RU2638680C1 - Mobile device for burning dead animals and birds and other dangerous biomaterials in field conditions - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: mobile device includes a metal plate and a casing for collecting ash, the metal plate having supports and pointed pins, between which slotted channels are arranged. Wherein the metal plate is made latticed, and the plate supports are made folding with adjustable height; in addition, the casing is installed with a gap relative to the bottom plane of the plate, burners and cylinders with a compressed gaseous combustible substance being located at a safe distance at two opposite sides of the plate. The burners can move in the horizontal and vertical planes and change the combustion flame, and a loading mechanism is arranged at one of the end plate faces.

EFFECT: reducing the time for burning dead and killed animals in order to prevent the spread of foci of infectious diseases.

4 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the protection of the environment and can be used for burning in the field (in places of mortality of animals) corpses of animals (biological materials) infected with anthrax, foot and mouth disease, African plague, bird flu and other infections.

Known methods and devices for burning animal carcasses in the field, where it is proposed to dig a trench in the ground, put the corpse of an animal in it, sprinkle it with fuel and set it on fire (cover the trench with an iron sheet), for example, patent RU No. 2075932, cl. A01M 19/00. For better burning of corpses, fuel is additionally introduced into the corpse.

In the method according to patent RU No. 2036385, class. F23G 7/00, a combustible powder material is applied to the animal’s corpse, then the corpse is covered with a metal heat reflector and the combustible material is ignited. In addition, heat-conducting material of aluminum is introduced into the corpse of the animal in the form of pins in a checkerboard pattern, moreover (the pins have a diameter of 20 ÷ 50 mm, a length of 200 ÷ 500 mm and are placed at a distance of 100 ÷ 150 mm from each other).

Known methods are ineffective with a large mortality of animals or birds from dangerous infections, since burning takes place for a long time and combustible material must be fed to the corpse until it is completely burned (carbonization to ash residue). The combustion process is uneven and not controlled, burning occurs in the presence of wind.

Also known installation for the destruction of chemical, infected medical (biological) waste and other hazardous materials, including animal corpses (patent RU No. 2157950, class F23G 5/00), consisting of a working chamber with grates for burning corpses and a product cleaning system Combustion with a double-circuit suction circuit. An arrester is installed at the output of the working chamber. The combustion chamber is made with thermal insulation. The corpse of the animal in the chamber is sprinkled with a layer of fuel, air is supplied to the chamber, then the fuel is set on fire.

The disadvantages of this installation include the difficulty of regulating the combustion process (for this purpose several devices are required: pyrometer, thermal imager, thermocouple). The temperature in the combustion zone can also be estimated visually from the brightness of the combustion and the color of the flame. The issue of loading animals into the chamber in the specified technical solution is not disclosed.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the claimed technical solution is a mobile device for burning radioactive and dangerous biological objects (patent RU No. 2165050, class F23G 1/00). This device includes a combustion chamber containing a lid, walls, a bottom and a loading hole, the bottom of the chamber being a metal plate with pointed pins, inside which there are openings for air supply, also in the bottom of the stove there are conical openings for air supply. The pointed pins allow air to be fed into the biological object. The combustion is carried out by the combustion of powdered metallized fuel and coke.

The disadvantages of this technical solution include:

the horizontal holes of the pins are clogged with the material of the burned corpse, so the efficiency of air supply to the combustion zone is low;

- the area of the bottom with cone-shaped openings for the most part is continuous, which does not allow (prevents) the intensive intake of air into the combustion zone;

- The intensity of burning depends on the availability of fuel in the chamber, which increases the time of burning corpses.

The objective of the present invention is to reduce the time for burning the bodies of dead and killed animals (birds) in order to prevent the spread of foci of infectious diseases.

This problem is solved due to the fact that the mobile device for burning in the field the corpses of animals (birds) and other dangerous biomaterials includes a metal plate and a casing for collecting ash, while the metal plate has supports and pointed pins, between which slit-like channels are located. In this case, the metal plate is lattice and has brackets for installing an additional lattice above the plate with smaller mesh sizes, and the plate supports are folding with adjustable height, in addition, the casing for collecting ash is installed with a gap with the lower plane of the plate. On two opposite sides of the stove, burners and cylinders with gaseous compressed combustible material are located at a safe distance, while the burners can move in horizontal and vertical planes and change the flame, and at one of the ends of the stove there is a loading mechanism for feeding animal corpses to the stove for burning.

Along the long sides of the grating plate, pipes with conical holes located along the entire length of the pipes are placed, the axis of the holes being deviated from the horizontal plane by an acute angle, each pipe is connected to the vertical brackets of the platform using a detachable connection, for example, using a clamp, and connected to the cylinder with gaseous compressed combustible substance. The vertical brackets of the plate have protrusions with holes at the end, which serve as supports for placing the lattice with small cells and pins. The loading mechanism of the device is made in the form of a rack with a cable block system with a winch and a hook, while the beam with the cable block is placed in the holder on the rack and can move in the horizontal and vertical plane, and also rotate around the axis of the rack.

The invention is illustrated by the drawings, where: in FIG. 1 shows a general view of the device; in FIG. 2 - top view; in FIG. 3 - options for adjusting the flame: a) flame in the form of a jet, b) diffused flame; FIG. 4 - placement of the device in the trench; FIG. 5 - the design of the device with a lattice with small cells for burning birds and small animals; in FIG. 6 is a section AA of FIG. 2 and in FIG. 7 is an embodiment of a device plate installation at an acute angle α.

A mobile device for the burning of animal (bird) corpses and other dangerous biomaterials in the field consists of a metal plate 1 of a trellised type with pointed pins 2, while the stove 1 is mounted on hinged supports 3, which are adjustable in height. Along the long sides of the plate 1, fire guns 4 are placed at a safe distance (one on each side), including a rack 5, a rotary moving clamp 6, a holder 7, to which a hose 8 is attached with a nozzle 9 at one end and a cylinder 10 with compressed combustible material on another. At one of the short sides of the plate 1 at a certain distance there is a loading mechanism 11, consisting of a rack 12, a cable block system with a winch 13 and a horizontal beam 14 with a cable block that can move in a horizontal plane. Under the plate 1, a casing 15 is installed for collecting ash, which is sent for further laboratory research (it does not mix with the ash of other corpses of animals that died from anthrax, and this is significant in accordance with the regulatory framework of the Russian Federation).

When the metal plate 1 with the supports 3 and the casing 15 is located in the pit (Fig. 4), channels 16 (with a slope towards the stove) are dug in the ground to the smaller sides of the plate, which serve to allow air to enter the combustion zone.

On the long sides of the plate 1, on the brackets 17 there are pipes 18 with holes 19, and the axis of the holes 19 are at an acute angle to the plane of the plate 1. Actually, the pipes 18 are attached to the brackets 17 using a detachable connection, for example, using clamps.

Pipes 18 are connected to cylinders 10 with combustible compressed material and have an inlet valve 20 with a pressure gauge for regulating pressure. On the top of each bracket 17 there is a protrusion 21 with a hole. A grill 22 with small cells and pins is mounted on these protrusions 21. The dimensions of the lattice cells 22 are half the size of the cells of the plate 1 and are selected depending on the overall dimensions of the corpses of the burned birds. For example, when burning corpses of chickens, ducks, geese, etc., the cell size can be taken 50 × 50 mm. The grill 22 serves to burn on it the corpses of small animals and various birds.

The height of the pointed pins can be taken 50 mm, this is enough to fix the corpse on the plate 1 and the grill 22.

The mobile device is packed in a container for convenient and quick transportation by both land and air transport.

The operation of the mobile device is as follows.

The device is delivered to the place of death of animals (birds) by any mode of transport that is most rational for a given region, for example, by helicopter. At the place of death of animals (birds), the device is assembled and mounted. If there is a possibility (the ground is not frozen), then a rectangular pit (trench) of up to 0.5 m depth is dug. To the smaller sides of the rectangular pit, inclined channels 16 are dug through which air will enter the combustion zone. If the soil is frozen or rocky, then plate 1 is installed on level ground, folding the supports 3. The supports 3 are brought into a vertical position, are height-adjustable, thereby achieving horizontal installation of the plate 1, and are fixed. A casing for collecting ash 15 is installed under the stove 1. By adjusting the height of installation of the stove 1, the necessary clearance Δ is achieved between the vertical walls of the casing for collecting ash 15 and the lower plane of the stove 1. The gap is selected so that a natural draft of air into the combustion zone is created.

After installing the plate 1 and the casing 15 on the long sides of the plate 1, fire guns 4 are installed. The racks 5 of the fire guns are strengthened with braces (not shown in the drawings). A hose 8 is attached to the holder 7 with a nozzle 9 at one end and a valve 20 on the cylinder 10 at the other. The crane 20 is used to control the flow of combustible material, and the pressure gauge is used to control the pressure (the pressure gauge is not shown in the drawings).

The clamp 6 on the rack 5 allows you to install the holder 7 to the required height and move the holder 7 in horizontal and vertical planes (with fixing in the process of disposal of dead animals and birds). On the smaller side of the plate 1, a loading mechanism 11 is installed, which, using the cable block system 13 with a winch and a hook and a beam 14, allows corpses to be loaded onto the plate 1. The beam 14 is mounted on the rack 12 by means of the holder 11 and has the ability to rotate around the axis of the rack 12 and move in vertical and horizontal planes. At the end of the beam 14 there is a block with a cable and a hook (positions are not shown in the drawings). The hook is brought to the corpse of the animal, then the corpse is secured with the help of the cable segments, then the beam 14 is lifted and turned towards the plate 1. In the middle of the plate 1, the animal corpse is lowered onto the pins 2, the cable segments are disconnected from the animal corpse. The cable segments are lifted together with the hook and pulled to the side (the hook is in its original position). Then, using the clamp 6 (depending on the location of the corpse on the plate 1), the location of the nozzles 9 is adjusted, while the holder 7 moves in the clamp 6 (the clamp itself also moves on the rack 5). After that, the compressed fuel is turned on (the valve on the cylinders 10 is opened and the flame is adjusted on the nozzles 9). Having set the required amount of flame, direct the burners of the fire cannons onto the corpse of an animal (bird). Turning the holder 7, the burner is moved along the corpse of the animal and, if necessary, brought closer to it. At the same time, open the valve 20 on the pipes 18 and set fire to a compressed combustible substance that exits through the openings 19 of the pipes 18. Adjusting the flame allows for more targeted distribution and concentration in problem areas of combustion (for example, skull, large bones, etc.).

In low-wind weather, the stove 1 is mounted on supports 3 at an angle α to the horizontal plane, which allows you to create additional air flow into the combustion zone.

Thus, the corpse of an animal is burned from different sides, which significantly reduces the time for disposal and a controlled result is achieved by the disposal of corpses to ash residue and thereby it becomes possible to dispose of large volumes of hazardous biological waste without opening the corpses.

In the presence of small corpses of animals (corpses of birds) on the brackets 17 of the plate 1 establish a lattice 22 with smaller cells. The specified biomaterial in this case can be burned in droves. At the end of the burning of corpses of animals and birds, work clothes and other items near the installation are burned.

After the disposal of animal corpses, the mobile unit is dismantled and moved to another area.

The proposed device has a higher performance compared to analogues, the completeness of combustion increases, the device allows you to destroy both individual large corpses of animals and many small corpses (for example, birds). In addition, with a large case of animals, several devices can be used simultaneously.

Using the proposed device can significantly increase the efficiency of the process of burning hazardous biological waste and materials (corpses of animals and birds), significantly reduce the time for disposal. The device is located at the place of death of animals, which significantly reduces the time for collecting and moving the corpses of animals. The completeness of combustion of animal corpses increases to an ash residue. Mass burning of small corpses and other dangerous biomaterials is possible.

The design of the proposed device does not require any new manufacturing technologies and can be mastered at any modern engineering plant.

Claims (4)

1. A mobile device for burning in the field the corpses of animals and birds and other dangerous biomaterials, including a metal plate and a casing for collecting ash, while the metal plate has supports and pointed pins between which slot-like channels are located, characterized in that the metal plate is made lattice, and plate supports are folding with adjustable height, in addition, the casing is installed with a gap with the lower plane of the plate, and at two opposite sides of the plate are located at a safe distance and burners and cylinders with gaseous compressed combustible material, while the burners can move in horizontal and vertical planes and change the flame, and a loading mechanism is placed at one of the ends of the stove. 2. A mobile device for burning in the field the corpses of animals (birds) and other dangerous biomaterials according to claim 1, characterized in that along the long sides of the grating plate there are pipes with conical holes located along the entire length of the pipes, the axis of the holes are deviated from the horizontal plane at an acute angle, with each pipe connected to the vertical brackets of the plate using a detachable connection, for example using a clamp, and connected to a cylinder with gaseous compressed combustible material. 3. A mobile device for the burning in the field of corpses of animals (birds) and other dangerous biological materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical brackets of the stove have protrusions with openings at the end that serve as supports for placing gratings with small cells over the stove and with pins. 4. A mobile device for burning in the field the corpses of animals (birds) and other hazardous biological materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the loading mechanism is made in the form of a rack with a cable block system with a winch, a hook and a beam, and a beam with a block for the cable is placed in the holder on the rack and can move in horizontal and vertical planes, as well as rotate around the axis of the rack.

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