RU2075932C1 - Method of burning animal corpses in field condition - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: prevention of environmental pollution. SUBSTANCE: in order to increase efficiency, environmental safety, and reduce cost and effort when disposing corpses of animals died from infectious diseases, a corpse is proposed to be placed into a trench dug in the ground and provided with air-supply channel and furnace bars made of pipe sections or rods. Corpse is strewed with fuel from all sides, covered with incombustible material (iron sheets), and kindled. As combustible, special-type fuels are recommended. With big animals, fuel is additionally introduced inward. Several corpses can be burnt up in the same trench. Fuel consumption corresponds to 1-2 parts per 10 parts of animal weight. Complete burning time is 1.5 to 4 h depending on animal weight. EFFECT: improved procedure, reduced cost. 6 cl, 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to veterinary medicine, and can be used in extreme conditions for disinfection and destruction of animal corpses of the source of infectious diseases.

 A known method of burning animal carcasses, including transporting them to the location of the kiln, followed by burning in it.

 This method requires specially equipped stoves (devices for loading a corpse into an oven, forced air supply (blasting) and fuel supply) and vehicles (airtight containers or a body made of material resistant to aggressive substances), devices for mechanical loading and unloading of a corpse, in addition , it is inefficient and not environmentally friendly.

 All of the above excludes the possibility of its use in the field.

There is also known a method of burning animal corpses in the field with placing them on the surface of the earth and applying them (dousing or wrapping) combustible material with its subsequent arson. As a combustible material, wood or liquid fuel is used (see Prince A. Polyakova, “Fundamentals of Veterinary Sanitation,” M. Kolos, 1969, p. 212). However, this technical solution has the following serious disadvantages: it requires a large amount of fuel for burning a corpse weighing 300,400 kg 3 4 m ^{3 of} wood or 600,800 kg of diesel fuel; long time (24 26 hours) and laborious; the soil is contaminated (infected) by the fluid pouring out from the abdominal and thoracic cavities, which requires subsequent work on its disinfection; to ensure combustion requires a large amount of air (for the combustion of 1 kg of diesel fuel 14.6 kg, 1 kg of wood 5.5 7.0 kg of air); a large number of combustion products (including toxic ones) are formed that pollute the environment.

 There is also a method of burning animal corpses in the field by sprinkling the corpse with fuel, followed by covering it with non-combustible material (patent application of the Russian Federation N 92015656/33 with a positive decision of 06.24.93). In the known method, contact combustion powder was used as fuel, and a steel screen as non-combustible material.

 However, the method is not effective enough in protecting the environment from infection in the case of the use of cadaveric material that died as a result of the UN, and also requires labor for vehicles to transport the screen.

 The aim of the invention is to accelerate and simplify the method, as well as reducing environmental pollution.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of burning animal corpses in the field, the corpse is sprinkled with fuel, followed by coating it with non-combustible material. The corpse is placed in a trench dug in the ground, and the size of the trench and the corpse correlates as 1.2 1.3: 1, the trench along the entire length in the central part has a recess in the form of a ditch with a depth of 15-30 cm and a width of 0.5 0.7 the width of the trench, the ditch has exits to the surface at the ends of the trench, and after burning corpses, the trench is covered with earth to the level of its surface.

 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the trench has a rectangular shape.

 3. The method according to p. 1 2, characterized in that 1/3 1/2 of the fuel is poured into the trench, on top of which grates are placed under the corpse of the animal.

 4. The method according to p. 1 3, characterized in that in the form of grid-irons, pipe sections or rods are used.

 5. The method according to p. 1 to 4, characterized in that the fuel used is contact combustion powder SPVA-31 and activated coke KS-25 or KS-50.

 6. The method according to p. 1 5, characterized in that as non-combustible material using sheet metal.

 7. The method according to p. 1 6, characterized in that the trench and the ditch along the length are located in the direction of the wind.

 8. The method according to p. 1 7, characterized in that the corpses of large animals are additionally placed inside the fuel SPVA-31 in plastic bags; moreover, with a weight ratio of the corpse and fuel equal to 1: 0.1 0.3.

 9. The method according to p. 1 to 8, characterized in that several corpses of animals and fuel SPVA-31, taken in a weight ratio of 10: 1 2, respectively, are placed in a trench simultaneously in layers.

 We first developed a method for the destruction of animal corpses in the field in trenches of the profile we developed, using low-gas, multi-component contact combustion fuel (SPVA-31), under certain conditions (developed by us).

 In the patent and scientific and technical literature, no technical solutions were found containing signs similar to those declared. Therefore, the proposal meets the criteria of the invention of "novelty" and "inventive step".

 In addition, the fuels used in the method are produced by domestic industry, i.e., the method is industrially feasible. The necessary profile trench can be quickly prepared in the field.

 The method is as follows.

 Example 1. Next to the corpse, they dug a trench measuring 150x100x90 cm (see drawing). The trench has a channel (1) at its ends, reaching the bottom, for supplying air to the lower part. On the sides of the trench there are protrusions (2) with a height of 25-30 cm and a width of 15 25 cm. Metal pipes with a diameter of 25-40 mm or metal rods were laid on the protrusions (2) with an interval of 30-40 cm.

 The thermal conductivity coefficients of the most common soils in which trenches are prepared are shown in the table.

 Heat losses in the trench (from below and through its lateral surfaces) are minimized. This is due to the very low thermal conductivity of the earth, clay, peat, sand. The table shows that the thermal conductivity of the earth is 1200 times less than the thermal conductivity of iron. The low thermal conductivity of the trench in the ground ensures the conservation of thermal energy of the combusted fuel SPVA-31 and KS-24 or KS-50, as well as the material of the corpse and increases the efficiency of the process by 2.5 times compared to burning the corpse in a metal barrel according to the "Simplest method for the destruction of corpses animals "(Tashkent," Uzbekistan ", 1965) or on the surface of the earth.

 At the bottom of the trench SPVA-31 fuel was poured in the amount of 7 kg and KS-50 in the amount of 6 kg. The corpse of an animal weighing 120 kg was placed in a trench on pipes. 8 kg of SPVA-31 fuels and 6 kg of KS-50 were poured onto the corpse. After that, the trench was covered with a heat reflector, which was used as sheets of iron. Combustible material was set on fire.

 As a result, the corpse burned by 98%. The remains are charred fragments of the skull and spine. The burning time was 150 minutes. Additional burning is not required. After the combustion process was completed, a trench with the remains of biological material and ash was covered with earth.

 Example 2. Next to the corpse, they dug a trench 1.3 times the size of the corpse of an animal. The trench has a profile as described in example 1. The trench is oriented in such a way that the maximum air supply is provided to the powdered fuel (SPVA-31, placed in the amount of 6 kg to the bottom of the ditch and 5 kg of KS-50) and to the burned corpse weighing 110 kg, metal pipes placed across the trenches laid across the side ledges. 8 kg of SPVA-31 and 6 kg of KS-50 were poured on top of the corpse. After that, the trench was covered with a heat reflector, which was used as pieces of concrete slabs. Combustible material was set on fire.

 As a result, the corpse burned almost completely, with the exception of small fragments of the spine and skull. The combustion time was 140 minutes. After the combustion process was completed, the remains of biological material and ash in the trench were covered with earth.

 Example 3. Next to the corpses, they dug a trench 1.2 times the size of the material prepared for burning. Four corpses of young cattle with a total weight of 437 kg were prepared for burning. At the bottom of the trench, 20 kg of powdered SPVA-31 and 10 kg of KS-50 were poured. Then, the first corpse of the animal was placed on pipes laid on the ledges of the trench. 8 kg of SPVA-31 and 5 kg of KS-50 were poured onto the corpse. After that they laid the second corpse and poured 7 kg of SPVA-31 and 6 kg of KS-50 on it, then laid the third corpse and poured 8 kg of SPVA-31 and 5 kg of KS-50 on it, then put the fourth corpse on it 7 kg of SPVA-31 and 5 kg of KS-50 were poured. After that, the trench with the bodies prepared for burning was covered with heat reflectors, which were used as metal sheets. Then the composition of the SPVA-31 in the trench was set on fire.

 As a result, the corpses burned by 96 98%. Unburned remains are fragments of the spine and skull. The burning time was 190 minutes. After the combustion process ended, the trench with the remains of biological materials and ash was covered with earth.

 Example 4. The corpse of an animal weighing 150 kg was placed in a special biothermal pit. The corpse was doused with 5 liters of diesel fuel and set on fire. Then, with the help of automax, diesel fuel was continuously supplied into the biothermal pit during the entire process of burning biological material. Burning was carried out for 36 hours. At the same time, 55 liters of diesel fuel were consumed. After burning, the presence of remains of the bones of the skull, spine and limbs.

 Example 5. The corpse of an animal weighing 105 kg was placed in a portable biothermal furnace (see. "The simplest methods of destruction of animal corpses" - Tashkent, Uzbekistan, 1965). The body was doused with diesel fuel in an amount of 5 liters. Then, using automax, diesel was constantly applied to the corpse.

 In this case, 165 kg of diesel fuel was consumed within 23 hours. After the end of the process, the remains of the skeletal bones of the corpse were discovered.

 Thus, the proposed method for the destruction of animal corpses allows in the field to almost completely destroy both single and massive quantities of animal corpses, reduces the burning time by 20 26 hours, and also reduces environmental pollution by combustion products to ≈ 100%.

Claims (6)

 1. A method of burning animal corpses in the field, including the sprinkling of corpses followed by coating it with non-combustible material, characterized in that the animal’s corpse is placed on a metal grate, laid with a gap for air supply, on the inner protrusions of a trench dug in the ground with dimensions in the ratio 1.2 1.3 to the size of the corpse, having a longitudinal axial ditch with a depth of 15-30 cm and a width of 0.5 0.7 wide trenches, burn, and then fill the trench to the level of the earth's surface.  2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the trench has a rectangular shape.  3. The method according to PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that the fuel used is a powder of contact combustion and activated coke.  4. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that as non-combustible material using sheet metal.  5. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the corpses of large animals are additionally placed inside the fuel in plastic bags, and with a mass ratio of the corpse to fuel 1 (0.1 0.3).  6. The method according to PP. 1 6, characterized in that several corpses of animals and fuel SPVA-31 are simultaneously placed in layers in the trench in a mass ratio of 10 (1 2), respectively.

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