RU2755951C1 - Method for active protection of object from upper hemisphere - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: protective equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method for active protection of an object from the upper hemisphere. For active protection of the object, an air intruder is detected by means of detection, an analysis of the degree of threat to the protected object is performed, target designation is issued to the means of destruction, detected intruder is hit with the help of a guided multi-barrel launch container with means of destruction launched in a certain way.

EFFECT: increase of the efficiency of round-the-clock protection from the upper hemisphere of objects of both military and civilian purposes from multiple inconspicuous small-sized violating air objects.

9 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a method of active protection of guarded objects from the upper hemisphere from air attacking targets and can be used in the protection of both military facilities (warehouses, structures, military equipment and the accumulation of military personnel, etc.), and civil and industrial facilities (infrastructural buildings, schools, hospitals, stadiums, etc.).

In the case of military equipment (mainly armored vehicles), there are both foreign and domestic methods of protection, where active protection complexes (KAZ) are used, for example, Drozd (Tula Instrument Design Bureau), Arena (Kolomenskoe Mechanical Engineering Design Bureau), " Afghanite ". However, all of them require an increase in the effectiveness of lethal countermeasures to increasingly improving ammunition directly attacking from above: anti-tank guided missiles, air-to-surface missiles, self-aiming combat elements with a shock core of cluster munitions, strike unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and / or small-sized missiles dropped from them. guided aerial bombs (with the exception of high-speed kinetic ammunition). Reconnaissance UAVs, which correct the aiming of weapons at military targets and / or provide laser illumination of targets, are no less dangerous. In this case, the active protection complex must operate at a greater distance (up to 1 km).

In the case of protecting civilian objects and places of mass gathering of people, no methods of active protection are known. The most probable is the attack of these objects from above or at an extremely low altitude with the help of shock UAVs and / or small-sized guided aerial bombs dropped from them. The use of guided air-to-surface missiles cannot be ruled out, min. It is also necessary to suppress unauthorized UAV flights. Counteraction to attacks on civilian objects should practically exclude their defeat from the work of KAZ, which is uncharacteristic for most military KAZ, and be, if possible, non-lethal.

Known self-defense methods use complexes consisting of:

- means of detection and target designation, as a rule, radar stations (radars) of various ranges or phased arrays and, often, additionally passive sensors (UV and / or IR ranges, acoustic), detecting targets by characteristic features, and short-range laser emitters. It is known that in the USSR, within the framework of the Veer-2 research and development work, sensors of the optical range were tested, but they were rejected, while abroad the development of KAZ with optical detection and target designation devices continues;

- an electronic control unit that calculates the trajectory of the target movement, the range and time of approach to the object, selects the countermeasure option and issues control signals to active protection means: in particular, protective ammunition fired from stationary (for example, along the perimeter of a tank turret) or mobile (on carriages, multi-barrel mortars with the ability to rotate in horizontal and vertical planes) guides and having different types of warheads: high-explosive, fragmentation, shock nuclei, matrix fields of impact nuclei. Protective ammunition can be made in the form of gunpowder fans, unguided anti-missile missiles or rocket-propelled grenades; as well as homing missiles of various vertical launch ranges, equipped with a non-directional fragmentation warhead, a propulsion engine, impulse trajectory correction engines and an internal inertial guidance system to a given meeting point with a target.

A method of self-defense is known from the field of technology, implemented by the self-defense system of the vehicle "INROG" [RF patent No. 2 339 898, IPC F41H 11/02, F41H 5/007, publ. November 27, 2008 bull. No. 33], which consists in detecting an air intruder object by means of detection, analyzing the degree of threat to a guarded object and issuing target designation to means of destruction, and defeat the detected air intruder object using a guided multi-barreled launch container with launched weapons. In this method, an air intruder object (attacking projectile) is detected by means of a radar station, the trajectory parameters of the attacking projectile are also measured, the launch container is directed at the attacking projectile, and the moment of launching the anti-projectile is determined. In the case of using a temporary fuse, a temporary installation is introduced into the anti-projectile, the anti-projectile is ejected from the barrel of the launch container using a propellant propellant charge, and the anti-projectile is detonated at a given distance from the attacking projectile using a rangefinder-type proximity fuse, or with the help of a temporary fuse.

This method, taken as a prototype, refers to self-defense systems of vehicles, mainly tanks, against attacking shells, mainly anti-tank guided missiles and anti-tank grenades.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the low efficiency of protection of the protected object from attacks of multiple inconspicuous small-sized air targets from the side of the upper hemisphere, namely:

- the impossibility of protecting the protected object from the simultaneous attack of multiple airborne intruders, both at different elevation angles and in azimuth;

- the lack of the possibility of hitting air targets-intruders in the direction close to the vertical;

- the impossibility of detecting low-speed or hovering air intruders, for example, UAVs, by radar means, as well as the difficulty of detecting them against the background of the underlying surface or in rough terrain;

- the lack of the possibility of non-lethal impact on the air object-intruder;

- the possibility of negative impact on the protected object;

- relatively low efficiency of destruction of small-sized airborne objects-intruders by a fragmentation field.

The objective and the technical result to be achieved by the claimed invention is to provide effective round-the-clock protection from the upper hemisphere of both military and civilian objects from multiple inconspicuous small-sized air intruders, including those simultaneously attacking at different elevation angles and in azimuth with the ability to hang.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the method of active protection of the object from the side of the upper hemisphere, which consists in detecting an airborne intruder by means of detection, analyzing the degree of threat to the guarded object and issuing target designation to means of destruction, and hitting the detected airborne intruder using a guided multi-barreled launch container with launched by means of destruction, according to the invention, the detection of airborne objects-intruders is carried out by means of several optical stereoscopic detection systems with range selection, observing the entire upper hemisphere simultaneously in all directions of the raid, the analysis of the degree of threat to the protected object is carried out simultaneously on all optical stereoscopic images recorded by these systems, followed by the choice of means of counteraction to each intruder, while the launch container is installed on a rotating platform, and the launcher barrels and set at different elevation angles and at least one in azimuth.

The use of stereoscopic optical detection systems makes it possible to search for low-speed or hovering air intruders. Detection of airborne intruders by means of several optical stereoscopic detection systems with range selection, observing the entire upper hemisphere simultaneously in all directions of the raid, provides effective round-the-clock protection against multiple, inconspicuous, small-sized airborne intruders. The effectiveness of protection is also due to the fact that the analysis of the degree of threat to the protected object is carried out simultaneously on all optical stereoscopic images recorded by the indicated systems, followed by the choice of a means of counteraction to each intruder object.

The installation of a multi-barreled launch container on a rotating platform, the trunks of which are deployed at different elevation angles and at least one in azimuth, provides an increase in the responsiveness to threats from the upper hemisphere, thereby increasing the effectiveness of the protection of objects from multiple air intruders, including simultaneous attack at different elevation angles and azimuth with the possibility of hovering.

In addition, in order to detect air intruder objects in the dark and at night, when an air intruder is detected, the upper hemisphere is additionally illuminated above the protected object in the spectral range of stereoscopic images registration.

In addition, in order to defeat the intruder air object heading towards the protected object from the upper hemisphere at an unknown beforehand angle to the protected object, the weapons are launched in the direction of the predicted position of the intruder air object from the closest barrel along the platform rotation in azimuth and elevation angle.

In addition, in order to defeat multiple air intruder objects simultaneously attacking a guarded object in different directions, weapons are launched from different launcher barrels that are closest to each of the attacking air intruders, including with a possible re-launch of weapons from following along the path of rotation of the rotary platform of the barrel, thereby significantly increasing the ammunition of the countermeasure system.

In addition, in order to destroy an airborne intruder near a protected object, a charge of shrapnel or bound shrapnel is used as a means of destruction.

In addition, in order to capture the airborne intruder on the distant approaches to the guarded object, a network deployed with the help of at least three small-sized powder rockets launched from the corresponding barrels of the launch container is used as a means of destruction.

In addition, in order to influence the airborne intruder on distant approaches to the guarded object, a small-sized rocket with an optical homing head is used as a means of destruction, while the airborne intruder is hit when it reaches the position determined by the onboard optical proximity sensor of the missile target.

In addition, in order to destroy an airborne intruder on distant approaches to a guarded object, fragments of a high-explosive fragmentation warhead of a small-sized missile with an optical homing head or a warhead with deployable cutting elements are used as a lethal weapon.

In addition, in order to capture the airborne intruder on the distant approaches to the guarded object, a net delivered by a small-sized rocket with an optical homing head is used as a non-lethal means of destruction to the area where the airborne intruders are located, ensuring their capture.

Thus, the totality of all the above features creates the conditions for effective round-the-clock protection from the upper hemisphere of objects, both military and civilian, from multiple inconspicuous small-sized airborne intruders, including simultaneously attacking at different elevation angles and in azimuth with the possibility freezes.

The presence in the claimed invention of features that distinguish it from the prototype makes it possible to consider it as corresponding to the "novelty" condition.

New features, which contain the distinctive part of the claims, have not been identified in technical solutions for a similar purpose. On this basis, it can be concluded that the claimed invention meets the condition "inventive step".

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

in fig. 1 shows a device that implements the inventive method of active protection in the event of the destruction of an airborne intruder near the protected object;

in fig. 2 shows a device that implements the inventive method of active protection, in the event of the capture of an airborne intruder on distant approaches to the protected object;

in fig. 3 shows a device that implements the inventive method of active protection in the event of an airborne intruder object being hit at distant approaches to the guarded object;

in fig. 4 shows a block diagram of a small-sized rocket with an optical homing head.

In these drawings, the following designations are accepted:

1 - guarded object;

2 - optical stereoscopic detection system;

3 - electronic control unit;

4 - intruder object;

5 - rotating platform;

6 - multi-barreled launch container;

7 - barrel of the launch container;

8 - whether shrapnel is bound shrapnel;

9 - network;

10 - small-sized powder rocket;

11 - box for placing the network between at least three shafts of the launch container;

12 - small-sized missile with an optical homing head;

13 - mesh;

14 - fragments of a high-explosive fragmentation warhead or a warhead with deployable cutting elements;

15 - missile body with an optical homing head;

16 - optical proximity sensor of the missile target with an optical homing head;

17 - warhead of a missile with an optical homing head;

18 - onboard optical homing head;

19 - powder rocket engine with an optical homing head.

The proposed method is carried out as follows.

By means of several stereoscopic optical detection systems 2 located directly above the protected object 1, observing the entire upper hemisphere above the protected object 1 simultaneously in all directions of the raid of air intruders 4, they search for intruder air objects 4 with their selection by range. When intruder objects 4 are detected, using the electronic control unit 3, the degree of threat to the guarded object 1 is analyzed simultaneously for all optical stereoscopic images recorded by these systems, followed by the choice of a means of counteraction to each intruder 4, and target designation is issued to countermeasures. Countermeasures (defeat or capture) are launched from the barrels 7 of the guided multi-barreled launch container 6, mounted on a rotating platform 5. In this case, the barrels 7 of the launch container 6 are installed at different elevation angles and at least one in azimuth.

To defeat the airborne intruder 4, heading to the protected object 1 from the upper hemisphere at an unknown angle to the guarded object 1 in advance, the launching means is carried out in the direction of the predicted position of the airborne object - the intruder 4 from the closest barrel 7 along the rotation of the platform 5 along azimuth and elevation.

To defeat multiple air targets-intruders 4 simultaneously attacking guarded object 1 in different directions, launching means of destruction is carried out from different trunks 7 of the launch container 6, which are closest to each of the attacking air objects - intruders 4, including with a possible re-launch of means of destruction from following along the path of rotation of the rotary platform 5 of the barrel 7, thereby significantly increasing the ammunition of the counteraction system.

To detect airborne intruders 4 in the dark and at night, upon detection of an airborne intruder 4, the upper hemisphere is additionally illuminated (not shown) above the protected object 1 in the spectral range of stereoscopic image registration.

To destroy the airborne intruder 4 near the protected object 1, a charge of shrapnel 8 or associated shrapnel is used as a means of destruction.

To capture the airborne intruder 4 on the distant approaches to the guarded object 1, a network 9 is used as a countermeasure, deployed using at least three small-size powder rockets 10 launched from the corresponding barrels 7 of the launch container 6, while the network 9 is initially placed in the container eleven.

To influence the airborne intruder 4 on distant approaches to the guarded object 1, a small-sized missile 12 with an optical homing head 18 is used as a means of destruction. FIG. 4 schematically shows a small-sized rocket 12 with an optical homing head, where an optical proximity sensor 16 is located in the nose of the body 15 of the rocket 12, which issues a signal to trigger the warhead 17 upon reaching a predetermined distance to the airborne intruder. Aiming at the object 4 is carried out according to the signals of the onboard optical homing head 18, which can be structurally combined with the optical proximity sensor of the target 16. The small-sized rocket is driven by the powder engine 19. The damage to the airborne object-intruder 4 is performed when it reaches the position determined by the onboard optical non-contact missile target sensor 12.

To destroy the airborne intruder 4 on the distant approaches to the guarded object 1, fragments 14 of the high-explosive fragmentation warhead 17 of a small-sized rocket 12 or a warhead with deployable cutting elements (not shown) are used as a lethal weapon.

To capture the airborne intruder 4 on distant approaches to the guarded object 1, a grid 13 is used as a non-lethal means of destruction, delivered by a small-sized rocket 12 to the area where the airborne intruder 4 is located, ensuring its capture.

Currently, the development of documentation on the results of experimental modeling of individual elements of the KAZ is underway, it is planned to manufacture and preliminary tests of the device for active protection of the object from the side of the upper hemisphere, made in accordance with the claimed invention.

The presented information testifies to the fulfillment of the following set of conditions when using the claimed invention:

- the claimed method of active protection of an object from the side of the upper hemisphere is intended to be used as an operational method of self-defense of a protected object from airborne intruders both for various military stationary and mobile objects, and for a wide range of civil and industrial facilities;

- the claimed method, when used, is capable of providing effective round-the-clock protection from the upper hemisphere of both military and civilian objects from multiple inconspicuous small-sized air intruders, including simultaneously attacking at different elevation angles and in azimuth with the possibility of hovering;

- for the proposed method in the form in which it is characterized in the claims, the possibility of its implementation is confirmed using the means and methods described in the application and known before the priority date.

Therefore, the claimed method of active protection meets the condition of "industrial applicability".

Claims (9)

1. A method of active protection of an object from the side of the upper hemisphere, which consists in detecting an airborne intruder by means of detection, analyzing the degree of threat to a protected object and issuing target designation to means of destruction and destruction of a detected airborne intruder using a guided multi-barreled launch container with launched weapons, which is different by the fact that the detection of airborne intruders is carried out by means of several optical stereoscopic detection systems with range selection, observing the entire upper hemisphere simultaneously in all directions of the attack, the analysis of the degree of threat to the protected object is carried out simultaneously on all optical stereoscopic images recorded by these systems with the subsequent choice of countermeasures each intruder object, while the launch container is installed on a rotating platform, and the launch container trunks are installed at different lifting angles and at least one in azimuth. 2. The method of active protection of an object from the side of the upper hemisphere according to claim 1, characterized in that upon detection of an air intruder object, the upper hemisphere is additionally illuminated over the protected object in the spectral range of registration of stereoscopic images. 3. The method of active protection of the object from the side of the upper hemisphere according to claim 1, characterized in that the launching of the means of destruction is carried out in the direction of the predicted position of the airborne object-intruder from the closest barrel in the direction of rotation of the platform in azimuth and elevation. 4. The method of active protection of the object from the side of the upper hemisphere according to claim 1, characterized in that the launch of the means of destruction is carried out from different barrels of the launch container, which are closest to each of the attacking airborne objects-intruders, including with the possible repeated launch of the means of destruction from the trunk following the path of rotation of the turntable. 5. The method of active protection of an object from the side of the upper hemisphere according to claim 1, characterized in that a charge of shrapnel or related shrapnel is used as a means of destruction. 6. A method of active protection of an object from the side of the upper hemisphere according to claim 1, characterized in that a net deployed with the help of at least three small-sized powder rockets launched from the respective barrels of the launch container is used as a means of destruction. 7. The method of active protection of the object from the side of the upper hemisphere according to claim 1, characterized in that a small-sized rocket with an optical homing head is used as a means of destruction, while the intruder's airborne object is damaged when it reaches the position determined by the onboard optical non-contact target sensor rockets. 8. The method of active protection of the object from the side of the upper hemisphere according to claim 7, characterized in that fragments of a high-explosive fragmentation warhead of a small-sized missile with an optical homing head or a warhead with deployable cutting elements are used as a lethal weapon. 9. The method of active protection of the object from the side of the upper hemisphere according to claim 7, characterized in that a mesh delivered by a small-sized rocket with an optical homing head to the area of the intruder's airborne object is used as a non-lethal weapon.

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