that there is one hopper with two types of cutting apparatus for shredding gardening and field crop waste, in particular, in the upper part of the section there are two toothed rolls designed for primary shredding of branches and fibrous material of various diameters and sizes, one of which is fixed on an axis without the possibility of moving in a horizontal plane, and the second is fixed on an axis, which, in turn, can move in a horizontal plane, adjusting to the size of the material being crushed, a cutting device in the form of knives mounted on pins and directly on the shaft, designed for the final grinding of plant material.

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