RU2719676C1 - Method for improving metabolism in farm animals using microencapsulated intestevit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: animal husbandry.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to livestock sector, in particular, to a method for improving metabolism in farm animals. Method is characterized in that animals with fodder receive a microencapsulated probiotic Intestevit in a dose of 3.5–8.7 g per 1 head once a day for 10 days.EFFECT: use of the invention enables normalizing metabolism and productivity of animals.1 cl, 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to animal husbandry and can be used to improve metabolism and productivity in farm animals.

Known biological product subalin, which is used in animal husbandry to increase metabolism and prevent gastrointestinal diseases in domestic animals. The preparation contains probiotic bacteria Bacillus Subtilis VKPM B-4759 and is characterized by high antagonistic activity against a wide range of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms (RF Patent No. 2035185. May 20, 1995, authored by V.V. Smirnov and others).

Known dry probiotic for ruminants rumenolact, which consists of dry bacteria concentrates Lactobacillus casei MB VKPM B-4486, Lactobacillus acidophilus var. coccoideus M-86 VKPM B-4992 and Streptococcus lactis 3186 K12 VKPM-4989 taken in equal mass parts. Feeding a probiotic to young ruminants stimulates metabolism, increases productivity and prevents dysbiosis (RF Patent No. 2063755. July 20, 1996, authored by D. Isakov).

There is a probiotic additive and a method for its production, which is made by mixing the biomass of bacteria Bacterius subtili B-2250 and / or Bacillus licheniformis B-2252 and excipients of the sorbent carrier and the moisture-sensitive filler. As a sorbent carrier, the additive contains aerosil of hydrophilic grade A and hydrophobic grade AM, a moisture-consuming filler — ion-exchange resin-cation exchangers of grades KB-4P-2 and KU-2-8 ChS. The additive is used in the manufacture of animal feed for farm animals, birds and fish. The use of a feed additive improves feed conversion and the general condition of animals, increases weight gain and reduces the death of animals (RF Patent No. 2252956. 08/10/2004, auth. G.V. Kulakov and others).

A known method of feeding a probiotic to suckling pigs, which provides for individual feeding of a probiotic to piglets containing cultures of bifidobacteria, streptococci and Bacillussubtilis bacteria, together with a solution comprising chicory broth, glucose and ascorbic acid. A daily solution of 5-10 ml per head per day for 10-15 days stimulates the beneficial intestinal microflora and increases the average daily weight gain in piglets (RF Patent No. 2410108. 01.27.2010, auth. D. Uchasov and etc.).

There is a probiotic feed supplement for farm birds and fur animals. This supplement contains viable spores of spore-forming bacteria Bacillus subtilis VKPM B-2574, Bacillus cereus VKPM B-2492, Bacillus licheniformis B-020, as well as a filler and dispersant. A feed additive activates the metabolism, increases weight gain, improves feed digestibility, and increases fertility (RF Patent No. 2458526. 08/20/2012, authored by B.P. Strunin and others).

A method is proposed for increasing the milk productivity of cows and the quality of milk, which provides for feeding a probiotic “EM-Vita” at a dose of 9.5-10.5 ml / goal once a day for 9-11 days with additional chitosan at a dose of 1 9-2.1 ml / kg body weight. The invention provides an increase in the average daily milk yield in cows, the content of milk, casein, total protein, fat, lactose, and also improves the indices of cicatricial digestion (RF Patent No. 2501548. December 20, 2013, authored by A. R. Tairov and others) .

There is a composition that includes a probiotic belonging to the species Lactobacillus rhamnosus. This composition is used to normalize the pathological lipid profile (RF Patent No. 2497536. 10.11.2013, author K. Kayander and others).

A known method of increasing the productivity and preservation of piglets, including the introduction into feed of daily feed additives in the form of a zeolite and probiotic provagen from spore-forming bacteria Bacillus subtillis and glucose. The implementation of the method provides an increase in the digestibility of dry matter of the diet and an increase in live weight of piglets (RF Patent No. 2538379. 01/10/2015, auth. A.S. Kozlov and others).

A common drawback for all of the above methods is that the majority (70-80%) of the probiotic bacteria used in them, falling into the acidic environment of the stomach, dies. Therefore, the dose of probiotic drugs when feeding animals is significantly overstated.

As a prototype, a method for stimulating physiological and biochemical status and reproductive qualities in sows using the probiotic of intestine (Uchasov D.S., Ph.D. thesis. Doctor of Biological Sciences "Physiological and Biochemical Aspects of Increasing the Efficiency of Using Probiotics in Industrial Pig Breeding" - Kursk was chosen) , 2014). This method involves feeding sows for 20 days in addition to the main diet, the drug Intestevit at the rate of 1.7 g (5 doses) per head per day.

The disadvantage of this method is that after getting into the stomach of animals, most of the probiotic bacteria (Bifidobacterium globusum, Bacillus subtilis) die under the influence of hydrochloric acid and only 20-30% of them enter the intestines. This significantly reduces the biological effectiveness of the probiotic preparation and requires overstating the doses for the drugs used.

The technical problem of the patented invention is to develop a new method of improving metabolism, which helps to increase meat productivity in farm animals by feeding microencapsulated probiotic intestine, as well as reducing the consumption of probiotic when processing animals.

The technical result, which provides a solution to the problem of the invention, is to improve metabolism and increase meat productivity (weight gain) in farm animals by using microencapsulated intestinitis, as well as reducing the amount of probiotic used in processing animals.

The result is achieved by the fact that microencapsulated intestinal feeding is fed to animals with a diet. The presence of microcapsules protects probiotic bacteria from destruction in the acidic environment of the stomach, as a result, they enter the intestine without hindrance, where microcapsules are destroyed by the alkaline medium, and probiotic bacteria enter the intestinal cavity and multiply actively. In the process of vital activity in the intestine, probiotic bacteria synthesize biologically active substances: enzymes, amino acids, vitamins, etc. These substances have a positive effect on metabolism, natural resistance and productive qualities of animals.

Example 1. Scientific and production testing of the developed method was carried out in the conditions of the pig-breeding complex "ZAO Pig Complex Ivanovsky" Belgorod region. In the experiment, microencapsulated intestinal instability was used according to a method previously developed by us (RF patent for the invention No. 2544169, 2015, Sein O. B., Krolevets A. A., Nikolaenko A. G.). To obtain a microencapsulated probiotic, 100 mg of intestine was dissolved in 1 ml of dioxane, then the resulting mixture was dispersed in a solution of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in acetone containing 300 ml of the specified polymer in the presence of 0.01 g of the preparation E472c with stirring. To the resulting suspension, 1 ml of distilled water was poured, filtered and dried at room temperature. Got a white powder with a yellowish tint - 0.356 g.

The object of research was pigs of 4 months of age of a large white breed. Three groups of 10 goals each were formed.

Pigs of the 1st experimental group with the main ration received a microencapsulated preparation of 3.5 g (containing 1.0 g of intestine) per head once a day for 10 consecutive days. Pigs of the 2nd experimental group received 2.0 g of non-encapsulated intestinal intestine according to the same scheme as the animals of the 1st experimental group. Pigs of 3 groups were control, they were not fed drugs.

Animals of all groups were kept in the same room and received the same diet, compiled according to generally accepted standards.

Experimental and control pigs were bled prior to the start of the experiment, on days 15 and 30 of the experiment. In the blood, general hematological parameters (ESR, hematocrit, erythrocytes, leukocytes, hemoglobin) were determined using generally accepted methods and a hematological analyzer (Abacus junior vet). The blood concentration of total protein, glucose, total lipids, total calcium, inorganic phosphorus, vitamins A and C was determined using the Bio-La-Test reagent kits manufactured by Lahema and the ILab-650 biochemical analyzer.

After the experiment (31 days), 3 heads were killed from each group. After the slaughter, samples were taken of the liver, the longest muscle of the back and small intestine, in the tissues of which the total nitrogen content was determined on a Kjeltek device. The content of free amino acids was examined separately in tissues of the longest back muscle using an automatic analyzer (AAA-400, Czech Republic).

The research results showed that the absolute body weight and its average daily gains were highest in pigs of the 1st experimental group (table 1).

When examining the general blood indices, it was found (Table 2) that in pigs receiving microencapsulated intestinal hematocrit, the content of erythrocytes and hemoglobin was at a higher level than in animals of the 2 experimental and 3 control groups.

Laboratory analysis of the biochemical components of the blood showed (table 3) that in pigs of the 1st experimental group the content of glucose, total calcium, vitamins A, E, and C on the 30th day of the experiment was significantly (p <0.05) higher compared to control animals. The content of total lipids and inorganic phosphorus, on the contrary, was lower than in the control.

In pigs treated with microencapsulated intestinal vein, the tissues of the longest muscle, liver, and wall of the small intestine contained significantly more (p <0.05) protein nitrogen than animals of the 3 control groups (table 4).

It was also found that in the tissues of the longest back muscle in pigs treated with microencapsulated intestinal vein, the total amino acid content was significantly (p <0.05) greater than in pigs of the 2 experimental group and control animals (table 5). Moreover, the increase in amino acid content occurred both due to the essential (threonine, valine, methionine, leucine, lysine, histidine), and interchangeable amino acids (glutamic acid, glycine, alanine). Significant differences (p <0.05) compared with the control were revealed only in the content of irreplaceable amino acids in pigs receiving unencapsulated intestevitis.

Example 2. The second scientific and production experiment to study microencapsulated intestinal infections was carried out in the conditions of the educational-experimental farm of the Kursk State Agricultural Academy named after I.I. Ivanova.

The object of research was the bull-calves analogous to the feeding of black-motley breed. Three groups of 9-month-old animals of 10 animals each were formed.

The gobies of the experimental group 1 were individually fed with a small portion of the feed, a microencapsulated preparation of 8.7 g (containing 2.5 g of intestine) per head 1 time per day for 10 consecutive days. Gobies of the 2nd experimental group received 5.0 g of non-encapsulated intestinal intestine according to the same scheme as the animals of the first experimental group. Gobies of group 3 were a control and drugs were not received. Animals of all groups were kept in the same room and received the same diet, balanced in nutritional, mineral and vitamin components.

During the experiment, the general condition of the animals, appetite, the presence of chewing gum, scar reduction, and body temperature were taken into account. In all experimental gobies, absolute body weight and average daily gains were determined.

During the experiment, blood was taken from the gobies of all groups before the experiment, on days 15 and 30 of the experiment. In blood, hematological and biochemical parameters were determined using the techniques described in example 1.

Determination of weight parameters showed that the highest absolute body weight and average daily weight gain were in gobies of the 1st experimental group (table 6).

In the study of general hematological parameters, it was found that in both experimental and control animals they were within physiological boundaries (table 7). However, in gobies treated with drugs, the erythrocyte count on the 30th day of the experiment was significantly (p <0.05) more than in control animals and gobies of the 2nd experimental group.

Studies of the biochemical components of blood showed (Table 8) that the content of total protein, glucose, total calcium, vitamins A and C in gobies receiving microencapsulated intestinal intestine was significantly (p <0.05) higher compared to control animals. In animals treated with unencapsulated intestinal vein, a significant increase was noted only in the content of glucose and vitamin A.

The results of the experiments presented in examples 1 and 2, indicate that microencapsulated intestine has a pronounced effect on the metabolism and productive qualities of farm animals. At the same time, the consumption of intestinal fluid during animal processing is reduced by almost 2 times. Given the results of the proposed method, it can be recommended for widespread use in animal husbandry.

Claims (1)

A method of improving metabolism in farm animals, characterized in that animals with food are given microencapsulated probiotic Intestevit in a dose of 3.5-8.7 g per head once a day for 10 days.