RU2545819C2 - Chopper of tuberous roots - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of agriculture. The chopper comprises a chopping chamber with the loading and unloading mouths. A cutting disk is mounted on the shaft with radially located windows in which the blades are mounted. In front of the horizontal blades at an angle of 45° to their axis the vertical blades are mounted on the periphery of the disk in the alignment of the loading mouth.

EFFECT: improvement of quality of chopping of tuberous roots in slices with minimal leakage of juice is ensured.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture and is intended for grinding root crops.

Known feed chopper [1], comprising a vertical cylindrical chamber with a fixed bottom, equipped with a loading funnel and having a discharge pipe and a hole. Inside the chamber on the shaft are fixed supply vanes, which are installed with a slope relative to the bottom of the chamber in the direction of their rotation. In the lower part of the chamber, a circular knife is mounted eccentrically, mounted on a vertical shaft, which is mounted along the axis of the discharge opening. The grinder is equipped with concentric rows located between the feed blades and the ends attached to them by curved plates having the form of segments of truncated cones. Additional blades are radially attached to the curved plates, mounted with an inclination towards the inclination of the feed blades on each row of plates.

The disadvantage of this feed chopper is the low quality of the finished product.

Closest to the technical solution to the proposed invention is a device for grinding root crops, containing a housing that is attached to the flange of the electric motor. Two horizontal disks are fixed on the motor shaft, the lower and upper, in which the slots are made. Knives are mounted above the slots. An unloading pipe is attached to the side of the housing. A vertical camera is installed on top of the case, in which catchers are mounted opposite to each other at different heights. Under the catcher there is a contradiction, the pocket of which is formed by the working surface and the surface of the bar intersecting with it, installed at an acute angle to the plane of the disk [2].

The disadvantage of the invention is the inability to obtain slices of root crops.

The essence of the proposed development is that in the proposed grinder in front of horizontal knives at an angle of 45 ° to their axis, vertical knives are installed so that they pass along the periphery of the disk in the alignment of the loading neck. Due to the installation of these knives, root tubers are cut not in shavings, but in slices.

It is known that in order to achieve cutting root crops into slices, it is necessary to make cuts in two mutually perpendicular planes. The installation of horizontal and vertical knives, passing along the periphery of the cutting disc in the alignment of the loading neck, allows to solve this problem.

An additional inclined partition is installed in the loading hopper with an inclination towards the loading window. At the same time, its lower end is located on the edge of the loading window, which allows the chopped root crops to continuously enter the chopper grinding chamber without residue in the hopper itself.

It is known that material will remain in the hopper if the discharge window is smaller than the bottom of the hopper. Setting an additional inclined partition with a slope towards the discharge window so that its lower end is located on the edge of the boot window, allows to solve this problem.

Thus, in the aggregate of these features, the novelty of the proposed solution is ensured.

As a result of the analysis of the distinguishing features, namely, the installation of vertical knives in front of horizontal knives at an angle of 45 ° to their axis so that they pass along the periphery of the disk in the alignment of the loading neck, and performing an additional inclined partition in the loading hopper with an inclination towards the loading window so that its lower end was located on the edge of the loading window, their identical design was not found in other technical solutions. This circumstance gives full reason to believe that the solution meets the criterion of "inventive step".

In FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of a root crop chopper; in FIG. 2 shows a top view of the cutting disc, in FIG. 3 shows a section AA in FIG. 2.

The root crop chopper consists of a housing 1 (Fig. 1), an electric motor 2, a belt drive 3, a support bracket for the thrust bearings 4, a cover 5, a loading hopper 6, an additional inclined partition 7, a discharge neck 18, a cutting disc 12 mounted on the shaft 19 and including a disk 20 (Fig. 3), vertical 11 and horizontal knives 9, which are attached to the disk of the knife 20 with screws 10, blades 21 and a safety clutch, consisting of a screw 15, a clamping 16 and landing 17 washers. On the cutting disk 12 there are made radially arranged windows in which vertical knives 11 are mounted.

The chopper works as follows. Root crops are loaded into the loading hopper 6. Under their own weight, they slide along an additional inclined partition 7 to the loading window 8 located on the periphery of the cutting disk 12, and through it enter the grinding chamber formed by the cutting disk 12 and the chipper 13. On the periphery in the target loading section the neck 8 rotates the knives of the cutting disc 12. When approaching the root crop, the vertical knives 11 make vertical cuts in it, and the horizontal 9 following them cut off the chips. The distance between the vertical knives 11 will determine the thickness of the cut slice, and the frequency of rotation of the cutting disc - its height. The cut slices through the windows radially located on the cutting disk by the blades 21 are moved to the discharge window 14 and through the discharge neck 18 are removed from the grinding chamber.

The proposed chopper allows you to improve the quality of grinding root crops in slices with minimal juice.

Literature

1. Description of the invention to A.S. 938827 USSR, A01F 29/06. / I.I. Tishchenko. Publ. 06/30/82. Bull. Number 24.

2. Patent RU 2058712 C1, A01F 29/00. / S.N. Galanin, V.P. Gantsev, V.A. Kachevan. Publ. 04/27/1996. Bull. No. 11. - prototype.

Claims (2)

1. The root crop chopper, comprising a grinding chamber with loading and unloading necks and a cutting disk mounted on the shaft with radially arranged windows in which the knives are installed, characterized in that vertical knives are installed in front of horizontal knives at an angle of 45 ° to their axis in alignment of the loading neck. 2. The root crop chopper according to claim 1, characterized in that the hopper is equipped with an additional inclined partition installed with an inclination towards the loading window, while its lower end is located on the edge of the loading window.

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