RU2631385C1 - Method of preharvest treatment of buckwheat seeds plantings - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: during the phase of the milk-wax ripeness of the buckwheat lower bristle, the plantings are treated with an aqueous solution of amaranth flour at the rate of 600-800g per hectare rate.

EFFECT: method makes it possible to reduce the amount of shedding on the proposed version, to improve the quality of buckwheat seeds, to increase the yield.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture and can be used in the technology of cultivation of seed crops of easily crumbling buckwheat plants.

A known method is when the buckwheat seeds are harvested separately and threshing the mowed rolls is threshed in 3-4 days (Kolomeychenko VV Plant growing. - Agribusiness center. - M., 2007, - p. 193).

Such cleaning is of poor quality and a significant amount of seeds is lost, because precipitation may occur in the rolls during the ripening period.

There is also a method in which separate cleaning is carried out, previously mowing with seed grass in rolls with further threshing (Fedotov V.A., Korolkov P.T., Kadyrov S.V. Grechikha in Russia. - Voronezh. - Origins. - 2009. - p. 210-222).

However, the known technologies for harvesting buckwheat are not without drawbacks, since the seeds show off in the rolls, which is a genetic feature of this crop.

The closest technical solution is the method in which the seed sections in the phase of milk-wax ripeness are treated with Metilan Universal Premium glue containing potato starch (patent 2420050, published June 10, 2011, IPC А01С 1/00).

This method prevents premature flaking of seeds.

However, the glue used consists of chemical preservatives, which does not ensure the quality of the buckwheat food crop.

The technical result is a reduction in crumbling, improving the quality of buckwheat seeds.

The technical solution is achieved by the fact that in the phase of milk-wax ripeness of the lower brushes of buckwheat, the crops are treated with an aqueous solution of amaranth flour at the rate of 600-800 g per hectare of water.

The method is as follows.

Unlike used wallpaper glue, which consists mainly of potato starch, amaranth has (except for starch in the amount of 50-55%) a number of valuable nutrients enriched with vitamins (A, C, B, D, E), trace elements necessary for buckwheat in a critical period (fruit formation phase). Amaranth flour is an excellent source of phytosterols (plant hormones), which have an immunostimulating, bactericidal property. In addition, amaranth contains significantly more protein than potato starch. A particularly high amount of amaranth flour contains calcium, iron, sodium, which contributes to the enrichment of ripening buckwheat seeds, protects them from diseases. A complex of amino acids, macro- and microelements, vitamins ensures the quality of the seeds obtained.

The justification of the selected method parameters (600-800 g of amaranth flour) is explained by the penetration of a liquid solution into ripening seeds, filling them with nutrients, the formation of a thin film, and the prevention of crumbling of mature seeds.

The indicated norm of amaranth flour is optimal when cultivating buckwheat for seeds, which allows harvesting in optimal agrotechnical terms and with significantly less losses. Coating such a film of seeds in the phase of milk-wax ripeness does not violate the respiration process of plants, providing them with nutrients and at the same time protecting seeds from damage by diseases and pests, due to the high content of antioxidants in amaranth flour.

Example. In the phase of milk-wax ripeness of the lower generative shoots, buckwheat is treated with an aqueous solution of amaranth flour.

Pre-dissolve 600-800 g of flour in 10 liters of water, mix thoroughly so that there are no lumps, and then dilute the resulting liquid in 250 liters per 1 hectare. Spraying was carried out in clear weather. After drying and film formation on plants, buckwheat was mowed into rolls for complete ripening.

The results of the experiments are summarized in table

The method allows to reduce crumbling from 71.2% in the control to 24% in the proposed embodiment, to improve the quality of buckwheat seeds, to increase the yield.

Claims (1)

A method for pre-harvesting seed crops of buckwheat, including the treatment of crops with an adhesive, mowing in rolls, characterized in that in the phase of milk-wax ripeness of the lower brushes of buckwheat, the crops are treated with an aqueous solution of amaranth flour at a rate of 600-800 g per hectare water rate.