RU2591561C2 - Automated permanent fortification rocket launcher - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to military defensive fortification fire structures. Automatic fortification rocket installation base is made in form of a metal-sided container. Inside the container on swinging cradle in horizontal and inclined planes by means of electric drives, screw shafts, expansion and u-shaped brackets fixed frame unit transporter-Launcher container antitank surface-to-air missiles together with the set of optical-electronic devices for detecting, aiming and target tracking. To swinging cradle additionally fixed is a protective masking screen, which is simultaneously cover of container, and steel disk rotating by means of electric drive with chain gearing and sprocket between circular elements of fluoroplastic.

EFFECT: high efficiency of using automated fortification rocket unit.

1 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of military affairs, and more specifically to military defensive fortification fire installations used in the engineering equipment of military theaters, for the arrangement in a short time of border areas, fortified areas and coastlines, as well as for the protection of critical military and state facilities from enemy ground and air attacks.

A device is known "Lurking firing structure of remote control" - analogue (RF Patent No. 118418, IPC 6 F41H 5/24, application No. 2012105246 of 02/14/2012, Bull., No. 20 of 07/20/2012), consisting of a base closed cylindrical shape with bends at both ends and a supporting ring element for mounting by means of bearings a rotating disk with a rectangular opening, in which a flat rotary platform with a mounting plate in the form of a cradle and clamps for mounting weapons, aiming devices and an electromechanical drive is fixed on two axes While to review the terrain and target selection on top of the disk is provided Wide-video camera, and the bottom - steel frame with an asterisk and an electromechanical drive with chain transmission.

The disadvantages of this technical device are the small size of the turntable, especially in width, limiting the number and type of small arms to be installed, as well as surveillance and aiming devices, and the susceptibility to falling asleep in winter snow when turning from a hidden position to a combat position and vice versa.

A device is known “Construction for firing" - a prototype (RF Patent No. 97512, IPC 6 F41H 11/00, application No. 201004731 from 02/11/2010, Bull., No. 25 from 09/10/2010), consisting of a closed base a cylindrical shape with a bottom, grousers and with a rotating disk mounted directly on it, in the opening of which a movable plate in the form of a cradle is mounted on the spring shock absorbers for mounting on it with brackets and coupling bolts of small arms and guidance devices, which can be closed from above with a light protective bronze cover in the form truncated pyramid with Ryshkov, laterally from the outside and from above are provided on the lid for mounting brackets and anti-air defense weapon systems, and the bottom is fixed to the rotary mounting poluramy lifting and lowering mechanisms, and rotating actuator arms via a remote control system by radio or wired communication line.

The disadvantage of this device is its high vulnerability, which reduces survivability and combat effectiveness, due to the elevation above the ground and the complexity of camouflage measures to hide from modern automated reconnaissance and strike weapons of the enemy.

The objectives of the proposed technical solution are: to increase survivability and combat efficiency by hiding and robotizing aiming control systems and using a multiply-charged multi-purpose universal launcher, which enables the use of various types of guided anti-tank (anti-aircraft) rockets, grenade launchers, flamethrowers in an automated mode of combat work with high fire performance and automatic small arms to defeat enemy ground and air targets; reducing the complexity of the device firing position and the timing of the engineering equipment of the most likely theaters of war during the threatened period, especially in tank-dangerous areas, as well as improving operational characteristics, reducing the cost and magnitude of damage when defeated by the enemy.

The solution of the tasks is achieved by the fact that in the proposed technical solution, the base is made in the form of a metal tetrahedral container, inside of which the frame of the transport-launch container is fixed using electric drives with screw shafts, extendable rods and U-shaped brackets in horizontal and inclined planes. with universal attachment points for anti-tank (anti-aircraft) missiles along with a set of optoelectronic devices for detecting, aiming and tracking waiting for the goal, while additionally fixed to the swinging cradle: on top - a protective-camouflage screen, which is also the lid of the container, and on the bottom - a steel disk rotating between ring elements having a low coefficient of friction, for example of fluoroplastic, installed in the opening of a support flat metal frame moving up and down by means of an electric drive with two coaxial screw shafts, couplings and lifting levers pivotally attached to its ends.

The essence of the proposed design of the invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict: in FIG. 1 is a general view of an automated fortification missile launcher at a firing position in a combat position; in FIG. 2 - longitudinal section in a hidden (folded) position; in FIG. 3 is a view of a rocket launcher in combat position when firing direct fire; in FIG. 4 - cross-section in combat position when firing direct fire; in FIG. 5 - a set of rocket launchers in a packed (folded) position for manual transportation and transportation or storage; in FIG. 6 is an embodiment of the use of rocket launchers in the form of a mobile fire weapon equipped on a truck platform; in FIG. 7 is an embodiment of reinforcing a checkpoint using automated fortification missile launchers.

An automated fortification missile launcher (Fig. 1-6) consists of a closed base 1 with a bottom 2 and a rotating disk 3 mounted on it. A movable plate in the form of a cradle for mounting on it using brackets and coupling bolts of small arms and guidance devices, closed from above with a light protective armor-clad closure. The proposed device is characterized in that in it the base 1 is made in the form of a metal tetrahedral container, inside of which on a swinging cradle 4 in horizontal and inclined planes using electric drives 5 and 6, screw shafts 7 and 8, extendable rods 9, 10 and U-shaped brackets 11 fixed frame 12 of the block of transport and launch containers 13 anti-tank (anti-aircraft) missiles, together with a set of optoelectronic devices 14 for detecting, aiming and tracking targets, while additionally closing the swinging cradle 4 Lena: on top - a protective and camouflage screen 15, which is also the lid of the container, and on the bottom - a steel disk 3, rotating with an electric drive 16 with a chain gear 17 and an asterisk 18 between the ring elements of fluoroplastic 19 installed in the opening of the supporting flat metal frame 20, moving up and down by means of an electric drive 21 with coaxial screw shafts 22, couplings 23 and lifting arms 24, pivotally attached to its ends.

The proposed technical device can be used in an automated mode with remote control via radio channels or a wired communication line. Block transport and launch containers 13 allows you to fire "in one gulp" with two missiles in one beam at one particularly dangerous target. Such single and group fire weapons have, as a rule, combined weapons and are controlled by operators who are in a disguised protective structure in comfortable conditions. At the same time, individual firing installations can have mainly anti-tank weapons and one or two machine guns (automatic weapons) for self-defense. In areas of terrain inaccessible for military equipment, firing installations are equipped mainly with anti-aircraft missiles and anti-personnel small arms.

An automated fortification missile launcher erected on the ground, depending on the conditions of the combat situation, may be:

1. In a combat position after raising a weapon and aiming it at a selected object for delivering a sudden fire strike against ground or air targets of the enemy (Figs. 1, 3 and 4);

2. In a hidden (waiting) position (Fig. 2) with a disguise of its surface against the background of the surrounding area;

3. In the initial (hidden) position after the completion of the fire mission and the expiration of ammunition;

4. In the position of maintenance and replenishment of spent ammunition with the frame 12 of the transport-launch container block 13 raised.

An automated fortification rocket launcher (Fig. 1-6) for combat work is equipped with a set of optoelectronic devices 14 and various types of fire equipment mounted on the frame 12 of the transport and launch container block 13 with the corresponding electric drives 5, 6 and 16 of guidance in horizontal and vertical planes , in the limited and circular sectors, as well as with the electric drive 21 for lifting (lowering) the block of transport-launch containers 13 to the combat (hidden) position, linked to the microprocessor 25 digital computation casting equipment and the receiving and transmitting device 26 with a unified algorithm for controlling, processing and transmitting the received information when conducting terrain reconnaissance, detection, recognition (identification), aiming at selected objects and delivering a fire strike to them. For armament of a fire installation, up to 5 anti-tank or anti-aircraft missiles can be used in transport and launch containers 13. In addition, hand-held anti-tank grenade launchers of the RPG-26, RPG-22 type (reactive infantry flamethrowers of the RPO Bumblebee type) can also be used 27 and 1-2 machine guns (machine guns) 28. Such weapons, if necessary, can be additionally mounted on top of the protective-camouflage screen directly to its tie bolts using special removable clamps. At the same time, the sector of view and shelling of a rocket launcher is from 0 to 360 degrees, and the elevation angles of optical instruments are 14 and fire means are from 0 to +60 degrees.

To ensure the combat operation of the firing system, the controlled optoelectronic devices 14 are mounted on a mounting plate 29 (Fig. 4) attached to the swinging arms in horizontal and inclined planes on the U-shaped brackets 11 of the cradle 4, which is driven by aiming mechanisms consisting of from electric drives 5 and 6 with lowering worm gearboxes and corresponding screw shafts 7 and 8, as well as extendable rods 9 and 10. To move in the circular sector, the electric drive 16 is switched on, for example, with a chain transmission 17, which is connected via an asterisk 18 to the bottom of the steel disk 3 (Fig. 2-4). The steel disk 3 rotates in the opening of the supporting rectangular metal frame 20 between the annular elements 19 of fluoroplastic. In addition, to the swinging cradle 4, the frame 12 of the block of transport and launch containers 13 missiles with universal nodes for mounting on the sides and top both anti-tank type "Cornet" and anti-aircraft type "Arrow", "Needle" is fixed. The design of the cradle 4 is pivotally connected to the steel disk 3 using U-shaped brackets 11. For raising and lowering the warhead on the bottom of the container 2, an electric drive 21 is provided with coaxial screw shafts 22, clutches 23 and lifting arms 24 pivotally attached to both ends supporting metal flat frame 20. When the electric drive 21 is turned on, the double coaxial screw shaft 22, rotating, moves the levers 24 into the vertical or inclined position from both sides by means of the couplings 23 at the same time, lifting them over the top ited earth (Fig. 1, 3 and 4) or in a hidden position omitting flat metal support frame 20 together with the warhead (FIG. 2).

The combat effectiveness of an automated fortification missile launcher (Fig. 1-7) largely depends on the used optoelectronic devices 14, digital computing equipment 25, a device for receiving and transmitting information 26, an external electronic control panel (tablet) 30 and their interaction algorithm between themselves and with the mechanisms for driving weapons, as well as from the practical skills of operators. In this case, a set of optoelectronic devices 14 for aiming at air and ground targets is fixed in the center of the block of transport and launch containers 13. As such devices 14, a ready-made modern sighting device developed for the Kornet-EM anti-tank missile system, made on the base of the Tiger armored car (for example, a 1P45M-1 sight-targeting device with a missile launch mechanism and a 1PN79M-1 thermal imaging sight with an electronic module). The remote control panel (tablet) 30 may reflect on the display a topographic map of the area indicating the distance and speed of the targets, the direction of movement and their nationality. In the transport position, all elements of the rocket launcher control equipment are fixed inside the container in a separate compartment 31.

An automated fortification missile launcher (Fig. 1), depending on the conditions of the combat situation, can fire at air targets in a circular sector from various fire weapons. With such a set of weapons and subject to their intensive use with maximum fire performance, the probability of hitting a target such as a helicopter or a remotely controlled enemy air vehicle can be up to 75%. To destroy ground targets with direct fire in limited or circular sectors (Figs. 3, 4), anti-tank multi-purpose missile systems of the Kornet type (9M133-1 and 9M missiles can be used against military and special equipment, robotic weapons and enemy manpower) 133F-1) 32, hand grenade launchers (jet infantry flamethrowers) 27 and machine guns (machine guns) 28. Placement options for optoelectronic aiming devices 14, products of the “Cornet” type 32 (“Arrow”, “Needle”), grenade launchers (flamethrowers) 27 and machine guns (machine guns) 28, as well as the nature of the firing position fortification equipment, are shown in FIG. 1-4.

The order of combat operation of an automated fortification missile installation is as follows. The commander of a group of operators, having received an order from the unit commander for the combat use of firearms, gives a command to transfer them to the combat position, indicating the coordinates of the targets, their removal, direction and speed of movement, etc. The rocket launcher is put into the combat position using electric drive 21 which provides the lifting block of the transport and launch containers 13 along with missiles and aiming devices 14, providing the possibility of firing at ground targets with direct fire with minimal elevation above the surface the surface of the earth. If you need better visibility and shelling, especially when equipping a firing position in tall grass or snow cover, the warhead can be raised to the required (or maximum) height using brackets 11 by turning on the electric drive 5. To enable shooting at air targets and over long distances from a closed fire position, the fire means are rotated in a vertical plane at an angle of up to 60 degrees due to the inclusion of an electric drive 6 of the cradle 4. For rotation the frame 12 of the block of transport and launch containers 13 together with missiles and small arms in the circular or limited sectors is included in the operation of the electric drive 16. When firing at air targets, the warhead can be rotated in horizontal and vertical planes at the same time by turning on the electric drives 6 and 16. For to protect and hide optical instruments and weapons from adverse weather conditions and enemy reconnaissance equipment, a protective mask is fixed to the launch guide block with the help of coupling bolts leveling screen 15. To ensure the convenience of operators and the possibility of replenishing spent ammunition, as well as maintenance, a group of firearms is assigned a three-person crew of spotting observers with binoculars, night vision devices and communications equipment. At the same time, to replenish the ammunition, a field warehouse is arranged at a distance of 30-50 m from the firing position of the fortification missile installation.

The proposed technical device for the convenience of manual transportation, transportation and storage is placed in a container (Fig. 5), which can be transported by any type of transport at any distance without restrictions. The container is carried by a crew of four people by the handles 33 attached to its body. Mechanized loading or unloading of the package can be carried out by any lifting means. Up to six sets can be transported on a KamAZ or Ural truck.

The erection of a firing installation on the ground (Fig. 1-4, 7) is carried out in a short time due to small weight and size parameters and compact design. At the same time, there is no need to use means of mechanization for the device of the pit and in the use of lifting mechanisms. Before installing the firearms, the terrain is assessed to select a tactically advantageous firing position with natural protective and camouflaging properties, as well as with the possibility of firing in a circular sector without the presence of dead zones. After that, a small depression is made manually, equal in size to a metal tetrahedral container, which, by calculation of four people, using handles 33, sets it on the firing position. For reliable fastening of the container, it is sprinkled with soil with simultaneous compaction. Then the firing unit is put into a combat position to check the operability of all mechanisms (units) and securing the necessary weapons, after which the firing unit is put on combat duty, taking a hidden waiting position. To hide the rocket launcher against the background of the surrounding area, especially with advance equipment of the firing position, fragments of service camouflage coatings are used, as well as local improvised material (tree branches, shrubs, grass, snow, soil, etc.).

The firing system is assembled at the factory. First, a metal container is made with a removable lid, which is both a protective and camouflage screen 15. Then the main components are manufactured. A support flat metal frame 20 is assembled together with a steel disk 3 and an electric drive 16 rotating between the annular fluoroplastic elements 19 and an electric actuator 16. The electric actuator 21 with a worm gear, coaxial helical shafts 22, couplings 23 and lifting arms 24 is mounted on the container bottom. A swinging cradle 4 is assembled in the form of a frame with a mounting plate 29 attached to it for optoelectronic devices 14, U-shaped brackets 11, frame 12 of the transport and launch container block 13 and electric drives 5 and 6 with corresponding screw shafts 7 and 8, as well as with sliding rods 9 and 10. After that, all the components are assembled together, and in one of the compartments 31 of the container, special microprocessor 25, a transmitting and receiving device 26, an external electronic control panel 30, a current source 34, are installed on special shelves parts, tools and accessories 35. Weapons and sights to facilitate carrying are usually installed on the launcher after completion of the firing position equipment, depending on the assigned combat mission. Maintenance and repair of mechanisms, special devices and units can be carried out in the field directly at the equipped firing position through the provided technological windows.

The proposed technical device has a relatively simple design, small overall dimensions and compactness when folded, which compares it favorably with existing analogues. According to its tactical and technical parameters, an automated fortification rocket launcher meets modern requirements and is a promising technical and technological means of engineering weapons used to combat enemy ground and air targets using modern Kornet missiles in combination with various small arms. In the threatened period of time, in the conduct of local wars and armed conflicts, such funds can be used in large quantities when organizing territorial defense, equipping border areas, fortified areas and coastlines in a short time, as well as in solving tasks related to the protection and defense of especially important military and government facilities. The advantage of the proposed device is the increased firepower of the used set of weapons, the ability to intensively attack the enemy with high firepower in a short period of time with modern short-term combat operations and remote automated control, as well as providing mutual cover to protect against destruction by enemy reconnaissance groups up to self-destruction while trying to capture. In addition, such tools, if necessary, can be used as mobile firing installations when placing them on the platforms of trucks and securing them from the ends, sides and between launchers with soil bags 36 (Fig. 6). Management of fire weapons can be carried out from the cab, from an equipped protective structure or using the natural protective and masking properties of the area.

This device can be used in armed conflict to strengthen roadblocks (Fig. 7). Such products, especially when combined with mine explosive barriers, can provide them with reliable active protection. In this case, one operator, being in a disguised defensive structure 37, can control a set of concealed rocket launchers 38, providing effective cover, practically by direct fire (Fig. 3), of distant A and near B approaches, as well as the possibility of defeating the enemy after overcoming ( suppression) the block of the post in zone B. Moreover, the maximum range of defeat of the enemy from the closed firing positions can be up to 10 km.

The successful combat use of rocket launchers depends entirely on the preparedness of the operators. At the same time, such a device can be used as a universal combat training complex for training operators without spending expensive ammunition, replacing them with a machine gun (machine gun) and fixing the laser beam reflected from the target when it is captured with an aiming device.

The proposed technical device, due to the positive characteristics inherent in the combat capabilities of promising robotic remote control devices, after fine-tuning the design at preliminary and state tests, as well as conducting a certain amount of combat training, can become an effective weapon for hitting ground combat equipment and air targets (helicopters , drones and low-flying aircraft), as well as enemy manpower.

The readiness of the proposed technical device for the experimental verification of the working layout is confirmed by the presence of the necessary design documentation and the possibility of manufacturing by the specialized industrial enterprises of the necessary individual parts, assemblies and mechanisms or their purchase through the distribution network.

In addition, existing samples of optoelectronic devices can be used, including standard 1P45M-1 and 1PN79M used for the Kornet-EM mobile missile system, remote electronic control panels (tablets), small-sized digital computing equipment, small-sized electric drives, and the corresponding modern weapons.

Thus, the advantages of the proposed automated fortification missile launcher in comparison with the known technical solutions of existing analogues are:

- high combat effectiveness and survivability;

- stealth and surprise combat use;

- simplicity and profitability of the design;

- stealth in combat position due to small projections of the firearm in the vertical and horizontal planes, which makes it difficult for the enemy to detect and destroy it;

- the possibility of combat use in an automated mode with remote control by the operator via radio channels or a wireline from a command post located in a separate camouflaged and protected fortification structure;

- the safety of personnel in the conduct of hostilities due to the lack of direct fire contact with the enemy, which is carried out by means of a robotic means;

- the ability to control from a protected point simultaneously a group of fire systems;

- the possibility of mutual cover to protect against destruction by enemy reconnaissance groups and to ensure self-liquidation when trying to capture;

- the adequacy of promising new generation weapons aimed at counteracting the means of destruction of a technologically superior enemy;

- differentiation of the use of time weapons (without increasing the range) for various air and ground targets, depending on their type, size, distance, speed and importance;

- a decrease in the priority of a firearm as a target for defeating the enemy due to its stealth;

- causing minimal damage when the firing system is defeated by the enemy;

- reducing the time of the equipment firing position due to the minimum dimensions of the design and high combat readiness of the firing system;

- ensuring long-term operation and storage.

A positive characteristic of the proposed design is also a high probability of the possibility of mass sales of products through Rosoboronexport OJSC for solving tasks to strengthen territorial defense, given their high combat effectiveness, survivability, simplicity of design, low cost and ease of development. Such products provide the possibility of complete concealment from ground reconnaissance and destruction means due to soil debris and placement no higher than the ground surface. When compared with mobile armored vehicles armed with Kornet-EM missiles, which have approximately the same warhead, their cost is two orders of magnitude higher, and survivability with modern aerospace reconnaissance equipment and the capabilities of the enemy’s automated reconnaissance and strike systems has a low for large dimensions, elevation above the surface of the earth and moving without camouflage.

Theoretical studies and calculations show that the proposed technical device according to the main criterion for evaluating "combat effectiveness of the application - cost - feasibility" has indicators approximately 2-3 times higher compared to existing analogues.

Claims (1)

An automated fortification missile launcher, consisting of a closed base with a bottom and a rotating disk mounted on it, in the opening of which a movable plate is fixed in the form of a cradle for mounting on it using brackets and coupling bolts of small arms and guidance devices, which can be closed from above with a light protective armor protection, characterized in that in it the base is made in the form of a metal tetrahedral container, inside of which on a swinging cradle in horizontal and inclined planes at the power of electric drives, helical shafts, spacers and U-shaped brackets secured the frame of the block of transport and launch containers of anti-tank or anti-aircraft missiles together with a set of optoelectronic devices for detecting, aiming and tracking the target, while additionally fixed to the swinging cradle: on top - protective a camouflage screen, which is also the lid of the container, and below is a steel disk that rotates with an electric drive with a chain drive and an asterisk between the annular elements of ftoropl hundred installed in the opening of a support flat metal frame, moving up and down by means of an electric drive with coaxial screw shafts, couplings and lifting levers pivotally attached to its ends.

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