RU2541646C1 - Method of improving quality of fur and production of rabbit husbandry - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method comprises adding to the feeding diet of probiotic preparation. At that into the drinking water of the animals during weaning from the mother at the age of 45-50 days, a suspension of complex probiotic Velez 6.59 is added, which is composed of propionic acid bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum of the strain of RNCIM B-2347 and Propionibacterium freudenreichii of the strain of RNCIM B-6561 at a daily dose of 0.25-0.5 ml/kg during one month.

EFFECT: use of the invention enables to improve the performance of slaughter yield, the meat and bone index, the dietary value of rabbit meat and grade of quality of skin.

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Description

The invention relates to veterinary medicine, and more particularly to fur farming, and can be used to improve the quality of fur and meat productivity in rabbit farming.

The well-known probiotic Veles 6.59 is a suspension of bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum strain VKPM B-2347 and Propionibacterium freudenreichii strain VKPM B-6561 in a liquid nutrient medium. This drug is used to increase natural resistance, stimulate the growth and development of young animals, increase the safety and productivity of domestic, agricultural and wild animals, including fur animals and birds.

It is known about the effect of Veles 6.59 on the morphological, biochemical and immunological parameters of the blood of rabbits. However, there is no information on the use of strains of Lactobacillus plantarum and Propionibacterium freudenreichii to improve the performance indicators of rabbit breeding.

There is a method of using probiotics containing producers of microcin (MI, MIC), microcin and the B-subunit of the molecule of the heat-labile enterotoxin Escherichia on a carrier resident for the intestines of rabbits (RCMB) on live and slaughter masses of rabbits and the quality of hairline. These drugs are set on the root of the tongue in the suction period using a pipette-dispenser, in other cases, the feed is processed using a spray gun. It is advisable to treat probiotics of C51 type microcine producers from birth to 135 days of age every 7 days, probiotic of microcine producers of C51 and B subunits of Escherichia thermolabile enterotoxin molecules on the intestine resident rabbit carrier from birth to 90 days of age every 14 days (see Mayorova AS Influence of probiotics with antitoxic activity on rabbit productivity: dissertation ... candidate of biological sciences: 06.02.03, 16.00.03 / Mayorova Anna Sergeevna. - P. Rodniki, Moscow Region, 2007. - 120 pp., Ill .).

The disadvantage of this method is time-consuming and requiring special skills technology and a long period of feeding probiotics.

Closest to the technical nature of the claimed is a way to increase the productivity of farm animals and improve product quality by introducing into the diet of 45-day-old rabbits during the month of a probiotic preparation made on the basis of a recombinant strain of Lactobacillus sp. 8 TIMES (pLF-SL2) expressing somatoliberin in the digestive tract (RF Patent No. 2229827, published June 10, 2004). According to this technology of using the drug, an intensive increase in the gain in live weight of experimental rabbits was found, a tendency was observed to increase the protein concentration and decrease the level of fat in the meat of the tested animals.

The disadvantage of the prototype is that, along with intense gains, the slaughter yield in the experimental groups was at the level with control, while data on the effect of the probiotic containing the recombinant strain of Lactobacillus sp. 8 TIMES (pLF-SL2) expressing somatoliberin for fur-fur productivity is absent. It should also be noted that the use of hormone or hormone-like substances in fur farming requires careful regulation and monitoring of their administration, frequency and dosage in connection with possible side effects and consequences, such as inhibition of reproductive function, diabetes, allergic reactions.

The scientific basis for the use of the probiotic Veles 6.59 is the well-known understanding of the properties of the probiotic strains of the microorganisms Lactobacillus plantarum and Propionibacterium freudenreichii.

Lactobacilli synthesize a wide range of substances that inhibit the growth of other bacteria. Lactic acid bacteria improve the absorption of minerals and primarily calcium, which the body needs to maintain muscle work, build bone and connective tissue, normal functioning of the blood coagulation system, strengthen and normalize the permeability of cell membranes, and stabilize intercellular connections.

The biological feature of classical propionic acid bacteria is the ability to produce a number of metabolites, including B vitamins, including folic acid, vitamin B12 and bifidogenic factors, the release of propionic acid (propionates) and polypeptides with antimicrobial and antimutagenic properties, and the presence of antioxidant enzymes in cells ( Kraeva, Vorobyova, 1981) and more. The safety of P. freudenreichii is recognized by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).

The introduction of culture fluid (exometabolites) of P. freudenreichii strains into the diet of animals provides an increase in the preservation of individuals, stimulates their development, and reduces feed costs per unit of production.

An object of the invention is to improve the performance of slaughter yield, meat and bone index, dietary value of rabbit meat and grade skins.

The technical result is achieved as follows: rabbits during weaning from the mother 45-50 days in drinking water add a suspension of bacterial strains in daily doses of 0.25-0.5 ml / kg for a month. As a result of prescribing the drug, the growth and development of the body and the hairline of animals are optimized. The use of the drug is compatible with the treatment of rabbits with vaccines, serums, but is not allowed with the simultaneous use of antibiotics, sulfa drugs and other antibacterial agents.

Bacterial strains of Lactobacillus plantarum strain VKPM B-2347 and Propionibacterium freudenreichii strain VKPM B-6561 are used. Registration number PVR-1-1.6 / 01747.

Studies of the proposed method were carried out on rabbits of the Soviet chinchilla breed at NPF Research Center LLC in the biotechnological control laboratory. According to the principle of conditional analogues, the experimental and control groups of rabbit-weaners of 4 animals each were formed. The results and analysis of the tests were taken into account after 90 days of experience, after the slaughter. The animals were kept on a 12-hour fasting diet and 6-hour without drinking water before slaughter.

The meat productivity of rabbits was determined by slaughter yield, meat and bone index, chemical composition and organoleptic indicators.

Slaughter yield is one of the most important characteristics of animal meat productivity, calculated as the ratio of carcass weight (without skin, head, limbs, without viscera) to live weight, expressed as a percentage.

Table 1 Slaughter yield and meat indices of experimental rabbits of the breed Soviet Chinchilla According to the table, the slaughter yield exceeds the control analogs in the experimental group by 5.01% (P≤0.05). Thus, in the experimental group, the profitability of fattening and meat indices are higher than in animals of the control group.

Indicator Control group Experienced group M ± m M ± m Live weight at the time of slaughter, g 2983.75 ± 275.84 3028.75 ± 157.26 Slaughter yield,% 51.9 ± 1.084 54.5 ± 1.31 ∗ Meat and bone index 3.903 ± 0.309 4.244 ± 0.187 ∗ P≥0.05; ∗ P≤0.05; ∗∗ P≤0.01; ∗∗∗ P≤0.001

The meat and bone index is an indicator of the meatiness of carcasses, characterizes the amount of muscle mass as an edible part, which has the main nutritional value in relation to bones. When feeding the Veles 6.5 microbial preparation, the meat and bone index in rabbits increased.

In the experimental group, the meat and bone index is higher by 8.74% (P≤0.05) compared with the analogues from the control. Analyzing the results, we observe that when feeding the drug with drinking water, an intense increase in muscle mass occurs, which indicates the ergotropic effect of the probiotic.

The biological value of animal meat depends on its content of dry matter, ash, protein and fat. These indicators are affected by age, breed, physiological condition, feeding and animal welfare.

It was found that under the influence of the probiotic Veles 6.59, the biochemical composition of the meat of the tested rabbits of the breed Soviet chinchilla changed (Table 2).

table 2 The chemical composition of the meat of experimental rabbits Indicators Control group Experienced group M ± m M ± m Protein, g / 100 g 23.035 ± 2.6711 25.044 ± 0.8895 ∗ Crude fat, g / 100 g 12.4325 ± 1.8994 6.518 ± 1.796 ∗ Crude ash, g / 100 g 1.0325 ± 0.12612 1.0025 ± 0.0595 ∗ including calcium, g / 100 g 0.165 ± 0.0222 0.1744 ± 0.0338 ∗ P≥0.05; ∗ P≤0.05; ∗∗ P≤0.01; ∗∗∗ P≤0.001

From the data of table 2 it follows that when feeding the veles probiotic preparation Veles 6.59 in daily doses of 0.25-0.5 ml / kg muscle protein increases by 8.72% (P≤0.05) compared with the performance of control rabbits. The indicators of crude ash in muscle mass are 2.9% (P≤0.05) lower in the experimental group relative to similar controls. A study of the quality of muscle tissue in rabbits shows an increase in the amount of calcium in animal meat by 5.7% (P≤0.05) and a decrease in the content of raw fat in meat by 47.57% (P≤0.05) in contrast to control analogues. These indicators indicate an improvement in the dietary qualities of rabbit meat, as an important indicator in rabbit breeding.

An organoleptic assessment of the quality of raw meat of rabbits characterizes the nutritional value of the products. According to the data of table 3, in the process of tasting meat products, with a score on the appearance, aroma, texture, taste, juiciness, an improvement in the experimental group is 5.17% (P≤0.05); 1.75% (P≥0.05); 1.67% (P≤0.05); 3.51% (P≥0.05) and 3.39% (P≤0.05), respectively, relative to the analogues of the control group.

Table 3 Tasting quality assessment of cooked meat of experimental rabbits Groups Quality assessment, points Appearance Scent Consistency Taste Juiciness Total Control 7.25 ± 0.25 7.125 ± 0.24 7.5 ± 0.204 7.125 ± 0.315 7.375 ± 0.24 36.375 ± 0.72 Experienced group 7.625 ± 0.24 ∗ 7.25 ± 0.32 7.625 ± 0.24 ∗ 7.375 ± 0.125 7.625 ± 0.24 ∗ 37.5 ± 1,095 P≥0.05; ∗ P≤0.05; ∗∗ P≤0.1; ∗∗∗ P≤0.01; ∗∗∗∗ P≤0.001

When feeding Veles 6.59 in daily doses of 0.25-0.5 ml / kg, the overall organoleptic evaluation of meat is higher by 3.09% (P≥0.05) relative to the analogues of the control group.

An organoleptic study of the skins of rabbits of the control and experimental groups showed that the hair cover of the skins of the experimental group belongs to the first grade, and the control group to the second grade.

Consequently, feeding the probiotic Veles 6.59 has a positive effect on the hairline of skins of rabbits of the Soviet chinchilla breed, increases the quality and value of fur-skin products.

Claims (1)

A method of improving the quality of fur and rabbit products, including the introduction of a probiotic preparation into the diet, characterized in that the animals are added a suspension of the complex probiotic Veles 6.59, which contains propionic acid bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum, during drinking from the mother at the age of 45-50 days VKPM strain B-2347 and Propionibacterium freudenreichii strain VKPM B-6561 in a daily dose of 0.25-0.5 ml / kg for one month.