RU2624223C1 - Method for reducing weed contamination of corn sowings - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to agriculture, namely to the control of weed vegetation in corn sowings. Early in the spring, winter Camelina is sown. After 3-4 weeks, corn is sown in the row spacings of Camelina. In the phase of 4-6 leaves of the grain crop, the sowings are additionally fertilized with 0.5 litre/ha of the biopreparation Fertigrain Foliar. The winter Camelina is plown into the row spacings of corn.

EFFECT: reducing the amount of weed plants in corn sowings without the use of chemicals, increasing the soil fertility.

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Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to crop production, and may find application in the cultivation of corn.

There is a method in which the secateurs-turbo herbicide are introduced, diluted in water in a mixture with the biological product Baikal-EM-1 and the crops are treated in the phase of 5-6 leaves (patent No. 2444880 from 01/23/2012, IPC A01B 79/02, A01M 21 / 00).

The disadvantage of this method is that weed vegetation is not completely destroyed and late perennial weeds germinate.

There is also known a method in which a herbicide is introduced in the autumn for autumn plowing, and in the spring, half the dose of the roundup herbicide is mixed with a biological product (patent No. 2267245 dated January 10, 2006, IPC A01B 79/02, A01N 25/32).

When exposed to such a herbicide, the amount of microflora in the soil decreases, and the introduced mixture does not completely destroy weeds.

The closest technical solution to the proposed one is the method where amaranth is sown in the row-spacings of corn as an accumulating culture and after processing the crops with a mixture of biological products Baikal EM-1 and Baikal EM-5, the green amaranth mass is planted in the soil of the row-spacings as siderat (patent No. 2444879 of 03.20.2012 , IPC A01B 79/02, A01G 7/00, A01M 21/00).

However, when embedding the soil of the sideral culture of amaranth, the full effect in reducing weediness is not achieved, and the introduction of 2 biological products increases the cost of implementing the method.

The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of the method in the destruction of weeds on crops of corn, with a simultaneous increase in soil fertility.

The technical solution of the claimed object lies in the fact that, unlike the prototype method, winter camelina is sown widely in early spring, and after 3-4 weeks, corn is sown in rows and in the phase of 4-6 leaves of grain crops, crops are fed with Fertigrain-Foliar biological product in the amount of 0.5 l / ha, followed by termination of winter camelina in the aisle of corn.

The method is as follows.

Winter camelina is sown in early spring. As a winter crop, it can withstand temperature extremes in the spring and, by the time the main corn crop is sown, it accumulates a sufficient above-ground mass containing a number of substances that block the germination of weeds (glycosides, flavanoids and other substances). For 3-4 weeks after sowing, camelina reaches a height of 20-30 cm and serves as a beacon for uniform sowing of the subsequent crop in the rows of corn. Decaying in the soil, the mowed and scented saffron milk continues to block the germination of weed seeds, and corn crops are enriched with nutrients. The method parameters are justified by the fact that winter saffron, sown in early spring, develops normally, and corn, as a heat-loving crop, is sown usually in the third decade of May. For such a period of time, saffron has time to accumulate aboveground mass for the subsequent culture.

Example: on the plot prepared for sowing in the first ten days of April, winter camelina was sown with a grass seeder with a sowing rate of 5-6 kg / ha, with 70 cm aisles. After 3 weeks (in the first ten days of May), corn was sown. When 4-6 leaves appear, the crops were fed with the Fertigrain-Foliar biological product at the rate of 0.5 l per 300 l of water (hectare norm). After 2-3 days, the mass of camelina was planted in the soil between the rows of corn by a cultivator.

The results of the experiments are summarized in table.

The proposed method allows to increase the productivity and quality of corn, reduce the number of weeds by the biological method without the use of chemicals, increase soil fertility due to green fertilizer of winter camelina.

Claims (1)

A method of reducing the weediness of corn crops, including sowing an accumulating culture in the rows of grain crops and storing it as green manure, characterized in that winter camelina is sown in early spring, and after 3-4 weeks, corn is sown in the rows between 4-6 leaves of the grain crop crops are fed with Fertigrain Foliar biological product in an amount of 0.5 l / ha, followed by incorporation of winter camelina into the corn aisles.