RU2788535C1 - Feed grinder-mixer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to machines for continuous grinding and mixing of feed. Forage grinder-mixer contains a working chamber with a receiving hopper, grinding knives on the shaft, rotary counter knives on the inner surface of the working chamber, an unloading chamber. In the unloading chamber there is a paddle thrower in the form of a plate concave in the direction of rotation, on which cutting knives are installed perpendicular to its surface with the possibility of regrinding the feed by sliding cutting. Cutting knives follow the shape of the plate.

EFFECT: grinder-mixer allows to increase the efficiency of the technological process of grinding feed.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to machines for continuous grinding and mixing of feed.

Known forage grinder [1], containing the crimping drum, knife drum, grate and scrapers. On the surface of the crimping drum there are radially located flanges that drag the stems into a narrowing gap between the drum and the grate and further into the working chamber, and the flanges divide the stems into crimped vertical columns for uniform loading of the knives. Two adjacent flanges at the moment when they are at the closest distance from the grate form a trapezoid-shaped working chamber with the grate and the cylindrical surface of the crimping drum, while the lower end part of the flanges is a counter-cutting edge.

The disadvantage of this feed grinder is that the unloading of the crushed feed mass requires additional devices, which increases the total energy costs for the feed grinding process.

Known forage grinder-mixer [2], containing a working chamber with a receiving hopper and an unloading chamber with a finger thrower placed in it, on the outer radii of which vertically located blades are fixed on the fingers.

The disadvantage of the forage grinder-mixer is that the thrower blades are installed at a constant angle of inclination, which increases the energy consumption at idle due to the load on the thrower blades from the movement of the air flow in the unloading chamber, and also does not provide a uniform load on the thrower blades, which reduces the intensity of feed unloading.

Known forage grinder-mixer [3] consisting of a working chamber with a receiving hopper and an unloading chamber with a finger thrower placed in it, on the outer radii of which the blades are hinged on the fingers, and their center of gravity is shifted to the upper edge.

The disadvantage of this chopper-mixer is that when grinding roughage, the cylindrical shape of the working chamber and the uniform arrangement of knives in a horizontal plane, in the direction of movement of the crushed material, leads to an increase in the load on the upper knives, loading the upper part of the working chamber and, ultimately, to reduce grinding efficiency.

Known chopper-mixer feed [4], containing a working chamber with a receiving hopper, an unloading chamber placed in it with a finger thrower, knives on the shaft and counter knives on the inner surface of the chamber.

The disadvantage of the considered grinder-mixer is the inability to control the intensity of feed grinding due to the time they are in the grinding zone.

The prototype of the invention is a feed grinder-mixer [5], containing a working chamber with a receiving hopper and an unloading chamber with a finger thrower placed in it, chopping knives on the shaft and rotary counter-cutting knives on the inner surface of the working chamber. To change the intensity of impact on the feed mixture of the working bodies of the feed chopper-mixer, the rotary pro-cutting knives are rotated and fixed at an angle from 0° to 90° with respect to the cutting knives.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the probable possibility of unloading the crushed material in the lower central part of the working chamber in the area of attachment of the finger thrower.

The technical objective of the invention is to improve the efficiency of the feed milling process.

The technical result consists in the fact that in the feed chopper-mixer containing the working chamber 1 with the receiving hopper 2, the grinding knives 3 on the shaft 4, the rotary counter knives 5 on the inner surface of the working chamber and the unloading chamber 6 with the paddle thrower 7 placed in it. in the form of a plate concave in the direction of rotation, on which cutting knives 8 are installed perpendicular to its surface with the possibility of regrinding the feed by cutting with sliding, repeating the shape of the plate.

The shape of the plate concave in the direction of rotation makes it possible to move the crushed material from the central part to the walls of the unloading chamber and further out of the device, and the knives, repeating the shape of the plate, grind the feed by sliding cutting.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by the diagrams shown in figure 1 and figure 2.

The forage grinder-mixer contains a working chamber 1 with a receiving hopper 2, chopping knives 3 on a shaft 4, rotary counter knives > on the inner surface of the working chamber and an unloading chamber 6 with a paddle thrower 7 placed in it with knives 8.

Chopper-feed mixer works as follows. The fodder mixture is loaded into the receiving hopper 2 and under the action of gravity, taking into account the intensity of the impact of the grinding knives 3 and the rotary counter knives 5, it is crushed and moved to the lower part of the working chamber 1, from where it is unloaded in the form of crushed feed by a paddle thrower 7, during the rotation of which the crushed mass moves along the surface of the blades from the center to the walls of the working chamber, and the cutting knives 8 additionally grind the feed.

The use of the described device makes it possible to INCREASE the efficiency of the feed milling process.

List of used literature

1. Author's certificate of the USSR No. 127504, AOLE 29/00, publ. 1960.

2. Technical support of processes in animal husbandry: Textbook / V.K. Mushroom, L.S. Gerasimovich, S.S. Zhuk and others. Under the general. Ed. VC. Mushroom. - Mn.: Bel. Navuka, 2004. - 831 p.

3. Patent No. 2644965, IPC A01F 29/00, F16C 11/00, Feed chopper-mixer / Shved I.M., Kitun A.V., Perednya V.I., Skorb I.I., Salaev B.K. ., Eviev V.A., Baryshev V.L. Patentee: Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "KalmGU", Appl. 2017110586, 03/29/2017, publ. 15.02.2018 Bull. No. 5.

4. Patent No. 196834, IPC A01F 29/00. Feed grinder-mixer / Ziganshin B.G., Dmitriev A.V., Khaliullin D.T., Kashapov I.I., Gomaa I.M.O., Khaidarov R.R. Patentee: FGBOU VO "Kazan State Agrarian University", Appl. 2019133125, 10/17/2019, publ. 03/17/2020 Bull. No. 8.

5. Patent No. 2760435, IPC A01F 29/02. Feed grinder-mixer / Ziganshin B.G., Dmitriev A.V., Khaliullin D.T., Kashapov I.I., Nafikov I.R., Popoldnev R.S., Khaydarov R.P. Patentee: FGBOU VO "Kazan State Agrarian University", Appl. 2021106282, 03/10/2021, publ. 11/25/2021 Bull. No. 33.

Claims (1)

Feed grinder-mixer, containing a working chamber with a receiving hopper, grinding knives on the shaft, rotary counter knives on the inner surface of the working chamber, an unloading chamber, characterized in that the unloading chamber contains a paddle thrower in the form of a plate concave in the direction of rotation, on which the cutting knives are installed to its surface with the possibility of regrinding the feed by sliding cutting, repeating the shape of the plate.

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