RU2390633C1 - Procedure for development of steeply pitching beds of coal - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to mining and can be implemented at coal mines during development edge and steeply pitching beds of coal by hydro-cutting. The procedure consists in exposing extraction field, in dividing it to extraction blocks, in leaving inter-block coal solids, in exposing extraction blocks with ventilation and accumulating crosscuts, in driving load handling slopes, ventilation furnaces and pulp furnaces, in dividing extraction blocks to stories, in driving story extraction drifts, and in mining stories of extraction blocks with a system of story hydro-cutting by passes along strike from story extraction drifts and facilitating rock falling in stripped area. Mining of stories is performed in a descending order. Exposure of extraction field is carried out at flanks with ventilation and accumulating crosscuts wherefrom coal is extracted from solids with the system of extraction; also stripped area is stowed with non-combustible fill; the solid functions as a protection for crosscuts forming a barrier solid. Block mining within ranges of an extraction pillar is performed successively starting from a mining block adjoining the formed barrier solid. Along the whole length of the extracting pillar inter-block coal solids are mined together with stories of adjacent mined extraction blocks.

EFFECT: increased safety of miners labour due to elimination of endogenous fires and increased efficiency owing to extraction of inter-block coal solids.

2 dwg

Description

The technical solution relates to the mining industry and can be used in coal mines in the development of steep and steeply inclined coal seams by hydraulic breaking.

There is a method of developing powerful steep seams with hydraulic breaking with cast hardening tab according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2084631, class. E21C 41/18, publ. in BI No. 20 for 1997, which includes opening and preparing a excavation field with ventilation and excavation drifts, local crosshairs, passed from the central ramp, dividing floors into sub-floors, layered coal excavation with a hydraulic gauge by stretches and feeding the cast hardening mixture into the worked out space of each pipelines. After practicing the next run-in at its border in the overlying stowage array, the cavity is washed out, the stowage pipe is mounted before the worked-out run from the side of the central slope along the ventilation drift, and an elbow is inserted into its outlet, which is inserted into the specified cavity, setting the outlet section of the stowing pipeline above the upper part Roofs After that, jumpers are installed in the drifts and a cast hardening mixture is supplied.

Consider the method inherent in the following significant disadvantages:

- twofold, compared with the system for mining sub-floor hydraulic blasting with collapse of rocks in the mined-out space (hereinafter - PGO), the volume of penetration of preparatory mine workings in each mining block is increased due to the need for new sub-floor drifts used under the hardened filling array of each used sub-floor; as ventilation ducts, along which a pipeline is laid for supplying cast hardened mixture to the worked out space;

- long periods of mining of excavation sites, reaching 1.5 ÷ 2 years, are due to the time spent both on driving the sub-floor ventilation drifts under the previously worked out sub-floors laid by the cast hardening mixture, and the time necessary for hardening and curing of the cast hardening mixture filed in worked out space;

- the high cost of coal mined, due to material and financial costs for the production, transportation and filling of the entire worked out space with a cast hardening mixture.

Due to the above disadvantages, the considered method of developing powerful steep formations with hydraulic breakdown with cast hardening tab finds limited practical application.

The closest in technical essence and the set of essential features is the method of developing powerful steep seams with a sub-floor hydraulic breakdown system (see Technological schemes for the development of coal seams of the Prokopyevsko-Kiselyovskoye field systems of subsoil hydroblowing (PGO). Instructions for the safe use of technological schemes for the development of coal seams of the Prokopyevsko-Kiselevsky deposit systems of subfloor hydraulic breakdown (PGO), Prokopyevsk, 2006. p. 6, 7, 10, 11, 71 and 209). The method includes opening a mining field, dividing it into mining blocks, leaving interunit coal pillars between them used as preventive ones, opening the mining blocks with ventilation and accumulating taps, sinking slopes, ventilation furnaces and pulp kilns in the interlock coal pillars, dividing the mining blocks on the floors , excavation of subfloor excavation drifts, mining of subfloors of excavation blocks by a system of subfloor hydraulic breakdowns with strikes along the strike from subfloor excavations x drifts with the collapse of rocks in the developed space. The development of the sub-floors is carried out in a descending order.

The disadvantage of this method is the large irretrievable loss of coal reserves within the opened excavation fields, due to the need to leave in the worked out space interblock coal pillars between the spent mining blocks. With the length of the excavation blocks not exceeding 150 m along the strike of the formation, interblock coal pillars left in the worked-out space over the entire height of the floor as preventive ones have a width of at least 25 ÷ 30 m (along the strike of the formation). As a result of this, only in one extraction field with a length of 900 ÷ 1000 and more meters, the losses left in the interblock coal pillars reach 20 ÷ 25% of the coal reserves contained in the mined mining field.

Due to the interblock coal pillars left in the worked out space, the risk of endogenous fires increases significantly. This is due both to the tendency of coal to spontaneously ignite, and to the fact that the movement of air leaks in the worked out space occurs in the contact zone of the worked out space with the coal mass, that is, along the interunit coal pillars left in the worked out space. It should also be noted that in the worked-out space foci of coal spontaneous combustion occur in accumulations of loosened coal, which are formed in the process of deformation and destruction of the edge of the coal mass under the influence of reference rock pressure (including inter-block coal pillars).

When mining steep seams, interblock coal pillars left in the worked out space are usually coaxial with the interblock coal pillars left earlier when mining the overlying horizon. As a result of this, endogenous fires are often transferred along existing coaxially located interblock coal pillars to existing mining blocks from upper, previously worked out horizons. Therefore, in order to prevent the passage of fires from overlying worked horizons into existing mining blocks, the mines practice the abandonment of horizontal coal pillars, which also leads not only to additional irretrievable losses of coal reserves, but also to an increase in endogenous fire hazard. At the same time, the bypass of heated masses of coal from the upper horizons after the underworking of the horizontal coal pillar and its destruction is not completely excluded.

Technical Problem:

- improving the safety of miners by eliminating the possibility of foci of spontaneous combustion of coal within the mining extraction field, as well as bypasses of endogenous fires from the upper horizons into the mining mining field;

- improving the economic efficiency of cleaning operations during the development of steep seams with sub-floor hydraulic blasting of coal with collapse of the rocks due to mining of excavation fields without leaving inter-block coal pillars in the worked out space.

The stated technical problem is solved in that in a method for developing steep coal seams, including opening a mining field, dividing it into mining blocks, leaving interlock coal pillars, opening excavation blocks with ventilation and accumulating pits, sinking slopes, ventilation furnaces and pulp in interlock coal pillars , dividing the extraction blocks into sub-floors, sinking of sub-floor mining drifts, mining of sub-floors of mining blocks by a sub-floor hydraulic breakdown system removal from sub-floor excavation drifts with the collapse of rocks in the worked out space, while the development of the sub-floors is carried out in a descending order, according to the technical solution, the excavation field is opened on the flank with ventilation and accumulating cross-valves, from which the mining system with laying the worked-out space with non-combustible filling material makes coal excavation from pillar serving as a guard for these cross-roads, forming a barrier pillar. The mining of mining blocks within the mining column is carried out sequentially, starting from the mining block adjacent to the formed barrier pillar. Throughout the extraction column, interblock coal pillars are worked out together with the sub-floors of the adjacent mining excavation block.

The indicated set of features will exclude the possibility of foci of spontaneous combustion of coal in the worked out space of the coal seams being mined, as well as the transfer of endogenous fires from previously worked overlying horizons. As a result of the practical implementation of the proposed technical solution, a mining field is worked out throughout without leaving inter-block coal pillars, which will increase the efficiency of mining due to the additional volume of coal mined and at the same time increase the safety of miners by preventing accidents caused by endogenous fires occurring in the worked out space .

The essence of the technical solution is illustrated by an example of the implementation of the proposed method for the development of steep coal seams (hereinafter referred to as the method) within the extraction field and by the drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a mining scheme for the first extraction unit; figure 2 is a working out scheme of the second extraction unit.

The method is as follows. Opening of the excavation field of a steep coal seam with a length of 900 ÷ 1050 and more meters is carried out on the flank by ventilation 1 (Fig. 1) and accumulating 2 crosshairs, between which pass pulp furnace 3 and cargo ramp 4. From pulp furnace 3 and freight ramp 4, the mining system with the laying out worked out spaces with non-combustible filling material produce the extraction of coal from the pillar, which serves as a guard for these cross-stones 2, 1, forming a barrier pillar 5.

From the formed barrier pillar 5, at a distance of 100 ÷ 150 m, the ventilation unit 6 and accumulating 7 crossholes open the first excavation block 8. To prepare for working out the first excavation block 8, the PGO system between the ventilation crossbar 6 and the accumulating crosshole 7 in the interblock coal pillar 9 passes a ventilation furnace 10 , cargo ramp 11 and pulp furnace 12. Produce the division of the extraction block 8 into subfloors. Underfloor excavation drifts pass. The mining of the subfloors of the extraction block 8 is carried out by the system of subfloor hydraulic blasting by strikes along the strike from the subfloor excavation drifts with the collapse of rocks in the worked out space. In this case, the mining of the sub-floors in the extraction block 8 is performed in a descending order from the barrier pillar 5 in the direction of the interblock coal pillar 9, which for the period of mining the excavation block 8 is security for crosshairs 6, 7, a ventilation furnace 10, a slope 11 and a pulp furnace 12.

After working off the first extraction unit 8 (Fig. 2) with a ventilation ditch 13 and an accumulating ditch 14, a second extraction unit 15 is opened adjacent to the interunit coal pillar 9, in which there is a ventilation furnace 10, a cargo slope 11 and a pulp furnace 12 used to work out the first excavation block 8. Between the ventilation cross-country 13 and the storage cross-country 14 in the interlock (guard) coal pillar 16 of these cross-sections 13, 14 pass pulp furnace 17, a ventilation furnace 18 and a cargo ramp 19. Working out the floors excavation unit 15 is also produced in descending order system sublevel gidrootboyki stope along the strike of the excavation sublevel caving rock with drifts in the goaf. When mining the second extraction block 15, the inter-block carbon pillar 9 is also included in the mining process. For this, at each sub-floor of the second extraction block 15, the inter-block coal pillar 9 is cut through the sub-floor drifts 20 and worked out together with the corresponding sub-floor of the second extraction block 15.

After working off the second extraction block 15, the next mining block (not shown) is opened and worked off adjacent to the interblock coal pillar 16, which is turned into mining in the same way as described above about mining the interblock coal pillar 9. When mining within the excavation field of the subsequent excavation blocks in their mining also include interblock coal pillars. Thus, due to the joint development of interblock coal pillars with the sub-floors of adjacent mined mining blocks throughout the mining field, they form a single mined space consisting of collapsed rocks.

Claims (1)

A method for developing steep coal seams, including opening a mining field, dividing it into mining blocks leaving interlock coal pillars, opening mining blocks with ventilation and accumulating taps, sinking slopes, ventilation furnaces and pulp kilns in interlock coal pillars, dividing the excavation blocks into floors sub-floor excavation drifts, mining of sub-floors of excavation blocks by a system of sub-floor hydraulic pumping with strikes along the strike from sub-floor excavation drifts with collapsed we eat rocks in the worked out space, while the mining of the sub-floors is carried out in a descending order, characterized in that the excavation of the excavation field is carried out on the flank with ventilation and accumulating crosshairs, from which the mining system with the laying of the worked-out space with non-combustible filling material makes the extraction of coal from the rear pillar, which serves as security for of these crossovers, forming a barrier pillar, and the mining of the excavation blocks within the extraction column is carried out sequentially, starting from the excavation block, approx sticking to the formed barrier pillar, while along the entire length of the extraction column, the interblock coal pillars are worked out together with the subfloors of adjacent mined mining blocks.

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