RU2574034C2 - Method for obtaining aviation gasoline b-100/130 - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention describes method for obtaining aviation gasoline B-100/130, based on gasoline, containing components of catalytic reforming, isomerisation, alkylation with addition of antioxidative additive, tetraethyl lead and dye, characterised by the fact that as base, used is fraction, boiling out in the interval 40-145°C, separated from target automobile gasoline AI-95 by rectification in accordance with periodic or continuous scheme.

EFFECT: simplification of aviation gasoline production due to application of non-deficient automobile gasolines AI-95.

3 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to oil refining and petrochemicals and can be used in the production of high-octane aviation gasolines.

To obtain aviation gasolines, components such as catalytic reforming gasoline, stabilized catalytic cracking gasoline fractions, alkylbenzene, isomerizate, isopentane, dyes, antioxidants, and ethyl liquid are widely used.

The fuel composition is known, which contains: catalytic reforming gasoline fractions boiling in the NK ranges of 85 ° C, 85-140 ° C, etc., isomerizate, alkylbenzene, catalytic cracking gasoline, straight-run gasoline fraction, ethers of C ₁ -C ₅ alcohols or mixtures thereof with lower alcohols C ₁ -C ₄ (RF patent 2153523, C10L 1/4, 2000).

This fuel composition contains water-soluble alcohols and cannot be used as aviation gasoline, since it does not meet the requirements for the stability of the phase composition (it is even stratified at temperatures ~ minus 45 ° C), octane number, fractional composition, and other characteristics.

Known fuel composition containing catalytic reforming gasoline - fraction 35-150 ° C, catalytic reforming gasoline - fraction 100-190 ° C, alkylbenzene and straight-run gasoline fraction, taken respectively in the ratio, wt.%:

Reformation gasoline fraction boiling in the range of 35-150 ° C 55-80 Reformation gasoline fraction boiling in the range of 100-190 ° C 5-15 Alkylbenzene 10-20 Straight-run gasoline fraction 5-15

(RF patent 2009168, C10G 59/00, 1994).

To obtain a marketable product, additives such as tetraethyl lead, antioxidant additive, and dye are introduced into gasoline.

The disadvantage of this composition is the multicomponent and high content of aromatic hydrocarbons and, as a consequence, low specific heat of combustion.

Closest to the proposed composition is the composition of aviation gasoline containing a base that is a mixture of a fraction of reforming gasoline and / or isomerizate boiling in the range of 40-135 ° C, and a fraction of reforming gasoline boiling in the range of 80-190 ° C, taken in the ratio of 50-80: 20-50, and alkylbenzene in the following ratio of components in the composition, wt.%:

The basis ≤70 Alkylbenzene ≥30

The fuel composition may contain additives: antioxidant additive, tetraethyl lead, dye (RF patent 2212432, C10L 1/04, 2002).

The disadvantage of this composition is the use of non-standard reforming and isomerizate fractions (the isomerizate at domestic refineries has a boiling point of ~ 75 ° C, the applicant has 135 ° C) and deficient alkylbenzene.

The objective of the present invention is to reduce the components used and scarce products in the production of aviation gasoline.

To solve this problem, a fuel composition is proposed that contains a base that is a fraction obtained from AI-95 industrial gasoline boiling in the range of 40-145 ° C, and additives: antioxidant additives, ethyl liquid, dye.

The difference of the proposed technical solution is to simplify the production of aviation gasoline through the use of non-scarce AI-95 motor gasolines produced at a number of fuel-grade refineries (Kirishinefteorgsintez, Lukoil-Ukhta, Salavatnefteorgsintez, etc.). These gasolines (produced in accordance with Euro 4) are based on reforming, isomerization and alkylation gasolines and almost do not contain olefin components, since they do not include unstable products of catalytic and thermal cracking.

This difference allows you to get a fuel composition with high stability and detonation resistance, which allows you to effectively use this composition as aviation gasoline.

The preparation of the proposed fuel composition includes the following stages: preparation of a base by distillation of a fraction of 40-145 ° C from AI-95 gasoline, in a batch or continuous way, using a distillation column with an efficiency of at least 3 tons Then, additives are added to the obtained base in the following sequence: antioxidant additive, tetraethyl lead, and dye. Fractions obtained after distillation of the base can be used as components of AI-92/95 motor gasoline.

For the preparation of samples of aviation gasoline B-100/130, gasoline produced by KINEF was used, the characteristics of which are given in table 1.

By the described method, a sample of the base of the fuel composition and a sample of aviation gasoline B-100/130 were prepared, the compositions of which are shown in tables 2 and 3, respectively. The test results of the obtained samples of gasoline comply with the requirements for aviation gasoline B-100/130.

When producing commercial aviation gasoline, additives are introduced into the fuel composition: ethyl liquid, for example, P-2 brand, antioxidant additive - 4-methyl-2,6-ditretic butylphenol (Agidol-1); organic fat-soluble dye bright blue anthraquinone.

Example

1400 ml of AI-95 gasoline (properties in table 1) are loaded into a flask equipped with a distillation column with an efficiency of 3 tons, and gasoline fractions are sequentially isolated:

1. 35 (NK) - 40, in the amount of 58.0 ml.

2. 40-145, in the amount of 1158 ml.

3. 145-205 (K.K.), in an amount of 184.0 ml.

Fractions No. 1 and No. 3 are combined and tested on a UIT-85 installation, the octane number according to the motor method is 87.5, and subsequently they can be used as an additive (up to 15% vol.) To AI-92/98 gasolines.

To 1 kg of fraction No. 2 (the properties of fraction No. 2 are shown in table 2) in the following sequence about added:

antioxidant - agidol 0.05 g ethyl fluid based on TPP content 2.12 g dye - organic fat-soluble bright blue anthraquinone 0.006 g

The properties of the obtained gasoline (table 3) comply with the requirements of TU 38.401-58-197-97 for aviation gasoline B-100/130.

Table 1 Characteristics of motor gasoline AI-95-4 Characteristics of gasoline unit of measurement Standard value Value upon one 2 3 four Mass fraction of sulfur, no more mg / kg fifty 16 Volume fraction of benzene, no more interest one 0.77 Iron concentration, no more mg / dm ³ lack of lack of Manganese concentration, no more mg / dm ³ lack of lack of Lead concentration, no more mg / dm ³ lack of lack of Mass fraction of oxygen, no more interest 2.7 0.65 The volume fraction of hydrocarbons is not more than: aromatic interest 35 34.6 olefin eighteen 0.31 Octane number: 95 95.7 by research method, not less by motor method, not less 85 85.6 Vapor pressure, not more than: kPa 45-80 (l) 66 Volume fraction of oxygenates, not more than: methanol interest lack of lack of ethanol 5 lack of isopropanol 10 lack of tertbutanol 7 lack of isobutanol 10 lack of esters containing 5 or more carbon atoms in the molecule interest fifteen 3.6 other oxygenates (with a boiling point not exceeding 210 ° C) 10 lack of Density at 15 ° C kg / m ³ 725-780 749 Fractional composition: distillation start temperature, ° C, not lower (l) ° C 35 35.0 distillation limits, ° C, not higher: 10% ° C 65 52 fifty% ° C 110 99 90% ° C 180 177 end of boiling, ° C, not higher ° C 215 205 The concentration of actual resins, mg per 100 cm ^{3 of} gasoline, not more than mg 5 one Copper plate test Withstands Withstands Note: the requirements for the performance of motor gasoline are presented in accordance with the “Technical Regulation on the requirements for motor and aviation gasoline, diesel and marine fuel, jet fuel and heating oil” and GOST R 51105-97 “Fuel for internal combustion engines. Unleaded gasoline. Technical conditions. "

table 2 Characterization of the fraction of 40-145 C motor gasoline Gasoline specifications unit of measurement Value upon one 2 four Mass fraction of sulfur mg / kg 12 Volume fraction of benzene interest 0.81 Iron concentration mg / dm ³ lack of Manganese concentration mg / dm ³ lack of Lead concentration mg / dm ³ lack of Mass fraction of oxygen interest 0.7 Volume fraction of aromatic hydrocarbons interest 24.0 Octane number: by research method 94.9 by motor method 84.8 Vapor pressure kPa 44.0 Volume fraction of esters containing 5 or more carbon atoms in a molecule interest 4.1 The concentration of actual resins per 100 cm ³ gasoline mg lack of Density at 15 ° C kg / m ³ 744 Fractional composition: distillation start temperature ° C 40 distillation limits ° C 10% ° C 62 fifty% ° C 93 90% ° C 144 end of boiling, ° C ° C 170

Table 3 Characteristics of aviation gasoline B 100/130 Gasoline specifications Standard value for B-100/130 Value upon The content of tetraethyl lead in g per 1 kg of gasoline, not more than 2.2 2.12 Knock resistance: - octane number according to the motor method, not less one hundred 102 - grade on a rich mixture, not less 130 132 Fractional composition: losses from dispersal,% no more 1,5 Less than 1.0 - 10% distilled at a temperature, ° C, not higher 75 62 - 40% distilled at a temperature, ° C, not lower 75 82 - 50% distilled at a temperature, ° C, not higher 105 93 - 90% distilled at a temperature, ° C, not higher 145 144 end of boiling, ° C, not higher 180 171 - balance,%, no more 1,5 Less than 1.0 Saturated vapor pressure, kPa, not less 38,0 - - no more 49.0 44.0 The temperature of crystallization onset, ° C, not higher -60 Below minus 65 Mass fraction of aromatic hydrocarbons,%, no more 35 33.1 Mass concentration of actual resins in mg per 100 cm ^{3 of} gasoline, not more than 3 Lack of Mass fraction of sulfur,%, no more 0.05 0.001 The content of solids and water Lack of Lack of Color Blue Blue Density at 15 ° C, kg / m ³ Definition required 745 Note: the requirements for the characteristics of gasoline are presented in accordance with the "Technical Regulation on the requirements for automotive and aviation gasoline, diesel and marine fuel, jet fuel and heating oil" and TU 38.401-58-197-97 "Aviation gasoline".

Claims (1)

A method of producing aviation gasoline B-100/130 based on gasoline containing components of catalytic reforming, isomerization, alkylation with the addition of antioxidant additives, tetraethyl lead and dye, characterized in that the fraction used is a boiling point in the range of 40-145 ° C, allocated from target gasoline AI-95 by distillation according to a periodic or continuous scheme.