RU2632083C2 - Method for reducing cadmium content in winter wheat grain - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method for reducing cadmium content in winter wheat grain includes incorporation of a green manure crop - meadow clover - in the flowering phase in the soil, with the subsequent plowing after 30 days, after which sowing of winter wheat after green manure fallow in the autumn period is carried out.

EFFECT: invention allows to reduce the content of toxic heavy metal cadmium in the grain of winter wheat when it is sown after the incorporation of field clover in the flowering phase, and also to obtain environmentally friendly products of better quality.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture and can find application in the cultivation of winter wheat on lands containing cadmium, near enterprises in the construction industry and other sources of emissions of this highly toxic heavy metal.

Cadmium belongs to toxic heavy metals, and according to GOST 17.4.02-83 it belongs to the elements of the 1st hazard class and causes a number of diseases in humans and animals (Rebrov V.G., Gromova O.A. Vitamins, macro- and microelements . - M.: GEOTAR-Media, 2008.960 s.).

Known means to reduce the accumulation of heavy metals by crops, including the use of growth regulator epibrassinolide as a means to reduce the accumulation of heavy metals in barley in the phase of entry into the tube when growing them on contaminated soils (RU 2119285, IPC A01N 43/22, publ. 27.09 .1988).

A disadvantage of the known solution is that the result was obtained under the conditions of micro-vegetation experience and was not tested in open ground conditions. As you know, the effect of growth regulators in open ground is often leveled.

A known method of treating plants with an aqueous solution of thidiazuron when soaking seeds and / or seedlings of cucumber is carried out (RU 2218691, IPC A01C 1/00, A01N 25/00, A01G 7/00, publ. 12/20/2003).

However, the application of the known plant processing method was developed only for cucumber and has not been studied for crops.

The closest in technical essence is a method of increasing soil fertility, including plowing straw when it is inoculated with microorganisms introduced biological products. So, during the harvesting period, straw is scattered across the field, then it is treated with a mixture of biological products Barkon and Baikal EM-1. Clay Dialbekulit in the amount of 4-5 t / ha is placed on the surface of the crop residues, plowing the whole mass into the soil after 20-30 days. After 2–3 weeks, a green manure is sown — open-clover clover, plowing its green mass in spring before sowing heat-loving crops (RU 2486736, IPC A01C 21/00, A01B 79/02, C09K 17/00, publ. 07/10/2013).

The known solution is characterized by the following disadvantages: the additional use of straw and various means (two biological products and a zeolite), in addition, the method is recommended only for heat-loving crops.

The technical result consists in reducing the content of toxic heavy cadmium metal in winter wheat grain and obtaining high-quality environmentally friendly products.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the method of reducing the cadmium content in the grain of winter wheat includes embedding in the soil a green manure - clover meadow in the flowering phase, followed by planting after 30 days, after which winter wheat is sown after green manure in the autumn.

Example 1. A green manure crop - meadow clover is planted into the soil during the flowering phase (summer period) with heavy disc harrows of the BDN-4.0 aggregate, followed by sowing after 30 days, then winter wheat is sown after green manure at optimal times.

The results of the study are presented in table. 1, from which it follows that the cadmium content in the grain of winter wheat cultivar Mironovskaya 808, grown with the use of fertilizers (in the main application or fractional), which increases the concentration of cadmium in the grain when sown after black steam, reduces when sown the culture after the sideral precursor, which is meadow clover, 2.5-3 times. The use of fertilizers on the sideral pair does not cause an increase in the cadmium content in the grain. A feature of the proposed technical solution is the use of clover in the flowering phase, without mowing and using growing plants.

Compared with the known solution, the proposed one allows to reduce the content of toxic heavy cadmium metal in winter wheat grain by 2.5-3 times, as well as to obtain better environmentally friendly products.

Claims (1)

A method of reducing the cadmium content in winter wheat grain, including planting a green manure crop, sowing winter wheat after green manure, characterized in that the green manure crop, meadow clover, is planted into the soil in the flowering phase and then plowed after 30 days, in addition, winter planting wheat is carried out after sideral steam at the optimum time in the autumn period.