RU2558841C1 - Method of developing thick steeply dipping ore bodies - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: method comprises sinking of working for division of the ore body on the panel, the chamber monolithic order of ore excavation in the panel, and stowing with the hardening mixture. Working of the ore body is carried out from its middle part in two directions vertically. Initially a split floor is formed with the location of the chambers in the "checkerboard" order, each second chamber is shifted by half of its height relative to the adjacent one, and the chambers are shaped as hexagon, then the upper part of the ore body from the split floor is worked out with the chambers of rectangular shape with a "checkerboard" arrangement in ascending order, and the lower part - in descending. Working of the chambers in descending order is carried out after complete stowing of coaxial chambers, worked in ascending order over the stowed chambers of the split floor. After working the ascending chambers by 1/25-1/3 of their height are stowed with hydraulic stowage, the rest - with hardening, and the descending chambers are stowed with a hardening mixture to 3/4-2/3 of their height. Stowing the voids in the roof of the stowed ascending chambers is carried out from the adjacent overlying ascending chambers as they are stowed with the hardening mixtures.

EFFECT: increased intensity of working and safety of mining operations.

2 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in the development of an underground method of powerful steeply falling ore bodies by chamber systems.

There is a method of developing powerful ore bodies by a layered chamber-whole system with a full laying of the worked out space, including conducting mining and preparatory workings - a spiral ramp to the entire height of the operational block (EB) with races on ring layer drifts (KS), layer ore and delivery races, mining of a cutting layer by dead-end approaches by a combine with a rear sight width equal to the width of an entrance, fixing and subsequent formation of a filling array in them, mining by a combine of a treatment approach with increased with the parameters from top to bottom across the stretching of the ore body (RT) with the pillars remaining, ventilation of the excavations with local ventilation fans (VMP), in which the transition layer with reduced parameters is initially worked out after the cut layer under its protective overlap, and the further refinement of the treatment openings is carried out in a staggered manner with a horizontal shift to the width of one run by the harvester at 1/2 height, knocked down with a delivery race and an annular layer drift, finalized using drilling and blasting papers (PLS) and shipped broken ore from the opposite side through the check-layered delivery truck (1).

The disadvantages of this method include the low productivity of the treatment dredging due to the relatively small parameters of the layer inlets and the limited (only downward) front of the treatment works.

A known method of layer mining of a kimberlite pipe, including the sinking of ventilation, recoil and split drifts, ventilation and backfill rebellion, ore pass, upward recess of the notch and filling work. Moreover, each layer is divided in a horizontal plane into several sections with an equal equivalent span of the roof. Sequentially work out and lay the plots using a pneumatic balloon support installed in a checkerboard pattern. Before filing the filling material in the worked out section of the layer, the pneumatic balloon support is shifted in a row along the boundary of the next worked out section of the layer. The lining is isolated from the worked out section of the layer with the installation of the necessary filling jumpers. The filling material is fed into the worked out section until it is completely filled, after which the next section is worked out using pneumatic balloon support in the above sequence (2).

The disadvantage of this method are: the cost of additional equipment, the difficulty in ensuring the completeness of laying the worked out space, which leads to delamination and collapse of the roof rocks on the layer, increasing the risk of mining.

The closest solution to the invention according to the technical essence is a method for developing powerful steeply falling ore bodies, including excavation of workings for dividing the ore body into blocks, stage-by-stage excavation of ore by chambers. After dividing the ore body into panels, blocks and chambers, the latter are mined in a “checkerboard” manner according to scheme I- _III- II- _IV as shown in FIGS. 1-5, while the bottoms of adjacent chambers I (II) and III ( Iv) shifted one floor. The beaten ore from the chamber to the haulage drift is transported by a delivery unit passed in the middle part of the adjacent chamber, which, when mined, is used as a drilling unit. Ore breakdown of the upper part of the chambers is carried out between artificial pillars from the hardening tab, and the lower one in the ore mass (3).

The disadvantages of this method include the increased volume of preparatory cutting operations and the limited front of the working faces, due only to the descending order of mining the ore body.

The technical problem to be solved by the claimed invention is directed is to increase the intensity of mining of ore bodies, ensuring the completeness of laying the spent ascending chambers and ensuring the safety of mining.

The indicated result is achieved in that the ore body is mined vertically from the middle part, in this case a split floor is initially formed with the cameras arranged in a “checkerboard” order, each second chamber is displaced by half its height relative to the neighboring one, and the chambers are shaped the hexagon, then the upper part of the ore body from the split floor is worked out by rectangular cameras with a “checkerboard” arrangement in ascending order, and the lower part in the descending order, while working out measures in a descending order are carried out after the full laying of coaxial chambers, worked out in an ascending order above the laid-in chambers of the split floor, after working, ascending chambers 1 / 25-1 / 3 of their height are laid with a hydraulic tab, the rest are solidified, and the descending chambers are laid with a hardening mixture at 3 / 4-2 / 3 of their heights, in addition, the laying of voids in the roof of the enclosed ascending chambers is carried out from neighboring overlying chambers as they are laid with hardening mixtures.

The split floor is formed by hexagonal cameras with a checkerboard pattern. This configuration provides mutual spacing of the chambers laid in the floor, gives stability to the structure as a whole and increases the safety of combined mining.

The mining of ore bodies is carried out from the split floor in two directions in ascending and descending order, which allows to increase the intensity of mining and the productivity of ore mining.

The chambers are processed in a descending order after the complete laying of coaxial chambers worked out in an ascending order over the laid-in chambers of the split floor, thereby eliminating the negative mutual influence of blasting operations during the treatment of chambers at different floors, which positively affects the safety of mining operations.

The cameras in both directions of mining are placed in a “checkerboard” order, when every second camera is displaced by half its height relative to the neighboring one. The lower part of the mined space of the ascending chambers is laid with a hydraulic tab. This became possible with a “checkerboard” arrangement of chambers, as this eliminates its entry into the treatment space of neighboring chambers. In addition, voids formed during compaction of the filling array in the roof of the ascending chambers are laid from neighboring overlying ascending chambers as they are laid with hardening mixtures. This allows you to ensure the completeness of the bookmark spent chambers and to exclude detachment of the ore mass.

New features in the proposed method are:

- mining steeply falling ore body is conducted from its middle part in two directions vertically;

- initially form a split floor with the location of the cameras in a "checkerboard" order, each second chamber is displaced by half its height relative to the neighboring one;

- cameras are shaped like a hexagon;

- the upper part of the ore body from the split floor is worked out by rectangular cameras with a “checkerboard” arrangement in ascending order, and the lower part in the descending order;

- mining of chambers in a descending order is carried out after the complete laying of coaxial chambers worked out in an ascending order above the embedded chambers of the split floor;

- the mined-out space is laid with a hardening mixture, moreover, 1 / 25-1 / 3 of the lower part of the chambers worked out in ascending order is laid with a hydraulic tab, and 1 / 25-1 / 3 of the upper part of the chambers worked out in a descending order is left unloaded;

- the laying of voids in the roof of the enclosed ascending chambers is carried out from neighboring overlying chambers as they are laid with hardening mixtures.

An analysis of known solutions showed that the essence of the proposed solutions in them is characterized by a new set of features.

The inventive method is illustrated by drawings, where:

figure 1 presents the General scheme of mining steep-dipping ore body in two directions vertically;

figure 2-4 presents a diagram of the formation and testing of hexagonal chambers of the split floor and their location in a "checkerboard" order;

figure 5-6 presents a diagram of the mining of rectangular chambers in ascending and descending order from the split floor;

7 is a diagram of safe joint mining of rectangular chambers with a "checkerboard" arrangement in ascending and descending order;

on Fig presents a diagram of the laying of voids in the roof of the embedded ascending chambers.

In the drawings (figures 1-8) are shown:

1 - hexagonal shaped chambers of the cut-off floor;

2 - fans of wells;

3 - drilling and delivery workings;

4 - hardening tab in the chambers of the split floor;

5 - backfill workings;

6 - ascending cameras of a rectangular shape;

7 - hydraulic tab:

8 - hardening tab in the ascending chambers;

9 - downward chambers of a rectangular shape;

10 - hardening tab in downward chambers;

11 - voids in the roof of the ascending chambers.

The inventive method is as follows.

A steeply falling ore body is mined from its middle part in two vertical directions (Fig. 1). First, a split floor is formed by working off hexagonal chambers 1 with an end face with blowing out fans 2 of wells from drilling and delivery workings 3 and laying them with a hardening mixture 4 from filling workings 5. The cutting floor is worked out along the ore body with the staggered arrangement of the chambers as shown in FIGS. 2-4. As the cut-off floor is formed, mining of the upper part of the ore body begins with ascending rectangular chambers 6. Cleansing operations are carried out by the face face with fans bore holes 2 from the drilling and delivery workings 3. The lower part of the worked-out space of the ascending chambers 6 is laid on 1 / 25-1 / 3 by the hydraulic bookmark 7, the rest of the hardening bookmark 8. Then proceed to the development of ore reserves below the split floor descending chambers 9, coaxially with the laid ascending chambers 6. The mined space is descending x chambers 9 are laid with a hardening mixture 10 at 3 / 4-2 / 3 of their height (Figs. 5-6). For safe mining over the working downstream chamber must be at least two embedded cameras (Fig.7). The filling array of the ascending chambers 6, due to its compression properties, shrinks over time, voids form in the roof of the enclosed chambers 11. The voids are laid from neighboring overlying ascending chambers as they are laid with hardening mixtures, as shown in Fig. 8.

The inventive method was developed by OJSC "Uralmekhanobr" when fulfilling the technological regulations for the design of the development of the Novo-Uchalinsky field.

Information sources

1. A layered chamber-integer development system with a full laying of the worked out space. RF patent No. 2486340, IPC E21C 41/16, 06/27/2013 (analog).

2. The method of layer mining kimberlite pipe in ascending order with a bookmark. RF patent №2309253, IPC E21C 41/22, 10.27.2007 (analogue).

3. A method for developing powerful steeply falling ore bodies. RF patent No. 2475647, IPC E21C 41/16, 02/20/2013 (prototype).

Claims (2)

1. A method of developing steep-dipping ore bodies, including dividing the deposits on the panel, a chamber-whole procedure for working out the treatment chambers in the panel and laying the worked out space with a hardening mixture, characterized in that the steep-dipping ore body is mined from its middle part in two vertical directions, this initially forms a split floor with the location of the cameras in a "checkerboard" order, every second camera is displaced by half its height relative to the neighboring one, and the cameras are given the shape of a hexagon, m, the upper part of the ore body from the split floor is worked out by rectangular-shaped chambers with a "checkerboard" arrangement in ascending order, and the lower part is worked out in descending order, while chambers are worked out in descending order after the coaxial chambers worked out in ascending order over the laid split-chamber chambers are completely laid floors, after mining, ascending chambers at 1 / 25-1 / 3 of their heights are laid with a hydraulic tab, the rest are hardened, and descending chambers are laid with a hardening mixture at 3 / 4-2 / 3 of their heights. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the laying of voids in the roof of the embedded ascending chambers is carried out from neighboring overlying chambers as they are laid with hardening mixtures.

Images