RU2714992C1 - Universal observing-fire loophole - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to small arms, and more specifically to devices for observation and fire. Universal observing-fire loophole consists of embrasure and metal attachment with loophole and shutter with tilting shield. Its metal attachment is made in form of mounting frame. An armored flapper with a viewing slot, a protective latch and rope pulls is pivotally attached to the frame on one side. On the opposite side, in a special window-slot, fixed collapsible ambushing box is fixed, made of separate antiricochet bullet-retaining metal composite panels. Panels are hinged to each other in tetrahedral structure by steel rods.

EFFECT: enabling the application scope expansion.

1 cl, 10 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of military affairs, and more specifically to devices for observing and firing from small arms and grenade launchers used in any climatic and hydrogeological conditions during fortification equipment of positions and areas of location of troops, to increase the security of personnel, reduce construction time firing structures and increasing the effectiveness of their combat use in solving problems of organizing territorial defense in local wars and armed conflicts max.

A device is known “Loophole hidden type” - analogue (RF Patent No. 2587132, IPC F41H 5/26, patent holder - Gennady Yavorsky Yavorsky (RU), publ. 06/10/2016), consisting of an armored corps with a hole, an armored shutter and its drive.

The disadvantage of this device is the narrow scope, mainly in structures with armored protection, as well as the inability to use in firing structures both open and closed, erected with a protective wall up to one meter thick.

The device “Precast machine gun construction SPS-4” is also known - a prototype (Manual “Troop Fortifications”, Military Publishing, Moscow, 1984, pp. 51-71), consisting of individual reinforced concrete elements and reinforced concrete embrasure, while on the embrasure wall, on the inside, there is a metal prefix with a loophole and a flap with a hinged flap, an arm with a table for an ammunition box and a recoil gun for firing from a heavy machine gun.

The disadvantage of this device is the impossibility of its use in military installations for observation and firing, both open and closed, erected with a protective soil thickness of up to one meter.

The objectives of the proposed technical device are:

- increasing the security of personnel and the effectiveness of the use of standard weapons;

- the possibility of application in various designs of fire structures of open and closed type, having a protective thickness of up to one meter;

- reduction of overall dimensions;

- reducing the time of erection of firing structures;

- improving the conditions for monitoring and control of firing units.

To solve the tasks, a design of a universal observation and fire loophole made of a metal mounting frame is proposed, to which an armored hinged flap with a viewing slot, a protective latch and cable brackets are pivotally attached on one side, and on the opposite side, it is motionless fixed collapsible embrasure box made of separate anti-ricochet bulletproof metal composite panels pivotally connected to each other in a tetrahedral w construction steel rods.

The essence of the proposed invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict: in FIG. 1 - shows a General view of the kit universal observation and fire loopholes in the operational position; in FIG. 2 - shows a General view of the tetrahedral embrasure box; in FIG. 3 - shows a front view of the mounting metal frame with an armored hinged flap with a viewing slot, a protective latch and cable guy wires; in FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a mounting frame with an open armored shutter; in FIG. 5 and 6 show panel assembly options using steel rods respectively in a flat protective coating and in an embrasure box; in FIG. 7 - shows the installation and mounting option of a universal observation and fire loophole in a protective wall erected from the gabions of the bulk type GNT-2 (GNT-1); in FIG. 8 - shows a general view of a fortification firing structure with a protective anti-splinter visor from elements of the FVS equipped with a universal observation and fire loophole; in FIG. 9 and 10 show, respectively, longitudinal and transverse sections of the loophole set in the packed position.

The claimed universal observation and fire loophole (Fig. 1-10), consisting of an embrasure and a metal prefix with a loophole and a flap with a hinged flap, differs in that the metal prefix is made in the form of a mounting frame 1, to which is pivotally attached on one side armored hinged shutter 2 with a viewing slot 3, a protective latch 4 and cable ties 5, and on the opposite side, in a special window-groove 6, a collapsible embrasure box 7, made of separate anti-rifle, is fixedly fixed s 8 pulezaderzhivayuschih metal composite panels hingedly interconnected in tetrahedral structure steel rods 9.

A feature of the universal loophole device is that, in addition to armored steel, for the damper 2, for its manufacture, mainly ordinary angular and profile steel from square and round pipes is used. They make the mounting frame 1 (Fig. 1, 3, 4) and the frame of the panels 8 of the embrasure box 7 (Fig. 1, 2, 5, 6). Inside the panel frame 8 using electric welding, a workpiece is fixed from expanded metal sheets (PVL - grades 410) 10 or from corrugated steel sheets. After that, under pressure in a special form, they are filled with foam composite material, for example, polystyrene foam or airgel. This design of metal composite panels provides in addition to their lightness, moisture resistance and durability, as well as high anti-rifle and bulletproof properties due to the optimal resistance to penetration of bullets and fragments.

Moreover, the proposed device provides the convenience of observing and firing in the sector of at least 60 ° from various types of automatic small arms (AKM assault rifles, RPK and PKM machine guns, as well as from SVD sniper rifles with optical sights and night vision sights). In addition, when equipping loopholes in trenches, open cells or shooting ranges, provided that there is no rear parapet, in some cases hand-held disposable anti-tank grenade launchers of the RPG-26 type (27) and rocket-propelled infantry flamethrowers RPO (Bumblebee) can be used. The technical solution of the loophole allows, if necessary, monitoring the enemy through a narrow slot with a fully enclosed armored shutter damper. Such a device, when used in enclosed firing structures, provides the possibility of opening and fixing the shutter on cable brackets at an angle of 45 degrees to safely ventilate the combat casemate from powder gases or to install it in a horizontal position in the form of a table, and also, if necessary, for the convenience of shooting using optical day and night sights allows you to completely lower it down when removing the cable guy wires.

For installation and fastening of the loophole to the enclosing protective walls of various military firing structures in the frame of the mounting frame 1 and in the outer part of the embrasure box 7, corresponding holes 11 with a diameter of 5-6 mm are provided (Fig. 1-5). For ease of operation of the loophole and ensuring the safety of calculation, its armored shutter 2 can be fixed in the closed position using a special latch 12 installed in the upper part of the mounting frame 1 (Fig. 1, 3).

To assemble a universal observation and fire loophole, first the panels 8 of the embrasure box 7 are connected to each other in one flat sheet using steel rods 9 and tubular elements 13 welded to the frame (Fig. 5). Then the pivotally connected panels are folded into a box (Fig. 6) in the form of a truncated tetrahedral pyramid, which is inserted with the top into a special window-groove 6, made in the mounting frame 1 (Fig. 1, 4, 7), after which the loophole is ready for installation in the construction of the firing structure.

The universal observation and fire loophole provides the possibility of its use without modification when equipping embrasures in any closed fire structures of industrial manufacture, for example, in the ChUM-RI observation and fire structure when erecting it in a foundation pit with a full soil bunding, and erected from local materials or gabions of bulk type GNT-2 (Fig. 7) with fastening to a metal mesh using wire twists 14. An option for a trench with an anti-splinter visor for firing and gun, built of two elements fortification wavy steel (PES) and 15-observant universal firing slits shown in FIG. 8.

In addition, embrasure panels 8, assembled in the same plane using steel rods 9 (Fig. 5), can be used as a protective visor or overlapping the machine gunner’s cell (machine gunner) to protect it not only from bullets and fragments, but also from adverse weather conditions (rain, snow, wind or intense solar radiation). At the same time, the mounting frame 1 with the shutter 2, in this case, is fixed on the parapet of the firing structure and is used in the form of an armored folding armor shield, providing improved technical characteristics of the loophole in elevation and declination angles, as well as by increasing the horizontal firing sector, which is for mountain or Hilly terrain is important.

For dismantling and subsequent packing of the loophole in the transport position, it is necessary, first of all, to disconnect it from the supporting structures of the firing structure, and then remove it from the ground and lay it on a flat platform. After that, in the reverse sequence, the embrasure box 7 is freed from the mounting frame 1 using an ax or a hammer, and the panels 8 are disconnected by removing the steel rods 9. Cleared of dirt and dried structural elements of the loophole are folded into a compact package (Fig. 9, 10) which is secured by packing belts 16 for subsequent transportation to a new installation location or to a storage warehouse.

Transportation of sets of universal observation and fire loopholes is carried out by any type of transport at any distance without restrictions. Loading and unloading operations are carried out with the use of lifting equipment when laying products on wooden pallets or in bags, as well as manually when transporting in separate sets.

The design of a universal observation and fire loophole complies with modern requirements for the effectiveness of combat use, security and resistance to enemy weapons.

The advantages of the proposed universal observation and fire loopholes in comparison with the well-known technical solutions are:

- the possibility of erecting loopholes in fortifications for monitoring and firing in the short term and in any climatic conditions;

- modern innovative technology for the production of the main parts of the structure;

- high anti-ricochet and bullet-loading properties of metal composite panels of a collapsible embrasure box;

- ease of operation, minimal costs for maintenance and repair;

- minimum weight and cost of construction, high portability and durability, as well as ease of assembly and disassembly for reuse.

The readiness of the proposed technical device for the implementation of prototypes and their use in the army is confirmed by the presence of drawings of the developed constructive solution of the loophole, as well as the possibility of modern technology for its production using the necessary innovative materials mastered by domestic industrial enterprises and companies.

Theoretical studies and calculations show that the proposed universal observational-fire loophole according to the main criterion for assessing "application efficiency - cost and feasibility" has indicators that are about two to three times higher compared to known analogues.

Claims (1)

Universal observation and fire loophole, consisting of an embrasure and a metal prefix with a loophole and a flap with a hinged flap, characterized in that the metal prefix is made in the form of a mounting frame, to which an armored hinged flap with a viewing slot, a protective latch is pivotally attached and cable braces, and on the opposite side, in a special groove window, a collapsible embrasure box made of separate anti-ricochet bullet-proof meshes is fixedly fixed allokompozitnyh panels hingedly interconnected in a tetrahedral structure with steel rods.

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