RU225170U1 - DEVICE FOR GRINDING ROOT CROPS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agriculture, namely to devices for grinding root tubers in the preparation of animal feed. A device for grinding root tuber crops, containing a frame, a body, on the lower part of which three windows are radially located at equal angles of 120° with grooved cutting knives, which each have two adjustment grooves, and an adjustment plate is installed between the knife and the base, a hub, an electric motor with a V-belt transmission, unloading pipe, corrugated anti-cutting knives on which truncated segments are fixed. The use of the proposed utility model makes it possible to reduce the required power for chopping root tubers due to the installation of three windows with knives, which will ensure a more uniform load on the electric motor. The ability to adjust the knives in height and reach will ensure high quality chopping of root crops of the required size for various farm animals.

Description

The utility model relates to agriculture, namely, to devices for grinding root tubers in the preparation of animal feed.

A device for grinding root tuber crops is known [1], including a hopper with counter-cuts, an electric motor on the shaft of which two horizontal disks, upper and lower, are mounted, horizontal knives are installed on the upper disk, a deck and blades for unloading crushed material are installed on the lower disk. The device, when installing the deck, allows you to grind root tuber crops into pulp, and when the deck is removed, into chips.

The disadvantage of the device is the high energy intensity of the grinding process, since normal cutting is carried out on the upper disk, which is more energy-consuming than sliding. The electric motor installed under the working chamber may get juice released when chopping root tubers, which can lead to its failure.

There is also a known device for grinding root tuber crops [2], which includes a housing, a vertical chamber, two horizontal disks, knives mounted on the upper disk, and a counter cutter, the working surface of which is installed at an acute angle to the plane of the disk as it rotates. In the vertical chamber, there are catchers installed opposite each other at different heights, made in the form of visors inclined inside the chamber, and the countercut is made in the form of a pocket formed by its working surface and the intersecting surface of the bar, installed at an acute angle to the plane of the disk, the base of which is perpendicular the base of the working surface of the counter-cut.

The main disadvantage of this device is the inability to obtain slices of root vegetables. Also, juice released when chopping root crops can get into the electric motor installed under the working chamber, which can lead to its failure.

The prototype is a device for grinding root tuber crops [3], which consists of a frame, a body, on the lower part of which two windows with cutting knives are radially located, a hub, an electric motor with a V-belt drive, an unloading pipe, corrugated anti-cutting knives on which truncated segments are fixed. In the upper part of the device there is a feeding hopper, inside of which there are guides made in the form of canopies and gate valves for a uniform dosed supply of root tuber crops.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the cyclic load on the chopper drive due to the fact that the grinding process on two cutting knives occurs simultaneously and the inability to adjust the size of the crushed material for different types of farm animals.

The purpose of the utility model is to eliminate the above disadvantages.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the proposed device for grinding root tuber crops, containing a frame, a housing, on the lower part of which three windows with grooved cutting knives are located radially, on which truncated segments are fixed, hubs, an electric motor with a V-belt drive, a feed hopper inside which are located guides made in the form of canopies and slide valves, an unloading pipe, according to the utility model, in the lower part there are three windows at equal angles of 120° with corrugated cutting knives, which have two adjustment grooves, and an adjustment plate is installed between the knife and the base.

The root and tuber crop chopper is illustrated with diagrams:

Fig.1 – Diagram of a longitudinal section of a root-tuber crop chopper;

Fig.2 – Diagram of a cross-section of a root-tuber crop chopper;

Fig.3 – Scheme for adjusting the grooved knives of the root crop chopper.

The root-tuber crop chopper (Fig. 1, 2, 3) includes a frame 1, a body 2, on the lower part of which three windows 3 are radially located at equal angles of 120°, cutting knives 4 of a grooved shape with adjusting grooves 5, hubs 6, an electric motor 7 with a V-belt transmission, unloading pipe 8 with impellers 9, corrugated anti-cutting knives 10, on which truncated segments 11 are fixed, a supply hopper 12 is installed in the upper part of the device, inside of which there are guides 13, made in the form of visors and gate valves 14 for uniform dosed supply of root tuber crops into working chamber 15. Knives 4 are fixed to the base 16 with bolts 17, between which adjustment plates 18 are installed.

The root and tuber crop chopper works as follows. Root tuber crops are fed into the loading hopper 12, then evenly enter the working chamber 15 due to the tilt of the guides 13 in the form of canopies and gate valves 14. Under the action of two counter-cutting knives 10, the root tuber crops are sent sequentially to three cutting 4 knives, crushed and supplied through windows 3 to the lower part of the working chamber 15, from which the impellers 9 are removed through the discharge pipe 8. Under the action of the anti-cutting knives 10, the material acquires a rotational movement, and due to their inclination in the direction of rotation, it helps to press the material against the disk and, accordingly, against the grooved cutting knives 4, which have the ability to adjust height and reach.

The use of the proposed utility model allows you to evenly distribute the load on the chopper drive, which will reduce the required power for chopping; the ability to adjust the knives in height and reach will ensure high quality chopping of root tuber crops of the required size for various farm animals.

List of used literature

1. Copyright certificate No. 1628943 A1 USSR, IPC A01F 29/00, B02C 18/08, B02C 18/12. Device for grinding root and tuber crops: No. 4660451: application. 03/09/1989: publ. 02.23.1991 / A.V. Struchkov, N.M. Bykov; applicant Krasnoyarsk Agricultural Institute. – analogue.

2. Patent RU No. 2058712 C1, A01F 29/00, B02C 18/08, B02C 18/12. Device for grinding root and tuber crops: appl. 07/14/1993: publ. 04/27/1996/ Galanin S.N., Gantsev V.P., Kachevan V.A.; applicant JSC "Murom Machine-Building Plant" - analogue.

3. Utility model patent No. 218051 U1 Russian Federation, IPC A01F 29/00. Device for grinding root and tuber crops: No. 2023106485: application. 03/20/2023: publ. 04.05.2023/ I.I. Kashapov, B.G. Ziganshin, D.T. Khaliullin [etc.]; applicant Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Kazan State Agrarian University" - prototype.

Claims (1)

A device for grinding root tuber crops, containing a frame, a body, on the lower part of which windows with cutting knives are radially located, a hub, an electric motor with a V-belt drive, a discharge pipe, corrugated anti-cutting knives on which truncated segments are fixed, characterized in that in the lower part there are three windows at equal angles of 120° with grooved cutting knives, which have two adjustment grooves, and an adjustment plate is installed between the knife and the base.