RU2616405C1 - Method for planting potatoes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: preplant tillage, forming the furrows and planting the tubers are carried out. The potatoes are placed in the fodder crop rotation after harvesting perennial legumes. In spring sod is processed by discing, combining it with milling the plantation strips or with plowing, crumbling and leveling the soil. Planting the tubers is carried out simultaneously. Forming ridges is carried out.

EFFECT: reduction of the soil compaction and the timing of planting potatoes, increasing the yields.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, and in particular to methods of planting potatoes.

A known method of planting potatoes, which consists in the fact that it combines plowing and planting tubers.

The known method is carried out by a device consisting of a frame, on the front of which there is a plow, from its support wheel is a potato planter located on the rear of the frame (Patent for invention RU No. 2020786, MK A01C 9/04 10/15/94. Bondarenko A.S. , Omelchenko V.A.).

The disadvantage of this method is that between adjacent ridges there are gaps of untreated soil, which affects the water-air regime of plant development. In addition, the same planting depth is not ensured due to uneven soil surface. The optimal fractional composition and density of the soil, ensuring a high crop of tubers, is not ensured.

A known method of cultivating potatoes, which consists in the fact that they carry out pre-planting tillage, furrowing and planting tubers. When landing after the passage of the working bodies, the transport aisles are profiled between 1.3 and 1.4 with a depth of the furrow, when leaving before the passage of the working bodies, the transport aisles are filled up to the depth of the furrow, and after the passage of the working bodies, the aisles are restored, while care is taken, capturing additionally whole or half of the capture of the planter (Patent for invention RU No. 1120937 A, IPC A01G 1/00, A01B 79/02 10.30.84, prototype).

The disadvantage of this method is that in comparison with the technology of cultivating potatoes according to PCT RSFSR 740-87, many additional operations are performed, which leads to soil compaction, and the yield increases by only 2%.

An object of the invention is to reduce soil compaction, reduce potato planting time by combining operations, increase productivity due to greater moisture accumulation and increase soil fertility due to incorporation into it of rotted aftermath and legumes of legumes containing nodule bacteria that store nitrogen on them in the soil .

The problem is achieved in that in the method of planting potatoes, which consists in pre-planting the soil, furrowing and planting tubers, according to the invention, the potatoes are placed in the feed crop rotation after harvesting perennial leguminous grasses, spring treatment of the turf is carried out by combining it with milling of planting strips or with plowing, crumbling and leveling the soil, at the same time they plant the tubers, and then form a comb.

The method of planting potatoes is that in the first year, the potatoes are placed in the feed crop rotation after harvesting the previous forage crop of perennial leguminous herbs of the second or third year of growth.

After mowing legumes, the field for planting potato tubers is not cultivated, but left to grow back aftermath to accumulate moisture during snow retention.

For simultaneous technological operations, an energy facility is used, equipped with front and rear linkages and a rear power take-off shaft.

In the spring, you can simultaneously treat the turf by discing, milling the landing strips and planting tubers in them.

To do this, the ADL-3 disk unit without paws is located on the front hinge of the energy facility, which processes the turf up to 10 cm deep, crushes the plant residues of the legume of legumes, loosens the soil with two sections of discs and levels the soil with a plated gear roller.

The rear hitch of the energy means is connected to the additional frame of the potato planter, on which the cutters are mounted in separate sections with a distance between them equal to the width of the row-spacing of planting potatoes.

In spring, when cultivating the soil, it is possible to combine the operations of disking turf with plowing the soil with a reversible plow, crumbling and leveling the soil and at the same time planting tubers.

In this case, use the ADL-3 disk unit without paws, a reversible plow, disk sections and a toothed gear roller and a potato plant.

After planting potatoes, the crests are formed by energy means, on the back of which a comb former with milling working bodies is mounted.

The application of the proposed method will reduce soil compaction, planting time of potatoes, increase productivity.

Claims (1)

The method of planting potatoes, which consists in the fact that pre-planting cultivation of the soil, furrow formation and planting of tubers is carried out, characterized in that the potatoes are placed in the feed crop rotation after harvesting perennial leguminous herbs, spring treatment of the turf by discarding, combining it with milling of planting strips or with plowing, crumbling and leveling the soil, at the same time they plant the tubers, and then form a comb.