RU2400625C1 - Method for combined development of mineral deposits - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: method includes tapping of open pit reservoirs, simultaneous performance of open works and underground mining works, open pit push-back down tot limit depth, transportation of rock mass along transport benches and underground transport mines. At the same time sealed cushion is developed at the bottom of open pit, and pit is filled with overburden, afterwards barrier hydraulic insulation artificial pillar is crated, as well as two strengthening artificial pillars. Besides incline is arranged in the centre of orebody to move self-propelled equipment and transportation of cargo. Moreover, ore chutes pass within the limits of each strengthening artificial pillars, having linkages to inclination.

EFFECT: complete extraction of mineral in underground development of kimberlite deposit.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in the development of minerals, in particular kimberlite pipes.

A known method for the combined development of steeply dipping mineral deposits, including mining the upper part of the deposit with a quarry to the design depth with external overburden dumping, digging an inclined shaft from the bottom of the quarry, mining mineral reserves below the limit position of the bottom of the quarry by underground method, first with open mined space, and then under collapsed rocks (RF Patent No. 2139921, IPC (6) E21C 41/00, 41/26. Method for the combined development of useful mineral deposits -benefiting / Akishev AN et al.).

The above method has several disadvantages in the development of irrigated mineral deposits, especially with large groundwater inflows, including those containing toxic and explosive gases, due to the significant complexity and inefficiency in these conditions of sinking from the bottom of the quarry and subsequent operation of the inclined shaft, as well as the inability to ensure the necessary safety of underground work. The location of the trunk is unfavorable, since it contributes to the greatest influx of water to it, and the applied underground development systems do not protect the underground workings from flooding due to the absence of a barrier pillar.

A known method of the combined development of mineral deposits (RF Patent No. 2005181 / Kurlenya M.V., Medvedev M.L. et al.), Adopted as a prototype, including mining a quarry field to an economically feasible depth with external dumping of overburden and quarry drainage , sinking underground openings, the gradual filling of the quarry with rocks and the development of mineral reserves below the position of the bottom of the quarry.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the low efficiency of the method when developing sub-quarry reserves of flooded mineral deposits. The rocks poured into the quarry space do not prevent the entry of underground water, opened by a quarry, onto the surface of the deposit, formed after the completion of mining operations in an open way. As the spent quarry is filled with underground waters, the pressure on this surface increases, which requires that a significant amount of barrier power is left in the upper part of the deposit, ensuring safe work.

The technical result is the possibility of mining sub-quarry reserves of kimberlite ore with virtually no loss and improving the safety of operations, while eliminating abundant water inflow due to hydrogeological conditions. For this, the field is mined open to the maximum depth. After that, an artificial protective pillar is formed at the bottom of the quarry using a concrete bookmark and an insulating film. At the same time as conducting open-cast mining, the ore body is opened with vertical shafts and crosshairs, divided into floors and sub-floors during delivery and haulage operations. In the center of the ore body there is an auto-slope for transporting mining equipment and people.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of combined development of mineral deposits, including opening the horizons of the quarry, simultaneous open-cast mining and underground mining, deepening the quarry to the maximum depth, transporting the rock mass through transport berms and underground transport workings, according to the invention, at the bottom of the quarry create an airtight pillow and fill the quarry with overburden, and then create a barrier waterproofing artificial pillar and two reinforcing artificial pillars, while in the center of the ore body there is an auto-slope for moving self-propelled equipment and transportation of goods, also, within each of the reinforcing artificial pillars, there are ore slopes having failures with an auto-slope.

Figure 1 - General view; Figure 2 - discharge BB in figure 1; Figure 3 - discharge BB in figure 1.

The essence of the technology for mining quarry reserves of kimberlite pipes is as follows. The field is mined simultaneously by open and underground methods. Moreover, after mining the quarry to the maximum depth at the bottom of the quarry 1, a sealed cushion 10 is formed using a concrete pad and an insulating film, after which the quarry is filled with overburden. At the same time, the ore body is opened by vertical trunks and crosshairs, it is divided into floors during haulage drifts 5. An auto-slope 9 is used in the center of the ore body, which serves to move self-propelled equipment and transport cargo. To feed the bookmark into the waste treatment plant 3 in the upper part of the block is held ventilation and filling drift 2.

With the help of a roadheader, an annular section on the contour of the ore body and part of the ore mass into the cross of the pipe are worked out, which are filled with concrete, thereby forming a barrier waterproofing artificial pillar 4 and reinforcing pillars 11.

The development of each of the sections begins from the bottom up with a layered development system with a hardening tab within the boundaries of the created barrier waterproofing 4 and reinforcing artificial pillars 11 dividing the block into chambers.

Then, after preparatory rifling, the ore begins to be mined, and it is carried out using a shearer and self-propelled delivery equipment. The ore beaten by the combine from a treatment plant is delivered by a self-propelled car to ore pass 8 at ore run 6. Moreover, the treatment of mining operations is carried out in alternating order, i.e. through one. The spent treatment run-in is rewired and filled with a hardening tab from the filling wells 12. After all the treatment runs 3 are worked out in the layer, the mining equipment is transported along a gradient 9 to the next layer, where the treatment cycle is repeated.

Underground mining is carried out from bottom to top by a layered development system with a hardening tab and the creation of an artificial barrier hydro- and reinforcing pillars, dividing the block into sections.

The effect of the application of the method is achieved by working out sub-quarry reserves of kimberlite pipe deposits in difficult mining and geological conditions with an aggressive aquifer without leaving behind a whole valuable mineral.

Claims (1)

A method for the combined development of mineral deposits, including opening the open pit horizons, conducting open pit and underground mining at the same time, deepening the pit to the maximum depth, transporting the rock mass through transport berms and underground mine workings, characterized in that an airtight pillow is created at the bottom of the pit and it is dumped overburden quarry, after which they create a barrier waterproofing artificial pillar and two reinforcing artificial pillars, with the center of the ore of the body are avtouklon to move the self-propelled equipment and cargo transport, and within each of the reinforcing pillars are artificial ore passes with sboyka with avtouklonom.

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