RU2153523C1 - High-octane gasoline production process - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: gasoline production. SUBSTANCE: straight-run gasoline fraction with upper boiling limit 160 C is hydrofined and then fractionated to yield fractions: initial boiling point to 85 C and 85 C to dry point. The former is subjected to isomerization to yield isomerizate and the latter is subjected to catalytic reforming. 10 to 60 wt % of catalytic reforming gasoline is separated into following fractions: initial boiling point to 85 C, 85-140 C, 140-200 C, and 200 C to dry point. To form desired product, indicated catalytic reforming fractions are combined in following proportions, respectively, %: up to 15, up to 25, 10-45, and up to 4, resulting mixture being supplemented by 1-20% of isomerizate and balanced with catalytic reforming gasoline. Thus compounded product is further supplemented by up to 40 % of alkylbenzene and/or up to 15% of straight-run fraction from initial boiling point to 85 C, and/or up to 20% of catalytic cracking gasoline, and/or up to 15% of ethers of C{1}-C{5}-alcohols or of their mixtures with C{1}-C{4}-alcohols. EFFECT: enabled production of environmentally safe lead-free high-octane gasolines. 2 cl, 2 tbl, 4 ex

Description

 The invention relates to oil refining, specifically to a method for producing high-octane gasoline, and can be used in isomerization and catalytic reforming units of straight-run gasoline fractions.

A known method of producing automobile gasoline, including the separation of straight-run gasoline NK-200 ^o C into fractions NK-85 ^o C (I), 75-115 ^o C (II) and 90-200 ^o C (III) and subsequent catalytic reforming under various conditions fractions II and III, distillation of the reforming product of fraction (III) and mixing the obtained components in a ratio different from the original product.

(AC Czechoslovakia N 260313, class C 10 G 59/00, 1989)
The disadvantage of this method is the significant complexity and consequently high energy costs, as well as a high content of aromatic hydrocarbons in marketable gasoline and insufficient antiknock properties of the latter.

A known method of producing high-octane gasoline by catalytic reforming of a straight-run gasoline fraction, fractionation of 30-90 wt.% Gasoline of catalytic reforming with the selection of a fraction boiling in the range of 35-150 ^o C and subsequent mixing of the selected fraction with gasoline of catalytic reforming and alkylate in an amount of 40-70 , 10-30, up to 100% by weight of the mixture, respectively.

(USSR patent N 2009167, class C 10 G 59 / 00.1992.)
However, this method does not allow to obtain gasoline with an octane rating of 95 or higher without adding ethyl fluid.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is a method for producing high-octane gasoline, including catalytic reforming of a gasoline fraction, fractionation of a portion of gasoline of catalytic reforming, followed by obtaining the target product by mixing the selected fractions with an alkylate. Moreover, before carrying out catalytic reforming, the NK-160 ^o C straight-run gasoline fraction is first subjected to hydrotreating and fractionation to obtain NK-85 ^o C and 85 ^o C-KK fractions, then the NK-85 ^o C fraction is isomerized to form isomerizate, 10-40 wt. .% of catalytic reforming gasoline is subjected to fractionation to obtain a catalytic reforming gasoline fraction boiling in the range of 110 ^o C-KK, and the target product is obtained by mixing the catalytic reforming gasoline fraction 110 ^o C-KK, catalytic gasoline reforming, alkylate and isomerizate taken in the ratio of wt.%: 15-40, 30-60, 15-40, 5-15, respectively.

(RF patent N 2078792, C 10 G 63/00, 1997)
The disadvantage of this method is the high content of aromatic hydrocarbons in the target product, in particular benzene, which affects its environmental characteristics.

 The objective of the present invention is to develop a method for producing high-octane gasoline with improved environmental performance by reducing the content of aromatic hydrocarbons, including the most toxic of them, benzene, as well as the expansion of raw materials for the production of gasoline.

To solve this problem, a method for producing high-octane gasoline is proposed, which consists in hydrotreating the straight-run gasoline fraction NK-160 ^o C and then fractionating to obtain NK-85 ^o C and 85 ^o C-KK fractions, and the NK-85 ^o C fraction isomerization with the formation of isomerizate, and the fraction of 85 ^o C-KK is subjected to catalytic reforming, then 10-60 wt.% gasoline of catalytic reforming is subjected to fractionation into fractions of NK-85 ^o C, 85-140 ^o C, 140-200 ^o C, 200 ^o C-KK and to obtain the target product, the isolated fractions of the mixture ayut with isomerate in the following ratio, wt.%:
NK-85 ^o C fraction of catalytic reforming gasoline - Up to 15
Fraction 85-140 ^o C of catalytic reforming gasoline - Up to 25
Fraction of 140-200 ^o C of catalytic reforming gasoline - 10-45
200 ^o C-CC fraction of catalytic reforming gasoline - Up to 4
Isomerizate - 1-20
Catalytic Reform Gasoline - Up to 100
It is also proposed to additionally introduce up to 40 wt.% Alkylbenzene and / or up to 15 wt.% Straight-run fraction NK-85 ^° C and / or up to 20 wt. % gasoline of catalytic training, and / or up to 15 wt.% ethers of alcohols C ₁ -C ₅ or mixtures thereof with lower alcohols C ₁ -C ₄ .

 The difference between the claimed technical solution and the known one is the fractionation of catalytic reforming gasoline into 4 fractions, as well as the mixing of these fractions with isomerizate in the stated ratio.

 On January 1, 1999, Russia introduced the new GOST P 51.105-97 "Fuel for internal combustion engines. Unleaded gasoline", which provides for strict regulation of the benzene content (not more than 5% vol.).

The separation of the NK-85 ^o C fraction from catalytic reforming gasoline and its limited introduction into the composition of the target product makes it possible to reduce the benzene content in the target product and thereby improve its environmental characteristics.

The NK-85 ^o C and 85-140 ^o C fractions of catalytic reforming gasoline are low-octane; therefore, their restriction in the composition of the target product will improve its octane characteristics. At the same time, these fractions can be used in the compositions of low-octane gasolines, which in turn expands the raw material base for the production of motor gasolines.

The introduction of alkylbenzene and ethers of alcohols C ₁ -C ₅ or mixtures thereof with lower alcohols C ₁ -C ₄ in the composition of the target product will reduce the proportion of highly aromatic components of catalytic reforming. As ethers, methyl (ethyl) tert-butyl, diisopropyl, methylamyl ethers or mixtures thereof with methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, sec-butyl alcohols can be used.

 The introduction of catalytic cracking gasoline into the target product will expand the raw material base for the production of high-octane gasolines.

 Below are examples of the implementation of the proposed method.

As the feedstock in the examples used straight-run gasoline fraction NK-160 ^o C, the characteristics of which are given in table 1. When implementing the method on an industrial scale can be used straight-run fraction NK-160 ^o C, obtained from both oil and gas condensate .

 Example 1

Straight run gasoline is hydrotreated in the presence of a nickel-molybdenum catalyst at a temperature of 340 ^° C. and a pressure of 3.6 MPa, then fractionated into fractions NK-85 ^° C and 85 ^° C-KK. The NK-85 ^o C fraction is isomerized in the presence of an alumina-platinum catalyst at a pressure of 2.7 MPa, a feed volumetric rate of 2 h ^-1 , an inlet temperature of 260 ^o C, an output of 280 ^o C. Isomerizate is obtained, 98% yield on the feed , the characteristics of which are given in table 1. The 85 ^o C-KK fraction is subjected to reforming in the presence of a platinum-rhenium catalyst at a temperature of 560 ^o C and a pressure of 2.0 MPa, a feed space velocity of 1.6 h ^-1 . A catalytic reforming product is obtained, 30% by weight of which is fractionated to isolate the NK-85 ^o C, 85-140 ^o C, 140-200 ^o C, 200 ^o C-KK fractions. The characteristics of catalytic reforming gasoline and fractions are given in table 1. To obtain AI-98 gasoline (Super-98), they are mixed, wt.%:
Fraction NK-85 ^o C gasoline catalytic reforming - 2
Fraction 140-200 ^o C of catalytic reforming gasoline - 17
Fraction 200 ^o C-KK of catalytic reforming gasoline - 4
Alkylbenzene - 9
Isomerizate - 3
MTBE - 15
Catalytic Reform Gasoline - Up to 100
The characteristics of the obtained target product are shown in table 2.

 Example 2

The method is carried out under the conditions of example 1. Fractionation is subjected to 60 wt. % gasoline of catalytic reforming under the conditions of example 1. Get fractions NK-85 ^o C, 85-140 ^o C, 140-200 ^o C, 200-KK. To obtain gasoline AI-95 (Premium-95) is mixed, wt.%:
Fraction NK-85 ^o C gasoline catalytic reforming - 2
Fraction of 140-200 ^o C of catalytic reforming gasoline - 30
Fraction 200 ^o C-KK of catalytic reforming gasoline - 4
Isomerizate - 8
Catalytic Cracking Gasoline - 2
Alkylbenzene - 25
Catalytic Reform Gasoline - Up to 100
The characteristics of the obtained target product are shown in table 2.

 Example 3

The method is carried out under the conditions of example 1. Fractionation is subjected to 10 wt. % gasoline catalytic reforming. To obtain gasoline AI-92 is mixed, wt.%:
Fraction 85-140 ^o C of catalytic reforming gasoline - 15
Fraction of 140-200 ^o C of catalytic reforming gasoline - 25
Fraction 200 ^o C-KK gasoline catalytic reforming - 2
Straight run fraction NK-85 ^o C - 5
Catalytic Cracking Gasoline - 5
Alkylbenzene - 12
Isomerizate - 10
Catalytic Reform Gasoline - Up to 100
The characteristics of the obtained target product are shown in table 2.

 Example 4

The method is carried out under the conditions of example 1. To obtain gasoline AI-91 (Regular-91) is mixed, wt.%:
Fraction NK-85 ^o C of catalytic reforming gasoline - 15
Fraction of 140-200 ^o C of catalytic reforming gasoline - 10
Catalytic Cracking Gasoline - 15
Isomerizate - 20
MTBE - 8
Catalytic Reform Gasoline - Up to 100
The characteristics of the obtained target product are shown in table 2.

 From the data given in table 2, it follows that the proposed method allows to obtain commercial environmentally friendly high-octane gasoline AI-91, AI-92 (Regulator-92), AI-95 (Premium-95), AI-98 (Super-98) low benzene content. Their use in internal combustion engines will help to reduce environmental pollution.

 In addition, A-76 and AI-80 gasolines can be prepared without adding ethyl fluid.

Claims (1)

1. The method of producing high-octane gasoline, which consists in the fact that the straight-run gasoline fraction NK-160 ^o C is subjected to hydrotreating and then fractionated to obtain the NK-85 ^o C and 85 ^o C-KK fraction, the NK-85 ^o C fraction is isomerized to form isomerate, and fraction 85 ^o C-QA is subjected to catalytic reforming, followed by 10 - 60 wt% gasoline catalytic reforming are subjected to fractionation to obtain the desired product, followed by mixing gasoline fractions from catalytic reforming catalytic reforming of gasoline. and isomerate, characterized in that the catalytic reforming of gasoline is fractionated into fractions of SC-85 ^o C, 85-140 ^o C, 140 - 200 ^o C, 200 ^o C-SC and to obtain the desired product isolated from the isomerate fraction is mixed in the following ratio , wt.%:
NK-85 ^o C fraction of catalytic reforming gasoline - Up to 15
Fraction 85 - 140 ^o C of catalytic reforming gasoline - Up to 25
Fraction 140 - 200 ^o C of catalytic reforming gasoline - 10 - 45
200 ^o C-CC fraction of catalytic reforming gasoline - Up to 4
Isomerizate - 1 - 20
Catalytic Reform Gasoline - Up to 100
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that up to 40 wt.% Are added to the target product. % alkylbenzene, and / or up to 15 wt.% straight-run fraction NK-85 ^o C, and / or up to 20 wt.% catalytic cracking gasoline, and / or up to 15 wt. % ethers of alcohols C ₁ - C ₅ or mixtures thereof with lower alcohols C ₁ - C ₄ .

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