RU2513729C1 - Method to develop thick steeply-dipping ore bodies - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: method to develop thick steeply-dipping ore bodies includes division of an ore body into layers developed in descending order, extraction of layers by stopes and filling of the mined space with hardening materials, definition of places of location and dimensions of cavities of cavings above the filling mass, arrangement of stopes as cut to the filling mass, supply of hardening materials along cutting stopes to places for additional filling of cavities of cavings above the filling mass. Before approach of the bottomhole of the cutting stope to the cavity of the caving arranged above the filling mass, arrangement of the cutting stope is stopped, two wells are drilled from the cutting stope towards the upper border of the caving cavity, one of wells is used for supply of hardening material to the cavity of the caving, in the second well they remove air from the caving cavity into the cutting stope, after filling of the caving cavity and achievement of the normative values of strength by the filling material, they continue arrangement of the cutting stope, besides, the minimum permissible distance from the bottomhole of the cutting stope to the cavity of the caving during performance of works for filling of the caving cavity is accepted as more than the depth of the zone of intensive damage of rock massif by the mountain pressure upstream the bottomhole of the cutting stope.

EFFECT: increased completeness of filling of mined space, reduced labour intensiveness of works related to filling of mined space, and increased safety of mining works.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in the underground development of steeply dipping deposits represented by unstable ores and host rocks.

A known method of developing steeply falling ore bodies (Patent RU No. 2209972, publ. 08/10/2003). This method includes dividing the ore body into layers worked out in a descending order, excavation of the layers with treatment openings and laying of the worked out space with hardening materials. The disadvantage of this method when developing powerful steep-dipping deposits, represented by unstable ores and host rocks, is that when it is implemented, full laying of the worked out space is not ensured, resulting in spontaneous collapse of the roof in openings, a dangerous degree of destruction of the underworked massif and a high probability of underground breakthroughs waters in the mine workings.

A known method of developing steeply falling powerful ore bodies (Patent RU No. 2357082, publ. 27.05.2009). This method, adopted as a prototype method, includes dividing the ore body into layers worked out in descending order, excavating the layers with inserts and laying out the worked out space with hardening materials, determining the locations and sizes of the cavities of dumps above the filling array, drilling penetrations in connection with the filling array, the supply of hardening materials through cut-in approaches to the places of additional laying of cavities of dumps above the filling array.

The disadvantages of this method during the underground development of steeply dipping deposits, represented by unstable ores and host rocks, are: the difficulty of ensuring the complete laying of the mined-out space in places where rocks, ore or filling mass from the entry roof occurred; the considerable complexity of the work associated with the need to install the formwork at the boundary of the landing hole and the cavity cavity; high risk of mining during penetration of cuts (cut-throughs) to the stowage array in areas within which there are dump cavities above the stowage array.

The technical result of the proposed method for the development of powerful steeply falling ore bodies represented by unstable easily collapsing ores and rocks is to increase the completeness of laying the worked out space, reducing the complexity of the work associated with laying the worked out space, and improving the safety of mining.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of developing powerful steeply falling ore bodies, including dividing the ore body into layers worked in a descending order, excavating the layers with embeds and laying the worked-out space with hardening materials, determining the locations and sizes of the cavities of the dumps above the filling array, penetrating the penetration into the cut to the backfill array, the supply of hardening materials according to the cut-in approaches to the places of additional laying of the cavities of the dumps above the backfill array, before the bottom hole approach No entry to the cavity of the dump located above the filling array, the penetration of the entry drill is stopped, two wells are drilled from the entry drill to the upper boundary of the dump cavity, one of the wells is used to supply hardening material to the dump cavity, air is taken from the dump cavity to the landing in the second well sinking, after laying the cavity of the collapse and the filling material reaches the standard values of the tensile strength, continue sinking of the cut-in sinking, and the minimum permissible distance from the face isechnoy stope to a cavity of the fall during the execution of the tab receiving cavity inrush more depth intensive destruction zone ore mining pressure ahead array prisechnoy stope face.

The method of developing powerful steeply falling ore bodies is illustrated by the drawings shown in figure 1 and figure 2.

Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram (vertical section), explaining the location of the wells, the cavity of the collapse and the bottom hole prigeto entry. Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram (plan view) explaining the location of the wells, the cavity of the collapse and the bottom hole prigeto entry.

In figure 1 and figure 2: 1 - ore mass; 2 - slaughter of prigeto entry; 3 - prigazatnoy entry; 4 - well, designed to exhaust air from the cavity of the fall into the notch entry; 5 - well, used to feed hardening material into the cavity; 6 - concrete pump; 7 - filling pipeline; 8 - cavity fell over the filling array; 9 - filling array; ABCD - vertical section of the cavity of the collapse over the filling array; AOFD - the perimeter of the cavity of the collapse in the section at the level of the roof of the anatomical approach; m is the height of the landing position (layer thickness); h is the height of the cavity cavity; r is the depth of the zone of intense destruction by the rock pressure of the ore mass in front of the bottom hole of the entry drill; s is the distance from the bottom of the entry hole to the cavity of the collapse during the laying of the cavity of the collapse; b - the width of the previously passed and mortar hardened materials; and - the width of the passable prigeto entry.

A method of developing powerful steeply falling ore bodies is as follows. The ore body is divided into layers worked out in a descending order. The extraction of the layers produced by the calls. The worked out space (completed passages) is laid with hardening materials. The locations and sizes of the cavities of the dumps above the filling array are determined.

The location of the cavities of the dumps above the filling array and the dimensions of these cavities can be determined, for example, by drilling 3 leading exploratory wells from the borehole entry towards the filling array or by visual observations during the penetration drilling.

Cavity cavity 8 (FIG. 1 and FIG. 2) is located above the filling array created in the entry width b previously passed and laid by hardening materials.

Before the approach of the face 2 of the landing 3 to the cavity of the dump 8, the penetration of the landing is stopped. At the same time, the minimum allowable distance S from the bottom 2 of the landing 3 to the cavity of the dump during the laying of the cavity of the dump takes more than the depth r of the zone of intense destruction by the rock pressure of the ore mass in front of the bottom of the landing.

From the near-hole entry 3, two wells 4 and 5 are drilled to the upper boundary of the aircraft cavity of the dump 8 (Figure 1). One of the wells 5 is used for supplying hardening material to the dump cavity, air is taken from the dump cavity to the notch entry 3 through the second well 4. After laying the dump cavity and reaching the standard values of the tensile strength, the penetration 3 is continued to be drilled.

Stopping the penetration of entry 3 before approaching its bottom to the cavity of the dump 8 above the filling array eliminates the need for hazardous and time-consuming work on the construction at the boundary of the cavity 8 adjacent to the insertion 3, a special formwork that prevents overflow into the insertion 3 supplied to the cavity dumped 8 stuffing material. The function of the formwork when using the proposed method is performed by the ore mass located in front of the face 2.

When s> r, the overflow into the notch entry 3 of the filling material supplied to the cavity of the dump 8 is excluded.

The supply of hardening materials to the places of laying is carried out, for example, using concrete pumps 6 equipped with a system for regulating the supply of filling mixture.

The use of the proposed method for mining deposits with unstable easily collapsing ores and rocks can increase the completeness of laying the mined-out space, reduce the cost of laying the mined-out space and improve the safety of mining.

The inventive method is intended for use in the development of powerful steep-dipping ore bodies with unstable ores and host rocks. The greatest effect from the use of the proposed method is achieved in the development of steeply falling deposits, represented by powerful deposits of unstable ores under the thickness of flooded rock sediments, the underworking of which is associated with the danger of groundwater breaking into the mine workings. Such deposits include, for example, Yakovlevskoye, Gostischevskoye and other deposits of rich iron ores.

Claims (1)

A method for developing powerful steeply falling ore bodies, including dividing the ore body into layers worked out in descending order, excavating layers with fillings and laying out the worked out space with hardening materials, determining the locations and sizes of dump cavities above the filling array, drilling penetrations in connection with the filling array, feeding hardening materials for subsurface approaches to places for re-laying cavities of dumps above the filling array, characterized in that before approaching the bottom of the subsection of the entrance to the cavity you Ala located above the filling array, stopping the penetrating entry is stopped, two wells are drilled from the penetrating entry to the upper boundary of the dump cavity, one of the wells is used to supply hardening material to the dump cavity, air is taken from the dump cavity to the notching entry through the second well, after laying the cavity of the collapse and the filling material reaches the standard values of the tensile strength continue sinking of the landing insert, and the minimum allowable distance from the bottom of the insertion landing to the polo ty of the fall during the work on the tab receiving cavity inrush more depth intensive destruction zone ore mining pressure ahead array prisechnoy stope face.

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