RU2540745C1 - Combustion of infected biological wastes including dead animal bodies - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.SUBSTANCE: proposed method comprises placing of biological wastes in closed tank with access of air, powdering with Al- and Mg-based metals, firing and burial after termination of incineration. Trench is used as said closed tank, its depth Z being defined by mathematical relationship and width L being defined by mathematical relationship, and accommodates pipes with side holes laid at its bottom. Diameter of said pipes D is defined by mathematical relationship. Note here that pipe side hole diameter makes 1:(1-0.8) of minimum expanded clay pellet while spacing 1 between said side holes is defined by mathematical relationship, and spacing Y between parallel pipes laid on trench bottom is defined by mathematical relationship. The trench is filled with Al- and Mg-based metals powder ply in depth defined by mathematical relationship. Besides, it is covered with coal ply in depth defined by mathematical relationship whereon biological material is laid. Pressurised air is forced into pipes at 1.0-1.5 kPa. Powder is ignited to initiate coal and biological material overlying ply.EFFECT: intensified combustion.2 ex, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to methods for burning infected biological waste and can be used in agriculture.

A known method of burning infected biological waste, including animal corpses, using solid combustible materials, including placing them in a closed cavity with air access, sprinkling with powder based on Al and Mg metals, burning and burial after completion of the combustion process (Patent RU No. 2157951 C1, 10/20/2000), and the air is accessed by leaving a gap from the bottom and walls to ensure the combustion process.

The disadvantage of this method is the slow process of burning biological material due to the lack of oxygen in the air entering the combustion zone and the low calorific value of the powder based on Al and Mg metals,

The objective of the invention is to accelerate the method by intensifying the combustion process by forcing air into the combustion zone and using as the main combustible coal having a calorific value 3-3.5 times greater than powders based on Al and Mg metals.

, где V - объем биологического материала в м³, ширина траншеи L определяется соотношением: $$L=(1,2-1,6)x\sqrt[3]{V}$$

, с расположенными на дне трубами с боковыми отверстиями, причем диаметр D труб, уложенных на дно траншеи, определяется соотношением: $$D=(0,2-0,3)x\sqrt[3]{V}$$

, где V - объем биологического материала в м³, причем диаметр боковых отверстий труб равен 1:(1-0,8) минимального значения размера гранул керамзита, расстояние l между боковыми отверстиями труб определяется соотношением: $$l=(0,2-0,3)x\sqrt[3]{V}=0,2x\sqrt[3]{V}1000=2$$

(м), где V - объем биологического материала в м³, а расстояние Y между параллельно уложенными на дне траншеи трубами определяется соотношением: $$Y=(0,6-0,8)x\sqrt[3]{V}$$

, где V - объем биологического материала в м³, траншею последовательно засыпают гранулами керамзита до полного покрытия упомянутых труб, слоем порошка на основе металлов Al и Mg толщиной $$h=(0,1-0,15)x\sqrt[3]{V}$$

, где V - объем биологического материала в м³, слоем каменного угля толщиной $$H=(0,9-1,1)x\sqrt[3]{V}$$

, где V - объем биологического материала в м³, на который укладывают биологический материал, в трубы принудительно нагнетают воздух под давлением 1,0-1,5 кПа, производят поджиг слоя порошка, инициируя возгорание лежащего выше слоя каменного угля и биологического материала.The problem is achieved in a method of burning infected biological waste, including animal corpses, including placing them in a closed cavity with air access, sprinkling with powder based on Al and Mg metals, burning and burial after completion of the combustion process, characterized in that as closed the cavity uses a trench, the depth of Z which is determined by the ratio: $$Z=(\mathrm{one},2-\mathrm{one},6)x\sqrt[3]{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="V"\; filenames="00000029.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}}$$

where V is the volume of biological material in m ^{3 the} width of the trench L is determined by the ratio: $$L=(\mathrm{one},2-\mathrm{one},6)x\sqrt[3]{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="V"\; filenames="00000029.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}}$$

, with pipes with side openings located at the bottom, the diameter D of pipes laid at the bottom of the trench being determined by the ratio: $$D=(0,2-0,3)x\sqrt[3]{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="V"\; filenames="00000029.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}}$$

where V is the volume of biological material in m ³ , and the diameter of the side holes of the pipes is 1: (1-0.8) of the minimum size of the expanded clay granules, the distance l between the side holes of the pipes is determined by the ratio: $$l=(0,2-0,3)x\sqrt[3]{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="V"\; filenames="00000029.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}}=0,2x\sqrt[3]{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="V"\; filenames="00000029.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}}1000=2$$

(m), where V is the volume of biological material in m ³ , and the distance Y between the pipes laid parallel to the bottom of the trench is determined by the ratio: $$Y=(0,6-0,8)x\sqrt[3]{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="V"\; filenames="00000029.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}}$$

where V is the volume of biological material in m ³ , the trench is successively covered with expanded clay granules until the pipes are completely covered with a layer of powder based on Al and Mg metals with a thickness $$h=(0,\mathrm{one}-0,\mathrm{fifteen})x\sqrt[3]{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="V"\; filenames="00000029.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}}$$

where V is the volume of biological material in m ³ , a layer of coal thick $$H=(0,9-\mathrm{one},\mathrm{one})x\sqrt[3]{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="V"\; filenames="00000029.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}}$$

where V is the volume of biological material in m ³ onto which the biological material is laid, air is forced into pipes under a pressure of 1.0-1.5 kPa, the powder layer is ignited, initiating the ignition of the coal layer and biological material lying above.

In the patent and scientific and technical literature, technical solutions are not known containing signs similar to those claimed, i.e. the proposal meets the criteria of "novelty" and "inventive step".

The invention is illustrated by the drawing, which shows the use of the trench method for burning toxic and infected waste.

Pipes 2 with side holes 3 are laid at the bottom of the trench 1, a layer of expanded clay 4 is poured on top to completely cover the pipes 2, a layer of powder 5 based on Al and Mg metals is laid on a layer of expanded clay 4, a layer of coal 6 is poured on top, on a layer of coal 6 burnt biological waste 7, for example animal corpses, is laid. Supply air to the perforated pipes and set fire to a powder layer 5 based on Al and Mg metals. A layer of powder 5, quickly igniting in horizontal directions, ignites coal 6, which, flaring up with the help of the supplied air coming out of the side openings of the pipes 2, intensively burns the biological material.

The invention is illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1

и шириной $$L=1,2x\sqrt[3]{V}=1,2\times 0,5=0,6\text{ (м)}$$

, с расположенными на дне трубами с боковыми отверстиями, причем диаметр D труб, уложенных на дно траншеи, был равен: $$D=0,2x\sqrt[3]{V}=0,2\times 0,5=0,1\text{ (м)}$$

, диаметр d боковых отверстий труб составил: d=0,018 (м) /соотношение диаметра d боковых отверстий труб к минимальному размеру гранул керамзита (который составляет согласно ГОСТ 9414.1-94 0,02 м) равно 1:1/, расстояние l между боковыми отверстиями труб составило: $$l=0,2x\sqrt[3]{V}=0,2\times 0,5=0,1\text{ (м)}$$

, а расстояние Y между осями параллельно уложенных на дне траншеи труб было равно: $$Y=0,6x\sqrt[3]{V}=0,6\times 0,5=0,3\text{ (м)}$$

, траншею последовательно засыпали гранулами керамзита (ГОСТ 9757-90) до полного покрытия упомянутых труб слоем порошка на основе металлов Al и Mg толщиной $$h=0,1x\sqrt[3]{V}=0,1\times 0,5=0,05\text{ (м)}$$

, слоем каменного угля (ГОСТ 9414.1-94) толщиной $$H=0,9x\sqrt[3]{V}=0,9\times 0,5=0,45\text{ (м)}$$

, на который укладывали биологический материал, в трубы принудительно нагнетали воздух под давлением 1,0 кПа, произвели поджиг слоя порошка, инициируя возгорание лежащего выше слоя каменного угля и биологического материала, который полностью сгорел за 50 мин, в то время как аналогичный объем биологического материала, уничтоженного согласно прототипу, сгорел за 2,0 ч, т.е. использование предлагаемого способа позволило сократить время уничтожения биологических отходов в 2,4 раза.To destroy biological material (the corpse of a pig that fell from the African plague) with a volume of 0.125 m ³ , a trench was dug with a depth of $$Z=\mathrm{one},2x\sqrt[3]{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="V"\; filenames="00000029.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}}=\mathrm{one},2\times 0,5=0,6\text{(m)}$$

and width $$L=\mathrm{one},2x\sqrt[3]{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="V"\; filenames="00000029.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}}=\mathrm{one},2\times 0,5=0,6\text{(m)}$$

, with pipes located at the bottom with side holes, and the diameter D of the pipes laid on the bottom of the trench was equal to: $$D=0,2x\sqrt[3]{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="V"\; filenames="00000029.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}}=0,2\times 0,5=0,\mathrm{one}\text{(m)}$$

, the diameter d of the side holes of the pipes was: d = 0.018 (m) / the ratio of the diameter d of the side holes of the pipes to the minimum granule size of expanded clay (which is according to GOST 9414.1-94 0.02 m) is 1: 1 /, the distance l between the side holes pipes amounted to: $$l=0,2x\sqrt[3]{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="V"\; filenames="00000029.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}}=0,2\times 0,5=0,\mathrm{one}\text{(m)}$$

, and the distance Y between the axes of pipes laid parallel to the bottom of the trench was equal to: $$Y=0,6x\sqrt[3]{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="V"\; filenames="00000029.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}}=0,6\times 0,5=0,3\text{(m)}$$

, the trench was successively covered with expanded clay granules (GOST 9757-90) until the pipes were completely covered with a powder layer based on Al and Mg metals with a thickness $$h=0,\mathrm{one}x\sqrt[3]{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="V"\; filenames="00000029.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}}=0,\mathrm{one}\times 0,5=0,05\text{(m)}$$

, a layer of coal (GOST 9414.1-94) thick $$H=0,9x\sqrt[3]{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="V"\; filenames="00000029.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}}=0,9\times 0,5=0,45\text{(m)}$$

, on which the biological material was laid, air was forcedly forced into the pipes under a pressure of 1.0 kPa, the powder layer was ignited, initiating the ignition of the coal layer lying above and the biological material, which completely burned in 50 minutes, while the same volume of biological material destroyed according to the prototype burned out in 2.0 hours, i.e. the use of the proposed method allowed to reduce the time of destruction of biological waste by 2.4 times.

Analysis of the ashes for the presence of the causative agent of the African plague in it gave a negative result.

Example 2

) и шириной $$L=1,6x\sqrt[3]{V}=1,6\times 0,5=0,8\text{ (м)}$$

, с расположенными на дне трубами с боковыми отверстиями, причем диаметр D труб, уложенных на дно траншеи, был равен: $$D=0,3x\sqrt[3]{V}=0,3\times 0,5=0,15\text{ (м)}$$

, диаметр d боковых отверстий труб составил: d=0,02 (м) /соотношение диаметра d боковых отверстий труб к минимальному размеру гранул керамзита (который составляет согласно ГОСТ 9414.1-94 0,02 м) равно 1:1/, расстояние l между боковыми отверстиями труб составило: $$l=0,3x\sqrt[3]{V}=0,3\times 0,5=0,15\text{ (м)}$$

, а расстояние Y между параллельно уложенными не дне траншеи трубами было равно: $$Y=0,8x\sqrt[3]{V}=0,8\times 0,5=0,4\text{ (м)}$$

, траншею последовательно засыпали гранулами керамзита (ГОСТ 9757-90) до полного покрытия упомянутых труб, слоем порошка на основе металлов Al и Mg толщиной $$h=0,15x\sqrt[3]{V}=0,15\times 0,5=0,075\text{ (м)}$$

, слоем каменного угля (ГОСТ 9414.1-94), толщиной $$H=1,1x\sqrt[3]{V}=1,1\times 0,5=0,55\text{ (м)}$$

, на который укладывали биологический материал, в трубы принудительно нагнетали воздух под давлением 1,5 кПа, произвели поджиг слоя порошка, инициируя возгорание лежащего выше слоя каменного угля и биологического материала, который полностью сгорел за 35 мин, в то время как аналогичный объем биологического материала, уничтоженного согласно прототипу, сгорел за 1,5 ч, т.е. использование предлагаемого способа позволило сократить время уничтожения биологических отходов в 2,6 раза.To destroy biological material (the corpse of a pig that fell from the African plague) with a volume of 0.125 m ³ , a trench was dug with a depth of $$Z=\mathrm{one},6x\sqrt[3]{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="V"\; filenames="00000029.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}}=\mathrm{one},6\times 0,5=0,8\text{(m)}$$

) and width $$L=\mathrm{one},6x\sqrt[3]{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="V"\; filenames="00000029.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}}=\mathrm{one},6\times 0,5=0,8\text{(m)}$$

, with pipes located at the bottom with side holes, and the diameter D of the pipes laid on the bottom of the trench was equal to: $$D=0,3x\sqrt[3]{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="V"\; filenames="00000029.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}}=0,3\times 0,5=0,\mathrm{fifteen}\text{(m)}$$

, the diameter d of the side openings of the pipes was: d = 0.02 (m) / the ratio of the diameter d of the side openings of the pipes to the minimum granule size of expanded clay (which is according to GOST 9414.1-94 0.02 m) is 1: 1 /, the distance l between the side holes of the pipes amounted to: $$l=0,3x\sqrt[3]{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="V"\; filenames="00000029.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}}=0,3\times 0,5=0,\mathrm{fifteen}\text{(m)}$$

, and the distance Y between pipes laid parallel to the bottom of the trench was equal to: $$Y=0,8x\sqrt[3]{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="V"\; filenames="00000029.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}}=0,8\times 0,5=0,\mathrm{four}\text{(m)}$$

, the trench was successively covered with expanded clay granules (GOST 9757-90) until the pipes were completely covered with a layer of powder based on Al and Mg metals with a thickness $$h=0,\mathrm{fifteen}x\sqrt[3]{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="V"\; filenames="00000029.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}}=0,\mathrm{fifteen}\times 0,5=0,075\text{(m)}$$

, a layer of coal (GOST 9414.1-94), thickness $$H=\mathrm{one},\mathrm{one}x\sqrt[3]{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="V"\; filenames="00000029.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}}=\mathrm{one},\mathrm{one}\times 0,5=0,55\text{(m)}$$

, on which the biological material was laid, air was forcedly forced into the pipes under a pressure of 1.5 kPa, the powder layer was ignited, initiating the ignition of the coal layer lying above and the biological material, which completely burned out in 35 minutes, while the same volume of biological material destroyed according to the prototype, burned for 1.5 hours, i.e. the use of the proposed method allowed to reduce the time of destruction of biological waste by 2.6 times.

Analysis of the ashes for the presence of the causative agent of the African plague in it gave a negative result.

Thus, the claimed method of burning infected biological waste, including animal corpses, can reduce the time of destruction of hazardous objects in 2.4-2.6 times in comparison with the known technical solution.

Claims (1)

A method of burning infected biological waste, including animal corpses, including placing them in a closed cavity with air access, sprinkling with powder based on Al and Mg metals, burning and burial after completion of the burning process, characterized in that a trench is used as a closed cavity, whose depth Z is determined by the ratio: $$Z=(\mathrm{one},2-\mathrm{one},6)x\sqrt[3]{V}$$

where V is the volume of biological material in m ^{3 the} width of the trench L is determined by the ratio: $$L=(\mathrm{one},2-\mathrm{one},6)x\sqrt[3]{V}$$

, with pipes with side openings located at the bottom, the diameter D of pipes laid at the bottom of the trench being determined by the ratio: $$D=(0,2-0,3)x\sqrt[3]{V}$$

where V is the volume of biological material in m ³ , and the diameter of the side holes of the pipes is 1: (1-0.8) of the minimum size of the expanded clay granules, the distance l between the side holes of the pipes is determined by the ratio: $$l=(0,2-0,3)x\sqrt[3]{V}=0,2x\sqrt[3]{}1000=2\text{(m)}$$

, where V is the volume of biological material in m ³ and the distance Y between the pipes laid parallel to the bottom of the trench is determined by the ratio: $$Y=(0,6-0,8)x\sqrt[3]{V}$$

where V is the volume of biological material in m ³ , the trench is successively covered with expanded clay granules until the pipes are completely covered with a layer of powder based on Al and Mg metals with a thickness $$h=(0,\mathrm{one}-0,\mathrm{fifteen})x\sqrt[3]{V}$$

where V is the volume of biological material in m ³ , a layer of coal thick $$H=(0,9-\mathrm{one},\mathrm{one})x\sqrt[3]{V}$$

where V is the volume of biological material in m ³ onto which the biological material is laid, air is forced into pipes under a pressure of 1.0-1.5 kPa, the powder layer is ignited, initiating the ignition of the coal layer and biological material lying above.

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