RU2525920C2 - Composition of biologically active preventive food additive for young farm animals - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to veterinary medicine, particularly to a prescription composition of a biologically active preventive food additive for young farm animals. The food composition includes: chitosan-melanin complex of dead bees; lactulose; Bifidumbacterinum of Bifidobacterium bifidum, strains No.1, 791 or LVA-3; vitamin C; dry herb extracts: tormentil rhizomes; wild camomile blossom; oak bark; pot marigold; purple Echinacea; common St. John's wort. Implementing the invention enables reducing a quantity of ingredients in the food additive, providing higher efficacy by a synergetic effect and reduced cost of the food additive.

EFFECT: feeding the young farm animals with the composition prevents gastrointestinal diseases, promotes higher non-specific body resistance, animal livability and body weight in the early ontogenesis.

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Description

The invention relates to veterinary medicine, in particular a prescription composition of biologically active prophylactic feed additives of natural origin for young farm animals based on chitosan-melanin complex from dead bees with the inclusion of a prebiotic, probiotic, vitamin, dry extracts of medicinal plants.

State of the art

It is known to use compositions containing chitosan and extracts of medicinal plants (Tentorium products with bee chitosan (Apikhit balsam, Apident-Active gel); Bioprogress products based on crab chitosan (KhitAN, Polykhit); products of ZAO Biotechnologies ”based on chitin and chitosan from crab (food of the Vegetabs ^® series, Big Pink ^® chewing candies (see R. G. Khismatullin. Beekeeping company" Tentorium "; A. I. Albulov, CJSC Bioprogress; V. G. Frolov, Chitosan technologists for Russia // Mat. Ninth International Conference “Sovr mennye perspectives in the study of chitin and chitosan "- M .: VNIRO, 2008, S.282-283;. 280-282; 279-280).

The disadvantage of these compositions is their high cost and low efficiency when using young s.h. animals, which makes them practically inaccessible for use in animal husbandry for veterinary purposes.

A known method of producing a substance based on chitosan (gel) for the food, pharmaceutical industry with the inclusion of plant extracts and / or beekeeping products; immunomodulating and regulating the acidity of the stomach, which is associated with the ability of chitosan to neutralize the free acid of the stomach (see patent No. 2172325 RU, publ. 08/20/2001; S.P. Maev).

The disadvantage of the proposed method is that chitosan in the resulting substance has a plastic gel structure, which suggests its use in ointments and pastes, which is unacceptable for inclusion in dry compositions.

There is a method of obtaining phytochitodesis (see patent No. 2204402 RU, publ. 05/20/2003; Komarov B.A., Albulov A.I., Treskunov K.A. and others), which also includes veterinary medicine. The disadvantages of this method is that based on the selection of the components of phytochitodes, a therapeutic effect is achieved in the treatment of infectious diseases of adult animals, in particular celiac disease, acute periostatitis, bronchial asthma. The use of this drug for young animals, in particular the prevention of gastrointestinal diseases, is ineffective due to the characteristics of metabolism in young animals and the impossibility of the action of the components of the drug on those processes that need correction.

Closest to the claimed composition is the preparation "Radiard", intended for the prevention and treatment of diarrhea of calves and piglets (see Betling E.S. "Redar - a real alternative to antibiotics in the treatment of diarrhea of young animals // All-Russian information and advertising bulletin" Zooindustry "2006 No. 1 (70), S.14-15).

What is common in this preparation with the claimed composition is that it is proposed as an alternative to antibiotics and is used for clinical and subclinical diseases of the gastrointestinal tract of young farm animals, namely, calves.

The radar contains:

- a special kind of fiber; probiotics; glucose and lactose; dry whey; electrolytes; trace elements; citrate; citric acid; vitamin C; amino acids; flavorings; yeast; grass extracts (belladonna extract, oak bark, chamomile flowers, cherry fruits, rhizome of potentilla).

It is indicated that the active ingredient of Rediar are three types of specially processed fiber fibers that allow you to bind and inactivate pathogenic viruses and their toxins. In addition, the drug contains minerals, glucose, as well as natural components, which does not adversely affect the growth of beneficial microflora in the intestine and is an advantage over antibiotics.

The disadvantages of the drug used as a prototype is its complex composition (more than 20 components), which determines the high cost. In addition, the preparation contains extracts of belladonna and bird cherry fruits, which can cause young farm animals animals toxic and allergic reactions.

Disclosure of invention

The technical result that can be obtained using the present invention is reduced to the use of a biologically active substance - chitosan-melanin complex (CMK) from bee death (see patent No. 2382051 RU, publ. 02.20.2010; M. Selionova, Pogarskaya N.V.), which has a number of valuable properties: the ability to form a protective film on the surface of the intestine, which reduces the impact of pathogenic microorganisms; act as an effective enterosorbent with a pronounced bacteriostatic effect due to normalization of the intestinal pH, as well as a decrease in the number of components, simplification of the composition due to this composition and cost reduction in comparison with the prototype.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the composition of a biologically active preventive feed additive for young farm animals, including vitamin C, dry extracts of herbs: rhizomes of the cinquefoil erecta, chamomile, oak bark, according to the invention, chitosan-melanin complex from dead bees is additionally introduced , lactulose, bifidumbacterin from Bifidobacterium bifidum, strains No. 1, 791 or LVA-3, dry extracts of herbs: calendula officinalis, purple coneflower, St. John's wort perforated the greater ratio of components,%: chitosan-melanin complex from dead bees 1.0; lactulose 20.0; bifidumbacterin from Bifidobacterium bifidum, strains No. 1, 791 or LVA-3 16.0; vitamin C 2.0; dry extracts of herbs: rhizome rhizome erect 20.0; chamomile flowers pharmacy 19.0; oak bark 12.0; Calendula officinalis 4.5; Echinacea purpurea 4.5; Hypericum perforatum 1.0.

It was revealed that the activity of CMC and plant extracts used increases in the presence of each other in connection with the established manifestation of a synergistic effect (see Some features in the action of phytochitodes and prospects for increasing their effectiveness / B.A. Komarov, K.A. Treskunov, L.V. . Pogorelskaya et al. // Materials of the IX International Conference "Modern Prospects in the Study of Chitin and Chitosan" October 13-17, Stavropol. - M.: VNIRO, - p. 173-177), which allows the use of moderate doses at a time facilitates dosage and order changes and receiving in acute cases.

The composition includes components that do not cause an allergic reaction in animals, designed to prevent gastrointestinal diseases. When selecting the components, we proceeded from the accumulated data on their pharmacological properties, efficacy, and recommendations for use in veterinary practice (see Rabinovich M.I. Veterinary herbal medicine. - M.: Rosagropromizdat. - 1988. - 174 pp .; Khramtsov A.G. and other. Technology of feed additives of a new generation from secondary dairy raw materials. M .: DeLi print. - 2006. - 288 p.)

The composition includes:

1. Chitosan-melanin complex from dead bees. The specific structural organization of chitosan allows it to create a protective layer on the intestinal mucosa that protects the villi from sorption of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms, as well as toxic metabolic products. It has prebiotic properties of prolonged action.

2. Lactulose (prebiotic). It belongs to one of the most famous growth stimulators of bifidobacteria. A globally recognized prophylactic of dysbiotic events.

3. Bifidumbacterin from Bifidobacterium bifidum, strains No. 1, 791 or LVA-3. It is a probiotic. The therapeutic properties of bifidumbacterin are determined by the living bifidobacteria contained in it, which have antagonistic activity against a wide range of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms. A high quantitative level of bifidobacteria in the composition allows to normalize the intestinal microflora and thereby improve the activity of the gastrointestinal tract, metabolic processes, parietal digestion, and increase the nonspecific resistance of the body.

4. Ascorbic acid. Powerful antioxidant. It plays an important role in the regulation of redox processes of carbohydrate metabolism, blood coagulation, tissue regeneration; participates in the synthesis of corticosteroids, collagen and procollagen; normalizes capillary permeability, reduces the need for vitamins B ₁ , B ₂ , A, E, folic acid, pantothenic acid, helps to increase the body's resistance; enhances gelation of chitosan.

5. Dry marigold extract. Contains volatile, saponins, mucus, a large amount of carotene and other carotenoids, lycopene, flavonoids, organic acids, traces of alkaloids. It has an anti-inflammatory and disinfecting effect, as well as a calming effect on the central nervous system, a bactericidal property against a number of pathogens, especially staphylococci and streptococci.

6. Dry extract of Hypericum perforatum. It contains flavone glycoside hyperoside (hyperin), a large amount of carotene, ascorbic and nicotinic acids, saponins, tannins, choline, tarry and bitter substances, volatile, traces of alkaloids. It has antiseptic, antibacterial, pronounced astringent effect, stimulates tissue regeneration.

7. Dry extract of Echinacea purpurea. The main active substances with immunostimulating activity are polysaccharides, glycosides, flavonoids, hydroxycinnamic acids. It has antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal properties.

8. Dry extract of ordinary oak bark. Its astringent, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effect is mainly due to the high content of tannins of the pyrogallic group, pectin, quercetin flavonoid. When interacting with proteins, this complex forms a protective film that protects tissues from local irritation. In addition, tannins denature the protoplasmic proteins of pathogenic microorganisms, which impede their development. Used for inflammation of the mucous membranes of the mouth, stomach, intestines, and gastrointestinal bleeding.

9. Dry extract of chamomile flowers. It has a versatile therapeutic effect due to the complex chemical composition. It contains essential oils (chamazulen and terpenes), organic acids, phytosterols, carotene, apinin, apigenin, resins, glycosides, proteins, gums, mucus, etc. It has anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, weak astringent, analgesic, diaphoretic, choleretic, hemostatic, sedative, anticonvulsant effect, reduces the formation of gases. It is used for inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, intestinal cramps, intoxication, bloating and stomach.

10. Dry extract of the rootstock rhizome erect. The pharmacological effect is due to the chemical composition. Rhizomes contain a significant amount of tannins of the protocatechin group, crystalline ester of tormentol, flavonoids, quinic and elagic acids, phlobafenes, wax, resins, gum, and starch. It has a pronounced astringent, bactericidal, anti-inflammatory and hemostatic effect. The extract is effective as an astringent for inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as gastric and intestinal bleeding.

The developed formulation of the claimed composition of biologically active preventive feed additives are presented in table 1.

Table 1 The formulation of the composition of biologically active prophylactic feed additives based on chitosan-melanin complex from dead bees No. p / p Name of component manufacturer Amount per 1 kg of live weight, g The ratio of components,% one Chitosan-melanin complex, laboratory prototypes 0.015 1,0 2 Lactulose 0.25 20,0 3 Bifidumbacterin from Bifidobacterium bifidum, strains No. 1, 791 or LVA-3, containing at least 5 × 10 ⁸ live bifidobacteria and 0.85 g of lactose, dry 0.2 16,0 four Vitamin C 0.02 2.0 5 Dry rootworm rhizome extract 0.25 20,0 6 Dry extract of chamomile flowers 0.25 19.0 7 Dry Oak Bark Extract 0.15 12.0 8 Dry extract of calendula officinalis 0.06 4,5 9 Echinacea purpurea dry extract 0.06 4,5 10 Dry extract of Hypericum perforatum 0.02 1,0 Total 1.28 100.0

A significant difference of the proposed composition is that the main active substance is a biologically active substance of natural origin - a chitosan-melanin complex from the death of bees, obtained in accordance with the previously developed technology (see patent No. 2382051 RU, publ. 02.20.2010; Selionova M.I., Pogarskaya N.V.), which also proved the effectiveness of its effect on young animals of agricultural animals. All components are selected based on their properties to have a prophylactic and multifunctional effect in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as the ability to increase the general non-specific resistance and immunity, which is confirmed by the results of our own studies below.

The implementation of the invention

The invention is demonstrated by the following examples of specific performance.

Example 1. Preparation of a composition of a biologically active feed additive for young s.h. animals based on chitosan-melanin complex from bee death.

The preparation of the claimed composition based on a chitosan-melanin complex from the death of bees was carried out, guided by the general rules for the preparation of powders from ingredients prescribed in different quantities. It comes down to grinding, weighing and evenly mixing the selected ingredients (table 1). Moreover, each substance that is part of the composition is weighed based on the total number of doses of powders required for each formed experimental group of animals, and individually crushed. The calculated quantities of ingredients for each species of young s.h. animals are shown in table 2. Then all the substances that make up the composition, in a certain sequence, carefully mix and grind in a mortar to obtain a homogeneous mixture. At the beginning, those that are smaller in quantity are introduced into the mortar, then the others are gradually added. The last thing to do is make the basis - the chitosan-melanin complex.

table 2 The formulation of the composition of biologically active prophylactic feed additives for young farm animals based on chitosan-melanin complex from dead bees No pp Component Name The ratio of components,% Quantity for 1 course for 1 calf for 1 pig for 1 kid one Chitosan-melanin complex, g one 6.30 0.21 0.63 2 Lactulose, g twenty 105.0 3,50 10.50 3 Bifidumbacterin from Bifidobacterium bifidum, strains No. 1, 791 or LVA-3, containing at least 5 × 10 ⁸ live bifidobacteria and 0.85 g of lactose, dry, g 16 84.0 2.80 8.40 four Vitamin C, g 2 8.40 0.28 0.84 5 Dry extract of the rootstock rhizome erect, g twenty 107,10 3.57 10.71 6 Dry extract of chamomile flowers pharmacy, g 19 105.0 3,50 10.50 7 Dry extract of oak bark, g 12 63.0 2.10 6.30 8 Dry extract of calendula officinalis, g 4,5 25,2 0.84 2,52 9 Dry extract of Echinacea purpurea, g 4,5 25,2 0.84 2,52 10 Dry extract of Hypericum perforatum, g one 8.40 0.28 0.84 Total one hundred 537.60 17.92 53.76 0.2 M sodium acetate solution or whey, ml - 862.40 24.08 86,20

The mixture thus obtained is weighed using a laboratory balance. The difference in weight of the sample weight of the composition according to the pharmacopeia should not exceed ± 5%. Samples are transferred to the prepared capsules of waxed paper.

When calculating the number and proportions of the constituent ingredients, the compatibility of the components in the composition and the requirements contained in the regulatory veterinary, pharmacological documentation and special literature were taken into account (see Baltkais Ya. Ya., Fateev V.A. Interaction of medicinal substances (pharmacotherapeutic aspects). - M .: Medicine. - 1991. - 304 p .; Veterinary recipe with the basics of therapy and prevention: A Guide. Edited by I.E. Mozgov. M: Agropromizdat. - 1988. - 384 p.)

For ease of dosage of the composition to various animal species, a 0.2 M sodium acetate solution is recommended as a diluting liquid (see RF patent No. 2200605 of 02.20.06, Method for producing low molecular weight chitosan for anti-radiation drugs / Varlamov V.P., Ilyina A.A. ., Bannikova G.E. et al.).

Example 2. The results of production tests of the effectiveness of the evaporation of KMK and composition on the kids

Microbiological studies did not reveal the presence in the CMC of microorganisms of the genus Salmonella, Proteus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as toxin-forming anaerobes and yeast of the Candida genus. The results of toxicological studies made it possible to classify KMK as low-toxic substances (class 4 substances according to hazard and toxicity according to GOST 12.1.007-76 k) (see Pogarskaya N.V., Selionova M.I., Binatova V.V. the melanin complex from the death of bees and the determination of its physico-chemical and biological characteristics // Veterinary medicine and feeding. - 2008. - No. 12. - P.28-29). The data obtained were the justification for the possibility of testing KMK and compositions based on it on productive animals.

In a scientific and production experiment, chitosan-melanin complex (15 mg / kg body weight) and a composition based on it according to the developed recipe Example 1 (experimental groups 10 and 10 goals each) were fed to newborn kids.

The results obtained indicate that the use of the complex and compositions based on it helped to reduce the incidence and especially the safety of kids. So, if in the experimental groups 10 to 20% of animals with signs of gastrointestinal disorders were recorded, then among the goats of the control group - 40%, respectively, the preventive effectiveness of the experimental groups was 20-30%. Noteworthy is the significantly greater safety of the kids in the experimental groups, which exceeds that in the control by 20-50% (Table 3).

Analysis of biochemical blood tests found a significant increase in total protein, γ-globulins, hemoglobin, lysozyme activity of blood serum by 6.4-45.5% (Table 4).

Table 3 The effectiveness of the use of CMK and compositions based on it for the prevention of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in kids Indicators Groups (10 goals) control I experienced (KMK) II experimental (composition) Sick of all / from gastrointestinal diseases, goal. 6/4 3/2 1/1 % 60.0 30,0 10.0 Including from gastrointestinal tract diseases 40,0 20,0 10.0 Of these, the goal fell. 5 3 0 including from gastrointestinal tract diseases 3 2 0 Preservation,% 50,0 70.0 100.0 Preventive efficacy,% _ 20,0 30,0

An analysis of the dynamics of live weight of the kids up to 2 months of age revealed that the use of the chitosan-melanin complex and compositions based on it had a stimulating effect on the growth of the kids: the difference with the control animals was 30.2-32.1%.

Example 3. The results of production tests of the effectiveness of evaporation of KMK and composition on piglets.

Analogously to example 2, but the tests were carried out on newborn piglets, and the composition according to the recipe of example 1 was used. In the experimental groups, 20.0 and 6.7% of animals with signs of gastrointestinal disorders were recorded, among piglets in the control group - 33.3%. The best was marked at 13.3 and 20.0 abs. percent the safety of piglets (table 5).

Table 5 The effectiveness of the use of CMK and compositions based on it for the prevention of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in newborn piglets Indicators Groups (15 goals) control I experienced (KMK) II experimental (composition) Ill, goal. 5 3 one % 33.3 20,0 6.7 Of these, the goal fell. four 2 one Preservation,% 73.3 86.6 93.3 Preventive efficacy,% - 13.3 26.6

An analysis of the biochemical parameters of the blood of piglets (Table 6) revealed that the individuals of the experimental groups exceeded the control animals in terms of hemoglobin content, total protein level, bactericidal and lysozyme activity, respectively, by 14.6 and 15.8% (P <0.05); 25.1 and 21.5% (P <0.01); 16.3 and 9.6%; 11.1 and 8.1% (P <0.05). In addition, young experimental groups had more live weight at 3 months of age by an average of 4.7% (P <0.05), which is due to large average daily gain by an average of 5.3%.

Thus, the use of a chitosan-melanin complex at a dose of 15 mg per kg of live weight as the basis of the claimed composition effectively prevents the occurrence of gastrointestinal diseases, helps to increase the nonspecific resistance of the body, which, in turn, has a beneficial effect on the safety, growth and development of young agricultural animals and allows you to grow it without the use of antibiotics, sulfonamide and other chemotherapy drugs.

Table 6 Biochemical blood parameters of newborn piglets with the use of KMK and composition Group Red blood cells, 10 ¹² g / l White blood cells, 10 ⁹ g / l Hemoglobin, g / l Total protein, g / l Protein fractions, g / l Bactericidal activity,% Lysozyme activity,% albumen globulins α β γ control 9.4 ± 0.5 13.7 ± 0.3 103.4 ± 2.9 52.9 ± 1.9 19.8 ± 1.6 16.9 ± 0.8 5.8 ± 0.2 10.5 ± 1.2 51.37 ± 0.94 35.3 ± 1.0 I experienced (KMK) 11.2 ± 0.47 11.4 ± 0.6 * 118.5 ± 3.1 * 66.2 ± 7.2 ** 21.8 ± 0.8 18.8 ± 0.2 15.2 ± 0.7 10.5 ± 0.8 59.78 ± 2.81 * 39.2 ± 2.01 * II experimental (composition) 10.3 ± 0.3 12.0 ± 0.2 119.8 ± 3.1 ** 64.3 ± 7.2 ** 20.7 ± 0.8 19.4 ± 0.2 13.01 ± 0.7 11.16 ± 0.78 56.32 ± 1.26 38.2 ± 1.7 * Note: the difference is significant at * P≤0.05; ** P≤0.01 with respect to the control.

Claims (1)

The composition of biologically active preventive feed additives for young farm animals, including vitamin C, dry herbal extracts: rhizomes of upright cinquefoil, pharmacy chamomile, oak bark, characterized in that it additionally contains a chitosan-melanin complex from dead bees, lactulose, bifidumbacterin from Bifidobacterium bifidum, strains No. 1, 791 or LVA-3, dry extracts of herbs: medicinal calendula, purple coneflower, St. John's wort perforated in the following ratio of components,%:
chitosan-melanin complex from dead bees 1,0 lactulose 20,0 bifidumbacterin from Bifidobacterium bifidum, strains No. 1, 791 or LVA-3 16,0 vitamin C 2.0 dry extracts of herbs: uproot rhizomes erect 20,0 chamomile flowers 19.0 oak bark 12.0 calendula officinalis 4,5 echinacea purpurea 4,5 Hypericum perforatum 1,0