RU2603981C1 - Furnace for cremation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; veterinary science.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, particularly to veterinary science, and can be used for combustion of carcasses, wastes of animal origin and other biological materials. Furnace for combustion consists of heat-insulated metal housing with detachable cover, chimney and grate made of arranged in line with certain pitch channels with flanges directed downwards, end surfaces of each of which adjoin to two longitudinal pipes with rectangular cross-section, located along the inner walls of furnace housing, and ends of forementioned lengthwise pipes, closing in the rear side of the furnace in the upper part of the settling chamber, form a nozzle.

EFFECT: intensiication of the process of cremation, simplified design, reduced costs of manual labour, provision of relative mobility and extension of usage of installation for partial thermal treatment of various biological wastes for subsequent processing.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to veterinary medicine, and can be used for burning animal carcasses, animal waste and other biological materials.

A known furnace for burning corpses of infectious animals, containing a loading hatch, fuel lines and a combustion chamber, characterized in that the combustion chamber is made in the form of a vertically annular burner with a conical flame divider in order to increase the efficiency of the combustion process (Auth. Certificate No. 631749. Furnace for burning the bodies of infectious animals. IPC F23G 1/00. Published 05.11.78).

The disadvantage of this design is that a burner operating on gas and liquid fuels is used as a source of thermal energy, which increases the cost of the structure and narrows its scope, eliminating the possibility of its use in distant pastures.

There is also known the design of a cremation furnace containing a combustion chamber, in one of the end walls of which there are devices for supplying fuel and air, and in the other a hole for loading material and exhausting combustion products, and an ash chamber, characterized in that the combustion chamber is made with the ability to rotate around the horizontal axis relative to one fixed end wall (RF Patent No. 871744. Cremation furnace. IPC F23G 1/00. Claimed 01/30/78. Published 07/10/81).

The disadvantage of this design is the complicated design, requiring significant labor costs for its maintenance.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect to the claimed design is a mobile recycling plant for burning and digesting corpses of animals and animal waste, containing a thermally insulated metal body with a removable lid and a chimney, a grate placed inside the body, a furnace for burning liquid fuel, a tank for the digestion of corpses and waste with a nozzle unit with a coil steam generator and a steam collector heated by the nozzle flame, for burning liquid t Pliva (Ed. svid of №134364. Class 24 d, 1. Stated 11/30/59. Publ. in BI №24. 1960).

The disadvantage of the prototype is the smell in the flue emissions due to the lack of the afterburning process in the device to eliminate this effect, as a result of the disposal of the cremated material has a negative effect on nature.

The problem to which this invention is directed is to intensify the cremation process, simplify the design, reduce manual labor costs, ensure relative mobility and expand the use of the plant for partial heat treatment of various biological wastes for subsequent processing.

The task is implemented:

- if there is a channel for heating the combustion gases and taking them directly from the furnace from under the grate, made of channels turned downward by the shelves, the ends of which are connected to longitudinally arranged rectangular pipes, forming windows at the joints of the joints;

- provided that the ends of the rectangular pipes in the back of the furnace, closing in the chimney, form a nozzle, where emissions are burned due to overheated flue gas elements in the channels, also in the longitudinal pipes located inside the furnace through which they are supplied in the nozzle installed in the chimney;

- when the channels are arranged with the shelves down, forming, firstly, a channel for the intake of flue gases directly from the furnace, and, secondly, eliminating the clogging by the combustion products of these channels;

- if possible, ensure relative mobility with acceptable overall mass parameters.

The essence of the invention is that a grate is installed in the furnace, made of channels installed in a row with a certain pitch with shelves pointing downward, the end surfaces of each channel are welded to two longitudinal pipes of rectangular cross-section located along the inner walls of the furnace body, at the joints windows, the ends of the longitudinal pipes, closing in the back of the furnace, form a nozzle located in the sedimentary chamber of the chimney.

The installation diagram is shown in FIG. 1. The structure includes: 1 - a cylindrical body mounted horizontally, 2 - a slide, 3 - a hatch designed to load cremated material, 4 - a chimney, 5 - a door through which solid fuel is loaded, 6 - a blow door regulating the amount of air entering the furnace, 7 - a door for ash extraction, 8 - refractory material, 9 - a grate that divides the internal cavity into two parts: 10 - a cremation chamber and 11 - a furnace, screens 12 and 13, 14 - sedimentary chamber, 15 - nozzle.

The grate device is shown in FIG. 2. The grate 9 is made of channels 16 installed across the longitudinal axis of the furnace with a certain step in a row, with the channel shelves pointing down. The end surfaces of each channel are welded to two longitudinal pipes 17 of rectangular cross section located along the inner walls of the housing 1 of FIG. 1 oven. At the junction of the ends of the channels 16 and two longitudinal pipes 17 there are windows 18. The ends of the longitudinal pipes 17, closing with each other in the upper part of the sedimentary chamber 14, form a nozzle 15, shown in FIG. one.

The furnace operates as follows. The cremated material with an open loading hatch 3 is placed on the grate 9, then the solid fuel is ignited in the furnace 11 and the furnace is started. The cremated material located on the grate 9 is subjected to high-temperature processing from fuel combustion and thermal radiation from heated parts of the furnace, then in the form of combustible gases, reaching screens 12 and 13, changing the direction of movement, is sent to the exhaust pipe of the furnace 4. Part of the flue gases through the channels 16 and through the windows 18 enters into the longitudinal pipes 17. As you move along these pipes, the temperature of the flue gases in contact with the hot walls increases. Then, the superheated flue gas due to the draft of the exhaust pipe is led to the nozzle 15, where, mixed with the combustible gases of the cremated material, it burns it, thereby reducing emissions.

The technical effect of the claimed design consists in the construction of a grate, consisting of downward directed channels in a row transverse to the channels, the ends of each of which are adjacent to the windows in the longitudinally arranged pipes, the ends of which are closed in the upper part of the sedimentation chamber, forming a nozzle connected to the furnace of the furnace . Hot gases of the furnace, following under the channels, enter the windows in the longitudinal pipes and, moving along them further, come under the influence of vacuum in the chimney into the nozzle, and, passing under the grate and along the side pipes located directly in the furnace, they overheat. In the nozzle, superheated flue gases having a significantly higher temperature than the combustible gases of the cremated material ignite the latter, thereby eliminating the unpleasant odors that occur when cremating animal corpses.

In addition, the installation of the furnace on a slide for moving over short distances, as well as equipped with cargo loops welded to the body for loading and unloading on a vehicle for transportation over long distances, will provide relative mobility of the furnace.

Claims (1)

An incinerator containing a thermally insulated metal casing with a removable lid and a chimney, a grate placed inside the casing, a firebox, characterized in that a grate is placed in the firebox, made of channels with rows of flanges installed in a row with a certain pitch, both end surfaces each channel is welded to two longitudinal pipes of rectangular cross-section, located along the inner walls of the furnace body, there are windows at the joints, the ends of the longitudinal pipes closing to the rear the other side of the furnace, form a nozzle located above the sedimentation chamber in the chimney.

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