SU961767A1

SU961767A1 - Apparatus for disintegrating materials

Info

Publication number: SU961767A1
Application number: SU803213152A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Валериан Иванович Мчедлишвили; Иосиф Валерианович Мчедлишвили; Бидзина Шалвович Бидзинашвили; Валериан Георгиевич Махароблишвили; Роберт Владимирович Сехниашвили
Original assignee: Межхозяйственное Объединение По Производству Комбикормов И Травяной Муки Гурджаанского Района Гсср
Priority date: 1980-10-20
Filing date: 1980-10-20
Publication date: 1982-09-30

Description

(54) УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ИЗМЕЛЬЧЕНИЯ МАТЕРИАЛОВ(54) DEVICE FOR CRUSHING MATERIALS

1one

Изобретение относитс к устройствам дл измельчени материалов и может быть применено в сельскохоз йственной и других отрасл х промышленности.The invention relates to a device for grinding materials and can be applied in the agricultural and other industries.

Известен измельчитель кормов, содержащий камеру с загрузочными и выгрузочными устройствами, противорежущими элементами и ротор с вертикальной осью вращени , при этом с целью увеличени степени измельчени камера и ротор выполнены трехсекционными с большим количеством режущих элементов 1.A known feed chopper includes a chamber with loading and unloading devices, countering elements and a rotor with a vertical axis of rotation, with the aim of increasing the grinding degree the chamber and the rotor are made in three sections with a large number of cutting elements 1.

Недостаток этого измельчител - сложность его конструкции.The disadvantage of this shredder is the complexity of its design.

Наиболее близким техническим решением к предлагаемому вл етс устройство дл измельчени материалов, включающее дробильную камеру, в центральной части которой на вертикальном валу установлен шнек, противорежущие ножи, расположенные у внутренней поверхности камеры, загрузочный патрубок и выгрузочное окно 2.The closest technical solution to the present invention is a device for grinding materials, including a crushing chamber, in the central part of which there is an auger on the vertical shaft, counter knives located at the inner surface of the chamber, a loading nozzle and a discharge port 2.

Недостатком этого устройства вл етс низка эффективность измельчени .A disadvantage of this device is the low grinding efficiency.

Цель изобретени - повышение эффективности измельчени .The purpose of the invention is to increase the grinding efficiency.

Указанна цель достигаетс тем, что в устройстве дл измельчени материалов, преимущественно грубостебельных растений, включающем дробильную камеру, в центральной части которой на вертикальном валу установлен нож, противорежущие ножи, расположенные у внутренней, поверхности Камеры, загрузочный патрубок и выгрузочное окно, противорежущие ножи выполнены поворотными в горизонтальной плоскости в сторону, противоположную вращению ножа, а в выгрузочном окне смонтированы заслонки , причем заслонки могут быть выполнены в виде дуговых пластин, соединенных между собой и камерой посредством замков, длины ножа и противорежущих ножей составл ют соответственно 0,90-0,95 и 0,15-0,40 диаметра дробильной камеры, а ножи и противорежущие ножи выполнены регулируемыми в вертикальной плоскости.This goal is achieved by the fact that in a device for grinding materials, mainly coarsely harvested plants, including a crushing chamber, in the central part of which there is a knife on the vertical shaft, opposing knives located at the inner surface of the Chamber, loading nozzle and discharge window, counter-blades are rotatable in the horizontal plane in the direction opposite to the rotation of the knife, and in the discharge window the dampers are mounted, and the dampers can be made in the form of arc plates Tin, interconnected with the camera by means of locks, the length of the knife and the shear blades are respectively 0.90-0.95 and 0.15-0.40 of the diameter of the grinding chamber, and the knives and the shear blades are adjustable in a vertical plane.

На фиг. 1 изображено устройство дл измельчени , общий вид; на фиг. 2 - сечение А-А на фиг. 1.FIG. 1 shows a grinding device, general view; in fig. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. one.

Claims

The grinding device includes a crushing chamber 1, in the central part of which a knife 3 is mounted on the vertical shaft 2. At the inner surface of the circumference chamber, evenly on the horizontal shafts 4 there are anti-knife blades 5 rotating in the direction opposite to the rotation of the knife. The discharge port 6 is located in the lower side part of the chamber 1. The gate valve of the discharge port 6 consists of three arcuate plates 7, which are interconnected with the walls of the chamber 1 by horizontal side faces by means of locks. An annular funnel 8 is attached to the inner surface of chamber 1. A device for displacing the central shaft vertically (not shown) is a brace on which an electromotor is attached. The bracket is attached to the bottom of the chamber with studs and nuts. The device works as follows. During the rotation of the knife 3 and the shear blades 5, material is loaded, for example, a grapevine, which, for the purpose of ease of handling and transportation, is preliminarily cut into sections of 3-5 cm during the minting of the grapes. The number of revolutions of the cutting blades is in the range of 1450-1500 rpm. The grapevine falls into the gap between the counter-rotating knives 3 and the opposing knives 5, where the transverse and longitudinal grinding of the vine by cutting, striking and grinding takes place. The degree of grinding is regulated in several ways. By changing the distance between the planes of rotation of the knives and the shearing knives by lowering or raising the central shaft using the tool and changing the size and level of the discharge port 6 relative to the planes of rotation of the cutting knives by moving the flap elements independent from each other. The smaller the distance between the planes of rotation of the cutting blades, the higher the part of the discharge window is located and the smaller its size, the smaller the fraction of the mass output. The crushed mass is brought out through the discharge window 6 under the action of centrifugal force arising during the rotation of the knife 3, which eliminates the need for special loading and unloading devices in the form of augers and the like. 1. This is especially manifested with a small amount of loaded mass. A ring-shaped funnel 8 serves to prevent discharge. The use of the proposed device makes it possible to increase the grinding efficiency. Claim 1. A device for grinding materials, mainly coarsely harvested plants, including a Crushing chamber, in the central part of which a knife is installed on a vertical shaft, counter-knife blades located at the inner surface of the chamber, a loading nozzle and a discharge window, characterized in that the efficiency of grinding, the shearing blades are made rotary in the horizontal plane in the direction opposite to the rotation of the knife, and the dampers are mounted in the discharge window. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the flaps are made in the form of arc plates connected to each other and the camera by means of locks. 3. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lengths of the knife and the counter blades are respectively 0.90-0.95 and 0.15-0.40 the diameter of the grinding chamber. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the knives and the shear knives are adjustable in a vertical plane. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate number 408657, cl. B 02 C 18/12, 1972.

2. The patent of Germany No. 2163496, cl. B 02 C 18/40, 1976 (prototype).