RU2547436C1 - Method of forest management - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the technology of forest recreation, and in particular, to promotion of the natural regeneration of commercial species of wood after felling the forest stand. The method comprises beheading of undergrowth in a mechanised way after felling the forest stand. Beheading of the undergrowth is carried out immediately after felling of trees and cleaning the cutting area on the emptied areas. Beheading is carried out using the equipment provided with thermal cutters, leaving several dormant buds at the stump part. The detached crown of the undergrowth is planted in the ground.

EFFECT: technology enables improving the performance and reducing the energy consumption of forest recreation, as well as reducing the death of the natural undergrowth of commercial species and increasing the establishment of the natural undergrowth of commercial species.

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Description

The invention relates to reforestation technology and, in particular, to promoting the natural regeneration of marketable species after felling.

A known method of reforestation, including the formation of shoots by cutting it (USSR Author's Certificate No. 891023, A01G 23/00).

The specified method is laborious and does not provide reforestation of commercial species in full.

The closest analogue is the method of reforestation, which consists in the fact that the promotion of natural regeneration is produced by a mechanized method after felling of the forest stand (RU 2086107, C1, 08/10/1997).

However, the known method does not allow quick and high-quality reforestation of commercial species and has low productivity and high energy intensity.

The technical problem to which the invention is directed is to increase productivity and reduce energy intensity of reforestation, reduce the loss of natural undergrowth of commercial species and increase the survival rate of natural undergrowth of commercial species.

The technical result coincides with the technical task.

The problem is solved in that in a method that includes trimming the crown of undergrowth by a mechanized method after cutting the stand, according to the invention, trimming of the crown of undergrowth is carried out immediately after cutting the trees and harvesting the cutting area in the areas to be freed, moreover, the crown is trimmed with equipment equipped with thermal cutters, leaving the left part of several sleeping kidneys, while the separated crown of the undergrowth is planted in the ground.

Cutting off the crown of undergrowth with the help of equipment equipped with thermal cutters is carried out simultaneously with the planting of the cut off crown, which makes it possible to increase the productivity and efficiency of reforestation while reducing the energy intensity. In addition, trimming of the undergrowth crown on the areas of the cutting area that is freed by cutting with the proposed equipment provides the subsequent strengthening of the root part, which improves the productivity of reforestation and a higher degree of survival of the undergrowth (usually most of the released undergrowth dies, which reduces the effectiveness of measures to promote reforestation in the traditional way). This is due to the fact that when cutting off the crown, there is a delay in the time of growth of the undergrowth under new hydrothermal conditions, which maximizes the survival rate and subsequent growth of the undergrowth.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a thermal cutter; in FIG. 2 is a side view of a thermal cutter; in FIG. 3 - the scheme of pruning of the undergrowth crown; in FIG. 4 - the formation of growth from sleeping kidneys on the left side of a truncated undergrowth;

The reforestation method is applied using a thermal cutter consisting of two disks 1, which are made, for example, of cermet. The disks 1 are in contact with the edges with each other and have drives 2, for example, from an electric motor controlled by a remote control 3 powered by a battery.

The method is as follows.

After felling of the stand, the crown of the undergrowth is truncated by pointing the thermal cutter to the left side of the undergrowth.

The disks 1 rotate in opposite directions, which is why they heat up at the point of contact and easily penetrate into the wood, forming a protective layer consisting of wood smoldering products (in a known manner) both on the cut trunk and on the back part. Then the undergrowth crown is trimmed with disks and left on the left side of several sleeping buds, while the undergrowth crown is trimmed immediately after cutting trees and harvesting the cutting area in areas freed by cutting, in which the natural undergrowth will die. The separated crown of the undergrowth is planted in the ground, which can potentially ensure the survival rate of the undergrowth is more than one.

Since the heating of the cutting edges of the disks 1 is carried out by friction between them, this reduces energy costs, and their rotation increases productivity.

Thus, the proposed method in comparison with analogs increases the productivity of reforestation, reduces the death of natural undergrowth of commercial species and increases the survival rate of natural undergrowth of commercial species.

Claims (1)

The method of reforestation, including trimming the crown of the undergrowth mechanized after cutting of the stand, characterized in that the trimming of the crown of the undergrowth is carried out immediately after cutting the trees and harvesting the cutting area in the areas to be freed, moreover, the crown is trimmed with equipment equipped with thermal cutters, leaving several sleeping on the left side kidneys, while the separated crown of the undergrowth is planted in the ground.

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