RU2681131C1 - Multiple-viewing observational fire design - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of military affairs, and more specifically to devices for monitoring and firing. Multipurpose observation and fire tower consists of a collapsible metal frame, a mounting platform for surveillance devices, a target pointing device and a firing unit with a protective visor. In the tower, the frame is made of separate parts of steel faceted pipes, including the tapered link of the pipe-container of control equipment, the cylindrical link of the foundation pipe and a movable hexagon basket with blocks of a cable system for its lifting and lowering with the help of winches, to which two ring elements in the form of a pulley are additionally attached and a drum for accommodating bearings in a rotating assembly collapsible frame with an electric drive and a swinging cradle using an electric drive, with fasteners for the complex of optical-electronic and electronic devices for reconnaissance and aiming, service rifle armament with a protective swivel screen.EFFECT: technical result: increase of tactical and technical characteristics, convenience and safety of operation, reduction of material costs for the deployment or collapse of the tower.1 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of military affairs, and more specifically to devices for monitoring and firing from small arms, grenade launchers and light rocket weapons, used in any climatic and hydrogeological conditions with engineering equipment of the positions of troops, military bases, large arsenals, field towns, checkpoints, guarded perimeters of especially important military installations and sections of border outposts to protect them from attack by sabotage and terrorist groups of the enemy, as well as to defeat a helicopter , Low-flying aircraft, small reconnaissance drones and loitering munitions.

A device is known "Tower observation armored VN-1" - analogue (Federal State Unitary Enterprise SNPO "Eleron" Federal Agency for Atomic Energy, address: 14, General Belova St., Moscow, 115563. tel / fax: 8 (095) 399-96-10, 399-07-83 E-mail: sstc @ eleron.org), consisting of an armored sentry cabin with a door and hinged armored fire-protection windows, a 5.0 m high spatial support equipped with a mesh, ladders and sites, as well as protective shelter at the base and monolithic reinforced concrete foundation.

The disadvantages of this device are the complexity of the design, its large mass, the high complexity of the assembly, requiring the involvement of trained specialists in military conditions, as well as the significant transportation costs, material and financial costs necessary for the construction of an armored tower.

Also known is the device "Shooting remote-controlled complex AP 701" - prototype (NLP Alfa Pribor OJSC, address: Tula, PO Box 464, 300041. tel. (4872) 312755, 361815, fax. (4872) 361733, web: www.alfa-pribor.ru, E-mail: org@alfa-pribor.ru), consisting of separate sections of a collapsible metal frame made of profile steel, made in the form of two frames, of which one is a ladder, installation site for surveillance devices, targeting devices and multi-barrel special firing units, a set of spotlights and a protective visor, and e foundation of reinforced concrete with a control electric board.

The disadvantages of this device are low tactical and technical characteristics due to the narrow scope and inconvenience of operation, especially in difficult climatic conditions, high danger during reloading or maintenance in combat conditions, as well as the significant complexity of the construction of the complex in winter.

The objectives of the proposed technical device are to increase the tactical and technical characteristics by improving the combat effectiveness indicators to defeat both ground and air low-flying unobtrusive targets, ease and safety of operation, when reloading military weapons, replenishing ammunition or maintenance, using as dual appointments for relaying television and cellular communications or equipment of pre-fabricated automated (automatic) radar stations, radio and light beacons, especially in the Far North and the Arctic, as well as reducing material and financial costs for the deployment or collapse of the tower.

The solution of the tasks is achieved by the fact that in the proposed design of a multi-purpose observation and fire tower, consisting of a collapsible metal frame, an installation platform for surveillance devices, a targeting device and a firing unit with a protective peak, the frame is made of individual faceted links steel pipes, including the conical link of the container container of the control equipment, the cylindrical link of the foundation pipe and the movable hexagonal basket with a cable block system for its lifting and lowering with the help of winches, to which two ring elements are additionally attached in the form of a pulley and a drum for placing bearings in it of a rotating assembly collapsible frame with an electric drive and a swinging cradle with an electric drive, with fastening devices for a complex of optoelectronic and electronic electronic devices reconnaissance and aiming, service small arms with a protective rotary screen.

The essence of the proposed invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict: in FIG. 1 - shows a General view of the multi-purpose observation and fire tower of the remote control with the placement of weapons in various positions; in FIG. 2 - shows a vertical section of a multi-purpose observation and fire tower when reloading weapons in a trench of a gabion structure and remote control from an automated workstation (AWS) located in a protective structure; in FIG. 3 and 4, respectively, show a plan and a section of the design of a rotating mounting frame with a swinging cradle; in FIG. 5 and 6, respectively, are a sectional view of the basket at the installation location of the retractable rods and an arrangement of control equipment for the conical link of the container pipe; in FIG. 7 and 8, respectively, are general views from above and in front of an option for mounting devices and small arms to ensure the protection and defense of critical military facilities in the circular sector.

The claimed multi-purpose observation and fire tower (Fig. 1-8), consisting of a collapsible metal frame, an mounting platform for surveillance devices, a targeting device and a firing unit with a protective visor, is characterized in that the frame is made of separate links of steel faceted pipes 1, including the conical link of the container container 2 of the control equipment, the cylindrical link of the foundation pipe 3 and the movable hexagonal basket 4 with blocks 5 of the cable system 6 for raising and lowering it with winches 7, to which two ring elements are additionally attached in the form of a pulley 8 and a drum 9 for placing bearings 10 of a rotating assembly collapsible frame 11 with an electric drive 12 and a swinging cradle 13 using an electric drive 14, with fasteners for the optical-electronic complex and electronic reconnaissance and aiming devices, time small arms with a protective rotary screen 15.

In order to protect the internal cavity of steel pipes 1 and 2, the technical equipment housed in them, from the effects of atmospheric precipitation and electric lightning discharges, a pyramidal-shaped protective cap 16 is fastened with bolts together with a metal rod of the lightning rod 17 (Fig. 1, 2, 5) ) For complete unloading of the cable system, ease of maintenance of the winches 7, the possibility of their repair or replacement, as well as more rigid fixation in the upper combat position of the mounting frame 11, two hexagonal rods 18 are provided in the hexagonal basket 4, which, when lifting the mounting frame 11 to the stop in the limiters are wrung out by the cable 6 to the off position (Fig. 5). After lifting the frame 11 to its maximum height, first one cable 6 is loosened using a winch 7, and then, after the first rod 18 is activated, the second cable is weakened. When the cables 6 are weakened, the locking rods 18 under the action of the springs 19 extend into the windows 20 made for them in the walls of the steel pipe 1 of the tower (Fig. 5), as a result of this the hexagonal basket is held in the fighting position by the rods 18, unloading the entire cable block system. When both ropes 6 are tensioned by means of winches 7, rods 18 are pushed to the off position, and the mounting frame 11 is lowered to any level (Fig. 1, 2), convenient for aimed fire at enemy ground and air targets using, if possible, protective and the camouflaging properties of the terrain and local objects, for example, by hiding behind trees, low-rise buildings, temporary structures and other barriers, and also, if possible, reducing to the maximum the unmasking signs of the tower, placing observation and firing systems Twa near the ground under a time masking cover (Fig. 2).

For the production of planned maintenance, repair, etc. the mounting frame 11 is lowered along faceted pipes 1 until it stops against the flange of the connection with the link of the conical pipe-container 2 of the control equipment (Fig. 2). The height of the conical tube-container 2 is taken from the calculation of the convenience of reloading weapons or replenishing ammunition, performing scheduled maintenance work on the rotating mounting frame 11 and the possibility of placing the necessary auxiliary technical equipment inside it: two winches 7 with a decreasing gearbox, reels for winding (unwinding) the electric cable 21, distribution switchboard 22, spare tool 23, accessories, batteries 24 for emergency power supply, etc., as well as transition the second part to increase the diameter of the tube member 3 is a cylindrical foundation, providing high stability tower due to the larger support area on the subgrade. Protection of equipment located in the conical link of the container pipe 2 from theft or vandalism during storage, transportation or operation is ensured by the installation of a reliable protective shutter 25 (Fig. 1, 6) with a locking device and additional bolt fastening, as well as the protection provided ends steel flaps 26 (Fig. 2, 6). In order to improve convenience and safety when reloading or replacing small arms, replenishing ammunition or performing maintenance, a trench 27 with walls made of sheet gabion structures 28 (Fig. 2), hidden with a camouflage coating 29, can be arranged at the base of the tower.

Depending on the importance of the object, the combat mission, the characteristics of the combat situation and local environmental and climatic conditions, a multi-purpose observation and fire tower may include the following optoelectronic and electronic electronic reconnaissance and aiming devices (Fig. 2, 7, 8):

- thermal imager 30 with a thermal imaging sight;

- television camera 31 with IR illumination;

- laser target designator-range finder 32 for pointing weapons at a target;

- a portable radar station for reconnaissance and pointing weapons at a target with a waveguide-slot antenna 33 of the Fara-1 or Credo-M1 type;

- electronic interrogator "friend or foe";

- an indicator of electromagnetic radiation for radio monitoring of the air in order to detect the location of radio transmitting devices as a possible threat of attack on an object;

- electronic warfare electronic warfare or blocking the operation of cell phones and other radio transmitting devices.

Instead of these individual means, ready-made modular units designed for remote control of military equipment and weapons can be used, for example, an automated launcher (APU) for launching four (two) Kornet-EM anti-tank missiles, including a thermal imaging sight, high-resolution television cameras, a thermal imager, an integrated laser range finder with a laser missile guidance channel, as well as an automatic target tracking machine with electric drives.

Optoelectronic and electronic electronic reconnaissance and aiming devices are located in front of the swinging cradle 13 of the rotating frame 11 (Fig. 7, 8). When installing the instruments, they are centered with the aiming line of the used small arms, which is verified in advance by the device of the corresponding seat with reliable fastening with the help of clamps.

The composition of small arms observation and fire towers may include (Fig. 1, 2, 7, 8):

- up to two RPK 34 light machine guns or AK machine guns;

- from two to four RPG "Bur" 35 grenade launchers and two rocket-propelled infantry flamethrowers RPO PDM-A "Bumblebee";

- up to two anti-tank guided missile shells of anti-tank missiles of the Kornet-EM type 36 and two portable anti-aircraft missile systems of MANPADS of the Igla-1 or Verba type 37.

To reduce the weight and size parameters and improve the operational characteristics of the proposed device, the used devices and small arms can be attached with clamps and numerous holes made for them, both from above and from below or from the side of the swinging cradle 13 (Fig. 7, 8). Under favorable combat conditions, only duty equipment can be installed on the tower: one or two optoelectronic devices, for example, a video camera and a thermal imaging sight, and up to two assault rifles (machine guns), one of which, as a rule, with blank cartridges, and also if necessary, loud-speaking communication or non-lethal means are provided.

In the proposed device, the replacement of individual reconnaissance and aiming devices, as well as the replacement of weapons or replenishment of ammunition can be made in 10-20 minutes. At the same time, in the peaceful period of time, the proposed design of a multi-purpose observation and fire tower, as a dual-use product, can be fully used as a repeater of television and mobile communications or a lighting searchlight installation, which generally significantly increases the level of combat readiness of objects for their protection with a significant reduction material and financial costs. In addition, the proposed device can be used in radio engineering and anti-aircraft missile parts as fast-mounted radar stations with a phased array antenna having high tactical and technical characteristics and optimal weight and size parameters or can be used as a false (imitation) radar station with a dummy antenna and a powerful emitter of electromagnetic waves of the required range to confirm the "reliability" of its work with characteristic unmasking signs. The proposed tower design can be used in remote areas of Siberia, the Far East and the Far North, as it allows you to assemble and install (disassemble) manually a calculation of eight people using a truck platform and a winch for safety. However, in this case, the flanges of the foundation pipe 3 and the base of the conical link of the container pipe 2 must be rectangular in shape with loops 38 (Fig. 2) to connect them together before raising or lowering the tower. The convenience of manually installing and disassembling the tower in hard-to-reach areas is achieved due to the possibility of its substantial facilitation due to the presence of a removable mounting frame 11 together with the swinging cradle 13, devices and small arms, as well as raising or lowering the equipment using a cable block system.

To assemble the proposed device, first select a site that is convenient for conducting all-round visibility and firing at the maximum range, determine the main, most dangerous direction, as well as the ability to mask the tower by hiding it behind local objects. The construction of the tower begins with the installation of the borehole under the cylindrical foundation unit of pipe 3 mechanically or manually using a manual drill in medium density soils. In hard or frozen soil, a motor drill with cumulative and concentrated explosive charges can be used for loosening and further development. At the same time, the individual links of the faceted pipes 1 are connected to each other due to the pipe fragment welded inside the pipe fragment (Fig. 2) with fastening of the joints with bolts with countersunk heads. The hexagonal basket 4 is installed on the pipes 1. After installing the upper pipe with the blocks fixed inside, 5 attach a cable 6 with an electric cable to the blocks 5 and to the hexagonal basket 4, connect the protective cap 16 with a lightning rod 17 with bolts (Fig. 2, 5). Then, using bolts, they attach to the lower pipe 1 for the flanges the conical link of the container pipe 2 of the control equipment (Fig. 6). After that, with the help of lifting means, the tower is installed in a vertical position and bolted to the flange of the cylindrical link of the foundation pipe 3 (Fig. 1, 2), fixed in the ground with its compaction around the circumference with a sand-gravel mixture or gravel, or by recessing (immersion) in earth, for example, with an excavator bucket. The final alignment of the tower strictly vertically is achieved by adding or removing shims between the flanges.

After installing the frame of the tower made of individual parts of faceted pipes 1 made of sheet steel, lower the basket 4 (Fig. 2, 3) to the lower position and attach to it with the help of tie bolts a collapsible design of a rotating mounting frame 11, consisting of two identical parts, and also attach to it hinged with two bolts the whole structure of the swinging cradle 13 (Figs. 3 and 4), made of profile pipes welded in the form of a U-shaped frame with fixing devices for placement in front of mpleksa optoelectronic devices and radio-electronic reconnaissance and targeting, and on the sides of the standard-issue small arms. In addition, to rotate the mounting frame 11 in a horizontal plane from 0 to ± 360 ° using a V-belt transmission, an electric drive 12 is connected with a worm gear and a pulley, and to ensure rotation of the swinging cradle 13 in a vertical plane from 0 to ± 50 °, an electric drive 14 s is installed a worm gear and a gear segment fixed by a middle part with a bolt to the swinging cradle 13, and also lay and connect a power supply cable to the distribution panel 22, the control cable from the automated of the operator’s workstation (AWP) and the power cable for controlling the equipment of the mounting frame 11. Then, after checking the operability of the equipment installed on the tower and securing the protective shield 15 above it, the completed mounting frame 11 is lifted using two winches 7 to the upper combat position. They put in the conical pipe-container 2 a spare tool 23, repair accessories, batteries 24 for emergency power supply, etc., close the shutter 25 to the lock with reinforcement with an additional bolt fastening.

Subsequently, in order to increase the protective properties during possible shelling of the object, to ensure the safe replacement of weapons or replenishment of ammunition, as well as for the convenience of maintenance and repair, especially in winter or in the conditions of the Far North and the Arctic, a protective shelter in the form of a trench can be arranged 27 using gabions 28 of bulk type (Fig. 2), which can additionally be dipped with soil or compacted snow with ice with the installation, if necessary, of an official camouflage coating Ia 29.

The dismantling of the multi-purpose observation and fire tower for its installation in a new place or transportation to the warehouse is carried out in the reverse order. To disassemble the tower and load the individual parts onto a transport vehicle, a lifting device is used. At the same time, first lower the mounting frame 11 down to remove the protective shield 15, optoelectronic devices and small arms, and also disconnect the tower’s power cable and cable from the automated control device. Two cables 6 are disconnected from the basket 4, and the electric cable with the electric drives 12 and 14 is removed. The free ends of the cable 6 and the electric cable are manually wound on winches 7 and on the coil 21, located inside the conical tube-container 2 (Fig. 6). Then the swinging cradle 13 is removed and the mounting frame 11 is dismantled. After that, the bolt fastening of the flanges is loosened, the crane equipment is connected to the steel pipes 1 of the tower, the bolts of the fastening are completely disconnected to the flange of the foundation pipe 3 and the tower is laid in a horizontal position for subsequent complete disassembly into separate links and elements. At the final stage, the cylindrical link of the foundation pipe is removed from the ground using crane equipment, and, if possible, the power cable is dismantled. Stacked in a conical pipe-container 2 spare tool 23, repair accessories, batteries 24 for emergency power, etc. close the shutter 25 to the lock with reinforcing it with additional bolt fastening.

Transportation of a set of multi-purpose observation and fire towers is carried out by any type of transport at any distance without restrictions. Loading and unloading and installation work is carried out with the involvement of lifting equipment and manually.

The advantages of the proposed multi-purpose observation and fire tower in comparison with well-known technical solutions, for example, with the analogue - the traditional design of the widespread armored observation tower VN-1 and the prototype - firing remote-controlled AP 701 complex are:

- higher effectiveness of combat use to protect targets and repel the attacks of terrorist groups day and night, especially in adverse weather conditions, the possibility of non-contact defeat of manpower and ground equipment, as well as helicopters, low-flying aircraft, small unmanned reconnaissance vehicles and ammunition barrage;

- providing widespread video and radio monitoring of the surrounding area to monitor its safe condition, identify the threat of preparing an attack, detect and defeat hiding terrorists, as well as block their cell phones and suppress signals from other radio facilities operating at different frequencies;

- complete safety, comfort of work and a significant reduction in the number of combat crews that remotely control reconnaissance, aiming and defeating the enemy several products at once, while in disguised sheltered shelters;

- the ability to use the tower as a dual-use product in peacetime and wartime as repeaters of television and cellular communications, as well as in the form of a lighting projector, including as a means of cover;

- the possibility of using the proposed device with anti-aircraft missile and radio engineering units as pre-fabricated radar stations for detecting and hitting low-flying unobtrusive targets or in the form of imitation stations in false locations to mislead the enemy and divert his weapons;

- the ability to erect a tower in a short time on a soil foundation without the installation of a special reinforced concrete foundation in any climatic conditions;

- ease of operation, minimum maintenance and repair costs, as well as equipment replacement or replenishment of ammunition without the involvement of special equipment;

- minimum weight and cost of construction, high transportability, ease of assembly or disassembly for reuse, including in remote areas of Siberia, the Far East or the Far North.

The readiness of the proposed technical device for the manufacture of prototypes and their use in the army is confirmed by the presence of drawings, the necessary personnel sets of optoelectronic reconnaissance and target recognition devices, automatic small arms, grenade launchers and light rocket weapons, as well as mass production technology mastered by numerous domestic industrial enterprises and companies metal supports in the form of faceted tubes, widely used for outdoor lighting , Mobile and television communications.

Theoretical studies and calculations show that the proposed multi-purpose observation and fire tower according to the main criterion for assessing "application efficiency - cost and feasibility" has indicators that are about one order higher compared to the analog-observation armored tower VN-1 and 4-5 times higher in comparison with the prototype - firing remotely controlled complex AP 701.

Claims (1)

Multipurpose observation and fire tower, consisting of a collapsible metal frame, an installation platform for surveillance devices, a targeting device and a firing unit with a protective visor, characterized in that the frame is made of individual parts of faceted steel pipes, including a conical link container pipes of control equipment, a cylindrical link of the foundation pipe and a movable hexagonal basket with cable system units for raising and lowering it with winches, to which Two ring elements are carefully attached in the form of a pulley and a drum for placing bearings in it of a rotating assembly collapsible frame with an electric drive and a swinging cradle using an electric drive, with fasteners for a complex of optoelectronic and electronic electronic reconnaissance and aiming devices, time firearms with protective swivel screen.

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